76 Cooper Crouse-Hinds Ex Digest

Examples of IEC Hazardous Area Classifications

CHAPTER 15
EXAMPLES OF IEC HAZARDOUS AREA CLASSIFICATIONS

15.1 INDUSTRIAL PUMP

Outdoors, pumping flammable liquid

Principal factors which influence the type and extent of zones

PLANT AND PROCESS

Ventilation
Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Natural Artificial
Degree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medium High*
Availability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Poor Fair

Source of release Grade of release

Pump seal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary and secondary

PRODUCT
Flash point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Below process and ambient temperature
Vapor density . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Greater than air
*Airflow from pump motor

Taking into account relevant parameters, the following are typical values which will
be obtained for a pump having a capacity of 50 m3/h and operating at a low pressure:
a = 3 m horizontally from source of release;
b = 1 m from ground level and up to 1 m above the source of release;

NOTE – Due to the high air flow, the extent of zone 1 is negligible
 Cooper Crouse-Hinds Ex Digest 77
Examples of IEC Hazardous Area Classifications

15.2 INDUSTRIAL PUMP

Indoors, pumping flammable liquid

Principal factors which influence the type and extent of zones

PLANT AND PROCESS

Ventilation
Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Artificial
Degree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medium
Availability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fair

Source of release Grade of release

Pump seal (packaged gland)
and pool at floor level . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary and secondary

PRODUCT
Flash point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Below process and ambient temperature
Vapor density . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Greater than air

Taking into account relevant parameters, the following are typical values which will
be obtained for a pump having a capacity of 50 m3/h and operating at a low pressure:
a = 1.5 m horizontally from source of release;
b = 1 m from ground level and up to 1 m above the source of release;
c = 3 m horizontally from source of release.
78 Cooper Crouse-Hinds Ex Digest
Examples of IEC Hazardous Area Classifications

15.3 PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE

Open air from process vessel

Principal factors which influence the type and extent of zones

PLANT AND PROCESS

Ventilation
Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Natural
Degree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medium
Availability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fair

Source of release Grade of release

Outlet from valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary

PRODUCT
Gasoline gas density . . . . . . . . . . . . Greater than air

Taking into account relevant parameters, the following are typical values which will
be obtained for a valve where the opening pressure of the valve is approximately 0.15 MPa
(1.5 bar):
a = 3 m in all directions from source of release;
b = 5 m in all directions from source of release.
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Examples of IEC Hazardous Area Classifications

15.4 PROCESS MIXING VESSEL

Indoor vessel, opened regularly for operations

Principal factors which influence the type and extent of zones

PLANT AND PROCESS

Ventilation
Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Artificial
Degree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Low inside the vessel
Medium outside the vessel
Availability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fair

Source of release Grade of release

Liquid surface within the vessel . . . . Continuous
The opening in the vessel . . . . . . . . Primary
Spillage or leakage of
liquid close to the vessel . . . . . . . . . Secondary

PRODUCT
Flash point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Below process and ambient temperature
Vapor density . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Greater than air

Taking into account relevant parameters, the following are typical values which will
be obtained for this example:
a = 1 m horizontally from source of release;
b = 1 m above source of release;
c = 1 m horizontally;
d = 2 m horizontally;
e = 1 m above ground.
80 Cooper Crouse-Hinds Ex Digest
Examples of IEC Hazardous Area Classifications

15.5 OIL/WATER GRAVITY SEPARATOR

Outdoors, opens to atmosphere in a petroleum factory

Principal factors which influence the type and extent of zones

PLANT AND PROCESS

Ventilation
Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Artificial
Degree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medium
Availability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Poor

Source of release Grade of release

Liquid surface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Continuous
Process disturbance . . . . . . . . . . . . . Secondary

PRODUCT
Flash point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Below process and ambient temperature
Vapor density . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Greater than air

Taking into account relevant parameters, the following are typical values which will
be obtained for this example:
a = 3 m horizontally from the separator;
b = 1 m above ground level;
c = 7.5 m horizontally;
d = 3 m above ground level.
 Cooper Crouse-Hinds Ex Digest 81
Examples of IEC Hazardous Area Classifications

15.6 CONTROL VALVE

Closed process pipe work system conveying flammable gas

Principal factors which influence the type and extent of zones

PLANT AND PROCESS

Ventilation
Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Natural
Degree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medium
Availability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fair

Source of release Grade of release

Valve shaft seal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Secondary

PRODUCT
Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Propane
Gas density . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Greater than air

Taking into account relevant parameters, the following are typical values which will
be obtained for this example:
a = 1 m in all directions from source of release.
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Examples of IEC Hazardous Area Classifications

15.7 HYDROGEN COMPRESSOR

In a building open at ground level

Principal factors which influence the type and extent of zones

PLANT AND PROCESS

Ventilation
Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Natural
Degree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medium
Availability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Good

Source of release Grade of release

Compressor seals, valves and flanges close to the compressor . . . . Secondary

PRODUCT
Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hydrogen
Gas density . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lighter than air

Taking into account relevant parameters, the following are typical values which will
be obtained for this example:
a = 3 m horizontally from source of release;
b = 1 m horizontally from ventilation openings;
c = 1 m above ventilation openings.
 Cooper Crouse-Hinds Ex Digest 83
Examples of IEC Hazardous Area Classifications

15.8 FLAMMABLE LIQUID STORAGE TANK

Outdoors with fixed roof (not floating roof)

Principal factors which influence the type and extent of zones

PLANT AND PROCESS

Ventilation
Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Natural
Degree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medium*
Availability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Good

Source of release Grade of release

Liquid surface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Continuous
Vent opening and other openings in the roof . . . . . . . . . . . Primary
Flanges and overfilling of the tank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Secondary

PRODUCT
Flash point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Below process and
ambient temperature
Vapor density . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Greater than air
*Within the tank and the sump, low.

Taking into account relevant parameters, the following are typical values which will be
obtained for this example:
a = 3 m from vent openings;
b = 3 m above the roof;
c = 3 m horizontally from the tank.
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Examples of IEC Hazardous Area Classifications
15.9 TANK CAR FILLING INSTALLATION
Outdoors for gasoline

Principal factors which influence the type and extent of zones

PLANT AND PROCESS

Ventilation
Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Natural
Degree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medium
Availability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Poor

Source of release Grade of release

Openings in tank roof . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary
Spillage at ground level . . . . . . . . . . Secondary

PRODUCT
Flash point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Below process and ambient temperature
Vapor density . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Greater than air

Taking into account relevant parameters, the following are typical values which will
be obtained for this example:
a = 1.5 m horizontally from source of release;
b = horizontally to island boundary;
c = 1.5 m above source of release;
d = 1 m above ground level;
e = 4.5 m horizontally from drainage channel;
f = 1.5 m horizontally from zone 1;
g = 1.0 m above zone 1.

NOTE – If the system is a closed system with vapor recovery, the distances can be
reduced, such that zone 1 may be of negligible extent and zone 2 significantly reduced.