FluidTI 89 92 Voyage HuAir Docu Eng

HOCHSCHULE ZITTAU/GÖRLITZ
( FH) - Univer sit y of Appl ied Sciences
Faculty of
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Department of
TECHNICAL THERMODYNAMICS
Property Software for

Humid Air
FluidTI
for TI 89, TI 92, and
TI Voyage 200
Prof. Hans-Joachim Kretzschmar

Dr. Ines Stoecker
D. Seibt
R. Krause
Property Software for Humid Air
FluidTI
Student’s version
Contents
1. Property Functions of Humid Air
2. Application of FluidTI for Calculating Humid Air
2.1 Installation on the calculators TI 89, TI 92, TI 92Plus, and TI Voyage 200
2.2 Example: Calculation of hl = f(p,t,xw)
2.3 Removing FluidTI
3. Software Documentation of Humid Air
4. References
________________________________________________________________________
© Zittau/Goerlitz University of Applied Sciences (FH)
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
Department of Technical Thermodynamics
Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. H.-J. Kretzschmar
Dr.-Ing. I. Stoecker
Tel.: +49 3583-61-1846 or -1881
Fax: 03583-61-1847
E-mail: hj.kretzschmar@hs-zigr.de
Internet: www.thermodynamics-zittau.de
Zittau/Goerlitz University of Applied Sciences, Department of Technical Thermodynamics, Professor H.-J. Kretzschmar, Dr. I. Stoecker
1/1
1. Property Functions of Humid Air
Function Name Property Functional Unit

Dependence of the result
Phi_ptxw Relative humidity ϕ = f( p, t , x w ) %
Humidity ratio (absolute humidity) from x w = f( p, t ,ϕ ) kg/kg(air)
xw_ptPhi
temperature and relative humidity
Xiw_xw Mass fraction of water ξ w = f( x w ) kg/kg
Psiw_xw Mole fraction of water ψ w = f( x w ) kmol/kmol
pd_ptxw Partial pressure of steam pd = f( p, t , x w ) MPa
Humidity ratio (absolute humidity) from x w = f( p, t , pd ) kg/kg(air)
xw_ptpd
Partial pressure of steam
xws_pt Saturation humidity ratio x ws = f( p, t ) kg/kg(air)
pds_pt Saturation vapor pressure of water pds = f( p, t ) MPa
tτ_pxw Dew point temperature t τ = f( p, x w ) °C
xw_ptτ Humidity ratio (absolute humidity) from x w = f( p, t τ ) kg/kg(air)

dew point temperature
tf_ptxw Wet bulb temperature t f = f( p, t , x w ) °C
Humidity ratio (absolute humidity) from x w = f( p, t , t f ) kg/kg(air)
xw_pttf
temperature and wet bulb temperature
cp_ptxw Specific isobaric heat capacity c p = f( p, t , x w ) kJ/(kg ⋅ K)
vl_ptxw Air-mass specific volume v l = f( p, t , x w ) m 3 /kg (air)

hl_ptxw Air-mass specific enthalpy hl = f( p, t , x w ) kJ/kg (air)
sl_ptxw Air-mass specific entropy sl = f( p, t , x w ) kJ/(kg(air) ⋅ K)
λ_ptxw Thermal conductivity λ = f( p, t , x w ) W/(m ⋅ K )
Eta_ptxw Dynamic viscosity η = f( p, t , x w ) Pa ⋅ s

Backward function: Temperature from
t_phlxw air-mass specific enthalpy and t = f( p, hl, x w ) °C
humidity ratio (absolute humidity)
Backward function: Temperature from
t_pslxw air-mass specific entropy and humidity t = f( p, sl, x w ) °C
ratio (absolute humidity)
1/2
Parameters
p - Overall pressure in MPa
t - Temperature in °C
xw - Absolute humidity in kg steam/kg(air) dry air
ϕ - Relative humidity (only defined for unsaturated humid air)

xls - Liquid fraction in kg liquid droplets / kg liquid droplets and
ice crystals
Input only when calculating fog with a temperature of t = 0.01 °C (mixture of liquid
fog and ice fog at t = 0.01 °C exactly)
xls = 1 when calculating liquid fog
xls = 0 when calculating ice fog
0 < xls < 1 when calculating a mixture of liquid fog and ice fog
Range of validity
Temperature t = -30 °C ... 800 °C

Pressure p = 0.0006112 MPa ... 2 MPa
Calculation algorithms
Unsaturated and saturated humid air ( x w ≤ x ws )

- ideal gas mixture of dry air and steam
- vl according to an ideal equation of mixture of gases
- hl, sl corresponding to the cp=const model
- λ, η corresponding to mixture model of Brandt [15]
Liquid mist ( x w > x ws ) and t ≥ 0.01 °C

- ideal mixture of saturated humid air and water liquid
- v, h, s of liquid droplets from IAPWS-IF97 [1], [2], [3], [4]
- cp of liquid droplets as constant value
- λ, η of liquid drops from IAPWS-85 [6], [7] - Mixture of volume fractions
Ice fog ( x w > x ws ) and t ≤ 0.01 °C

- ideal mixture of saturated humid air and water ice
- v, cp of ice crystals as constant values
- λ, η of saturated humid air
Mixture of liquid fog and ice fog ( x w > x ws ) at (x w > x ws ) t = 0.01 °C exactly
- ideal mixture of saturated humid air, water liquid and water ice
2/1
2. Application of FluidTI for Calculating

Humid Air
2.1 Installation of FluidTI on the calculators TI 89, TI 92, TI 92 Plus,
and TI Voyage 200
The "FluidTI" program will be copied onto the pocket calculator with the help of a link
program and the appropriate link cord.
You can acquire the software needed on buying the TI calculator or in the Internet at the
address http://www.ti.com/calc/docs/link.htm. The link cord necessary can be bought as
accessory e. g. from Böttcher Datentechnik GmbH
http://www.boettcher-datentechnik.de/.
The following description applies to the link programs
TI-Graph-Link® and TI-Connect®,
whereas the particular program must be installed. If you are using other link programs you
have to take the steps for data transfer from the appropriate instructions manual or online
help.
1. Insert the FluidTI floppy disk in the floppy drive of your computer. It contains the group
files listed in the following table:
TI-Model TI 89 TI 92 TI 92Plus TI Voyage 200
with memory
extension
File HuAir89.89g HuAir92E.92g HuAir92P.9xg HuAirVoyage200.9xg
2. For the installation and working with the program it is necessary that the language of the
TI-calculator is set to English. If this is not the case, you can change the language
corresponding to the following description:
- Press the <MODE> key
- Press the <F3> key
The language currently set is displayed next to "Language".
- Open the "Language" menu by pressing the right direction key
You will now see all available languages on your TI-calculator
- Select the language "English" with the help of the direction keys
- Confirm your selected language by pressing the <ENTER> key
- Confirm your selection again by pressing the <ENTER> key
3. Connect your TI-calculator to your computer by plugging the link cord in a free serial
interface (mostly COM2 or USB) and the phono connector in the pocket calculator.
If you wish to use the TI-Connect® link program for data transfer, please follow subsection 5.
2/2
4. Data Transfer using the TI-Graph-Link® Program

a) Run the TI-Graph-Link® program on your computer.
Click on "Link" in the upper menu bar and then select "Send…".
Search and click the letter of your floppy disk drive in the "Drives:" window.
The group file belonging to your TI model appears in the "File name:" window.
Considering the table above click on the file belonging to your model and afterwards
click the "Add" button. The group file and the drive letter will be shown in the "Selected
files:" window.
Highlight the square "Retain folder" by clicking on it.
Click the "OK" button.
Now, the data transfer from the computer to your pocket calculator begins. You will
now see the files which have been copied. The directory FLUIDTI will be created on
your TI and afterwards the appropriate program files of the group file will be copied into
it.
b) Click the "OK" button to confirm the "Finished" notification which appears on your
computer screen. You have now finished installation of FluidTI on your pocket
calculator.
If the copying process has failed, the following errors are possible:
- TI has not been connected or switched on when the TI-Graph-Link program had
been started
- The TI cursor was not placed in the command line
- A wrong cord has been used
- The connectors are not plugged in properly
- A wrong interface is set (menu item "Link")
c) In order to run the program, navigate into the "fluidti" directory by pressing <MODE>
and select the entry "fluidti" in the field "Current Folder" by pressing the right direction
key. Confirm your selection by pressing the <ENTER> key. Now, "fluidti" flashes in the
"Current Folder" field.
Confirm again by pressing <ENTER>. In the lower left edge of the screen you will now
see "FLUIDTI".
Now, type "huair()" and confirm your entry by pressing the <ENTER> key.
Now, proceed as described in section "2.2 Example: …".
5. Data Transfer Using the TI-Connect® Program

a) Run the TI-Connect® program on your computer.
Click on "DeviceExplorer".
In some cases, the "TI Communication Settings" menu will be opened. You will see the
name of your TI calculator, the name of the cord and the port which will be used for the
cord. Check if everything is correct and confirm by clicking the "OK" button.
In the following window you will see the directory tree with the programs of the
connected TI calculator.
2/3
Click on "Tools" in the upper menu bar and then select "GroupExplorer".
Search the letter of your floppy drive in the main window and click on the "+" next to the
drive name.
Below the name of the floppy drive you will now see the group files.
Considering the table above, left click the file belonging to your model.
Now, right-click the item in order to open the pop-up menu. Within the menu click on
"Send To Device".
Now, the data transfer from the computer to your pocket calculator begins. You will
now see the files which have been copied on your computer screen.
The directory FLUIDTI will be created on your TI and afterwards the appropriate
program files of the group file will be copied into it.
You have now finished installation of FluidTI on your TI-pocket calculator.
b) If the copying process has failed, the following errors are possible:
- TI has not been connected or switched on when the TI-Graph-Link program had
been started
- The TI cursor was not placed in the command line
- A wrong cord has been used
- The connectors are not plugged in properly
- A wrong interface is set (menu item "Link")
c) In order to run the program, navigate into the "fluidti" directory by pressing <MODE>
and select the entry "fluidti" in the field "Current Folder" by pressing the right direction
key. Confirm your selection by pressing the <ENTER> key. Now, "fluidti" flashes in the
"Current Folder" field.
Confirm again by pressing <ENTER>. In the lower left edge of the screen you will now
see "FLUIDTI".
Now, proceed as described in section "2.2 Example: …". ..."
2/4
2.2 Example Calculation of hl = f(p,t,xw)
We will now calculate, step by step, the air-mass specific enthalpy hl as a function of given
mixture pressure p, given temperature t and given absolute humidity xw for humid air.
Please carry out the following instructions:

- For the installation and working with the program it is necessary that the language of the
TI-calculator is set to English. If this is not the case, you can change the language
corresponding to the description in section "2.1 Installation of FluidTI...".
- In order to run the program, navigate into the "fluidti" directory by pressing <MODE> and
select the entry "fluidti" in the field "Current Folder" by pressing the right direction key.
Confirm your selection by pressing the <ENTER> key. Now, "fluidti" flashes in the
"Current Folder" field. Confirm again by pressing <ENTER>. In the lower left edge of the
screen you will now see "FLUIDTI".
- Leave the start screen by pressing <ENTER>.
You will see the main menu:
Press the right direction key to open the "Function" menu which contains the calculable
property functions. You will see the following menu:
- Select the menu item "hl_ptxw" with the help of the direction keys and confirm your
selection by pressing the <ENTER> key.
- The chosen function "hl_ptxw" flashes next to "Function". Confirm again by pressing
<ENTER>. The following menu appears, in which you can enter the given values.
2/5
- Enter the value for p in MPa into the appropriate window. Please consider the range of
validity:
p = 0.0006112 MPa ... 2 MPa
Æ e. g.: Enter the value 0.1 using the point as decimal point and move the cursor into
the field below with the help of the direction keys.
- Enter the value for t in °C into the appropriate window. Please consider the range of
validity:
t = - 30 °C ... 800 °C
Æ e. g.: Enter the value 25 and move the cursor into the field below with the help of the
direction keys.
- You now have to enter the value for the absolute humidity xw in kg steam / kg dry air into
the appropriate window.
Æ e. g.: Enter the value 0.01 and press the <ENTER> key.
- Confirm all your inputs again by pressing <ENTER>.
While calculation is carried out, you will see the BUSY-sign.
- After the calculation is finished, the result for hl in kJ/kg(air) relating to the mass of dry air
will be shown on the screen.
Æ The result in our sample calculation here is: hl = 50.7137 kJ/kg(air).

The calculation of hl = f(p,t,xw) has thus been completed.
It is now possible to save the calculated value for hl in a variable. Afterwards you can
calculate with this variable in other calculations within or outside FluidTI.
Æ e. g.: Enter the name "hl" within the "save as:" window and confirm it by pressing the
<ENTER> key twice.
Now, the calculated value is saved within the variable hl and is available in the FLUIDTI
directory.
2/6
Note: You can arbitrarily choose the name of the variable. It should merely not begin with
the sign ω (omega) and it should not bear the name of a system variable (cp. TI
manual). Generally, variables used within the FLUIDTI directory should not begin
with the sign ω.
Your calculator will now show the main menu again.
Close FluidTI by pressing the <ESC> key.
2/7
2.3 Removing FluidTI
Please carry out the following instructions for the pocket calculators TI 89, TI 92, TI 92 Plus,
and TI Voyage 200.
1. Open the "Var-Link-Menu" by pressing the <2nd> key and then the < - > key (but not <(-
)> ). You will see the following menu:
2. Locate the FluidTI directory with the cursor. The following files belong to this directory.
Move the cursor to the "airdat1" file and highlight it by pressing the <F4> key. A check
mark will appear in front of the file.
Repeat this highlight procedure for the files "airdat2", "airdat3", and "huair".
3. Press the <F1> key. The "Manage" menu appears. Select "UnLock Variable" with the
cursor and confirm this selection by pressing <ENTER>.
4. Deletion is carried out by opening the "Manage" menu again pressing <F1>, then select
the option "Delete" with the cursor and confirm by pressing <ENTER>. Confirm the
following query by pressing <ENTER> again.
Now FluidTI for humid air has been removed.
5. Leave the Var-Link menu by pressing the <ESC> key.
3/1
3. Software Documentation of Humid Air

Relative humidity ϕ = f(p,t,xw)
Name in FluidTI:
Phi_ptxw
Input Values:
p - Overall pressure p in MPa
t - Temperature t in °C
xw - Humidity ratio (Absolute humidity) xw in kgwater / kgair
Result:
Phi_ptxw - relative humidity
Range of validity:
Temperature t: from - 30°C to tcrit = 373.946°C (critical temperature of water)
Pressure p: from 0.0006112 MPa to 2 MPa
Humdity ratio (Absolute humidity) xw: from 0 kg/kg to x ws (p,t)
Comments:
xw p
Relative humidity ϕ =
Rl pds (t )
+ xw
Rw
with pds = ps ( t) for t ≥ 0.01°C - Vapor pressure of water

pds = psub ( t) for t < 0.01°C - Sublimation pressure of water
Results for wrong input values:

Phi_ptxw = - 1
References:
ps (t) corresponding to IAPWS-IF97 [1], [2], [3], [4] ]
psub (t) corresponding to IAPWS -93 [5]
3/2
Humidity ratio (Absolute humidity) from Temperature and

Relative Humidity xw = f(p,t,ϕ)
Name in FluidTI:
xw_ptPhi
Input Values:
Phi - relative humidity in %
Result:
xw_ptPhi - Humidity ratio (Absolute humidity) in kgwater / kgair
Range of validity:
Temperature t: from - 30°C to tcrit = 373.946°C (critical temperature of water)
relative humidity ϕ from 0 to 100 %
Comments:
Rl ϕ pds (t )
Humidity ratio (Absolute humidity) xw =
Rw p − ϕ pds (t )
with pds (t) = ps (t) for t ≥ 0.01°C - Vapor pressure of water
pds (t) = psub (t) for t < 0.01°C - Sublimation pressure of water

xw_ptPhi = - 1
References:
3/3
Mass fraction of water ξw = f(xw)
Name in FluidTI:
Xiw_xw
Input Values:
Result:
Xiw_xw - Mass fraction of water in kgwater/ kg
Range of validity:
Humdity ratio (Absolute humidity) xw: greater than or equal to 0 kgwater/kgair
Comments:
xw
Mass fraction of water ξ w =
1 + xw

Xiw_xw = - 1
3/4
Mole fraction of water ψw = f(xw)
Name in FluidTI:
Psiw_xw
Input Values:
Result:
Psiw_xw - Mole fraction of water in kmolwater / kmol
Range of validity:
Humdity ratio (Absolute humidity) xw: greater as or equal to 0 kgwater/kgair
Comments:
Rw x w
Mole fraction of water ψ w =
R (1 + x w )

Psiw_xw = - 1
3/5
Partial pressure of steam pd = f(p,t,xw)
Name in FluidTI:
pd_ptxw
Input Values:
Result:
pd_ptxw - Partial pressure of steam in MPa
Range of validity:
Temperature t: from -30°C to 800°C
Comments:
xw
Partial pressure of steam pd = p for x w ≤ x ws (p,t)
Rl
+ xw
Rw
for x w > x ws (p,t ) result pd = pds (t )

pd_ptxw = -1
3/6
Humidity ratio (Absolute humidity) from Partial Pressure of

Steam xw = f(p,t,pd)
Name in FluidTI:
xw_ptpd
Input Values:
pd - Partial pressure of steam in MPa
Result:
xw_ptpd - Humidity ratio (Absolute humidity) in kgwater / kgair
Range of validity:
Partial pressure of water vapor pd : from 0.0006112 MPa to pds (t)
Comments:
Rl pd
Humidity ratio (Absolute humidity) x w =
Rw p − pd

xw_ptpd = - 1
3/7
Saturated humidity ratio xws = f(p,t)
Name in FluidTI:
xws_pt
Input Values:
Result:
xws_pt - Saturated humidity ratio in kgwater / kgair
Range of validity:
Temperature t: from -30°C to tcrit= 373.946 °C (critical temperature of water)
Comments:
Rl pds (t )
Rw p − pds (t )
with pds (t) = ps (t) for t ≥ 0.01°C - Vapor pressure of water
pds (t) = psub (t) for t < 0.01°C - Sublimation pressure of water

xws_pt = - 1
References:
3/8
Saturation Vapor Pressure of Water pds = f(p,t)
Name in FluidTI:
pds_pt
Input Values:
Result:
pds_pt - Saturation vapor pressure of water in MPa
Range of validity:
Temperature t: from -30°C to t s (p) (Boiling temperature of water)
Comments:
Vapor pressure of water pds = ps (t) for t ≥ 0.01°C
Sublimation pressure of water pds = psub (t) for t < 0.01°C

pds_pt = -1
References:
p s ( t ) corresponding to IAPWS-IF97 [1], [2], [3], [4] ]
p sub ( t ) corresponding to IAPWS -93 [5]
3/9
Dew point temperature tτ = f(p,xw)
Name in FluidTI:
tτ_pxw
Input Values:
Result:
tτ_pxw - Dew point temperature in °C
Range of validity:
Humdity ratio (Absolute humidity) xw: greater than or equal to x ws (p, −30°C)
Comments:
Dew point temperature t τ = t s (pd ) for t ≥ 0.01°C (Boiling temperature of water)
t τ = t sub (pd ) for t < 0.01°C (Sublimation temperature of water)

xw
with pd = p
Rl
+ xw
Rw

tτ_pxw = - 1
References:
t s (pd ) corresponding to IAPWS-IF97 [1], [2], [3], [4] ]
t sub (pd ) corresponding to IAPWS -93 [5]
3/10
Humidity ratio (Absolute humidity) from Dew Point Temperature

xw = f(p,tτ)
Name in FluidTI:
xw_ptτ
Input Values:
tτ - Dew point temperature in °C
Result:
xw_ptτ - Humidity ratio (Absolute humidity) in kgwater / kgair
Range of validity:
Dew point temperature tτ: from -30°C to tcrit = 373.946°C (crit. temperature of water)
Comments:
Rl pds (t τ )
Rw p − pds (t τ )
with pds (t τ ) = ps (t τ ) for t τ ≥ 0.01°C - Vapor pressure of water
pds (t τ ) = psub (t τ ) for t τ < 0.01°C - Sublimation pressure of water

xw_ ptτ = - 1
References:
ps (t τ ) corresponding to IAPWS-IF97 [1], [2], [3], [4] ]
psub (t τ ) corresponding to IAPWS -93 [5]
3/11
Wet Bulb Temperature tf = f(p,t,xw)
Name in FluidTI:
tf_ptxw
Input Values:
Result:
tf_ptxw - Wet bulb temperature in °C
Range of validity:
Temperature t: from -30°C to tcrit = 373.946 °C (critical temperature of water)
Comments:
fog
Iteration of tf from hlunsaturated ( p, t , x w ) = hl ( p, t f , x w )

tf_ptxw = - 1
References:
Unsaturated and saturated humid air:
hl corresponding to Baehr [14]
Water droplets in fog:
h corresponding to IAPWS-IF97 [1], [2], [3], [4] ]
3/12
Humidity ratio (Absolute humidity) from Wet Bulb Temperature

xw = f(p,t,tf)
Name in FluidTI:
xw_pttf
Input Values:
tf - Wet bulb temperature in °C
Result:
xw_pttf - Humidity ratio (Absolute humidity) in kgwater / kgair
Range of validity:
Temperature t: from 0.01°C to 800°C
Wet bulb temperature tf : from 0.01°C to the given temperature t
or to ts(p) (Boiling temperature of water)
Comments:
Iteration of xw from hlunsaturated ( p, t, x w ) = hlfog ( p, t f , x w )

xw_pttf = - 1
References:
3/13
Specific Isobaric Heat Capacity cp = f(p,t,xw)
Name in FluidTI:
cp_ptxw
Input Values:
xls - Liquid fraction in kgliquid / kgliquid and ice ( 0 ≤ x ls ≤ 1 )

! Specification only necessary if t = 0.01 °C when calculating a mixture of
liquid frog and ice fog
Result:
cp_pt_igas - Specific Isobaric Heat Capacity cp in kJ/(kg K)
Range of validity:
Humdity ratio (Absolute humidity) xw: greater than or equal to 0 kg/kg
Liquid fraction xls : from 0 kg/kg to 1 kg/kg
Comments:
Model of an ideal mixture

cp_ptxw = -1
References:
3/14
Air-Mass Specific Volume vl = f(p,t,xw)
Name in FluidTI:
vl_ptxw
Input Values:

Result:
vl_ptxw - Air-mass specific volume in m3/kgair
Range of validity:
Humdity ratio (Absolute humidity) xw: greater than or equal to 0 kg/kg
Comments:
Calculation:
- for unsaturated and saturated humid air ( x w ≤ x ws ) as ideal mixture of gases of
dry air and steam
- for fog ( x w > x ws ) as ideal mixture of saturated humid air and
water liquid or water ice

vl_ptxwxls = -1
References:
Specific volume of liquid water corresponding to IAPWS-IF97 [1], [2], [3], [4]
3/15
Air-Mass Specific Enthalpy hl = f(p,t,xw)
Name in FluidTI:
hl_ptxw
Input Values:

Result:
hl_ptxw – air-mass specific enthalpy in kJ/kgair
Range of validity:
Humdity ratio (Absolute humidity) xw: greater than or equal to 0 kg/kgair
Comments:
Calculation:
dry air and steam

hl_ptxw = -1000
References:
3/16
Air-Mass Specific Entropy sl = f(p,t,xw)
Name in FluidTI:
sl_ptxw
Input Values:

Result:
sl_ptxw - air-mass specific entropy in kJ/(kgair K)
Range of validity:
Comments:
Calculation:
dry air and steam

sl_ptxw = - 1000
References:
sl corresponding to Baehr [14]
s corresponding to IAPWS-IF97 [1], [2], [3], [4] ]
3/17
Thermal Conductivity λ = f(p,t,xw)
Name in FluidTI:
λ_ptxw
Input Values:
Result:
λ_ptxw - Thermal Conductivity in W/(m K)
Range of validity:
Comments:
Calculations corresponding to Brandt – Model of ideal mixture

λ_ptxw = -1
References:
λ corresponding to Brandt [15]
λ from IAPWS-85 [6]
3/18
Dynamic Viscosity η = f(p,t,xw)
Name in FluidTI:
Eta_ptxw
Input Values:
Result:
Eta_ptxw - Dynamic Viscosity in Pa s
Range of validity:
Comments:
Calculations corresponding to Brandt – Model of ideal mixture

Eta_ptxw = -1
References:
η corresponding to Brandt [15]
η from IAPWS-85 [7]
3/19
Backward function: Temperature t = f(p,hl,xw)
Name in FluidTI:
t_phlxw
Input Values:
hl - air-mass specific enthalpy in kJ/kg
Result:
t_phlxw - Temperature in °C
Range of validity:
Comments:
Iteration of t from hl ( p, t , x w )

t_phlxw = - 1
References:
3/20
Backward function: t = f(p,sl,xw)
Name in FluidTI:
t_pslxw
Input Values:
sl - air-mass specific entropy in kJ/(kg K)
Result:
t_pslxw - Temperature in °C
Range of validity:
Comments:
Iteration of t from sl ( p, t , x w )

t_pslxw = -1
References:
sl corresponding to Baehr [14]
s corresponding to IAPWS-IF97 [1], [2], [3], [4] ]
4/1
4. References
[1] Release on the IAPWS Industrial Formulation 1997 for the Thermodynamic Properties
of Water and Steam IAPWS-IF97.
IAPWS Sekretariat, Dooley, B, EPRI, Palo Alto CA (1997)
[2] Wagner, W.; Kruse, A.:
Zustandsgrößen von Wasser und Wasserdampf.
Springer-Verlag, Berlin (1998)
[3] Wagner, W.; Cooper, J.R.; Dittmann, A.; Kijima, J.; Kretzschmar, H.-J.; Kruse, A.;
Mares, R.; Oguchi, K.; Sato, H.; Stöcker, I.; Sifner, O.; Takaishi, Y.; Tanishita, I.;
Trübenbach, J.; Willkommen, Th.:
The IAPWS Industrial Formulation 1997 for the Thermodynamic Properties of Water
and Steam.
Journal of Eng. for Gasturbines and Power 122 (2000) Nr. 1, S. 150-182
[4] Wagner, W.; Rukes, B.:
IAPWS-IF97: Die neue Industrie-Formulation.
BWK 50 (1998) Nr. 3, S. 42-97
[5] Kretzschmar, H.-J.:
Mollier h,s-Diagramm.
[6] Revised Release on the IAPS Formulation 1985 for the Thermal Conductivity of
Ordinary Water Substance.
IAPWS Sekretariat, Dooley, B., EPRI, Palo Alto CA, (1997)
[7] Revised Release on the IAPS Formulation 1985 for the Viscosity of Ordinary Water
Substance.
IAPWS Secretariat, Dooley, B., EPRI, Palo Alto CA, (1997)
[8] IAPWS Release on Surface Tension of Ordinary Water Substance 1994.
[9] Kretzschmar, H.-J.; Stöcker, I.; Willkommen, Th.; Trübenbach, J.; Dittmann, A.:
Supplementary Equations v(p,T) for the Critical Region to the New Industrial
Formulation IAPWS-IF97 for Water and Steam.
in: Steam, Water and Hydrothermal Systems: Physics and Chemistry Meeting the
Needs of Industry, Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on the Properties
of Water and Steam, Eds. P.G. Hill et al., NRC Press, Ottawa, 2000
[10] Kretzschmar, H.-J.; Stöcker, I.; Knobloch, K.; Trübenbach, J.; Willkommen, Th.;
Dittmann, A.; Friend, D.:
Supplementary Backward Equations p(h,s) to the Industrial Formulation IAPWS-IF97
for Water and Steam.
Journal of Engineering for Gasturbines and Power - in Vorbereitung
[11] Release on the IAPWS Formulation 1995 for the Thermodynamic Properties of
Ordinary Water Substance for General and Scientific Use.
[12] Grigull, U.:
Properties of Water and Steam in SI Units.
4/2
[13] Kretzschmar, H.-J.:

Zur Aufbereitung und Darbietung thermophysikalischer Stoffdaten für die
Energietechnik.
Habilitation, TU Dresden, Fakultät Maschinenwesen (1990)
[14] Baehr, H.D.; Diederichsen, Ch.:
Berechnungsgleichungen für Enthalpie und Entropie der Komponenten von Luft und
Verbrennungsgasen.
BWK 40 (1988) Nr. 1/2, S. 30-33
[15] Brandt, F.:
Wärmeübertragung in Dampferzeugern und Wärmetauschern.
FDBR-Fachbuchreihe, Bd. 2, Vulkan Verlag Essen (1985)
[16] Release on the IAPS Formulation 1985 for the Thermal Conductivity of Ordinary Water
Substance.
[17] Release on the IAPS Formulation 1985 for the Viscosity of Ordinary Water Substance.
IAPWS Secretariat, Dooley, B., EPRI, Palo Alto CA, (1985)
[18] Release on Surface Tension of Ordinary Water Substance 1975.
[19] VDI-Wärmeatlas, 7. Auflage.
VDI-Verlag, Düsseldorf (1995)
[20] Blanke,W.:
Thermophysikalische Stoffgrößen.
[21] VDI-Richtlinie 4670 - Thermodynamische Stoffwerte von feuchter Luft und
Verbrennungsgasen.
VDI-Handbuch Energietechnik, Düsseldorf (2000)

FluidTI 89 92 Voyage HuAir Docu Eng

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HOCHSCHULE ZITTAU/GÖRLITZ

( FH) - Univer sit y of Appl ied Sciences

Property Software for

Prof. Hans-Joachim Kretzschmar

1. Property Functions of Humid Air

Function Name Property Functional Unit

xw_ptτ Humidity ratio (absolute humidity) from x w = f( p, t τ ) kg/kg(air)

vl_ptxw Air-mass specific volume v l = f( p, t , x w ) m 3 /kg (air)

sl_ptxw Air-mass specific entropy sl = f( p, t , x w ) kJ/(kg(air) ⋅ K)

λ_ptxw Thermal conductivity λ = f( p, t , x w ) W/(m ⋅ K )

Eta_ptxw Dynamic viscosity η = f( p, t , x w ) Pa ⋅ s

ϕ - Relative humidity (only defined for unsaturated humid air)

Temperature t = -30 °C ... 800 °C

Unsaturated and saturated humid air ( x w ≤ x ws )

Liquid mist ( x w > x ws ) and t ≥ 0.01 °C

Ice fog ( x w > x ws ) and t ≤ 0.01 °C

2. Application of FluidTI for Calculating

4. Data Transfer using the TI-Graph-Link® Program

5. Data Transfer Using the TI-Connect® Program

2.2 Example Calculation of hl = f(p,t,xw)

Please carry out the following instructions:

Æ The result in our sample calculation here is: hl = 50.7137 kJ/kg(air).

2.3 Removing FluidTI

3. Software Documentation of Humid Air

with pds = ps ( t) for t ≥ 0.01°C - Vapor pressure of water

Results for wrong input values:

psub (t) corresponding to IAPWS -93 [5]

Humidity ratio (Absolute humidity) from Temperature and

Results for wrong input values:

psub (t) corresponding to IAPWS -93 [5]

Mass fraction of water ξw = f(xw)

Results for wrong input values:

Mole fraction of water ψw = f(xw)

Results for wrong input values:

Partial pressure of steam pd = f(p,t,xw)

for x w > x ws (p,t ) result pd = pds (t )

Results for wrong input values:

Humidity ratio (Absolute humidity) from Partial Pressure of

Results for wrong input values:

Saturated humidity ratio xws = f(p,t)

Results for wrong input values:

psub (t) corresponding to IAPWS -93 [5]

Saturation Vapor Pressure of Water pds = f(p,t)

Pressure p: from 0.0006112 MPa to 2 MPa

Results for wrong input values:

p sub ( t ) corresponding to IAPWS -93 [5]

Dew point temperature tτ = f(p,xw)

t τ = t sub (pd ) for t < 0.01°C (Sublimation temperature of water)

Results for wrong input values:

t sub (pd ) corresponding to IAPWS -93 [5]

Humidity ratio (Absolute humidity) from Dew Point Temperature

Results for wrong input values:

psub (t τ ) corresponding to IAPWS -93 [5]

Wet Bulb Temperature tf = f(p,t,xw)

Results for wrong input values:

Humidity ratio (Absolute humidity) from Wet Bulb Temperature

Iteration of xw from hlunsaturated ( p, t, x w ) = hlfog ( p, t f , x w )

Results for wrong input values:

Specific Isobaric Heat Capacity cp = f(p,t,xw)

xls - Liquid fraction in kgliquid / kgliquid and ice ( 0 ≤ x ls ≤ 1 )

Results for wrong input values:

Air-Mass Specific Volume vl = f(p,t,xw)

xls - Liquid fraction in kgliquid / kgliquid and ice ( 0 ≤ x ls ≤ 1 )