Kirchhoff's Laws

Kirchhoff's two laws reveal a unique relationship between current,

voltage, and resistance in electrical circuits that is vital to performing and
.understanding electrical circuit analysis

:Law 1
The sum of the voltage drops around a closed loop is equal to the sum of
(the voltage sources of that loop (Kirchhoff's Voltage Law

:Law 2
The current arriving at any junction point in a circuit is equal to the
(current leaving that junction (Kirchhoff's Current Law

Kirchhoff's Voltage Law

Kirchhoff's first law is also known as his "voltage law." The voltage law
gives the relationship between the "voltage drops" around any closed loop
in a circuit, and the voltage sources in that loop. The total of these two
:quantities is always equal. In equation form
Kirchhoff's voltage law can be applied only to closed loops .A closed
:loop must meet two conditions
-It must have one or more voltage sources 1 .
It must have a complete path for current flow from any point, around -2 .
.the loop, and back to that point

:superposition theorem
The superposition theorem states that in a linear circuit with several
sources, the current and voltage for any element in the circuit is the sum
of the currents and voltages produced by each source acting
.independently

To calculate the contribution of each source independently, all the other

sources must be removed and replaced without affecting the final result.
When removing a voltage source, its voltage must be set to zero, which is
equivalent to replacing the voltage source with a short circuit. When
removing a current source, its current must be set to zero, which is
.equivalent to replacing the current source with an open circuit

When you sum the contributions from the sources, you should be careful
to take their signs into account. It is best to assign a reference direction to
each unknown quantity, if it is not already given. The total voltage or
current is calculated as the algebraic sum of the contributions from the
sources. If a contribution from a source has the same direction as the
reference direction, it has a positive sign in the sum; if it has the opposite
.direction, then a negative sign

Note that If the voltage or current sources have internal resistance, it must
remain in the circuit and still be considered. In TINA, you can assign an
internal resistance to the DC voltage and current sources, while using the
same schematic symbol. Therefore, if you want to illustrate the
superposition theorem and at the same time use sources with internal
resistance, you should only set the source voltage (or current) to zero,
which leaves the source internal resistance intact. Alternatively, you
.could replace the source with a resistor equal to its internal resistance

In order to use the superposition theorem with circuit currents and

voltages, all of the components must be linear; that is, for all resistive
components, the current must be proportional to the applied voltage
.((satisfying Ohm’s law

Note that the superposition theorem is not applicable to power, since

power is not a linear quantity. The total power delivered to a resistive
component must be determined using the total current through or the total
voltage across the component and cannot be determined by a simple sum
.of the powers produced by the sources independently
Results
Was calculated voltage and current in a manner Kirchoff and-1
superposition and the results were close in both cases

In a superposition of all sources was tubby voltage and current to zero-2

with the exception of only one source and then find the value of voltage
or current

In the solution to the laws of Kirchoff closed loops were taken to -3

calculate the voltage and current

When you reset voltage source is replaced by short circuit-4

When you reset the power supply is replaced by open circuit-5