A Project On

Data Base Management System

Presented to:

Sir Fahad Bilal

Presented by:

Noman Ali Ashraf

Bilal
Hassan
M.Waqar
Anwar
Junaid Umer
Amir Bashir
We are grateful to the Allah Almighty who has provided us the strengths
required to complete the project. We are nothing without the abet of Allah
Almighty, who helped us in making all this project, who assisted us in
compiling our work in the form of report and presenting it in front of you.

Having said all this, we must acknowledge the hard- work, sincerity and
technique of teaching of our teacher Sir Fahad Bilal. He is the person who
took our hands into his own and guided us to a completely. Because of
whose effort we, now, are well aware of our project.

THANK YOU
 CONTENTS
CHAPTER # 1
INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER # 2
EXISTING SYSTEM

CHAPTER # 3
PROPOSED SYSTEM

CHAPTER # 4
LOGICAL DESIGN

CHAPTER # 5
PHYSICAL DESIGN

CHAPTER # 6
IMMPLEMENTATION

CHAPTER # 7
MAINTAINANCE
Chapter # 1: Introduction

Introduction to Institute

Organization’s Faculties

Entities and their Relationship

Basic ERD

Scope of project

Business functions decomposition

Planning matrix
 Introduction to the Institute

International Islamic University, Islamabad.

International Islamic University, Islamabad is an International seat of

Islamic learning, in Pakistan, which provides every opportunity for an all-around and
harmonious development of individuals and society and reconstruction of human thought
on the foundation of Islam.

Location

The University is located in the scenic vicinity of Margalla Hills in

Islamabad. While all teaching faculties of the University are functioning in the new
Campus situated in Sector H-10, the administration comprising Rector's office,
President's office, personnel department and finance department are still operating from
the old campus situated near the grand Faisal Mosque in Sector E-6

Introduction

The foundation of the University was laid on the first day of the 15th Hijrah
Century, Muharram 1, 1401 (November 11, 1980). This landmark of the beginning of the
new Century Symbolize the aspirations and hopes of the Muslim Ummah for an Islamic
renaissance. The desire to produce scholars and practitioners, imbued with Islamic
learning, character and personality, and capable to meet the economic, social, political,
and intellectual needs of modern times is the aim of this university.

The University starts as “Islamic University” with only 9 students in its LL.M degree
Program and classes being held at the Campus of Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad.
The University was upgraded, restructured and reconstituted as “International Islamic
University” with the promulgation of the International Islamic University Ordinance by
the President of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan in March 1985.

With 8 faculties and 5 autonomous academies, institutes and centers the University is
conducting around 58 academic programs with enrollment of over 12,000 students that
include around 5,500 girl students.

In addition, around 2000 students are enroled in the Iqra technical center, a constituent
unit of the university.

The International Islamic University is a unique institution of higher learning which

integrates the two parallel streams of religious and other education systems prevailing in
the Muslim world. It provides a system based on universal Islamic principles capable of
responding to present day needs and requirements.
 (a) Faculties:

The university consists of the following faculties:

• Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences

o Department of Computer Science
o Department of Mathematics
o Department of Environmental Sciences
• Faculty of Engineering and Technology(PEC recognized)
o Department of Electronic Engineering
• Faculty of Arabic Language and Islamic Civilization
• Faculty of Languages, Literature and Humanities
• Faculty of Management Sciences
o Department of Business Administration
o Department of Technology Management
• Faculty of Shariah and Law
• Faculty of Social Science
o Department of Education
o Politics and International Relations
• Faculty of Islamic Studies (Usuluddin)
• Social Sciences
• CMC (Center of Media and Communication )

Entities and their Relationship:

DRIVER drives BUS

Bus has Routes

BUS has Reg#

Location
BUSES goes

Driver
has Reg#
 Basic ERD

Bus Transportation System

Driver Buses

Scope of the Project:

The department for which we are making our project is IIUI BUS TRANSPORT
SYSTEM. We have chosen the particular department because all the data of the
department is based on manual system. We want to convert the manual data base of Bus
transportation System in to DBMS technology. The limitations of our project are that we
will only discuss the transportation system of the busses and provide the information
about their routes.
 Business function decomposition:

Business function:
1.0 BTS Management

Decomposition:
1.1 Route Allotment

1.2 Bus.No Issued

1.3 Timing

1.3.1 Bus.No

1.3.2 Desired Location

Business function decomposition:

There are three levels of dataflow diagram which represents business

function decomposition.

1 level # 0 (context level)

2 level # 1 (detail level)

3 level # 3 (highly detailed level)

 level # 0 (context level):

request for route

response against request

1.0
Student
request for bus.no

issue bus.no BTS Manager

request for timing

response against request

level # 1 (detail level):

Request for route 1.1 allotted

Response against request

Route allotted

Student

Allotted to students

1.2
Request for Bus.no

Issued Bus.no Issued

Response against request

Allotted to student

Request for timing 1.3

Issued timing
Issued
Response against request
 level # 2 (highly detailed level):

Allotted to student
1.3.1

BTS Manager
Alloted Bus

Status

1.3.2

Desired location
Location/Timing

Planning matrix:

Entities
Bus.No Bus Driver Pick Drop Pick Drop
Business
Reg# Name Location Location Timing Timing
functions

BTS MGT * * * * * * *
Chapter # 2: Requirement Analysis

Introduction to existing system

User Requirements

Detailed ERD
Introduction to Existing system:

We are going to develop an application program to meet the requirements. Our

organization is the Bus Transportation System (BTS). The existing system that we are
using is manual system to manage the BTS affairs. This system was fulfilling the
requirements of yesterday but today’s requirements are different from that one. New
innovations prove that there are many disadvantages of using this manual system and
efficiency could be improved easily by using the next new system and techniques. Our
organization is using manual system to handle all affairs of student.

User requirements:

Advantages:

• Increase in number of locations/routes

• Easier way to travel across the twin cities
• Available for both Islamians and Dilpoma’s Students
• Separate buses for male and female
• Facilitate near by university’s students
• Time and money saving
• Power cutoff doesn’t matter

Disadvantages:
• Manual system should be avoided
• DBMS system is un-available
• Excess of Students in a single bus
• Same routes but different drivers/buses
• Shortage of buses
CHAPTER # 3: Proposed system
Proposed system
Advantages
Disadvantages

Conclusion/ Recommendation
Data Dictionary (Meta data)
IIUI Bus Transport System

Proposed System:-
IIUI has manual Bus Transport System which seems to be non affectve
and time taking. Instead of this manual of paper based system there is a need of using
computerized or DBMS system.

Advantages:-
• Quick information about the Buses
• Increase in number of buses
• Increases the number of students
• Increase in number of locations/routes
• Easier way to travel across the twin cities
• Available for both Islamians and Dilpoma’s Students
• Separate buses for male and female
• Multiple buses on a single route for 5 times a day
• Facilitate near by university’s students
• Separate buses for staffs are more convenient
• Time and money saving
• Timings are affective

Disadvantages:-

• Only when central system down.

Data Dictionary:-
Meta data of any system is called its Data Dictionary.
Thus following is the list of all the Meta Data of IIUI Bus Transport System.

Bus no.
Bus Reg.
Reg no.
Driver’s name
Dirver’s N.I.C
Driver’s Phone
Pick Location
Drop Location
Pick Timings
Drop Timings
 Conclusions:-
Cost:-

• Staff is required for DBMS

• New or upgrading of system
• Wastage of time/Conversion from Manual to DBMS system
• Untrained or weak employees will be Fired

Technology:-
• Specialized staff is required
• Technology requirements (like computer H/D &S/w & printers)
• Maintenance is required

Benefits:-
• Increased information about Buses, drivers and routes
• Quicker and easier guidance to students
• Wastage of time will be reduced
• If needed Printed schedule will be available