V

‫ﻌ ﹲﻞ ﻣﺎﺿﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ The Past Verb

This type of verb has only three (3) forms:

Observe
that only
‫عين‬
‫ﻌ ﹶﻞ‬ ‫ﹶﻓ‬ ‫ﻌ ﹶﻞ‬ ‫ﹶﻓ‬ ‫ﻌ ﹶﻞ‬ ‫ﹶﻓ‬
the
‫الكلمة‬
Benefit:
changes its
‫ فعل ماضي‬in a
3-letter-form
ALWAYS ends ‫ﻡ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﹶﻛ‬ ‫ﺧ ﹶﻞ‬ ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﻠ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫حركة‬

with a fat7ah

‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﺴ‬
 ‫ﺣ‬ ‫ﻊ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﺢ‬ ‫ﺘ‬‫ﹶﻓ‬
Question: How many ‫ ﺣﺮﻛﺎﺕ‬can we put on the ‫? ﻑ‬ Benefit:
A word cannot
Answer: Three (3). (‫ﺔ‬‫ﺿﻤ‬
 , ‫ ﻛﹶﺴﺮﺓ‬, ‫ﺔ‬‫)ﻓﹶﺘﺤ‬ start with a
sukoon nor end
Question: How many “logical” forms can ‫ َف َع َل‬accept? with a vowel
Answer: Twelve (12).
3 X 4 = 12

Benefit: ‫ﻌ ﹶﻞ‬ ‫ﹶﻓ‬ ‫ﻌ ﹶﻞ‬ ‫ﹶﻓ‬ ‫ﻌ ﹶﻞ‬ ‫ﹶﻓ‬ ‫ﻌ ﹶﻞ‬ ‫ﹶﻓ‬

To start a word with
kasrah or a dhummah
is heavy on the
tongue as stated ‫ﻌ ﹶﻞ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻌ ﹶﻞ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻌ ﹶﻞ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻌ ﹶﻞ‬ ‫ﻓ‬
below.

‫ﻌ ﹶﻞ‬ ‫ﹸﻓ‬ ‫ﻌ ﹶﻞ‬ ‫ﹸﻓ‬ ‫ﻌ ﹶﻞ‬ ‫ﹸﻓ‬ ‫ﻌ ﹶﻞ‬ ‫ﹸﻓ‬

Due to this principle, the forms using kasrah and dhummah
Principle:
were omitted, leaving just 4 valid forms. However, the form ‫ﻌ ﹶﻞ‬ ‫ﹶﻓ‬
seems to be problematic also, as we’ll find out next, in shaa
The 3rabs seek lightness in speech. Allaah.

My notes in Sarf – Bintu Jose as-Salafiyyah # 6

 It is said that according to the Arabic usage, ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ can only take three (3) forms:

What happened to ‫ﻌ ﹶﻞ‬ ‫? ﹶﻓ‬ ‫ﻌ ﹶﻞ‬ ‫ﹶﻓ‬ ‫ﻌ ﹶﻞ‬ ‫ﹶﻓ‬

‫ﻌ ﹶﻞ‬ ‫ﹶﻓ‬

Principle:
To transform a ‫ ﻣﺎﺿﻲ‬verb ( 3 rd
person) to a 1st person to express “I did” , simply add a ‫ﺕ‬

which is called ‫ﻞ‬‫ﺗﺎ ُﺀ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋ‬ (taa of the doer) to the last letter of word and give it (last letter) a

sukoon.
Illustration: Changed
to sukoon ‫ﺗﺎ ُﺀ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ‬

‫ﺖ‬
 ‫ﺑ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﺿ‬ ‫ﺖ‬
 ‫ﺑ‬‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﺿ‬
 =‫ﺕ‬
 +‫ﺏ‬
 ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﺿ‬

Based on the principle when adding ‫ ﺗﺎ ُﺀ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ‬and giving sukoon to the last letter, we come up with the following:

‫ﺖ‬
 ‫ﻌ ﹾﻠ‬ ‫ﹶﻓ‬ ‫ﺖ‬
 ‫ﻌ ﹾﻠ‬ ‫ُﹶﻓ‬ ‫ﺖ‬
 ‫ﻌ ﹾﻠ‬ ‫ﹶﻓ‬ ‫ﺖ‬
 ‫ﻌ ﹾﻠ‬ ‫ﹶﻓ‬
Observe the “meeting of 2
saakin” letters here.

Principle: When two (2) saakin letters meet, apply all the 7arakaat on the 1st saakin letter starting with a
kasrah. If it doesn’t work, try a dhummah. If it doesn’t work, try a fat7ha. IF none works at all, drop
it (1st saakin letter) off.

Let’s find out

this form doesn’t which one will
make sense! work.
used used used

‫ﺖ‬
 ‫ﺖ ﹶﻓـ ﹾﻠ‬
 ‫ﻌ ﹾﻠ‬ ‫ﺖ ﹶﻓ‬
 ‫ﻌ ﹾﻠ‬ ‫ﺖ ﹶﻓ‬
 ‫ﻌ ﹾﻠ‬ ‫ﺖ ― ﹶﻓ‬
 ‫ﻌ ﹾﻠ‬ ‫ﹶﻓ‬
What to do? Drop this form and this is how we came up with just THREE (3) valid forms for the ‫ﻌ ﹲﻞ ﻣﺎﺿﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ .

‫ﻌ ﹶﻞ‬ ‫ﹶﻓ‬ ‫ﻌ ﹶﻞ‬ ‫ﹶﻓ‬ ‫ﻌ ﹶﻞ‬ ‫ﹶﻓ‬ My notes in Sarf – Bintu Jose as-Salafiyyah # 6