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Fourth Quarter 2010 Report s Vol. 6, No. 4 QUARTERLY
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Foreword
November 2010
Dear Readers,
We heard from more than a few CCIM members who attended the CCIM 2010 conference in Orlando last month
that the investment climate for commercial real estate is more uncertain than what the majority of us have seen
in our lifetime. The troubling thing about this situation is that we do not see the economy or the investment envi-
ronment improving significantly for quite some time. As noted at the ReFocus event in Orlando, one thing we can
do, however, is to face the reality of a very sluggish economy with slow job growth, and to reset our expectations.
It is going to take time to work through the various challenges that we are facing, including repricing and further
deleveraging.
RERC’s research and analysis indicates that we are seeing some improvement in total volume and pricing on a
12-month trailing basis for all property types. The great majority of the increases in total volume and pricing oc-
curred in transactions greater than $5 million. However, for those transactions that totaled less than $5 million,
volume increased only slightly, and in fact, the size-weighted average price per square foot/unit declined for all
property types. The increases in top-tier property prices, juxtaposed with deteriorating pricing for properties at the
lower-tier levels, is in keeping with the mixed views we are seeing in returns versus risk and in value versus price
ratings, and as outlined in this issue of the RERC/CCIM Investment Trends Quarterly.
We would also like to take this opportunity to thank all of you who responded to RERC’s research surveys. The
comments and the raw data you share provide solid insight into the state of the commercial real estate market
and to the returns we can expect, and we appreciate your contributions.
Sincerely,
Investment Trends Quarterly s Copyright© 2010 by Real Estate Research Corporation (RERC) and the CCIM Institute. 1
Investment Environment
It is a relief to have the answers to some of the questions we improve, at least for some property types and investment
have been concerned about over the past few months. The arenas, as reported herein. The challenge for investors re-
recession has been declared officially over, we know the mains—finding the right properties at the right price with the
outcome of the mid-term elections, and we now know the best return potential.
Federal Reserve will be purchasing $600 billion of additional
treasuries over the next 8 months to help the economy grow.
Economic Highlights
Economy Remains Sluggish High Unemployment Continues
According to the National Bureau of Economic Research The 14 months of unemployment at 9.5 percent or higher is
(NBER), the recession officially ended in June 2009. U.S. the longest period of unemployment at this high a rate since
gross domestic product (GDP) growth has been positive the U.S. began keeping records in 1948, indicating that high
since that time, although economic activity has definitely employment may very well indeed be a structural change
turned sluggish. The initial estimate of third quarter 2010 to our nation’s economy and workforce. Although we are
growth was 2.0 percent, according to the Commerce De- starting to see positive employment growth, it is not enough
partment, following a revised growth estimate of 1.7 per- to keep up with normal growth in population, let alone make
cent in second quarter. Fears of a double-dip recession may much of a dent in reducing the number of persons who lost
eventually recede, but the slow growth is not enough to af- jobs during the past couple years. As a result, 14.8 million
fect hiring in a meaningful way. workers remain unemployed, and the unemployment rate
remained at 9.6 percent in September 2010, according to
While businesses, consumers, investors, and lenders are the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). Most projections sug-
focusing on deleveraging, there is great concern that our gest that the unemployment rate is likely to climb back up
political leaders are not. The national debt is $13.6 trillion, to 10 percent over the next few months, and remain above
and the deficit for fiscal year 2010 was $1.3 trillion, or 8.9 9 percent throughout 2011. In addition, U-6 unemployment
percent of GDP. increased to 17.1 percent in September.
According to the World Economic Outlook report recently On a statewide basis, payrolls dropped in 34 states in Sep-
issued by the International Monetary Fund (IMF), global tember 2010, with the most jobs lost in California, followed
growth is expected to further slow in 2011, as the industri- by New York, Massachusetts, and New Jersey. According to
alized nations implement various austerity measures and the Labor Department, however, Nevada continued to have
reduce their budgets due to the continuing sovereign debt the highest unemployment rate at 14.4 percent, followed by
crisis. The report noted that among the member nations, Michigan at 13.0 percent, and California at 12.4 percent.
growth prospects in the U.S. were downgraded the most,
falling to 2.3 percent from 2.9 percent, and that “…growth Business sector productivity increased 1.9 percent on an
appears to be slowing as policy stimulus wanes.” Emerging annualized basis, with output increasing 3.0 percent and
markets such as China and India are projected to be the hours working increasing 1.1 percent in third quarter 2010,
growth leaders, with China leading the pack with a growth reported the BLS. In addition, according to the National As-
estimate of 9.6 percent in 2011 (although this, too, is down sociation for Business Economists’ (NABE) quarterly survey
from 10.5-percent growth in 2010). results, business conditions improved during third quarter
Investment Trends Quarterly s Copyright© 2010 by Real Estate Research Corporation (RERC) and the CCIM Institute. 2
compared to second quarter conditions. Many respondents
noted that their firms saw a rise in demand for goods and
services, as well as an increase in business profits, for the
fifth consecutive quarter. This offers one of the more hopeful
signs that hiring may improve in the coming months.
Investment Trends Quarterly s Copyright© 2010 by Real Estate Research Corporation (RERC) and the CCIM Institute. 3
Commercial Real Estate Highlights
Although the majority of the commercial real estate market the past 2 years and the low returns offered with bonds or
continues to struggle, it is important to remember that some cash,makes commercial real estate very attractive by com-
big deals, like the recently planned purchase of Boston’s parison. As demonstrated in Exhibit 1, RERC/CCIM Invest-
John Hancock Tower by Boston Properties, Inc. for $930 ment Trends Quarterly survey respondents rated commer-
million, are occurring in the top tier of the market. Even in cial real estate at 5.6 on a scale of 1 to 10, with 10 being
secondary markets, there have been some remarkable high, compared to the 4.8 rating for cash, and the 4.4 and
property sales, like KBS Realty Advisors’ planned purchase 4.2 respective ratings for stocks and bonds. Despite the
of National City Tower in Louisville, Ky., for approximately relatively high rating for commercial real estate, the rating
$115 million in cash (this building was reported to have sold declined from the previous quarter.
last in 2005 for approximately $95 million).
RERC’s third quarter 2010 institutional investment survey
However, conditions in the market for most investors, remain respondents recommended that investors continue to hold
“subdued,” stated the Federal Reserve in their Oct. 20, 2010 commercial real estate properties. However at 6.6 on a
issue of the Beige Book. Rental rates have been declining, scale of 1 to 10, with 10 being high, the hold recommenda-
except in the apartment sector, although there have been tion in third quarter was slightly lower than the 6.8 rating in
some reports of slight increases in leasing activity among the second quarter. In addition, survey respondents posted
all the major property types. Property sales have been low, higher buy and sell recommendations in third quarter over
with the exception of distressed property sales, which re- the previous quarter’s recommendations. Exhibit 2 shows
main strong in some districts. With demand for commercial how the gap between buyers, sellers, and those holding
loans remaining weak and loan standards remaining tight, commercial real estate continues to narrow.
little lending activity occurred during third quarter.
On a property-type basis, the apartment sector continued
Community Banks Continue to Struggle to receive the highest investment conditions rating during
third quarter 2010. At 6.0 on a scale of 1 to 10, with 10 being
New banking regulations have required financial institutions high, the apartment sector’s rating easily outscored the rat-
to increase future protections against unexpected losses ing for the industrial sector, which received a rating of 4.5. As
stemming from a range of banking risks, from residential shown in Exhibit 3, the retail sector and hotel sector invest-
mortgages to commercial loans to credit cards. To be es- ment conditions ratings declined to 3.9, while the rating for
tablished gradually over the next several years in the U.S., the office sector was lowest, falling to 3.8. With the excep-
the Basel III regulations will require banks to hold a higher tion of the apartment sector, all of the property sectors con-
level of capital to protect against future losses. Instead of the tinued to receive a rating below 5.0, indicating their general
4 percent currently required, most banks will be increasing weakness. In addition, the apartment and industrial sectors
their holdings to about 7 percent. were the only property sectors whose ratings increased dur-
ing third quarter.
This is not expected to be too difficult for large banks, which
largely have recovered from the credit difficulties they ex- According to CCIM members, the return versus risk rating
perienced during the past few years. However, small banks for commercial real estate overall fell to 4.9 on a scale of
continue to struggle with bad loans. According to the Federal 1 to 10, with 10 being high, during third quarter 2010. This
Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), the amount of loan
balances that are 90-days past due declined by 5.3 percent
Exhibit 1. CCIM Respondents Rate Investments
in large banks during second quarter 2010, but increased at
community banks during the same period. The FDIC also 3Q 2010 2Q 2010
reports that the number of “problem” banks increased to 829
during second quarter 2010, and that from January through Commercial Real Estate 5.6 6.1
October of this year, 139 banks have failed. Stocks 4.4 4.5
Investment Trends Quarterly s Copyright© 2010 by Real Estate Research Corporation (RERC) and the CCIM Institute. 4
decline negates the improvement to 5.4 from the previous
quarter, as reflected in Exhibit 4, and indicates that respon- Exhibit 2. RERC Historical Buy, Sell, Hold Recommendations
dents are generally less confident in commercial real estate 10 10
In fact, the return versus risk ratings for all the property types
6
fell or remained flat during third quarter 2010, indicating that
6
Rating
CCIM members have less confidence in the return prospects 4 4
of these property types. At 6.2 on a scale of 1 to 10, with 10 Hold
being high, the return versus risk rating for the apartment 2
Sell
2
Buy
sector remained the highest. Next highest was the industrial
sector, with a return versus risk rating of 4.8. As demonstrat- 0 0
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
ed in Exhibit 4, the apartment and industrial sectors were the
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
3Q
3Q
3Q
3Q
3Q
3Q
3Q
3Q
3Q
3Q
only property types where this rating remained unchanged. Ratings are based on a scale of 1 to 10, where 1 is poor and 10 is excellent.
In general, the amount of risk involved in investing in these Source: RERC Institutional Investment Survey, 3Q 2010.
property types (with the exception of the apartment sector)
significantly outweighs the return one can expect.
Regarding the value versus price of commercial real estate, Exhibit 3. Real Estate Investment Conditions Ratings
ratings were mixed during third quarter 2010, indicating that 3Q 2Q 1Q 4Q 3Q
CCIM members felt that the value of commercial property 2010 2010 2010 2009 2009
is very uncertain and is barely equal to its price. As shown Office 3.8 4.0 3.8 3.8 3.8
in Exhibit 4, the value versus price rating of real estate fell
Industrial 4.5 4.4 4.2 4.1 4.3
slightly to 5.1 on a scale of 1 to 10, with 10 being high, during
third quarter 2010. Retail 3.9 4.2 3.7 3.8 3.8
Apartment 6.0 5.9 5.5 5.4 5.5
With respect to the value versus price rating of the specific
Hotel 3.9 4.2 3.8 3.8 3.6
property types, the apartment sector continued to receive
Ratings are based on a scale of 1 to 10, where 1 is poor and 10 is excellent.
the highest rating, increasing to 5.4 on a scale of 1 to 10, Source: RERC/CCIM Investment Trends Quarterly Survey, 3Q 2010.
with 10 being high, during third quarter 2010. In addition, the
value versus price rating for the retail sector increased to
4.8 from 4.5 in the previous quarter. The value versus price
ratings for the office and industrial sectors held their own
Exhibit 4. Historical Return/Risk and Value/Price Ratings
from the previous quarter, at 4.7 and 5.1, respectively, while 3Q 2010 2Q 2010 1Q 2010 4Q 2009 3Q 2009
the rating for the hotel sector fell to 4.5 during third quarter. Return vs. Risk
The ratings indicate that survey respondents believe that the Overall 4.9 5.4 5.1 4.8 5.0
office, retail, and hotel properties are generally of less value
than their price would indicate. Office 4.1 4.4 4.1 4.1 4.2
Industrial 4.8 4.8 4.7 4.7 4.9
RERC’s transaction analysis showed significantly greater Retail 4.2 4.7 4.1 3.9 4.0
total volume on a 12-month trailing basis during third quar-
Apartment 6.2 6.2 6.1 5.8 5.8
ter 2010. Hotel sector volume showed the largest increase
at nearly 50 percent, while at 15 percent, retail sector vol- Hotel 4.1 4.4 3.9 3.9 3.8
ume increased the least. Compared to previous quarters, Value vs. Price
there was a steady increase in volume of sales greater than Overall 5.1 5.2 5.5 4.7 4.8
$5 million for all of the property sectors during third quar-
ter. However, third quarter volume for transactions of less Office 4.7 4.7 5.0 4.3 4.4
than $5 million remains quite flat compared to the previous Industrial 5.1 5.1 5.0 4.7 5.0
quarter. Retail 4.8 4.5 4.9 4.2 4.4
Apartment 5.4 5.2 5.6 4.9 5.3
The size-weighted average price per square foot/unit for all
transactions held steady or increased for all property types Hotel 4.5 4.7 4.7 4.0 4.1
on a 12-month trailing basis during third quarter 2010. How- Ratings are based on a scale of 1 to 10, where 1 is poor and 10 is excellent.
ever, the size-weighted average price per square foot/unit Source: RERC/CCIM Investment Trends Quarterly Survey, 3Q 2010.
Investment Trends Quarterly s Copyright© 2010 by Real Estate Research Corporation (RERC) and the CCIM Institute. 5
for transactions less than $5 million decreased for
all property types except hotels. The weighted- Exhibit 5. What Do the Financial Markets Tell Us?
average capitalization rate for each of the property
Compounded Annual Rates of Return as of 9/30/2010
sectors declined.
Although we have seen significant improvement Market Indices YTD 1-Year 3-Year 5-Year 10-Year 15-Year
in the stock market during third quarter 2010, our Consumer Price Index1 0.38% 1.20% 1.55% 1.90% 2.32% 2.40%
memories are not so short that we have forgot-
2
ten how quickly stocks can fall. The volatility of 10-Year Treasury Bond 3.33% 3.24% 3.46% 3.97% 4.23% 4.81%
the stock market and the relatively low returns
Dow Jones Industrial Average 0.38% 8.51% -6.96% 2.09% 2.00% 7.52%
of the bond market make the real estate market
even more attractive to investors, especially with NASDAQ Composite3 4.38% 11.60% -4.29% 1.94% -4.29% 5.62%
the continued weakness in the economy. How-
3
ever, by the end of September 2010, the Dow NYSE Composite 1.34% 5.36% -10.15% -0.94% 0.38% 5.39%
Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) rose by nearly 8
percent to 10,788, which was the highest it had S&P 500 3.89% 10.16% -7.16% 0.64% -0.43% 6.45%
been since April, and the Standard & Poor’s (S&P)
NCREIF Index 8.12% 5.84% -4.61% 3.67% 7.25% 8.91%
500 increased to 1,080. As shown by the returns
reported by the National Association of Real Es- NAREIT Index (Equity REITS) 19.10% 30.28% -6.06% 1.88% 10.38% 10.31%
tate Investment Trusts (NAREIT) and the National
Council of Real Estate Investment Fiduciaries 1
Based on the published data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (Seasonally Adjusted).
2
(NCREIF) in Exhibit 5, however, commercial real 3
Based on Average End of Day T-Bond Rates.
Based on Price Index, and does not include the dividend yield.
estate is generally outperforming the major stock
Sources: BLS, Federal Reserve Board, S&P, Dow Jones, NCREIF, NAREIT, compiled by RERC.
market indices as well.
Summary
As the economy continues to struggle and the investment • The housing market remains weak, and the halt in fore-
environment remains uncertain, the commercial real estate closures could hinder the recovery. Many believe that we
market is increasingly divided. Some of the highest prices cannot see a solid recovery in the economy until the dif-
ever are being paid for institutional properties in top-tier mar- ficulties in the residential market are resolved.
kets, while other markets are seeing little or no transaction
activity other than distressed property sales. Economic and • Interestingly, CCIM members lowered their performance
real estate related highlights from third quarter 2010 include: ratings for the economy during third quarter 2010. As
generally noted, the commercial real estate market will
• The fear of a double-dip recession continues. Slow recover after the economy, and although it is expected to
growth is expected to continue for the foreseeable future, be a long time before a recovery becomes widely felt, we
and the unemployment rate is likely to move little from are seeing early signs of it in the commercial real estate
current levels. market.
• The short-term interest rate will remain near zero “for an • With more capital available from some sources and with
extended period,” as the Federal Reserve buys more increased demand for less volatile investments, com-
bonds to stimulate the economy. Yields will decrease, mercial real estate property prices have been rising.
stock and commodity prices (along with inflation) are
likely to increase, and the dollar is expected to weaken. • Various space market experts report that commercial
real estate vacancy will continue to decline next year, as
• Expect investors to head back to the stock market, de- job growth gets underway, new household formations oc-
spite the volatility, if returns continue to climb. cur, and there is a lack of new supply.
Investment Trends Quarterly s Copyright© 2010 by Real Estate Research Corporation (RERC) and the CCIM Institute. 6
Snapshot of Real Estate Market Performance – 3Q 2010
10% 10%
8% 8%
6% 6%
4% 4%
Unemployment
2% 2%
Going-In Cap Rate
Recession
0% 0%
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
20 9
10
3Q 198
3Q 198
3Q 198
3Q 198
3Q 198
3Q 198
3Q 198
3Q 198
3Q 198
3Q 198
3Q 199
3Q 199
3Q 199
3Q 199
3Q 99
3Q 199
3Q 199
3Q 199
3Q 199
3Q 199
3Q 00
3Q 200
3Q 200
3Q 200
3Q 200
3Q 200
3Q 200
3Q 200
3Q 200
3Q 200
1
2
3Q
According to Reis, Inc., vacancy for the office sector increased, while
Office: 17.6%
that for the retail sector remained unchanged during third quarter. In
Industrial: 14.0%
comparison, the apartment sector vacancy rate decreased. The in-
Vacancy Rates Retail: 10.9%
dustrial sector availability rate also fell during third quarter, according
Apartment: 7.1%
to CBRE-EA. Smith Travel Research reported that hotel occupancy in-
Hotel: 64.2% (occupancy)
creased during third quarter.
Investment Trends Quarterly s Copyright© 2010 by Real Estate Research Corporation (RERC) and the CCIM Institute. 7
National Market Analysis
Investment Trends Quarterly s Copyright© 2010 by Real Estate Research Corporation (RERC) and the CCIM Institute. 8
National Market Analysis
Investment Trends Quarterly s Copyright© 2010 by Real Estate Research Corporation (RERC) and the CCIM Institute. 9
National Office Property Sector
RERC Weighted Average Capitalization Rate w Respondents to the RERC/CCIM Investment Trends Quar-
(12-Month Trailing Average) terly survey reported mixed results for the office sector for
9% 9% third quarter 2010. Many respondents stated that the of-
fice sector is a good investment, given its attractive price.
However, other respondents said that due to foreclosures,
8% 8%
weak demand, and lack of absorption, the office sector was
a risky investment. In addition, recovery for this sector is
expected to be slow because of slow job growth and high
vacancy rates.
7% 7%
South West National w Total office sector volume increased 40 percent during
East Midwest
third quarter 2010 on a 12-month trailing basis, which was
6%
3Q09 4Q09 1Q10 2Q10 3Q10
6% the second largest increase among the various property
types. In addition, the size-weighted average price per
square foot of office space increased approximately 5
percent. The weighted-average capitalization rate for the
office sector fell to 6.8 percent, 40 basis points from the
RERC Size-Weighted Average PPSF previous quarter.
(12-Month Trailing Average)
$275
South West National
$275
w In contrast, the office sector volume and size-weighted
East Midwest average prices for transactions that totaled less than $5
$225 $225
million declined slightly on a 12-month trailing basis dur-
ing third quarter 2010. This is an indication of the division
$175 $175
within the commercial real estate market.
$125 $125
w The vacancy rate for the office sector rose by 20 basis
points to 17.6 percent during third quarter 2010, according
$75 $75
to Reis, Inc. This is the highest vacancy rate since 1993.
Net absorption was negative, and effective rent fared bet-
$25 $25
3Q09 4Q09 1Q10 2Q10 3Q10 ter than asking rent.
$300 $300
$200 $200
$100 $100
$0 $0
3Q09 4Q09 1Q10 2Q10 3Q10
Investment Trends Quarterly s Copyright© 2010 by Real Estate Research Corporation (RERC) and the CCIM Institute. 10
National Industrial Property Sector
RERC Weighted Average Capitalization Rate w According to the RERC/CCIM Investment Trends Quar-
(12-Month Trailing Average) terly survey respondents, the industrial sector is a good
9.0% 9.0% investment option. Some respondents stated that industri-
al property tenants are becoming confident enough to ex-
pand their space usage because the economy is starting
8.5% 8.5%
to improve. In addition, there is also less risk and fair pric-
ing associated with this property type. Another positive
8.0% 8.0% sign is that according to the Federal Reserve’s October
20, 2010 Beige Book, manufacturing activity continues to
strengthen, with production and new orders rising across
7.5% 7.5%
South West National most districts.
East Midwest
7.0%
3Q09 4Q09 1Q10 2Q10 3Q10
7.0% w Total transaction volume for the industrial sector rose
nearly 25 percent on a 12-month trailing basis during third
quarter 2010. This was the first significant increase since
volume began leveling out for this property type during first
quarter 2009. The size-weighted average price per square
RERC Size-Weighted Average PPSF foot of industrial space continued to trend upward, while
(12-Month Trailing Average) the weighted-average capitalization rate declined to 8.2
$100
South West National
$100
percent.
East Midwest
$100 $100
$75 $75
$50 $50
$25 $25
3Q09 4Q09 1Q10 2Q10 3Q10
Investment Trends Quarterly s Copyright© 2010 by Real Estate Research Corporation (RERC) and the CCIM Institute. 11
National Retail Property Sector
RERC Weighted Average Capitalization Rate w CCIM members generally considered the retail property
(12-Month Trailing Average) sector to be a reliable investment during third quarter,
10% 10% according to respondents to RERC/CCIM’s Investment
South West National Trends Quarterly survey. Several respondents said that
East Midwest the retail sector was in demand and pricing was good.
9% 9% However, the outlook for this sector remains uncertain be-
cause it depends greatly upon consumer confidence and
spending, which is shaky. Job growth is also essential for
8% 8%
the retail sector to recover.
RERC Size-Weighted Average PPSF w As stated above, the size-weighted average price of retail
(12-Month Trailing Average) property where sales transactions were greater than $5
$200 $200 million increased during third quarter. However, the size-
South West National weighted average price for retail properties where transac-
$175
Midwest
$175 tions that were less than $5 million declined.
East
$150 $150 w The vacancy rate for the retail property sector remained
unchanged at 10.9 percent during third quarter 2010, ac-
$125 $125
cording to Reis, Inc. Asking and effective rents also re-
$100 $100
mained unchanged from the previous quarter. Absorption
became slightly positive during third quarter; this is the first
$75 $75 time since the end of 2007 that absorption in this sector
has been positive.
$50 $50
3Q09 4Q09 1Q10 2Q10 3Q10
$250 $250
$200 $200
$150 $150
$100 $100
3Q09 4Q09 1Q10 2Q10 3Q10
Investment Trends Quarterly s Copyright© 2010 by Real Estate Research Corporation (RERC) and the CCIM Institute. 12
National Apartment Property Sector
RERC Weighted Average Capitalization Rate w Respondents to the RERC/CCIM’s Investment Trends
(12-Month Trailing Average) Quarterly survey said that the apartment sector continues
8.0% 8.0% to be the most popular property type among commercial
real estate investors again during third quarter 2010, as
7.5% 7.5% noted by the increased number of property sales. In addi-
tion, apartment sector pricing has increased, which reflects
7.0% 7.0% higher demand, lower vacancy rates, and increasing rents.
$150,000 $150,000
$100,000 $100,000
$50,000 $50,000
$0 $0
3Q09 4Q09 1Q10 2Q10 3Q10
Investment Trends Quarterly s Copyright© 2010 by Real Estate Research Corporation (RERC) and the CCIM Institute. 13
National Hotel Property Sector
RERC Weighted Average Capitalization Rate w According to respondents to the survey for the RERC/CCIM
(12-Month Trailing Average) Investment Trends Quarterly, the hotel sector is improving
9.5% 9.5% and deals can be found. Purchases have been increasing
more rapidly for hotels than for office buildings, shopping
9.0% 9.0% centers, and other types of commercial property, although
some respondents noted that many hotel deals are for dis-
8.5% 8.5% tressed assets.
RERC Size-Weighted Average PPU w The size-weighted average price per hotel unit for trans-
(12-Month Trailing Average) actions that were greater than $2 million increased on a
$150,000
South West National
$150,000
12-month trailing basis during third quarter 2010. In compar-
East Midwest ison, the size-weighted average price per hotel unit among
$125,000 $125,000
transactions that totaled less than $2 million fell 10 percent.
$100,000 $100,000
w Hotel sector occupancy rose 7.5 percent to 64.2 percent in
$75,000 $75,000
September 2010, according to Smith Travel Research. The
average daily rate (ADR) increased 2.6 percent to $103.09.
$50,000 $50,000
Likewise, the revenue per available room (RevPAR) was up
10.3 percent to $108.57.
$25,000 $25,000
3Q09 4Q09 1Q10 2Q10 3Q10
$200,000 $200,000
$150,000 $150,000
$100,000 $100,000
$50,000 $50,000
$0 $0
3Q09 4Q09 1Q10 2Q10 3Q10
Investment Trends Quarterly s Copyright© 2010 by Real Estate Research Corporation (RERC) and the CCIM Institute. 14
East Region
Tr a n s a c t i o n B r e a k d o w n
Investment Trends Quarterly s Copyright© 2010 by Real Estate Research Corporation (RERC) and the CCIM Institute. 15
South Region
Tr a n s a c t i o n B r e a k d o w n
Investment Trends Quarterly s Copyright© 2010 by Real Estate Research Corporation (RERC) and the CCIM Institute. 16
Midwest Region
Tr a n s a c t i o n B r e a k d o w n
Investment Trends Quarterly s Copyright© 2010 by Real Estate Research Corporation (RERC) and the CCIM Institute. 17
We s t R e g i o n
Tr a n s a c t i o n B r e a k d o w n
Investment Trends Quarterly s Copyright© 2010 by Real Estate Research Corporation (RERC) and the CCIM Institute. 18
GDP FOMC Policy Decisions
9 9 7 7
Discount Rate
7 7
Percent Change Quarter Ago
6 6
Fed Funds Rate
5 5
5 5
3 3
Percent
4 4
1 1
3 3
-1 -1
2 2
-3 -3
-5 -5 1 1
-7 -7 0 0
1Q 000
3Q 001
1Q 001
3Q 002
1Q 002
3Q 003
1Q 003
3Q 004
1Q 004
3Q 005
1Q 005
3Q 006
1Q 006
3Q 007
1Q 007
3Q 008
1Q 008
3Q 009
1Q 009
3Q 010
10
No -02
O -0 3
No -04
O -0 6
O -0 7
Ja 00
M -0 1
M -0 2
Ap 04
M -0 5
J u 08
S e 10
10
No 05
D 08
M -0 3
No 01
M -0 6
Ap 07
M 09
O 09
J u 01
20
g-
v-
-
p-
r-
r-
n-
-
n-
n-
ay
ay
ay
ay
ay
v
ec
ar
ct
ct
ct
ct
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Au
3Q
According to the Bureau of Economic Analysis(BEA), real gross domestic product (GDP) The Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) expressed concern about the pace of recovery
growth increased to 2.0 percent on an annualized basis in third quarter 2010, and was revised at its September 2010 meeting, and noted that to boost economic growth and inflation, it will
down to 1.7 percent in second quarter. This was the fifth consecutive quarterly increase. likely provide more quantitative easing. The federal funds rate remained in the 0.0-percent to
Compared to a year ago, GDP increased 3.1%, the largest year-over-year increase since first 0.25-percent range, and the discount rate remained at 0.75 percent. Short-term interest rates
quarter 2005. are not expected to rise until early 2012.
10 10 80 80
8 8 75 75
Percent
Percent
6 6 70 70
4 4 65 65
2 2 60 60
0
ar 0
Ju -01
1
ar 1
Noul-02
2
ar 2
Ju -03
3
ar 3
Noul-04
4
ar 4
Ju -05
5
ar 5
Noul-06
6
ar 6
Ju -07
7
ar 7
Noul-08
8
ar 8
Ju -09
9
ar 9
Ju -10
0
Ja -00
Ju -01
No -01
Ap -01
Se -02
Fe 02
Ju 03
D l-03
M c-03
O -04
M t-04
Au r-05
Ja -05
Ju -06
No -06
Ap -06
Se -07
Fe 07
Ju 08
D l-08
M c-08
O -09
M t-09
Au r-10
10
Noul-0
M v-0
No l-0
M v-0
J -0
M v-0
No l-0
M v-0
J -0
M v-0
No l-0
M v-0
J -0
M v-0
No l-0
M v-0
J -0
M v-0
No l-0
M v-0
l-1
p-
b-
p-
b-
g-
g
n
n
v
r
ay
g
n
n
v
r
ay
a
a
c
c
e
e
Au
J
The unemployment rate was 9.6 percent in August and September 2010. Compared to the In September 2010, total factory output decreased 0.2 percent, the biggest decline since June
previous quarter, job creation has tapered off. Employment remains weak as few people enter 2009. Manufacturing utilization decreased slightly to 72.4 percent and has not moved much
the labor force and more workers are left waiting on the sidelines. The private sector continues during third quarter. Surveys suggest that the manufacturing slowdown will be temporary.
to struggle, and government payrolls decline. Based on third quarter data, the unemployment
rate is expected to climb to 10 percent and remain above 9 percent through 2011.
0.4 0.4 6 6
4 4
0.3 0.3
2 2
0.2 0.2 0 0
-2 -2
0.1 0.1
-4 -4
-0.0 -0.0 -6 -6
-8 -8
-0.1 -0.1
-10 -10
0
09
10
9
10
09
0
9
10
10
Ju 8
Ju 9
Ju 0
Ja 07
Ja 08
Ja 09
M 08
M 09
M 10
No 07
No 08
No 09
10
M 08
M 09
M 10
-1
-1
Se 7
Se 8
Se 9
Se 0
-0
-1
-1
-1
-0
-0
-0
-1
l-0
l-0
l-0
l-1
v-
p-
p-
n-
n-
v-
v-
v-
ay
-
g
p-
p-
p-
p-
ly
ec
ar
n-
n-
n-
b
r
ct
ay
ay
ay
ar
ar
ar
Ap
No
Au
Se
Se
Fe
Ju
Ja
Ju
Ju
M
O
M
D
The Consumer Price Index (CPI) rose 0.1 percent to 218.37 in September 2010, the third Retail sales increased steadily by approximately 0.5 percent every month during third quarter
consecutive month it has increased, although not as much as the past 2 months. Compared to due mostly to back-to-school spending. In addition, year-over-year growth has accelerated,
a year ago, the CPI was up 1.1 percent. Core inflation remained near zero, although food and with the strongest categories including auto dealers, electronics and appliance retailers, miscel-
energy prices rose slightly. In the next few months, inflation is expected to strengthen, while the laneous retailers, and nonstore retailers. Despite the increase in retail sales, consumers remain
threat of deflation should remain low. financially constrained and consumer confidence is consistent with a deep recession.
Investment Trends Quarterly s Copyright© 2010 by Real Estate Research Corporation (RERC) and the CCIM Institute. 19
Consumer Confidence Housing Affordability
120 120 190 190
180 180
100 100 170 170
160 160
80 80
150 150
Index
Index
140 140
60 60
130 130
40 40 120 120
110 110
20 20 100 100
O 02
O 07
Ju 8
Ju 9
Ju 0
Ja 03
Ja 08
Ap 04
Ap 09
Ja 07
Ja 08
Ja 09
M 01
Au 03
M 06
Au 08
M 08
M 09
M 10
Fe 05
10
No 07
No 08
No 09
Ju 6
10
Se 05
M 02
Se 10
No 04
M 07
No 09
Ju 4
Ju 9
M 08
M 09
M 10
D 6
Se 7
Se 8
Se 9
Se 0
-0
-0
-1
0
0
0
l-0
l-0
l-0
l-0
l-1
-
-
g-
g-
v-
v-
-
-
p-
p-
b-
r-
-
r-
n-
n-
n-
n-
v-
v-
v-
-
-
p-
p-
p-
p-
ay
ay
n-
n-
n-
ec
ar
ec
ar
ct
ct
ay
ay
ay
ar
ar
ar
Ju
D
Consumer confidence declined in third quarter 2010, although it increased slightly to 50.2 in The National Association of REALTORS® (NAR) Housing Affordability Index measures whether
October. Confidence remains low, due mostly to concerns about the lack of job growth and or not a typical family could qualify for a mortgage on a typical home. During third quarter
the overall economic recovery. Additional concerns include added healthcare expenses and 2010, the housing affordability index steadily increased and reached 179.1. This indicates that
financial and environmental regulations. a family is more than able to afford a median-priced home.
1100 1100
1000 1000 5.0 5.0
900 900
800 800 4.0 4.0
700 700
600 600 3.0 3.0
e 9
10
e 1
e 2
e 3
e 4
e 5
e 6
e 7
e 8
Apc-09
Apc-00
Apc-01
Apc-02
Apc-03
Apc-04
Apc-05
Apc-06
Apc-07
Apc-08
Au r-10
Au r-01
Au r-02
Au r-03
Au r-04
Au r-05
Au r-06
Au r-07
Au r-08
Au r-09
D -0
D -0
D -0
D -0
D -0
D -0
D -0
D -0
D -0
ar 6
ar 7
ar 8
a 9
ar 4
ar 5
ar 1
ar 2
ar 3
Ju -07
Ju -08
Ju -09
Se r-10
Ju -05
Ju -06
Ju -02
Ju -03
Ju -04
10
g-
Nol-07
Nol-08
Nol-09
Nol-05
Nol-06
Nol-02
Nol-03
Nol-04
g
g
M v-0
M v-0
M v-0
M v-0
M v-0
M v-0
M v-0
M v-0
M v-0
e
p-
D
No
The S&P 500 ended September 2010 at 1,141.20, up 0.06 percent from August. The S&P 500 Existing home sales increased by 10 percent in September 2010, at an annualized rate of 4.53
continues to be volatile, but we have seen some improvement since July with the expectation million units. Weak job growth, negative equity, and a lack of confidence continue to plague
that the Fed will put more cash into the economy in order to safeguard the recovery. the housing market. Access to mortgage credit is also limited, and foreclosure halts are going
to cause further difficulties. The housing outlook appears soft, with 2010 sales likely to be less
than 2009 sales, and there will be minimal gains until the latter half of 2011.
12 12
1.2 1.2
1.0 1.0 11 11
0.8 0.8 10 10
Months
0.6 0.6
9 9
0.4 0.4
0.2 0.2 8 8
0.0 0.0
7 7
-0.2 -0.2
-0.4 -0.4 6 6
10
0
9
10
0
0
9
0
0
10
09
10
0
09
10
10
0
9
10
0
10
0
-1
0
-0
-1
-1
-1
-0
-1
-0
-0
-1
r-1
-0
l-1
l-1
-
v-
p-
n-
g-
n-
v-
p-
p-
b-
n-
ay
n-
g
ec
ar
b
r
ct
ay
g
ec
ar
ct
Ap
No
Ju
Au
Ap
No
Se
Fe
Ju
Ju
Ja
Au
Au
Se
Se
Fe
Ju
Ja
M
O
M
D
M
O
M
D
The Conference Board’s Index of Leading Indicators rose 0.3 percent in September 2010, The July 2010 single-family home supply increased to a record high of 12.5 months, more than
indicating that the pace of recovery is likely to remain slow in coming months. Compared to double the normal rate of around 6.0 months. Since July, however, the monthly home supply
a year ago, the leading index grew 5.9 percent. The labor market and housing indicators are has continued to decline, falling to 10.7 months in September. Housing demand increased
the main sources of weakness in the recovery, and the risk of a double-dip recession remains. slightly in September, due to record low mortgage rates.
While struggling at present, the leading index is expected to gradually gain strength in 2011.
Investment Trends Quarterly s Copyright© 2010 by Real Estate Research Corporation (RERC) and the CCIM Institute. 20
Scope & Methodology
The analysis provided in the RERC/CCIM Investment Trends Quarterly is conducted by Real Estate Research Corporation (RERC). The information is gathered in raw form from surveys sent to
CCIM designees and candidates, and from sales transactions collected from various sources, including CCIM members, various key commercial information exchange organizations (CIEs), the
media, assessors’ offices, RERC contacts in the marketplace, and other reliable public and private resources. All sales transactions are aggregated, analyzed, and reported on by RERC. Additional
data and forecasts are provided courtesy of the REALTORS® Commercial Alliance and Torto Wheaton Research.
Published quarterly, the RERC/CCIM Investment Trends Quarterly report provides timely insight into transaction volume, pricing, and capitalization rates for the core income-producing properties.
RERC Definitions
Capitalization Rate: The capitalization rate is defined as the first year “stabilized” net operating income (NOI) (NOI is before capital expenditures – tenant improvements, leasing commissions,
reserves – and debt service) divided by the present value (or purchase price). Capitalization rates included are transaction-based medians and price-weighted averages.
RERC Capitalization Rate and Ranges: Capitalization rates and ranges listed throughout this report are based on RERC’s proprietary realized capitalization rate model, which includes available
transaction-based capitalization rates, NCREIF Index Returns, and other market factors, but is heavily weighted toward transaction-based capitalization rates for each property type within each market.
Price-Weighted Average: The price-weighted average is developed through weighting each asset based on the gross sales price. Therefore, larger dollar properties are given more weight than the
smaller dollar properties, with the weighted average reflecting more weight towards institutional real estate.
Size-Weighted Average: The size-weighted average is developed through weighting each asset based on its gross square footage – simply an aggregation of all the gross sales prices divided by
the aggregation of the gross square footage.
National/Regional Market Analysis: RERC ranks the investment potential of the metros and property types it covers based on various space market and financial market criteria, including pricing,
capitalization rates, vacancy rates, and other factors.
Investment Conditions Rating: A rating of 1 through 10 (with 10 being high) reflecting survey respondents’ collective views of the investment environment for a particular property type in comparison
with other property types. The rating may take into account supply and demand, economic conditions, pricing, rental rates, or other factors.
NCREIF Definitions
NCREIF: The National Council of Real Estate Investment Fiduciaries (NCREIF) is an independent organization dedicated to the compilation, validation, and distribution of performance data for the
institutional real estate investment community.
Total Return: The total return includes appreciation (or depreciation), realized capital gain (or loss), and income. It is computed by adding the income and capital appreciation return on a quarterly
basis.
Implied Cap Rate (Income Return): The implied capitalization rate measures the portion of return attributable to each property’s NOI. It is computed by dividing the total NOI by the total quarterly
investment.
Capital Appreciation Return: The capital appreciation return measures the change in market value adjusted for any capital improvements/expenditures and partial sales divided by the average
quarterly investment.
Annual and Annualized Returns: Annual returns are computed by chain-linking quarterly rates of return to produce time-weighted rates of return for the annual and annualized periods under study.
For time periods beyond 1 year, the annualized returns are expressed as the annual compounded rate of return.
Allocation: The distribution, expressed as a percentage of the overall investment, in a particular geographic area by property type.
For a detailed description of the proceeding returns, as well as the calculations used by NCREIF to derive these figures, please visit http://www.ncreif.org/indices.
The combined returns are the weighted average of the returns for each property type according to the proportionate market value of properties surveyed relative to the total market values surveyed
during a time period.
RERC Defined Regions and MSAs
West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wyoming
Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, Wisconsin
South: Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas
East: Connecticut, Delaware, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Vermont, Virginia,
Washington D.C., West Virginia
Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA): A geographic unit comprised of one or more counties around a central city or urbanized area with 50,000 or more population. Contiguous counties are
included if they have close social and economic links with the area’s population nucleus.
With a few exceptions, the MSAs within this report coincide with the U.S. Office of Management and Budget’s December 2005 definitions for each MSA. For example, St. Paul, Minn., and Bloom-
ington, Minn., as well as many other suburbs, are included within the Minneapolis MSA.
Note of Caution: It is imperative to exercise caution when comparing the data contained herein to previous reports published by RERC. The data herein is not “fixed,” and will be updated and
changed as additional transaction information is gathered and analyzed.
Disclaimer: This publication is designed to provide accurate information in regard to the subject matter covered. It is sold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering
legal or accounting service. The publisher advises that no statement in this issue is to be construed as a recommendation to make any real estate investment or to buy or sell a security or as
investment advice. The examples contained in the publication are intended for use as background on the real estate industry as a whole, not as support for any particular real estate investment or
security. Although the RERC/CCIM Investment Trends Quarterly uses only sources that it deems reliable and accurate, Real Estate Research Corporation (RERC) does not warrant the accuracy of
the information contained herein.
Investment Trends Quarterly s Copyright© 2010 by Real Estate Research Corporation (RERC) and the CCIM Institute. 21
Acknowledgements
RERCsCCIM Investment Trends QUARTERLY
RERC Editorial Staff
Investment Trends Quarterly s Copyright© 2010 by Real Estate Research Corporation (RERC) and the CCIM Institute. 22
Contributors
Shahid K. Abdulla Broadway National Bank San Antonio, TX Edward DeLaurier JAX Realty Advisors Jacksonville, FL
Due Diligence Research Bob Dikman The Dikman Company Tampa, FL
Denise Adams Raleigh, NC
Group
John Dohm Miami, FL
Alan Apt Aptcor Commercial Philadelphia, PA
Thalhimer/Cushman &
G. Anthony Baldwin Baldwin Realty Group Boston, MA Mark Douglas Richmond, VA
Wakefield
Sperry Van Ness/The RE/MAX Commercial
Bo Barron Kentucky Roy Drake Denver, CO
Barron Group Alliance
Beau Beery AMJ Inc. of Gainesville Gainesville, FL Skip Duemeland Duemelands Bismarck, ND
Andy Bell Anderson Bell, Inc. Atlanta, GA Asset Management
Alexander Eagle San Francisco, CA
Group
Besaw and Associates
Tim J. Besaw Milwaukee, WI Randi Erickson KW Commercial Minneapolis, MN
Realty Ltd.
J D Property Manage- Eshenbaugh Land
Bonnie Brown Orange County, CA Bill Eshenbaugh Tampa, FL
ment Company
CoveStar Investment Western North Matthew Farrell CORE Partners Detroit, MI
Curtis A. Burge
Realty Advisors Carolina
W Darrow Fiedler KW Commercial Los Angeles, CA
David Butchello Thalhimer Norfolk, New Jersey
David Fisher Colliers International West
Jacob Cannon Nationwide Insurance Denver, CO
Tri-Oak Commercial
Grandbridge Real Estate Gregory Fitzgerald Indianapolis, IN
Tony Carlson Minneapolis, MN Group
Capital
Patrick Fitzgerald BankUnited Orlando, FL
Juan Carlos Prudential Indiana Realty
Bloomington, IN
Carrasquel Group Elizabeth King
Grubb & Ellis Company Chicago, IL
Forstneger
Quentin Caruso Realty Capital Advisors Orlando, FL
Southport Realty-
Susan Cerone RealtyUSA East Peter A. Frandano Wilmington, NC
Carolina Acreage
Mick Cluck Tucson Realty and Trust Tucson, AZ Hudson Peters
Sara Fredericks Dallas, TX
Commercial
Collins Commercial Greensboro/Winston
Raymond D. Collins Carlos A. Fuentes VET Realty Tampa, FL
Properties Salem, NC
Ra Co Real Estate Sam Fung Oregon Commercial Oregon
Ralph Conti South
Advisors
Gina Gamble NAI Las Vegas Las Vegas, NV
Salvatore Crifasi Crifasi Real Estate, Inc New York, NY
Century 21 Golden Post
Century21 Davenport & Todd Gannet Northern New Jersey
David L. Davenport Midwest Commercial
Associates
Q10 | Amegy Mortgage
Luke Davidson Colliers International Denver, CO Paul Gardaphe Houston, TX
Capital
Central Valley of Betty Gonzalez Keyes Commercial RE Miami, FL
Dale DeBoer
California
Rick Gonzalez Rick Gonzalez Inc. Orlando, FL
Investment Trends Quarterly s Copyright© 2010 by Real Estate Research Corporation (RERC) and the CCIM Institute. 23
Contributors
Carolyn Graden The Rants Group Seattle, WA Kenneth Krawczyk K.S.K. Services, Inc. Milwaukee, WI
CCIN Real Estate Century 21 Signature
Norman W. Gregory South Kenneth M. Kujawa Midwest
Services Realty
Jag Grewal Ian Black Real Estate Tampa, FL Christina S. Kurtz-
CBC Atlantic Properties Orlando, FL
Clark
Louise Giuliano Brokers Network New York, NY
NAI Latter and Blum
Karl Landreneau New Orleans, LA
Thomas Hankins NAI Realvest Orlando, FL Realtors
Ryan Harrison Magi Real Estate San Antonio, TX Lance Langenhoven KW Commercial Houston, TX
Equity Investment
Tim Hearn Hearn Burkley Baltimore, MD Nicholas E. Ledvora Orlando, FL
Services
Dennis Hearst Cushman & Wakefield San Diego, CA Becky Leebens KW Commercial Minneapolis, MN
Ostendorf Morris
W Farley Helms Cleveland, OH Chris Leon Realty World San Francisco, CA
Company
Com-Spec Properties, Robert A. Liebeck MJ Peterson Commercial New York, NY
Jerry Hempenius Los Angeles, CA
Inc. Re/Max Commercial
Michael Lunn Chicago, IL
Robert J. Hocken- Property Solutions
Roy Wheeler Realty Co. East
smith
Ned Madonia Tryskelion Las Vegas, NV
Kamil Homsi Global Realty Capital East
Investment Property
Janet Manglitz Portland, OR
David Huffman Wiggin Properties Oklahoma City, OK Advisors
Stephen Jacquemin S.J. Financial Group St. Louis, MO Charles A. McClure McClure Partners Dallas, TX
Investment Trends Quarterly s Copyright© 2010 by Real Estate Research Corporation (RERC) and the CCIM Institute. 24
Contributors
Scott Naugle RPIMLLC Washington, D.C. Neil Victor Sperry Van Ness Alabama
Nick Nicketakis CBSRE Chicago, IL Todd Walsh The Colorado Group Denver, CO
Ed Nutting Marcus & Millichap Atlanta, GA Long McBughuy New Hampshire/
Bruce Waters
Commercial Vermont
Realty Executives
Rick Padelford Phoenix, AZ RE/MAX of Spokane-
International Tom Watson Spokane, WA
Commercial
Sean Patrick Ackerman & Co Atlanta
Dean Weitenhagen Fleetwood CRES Iowa
Aviva Investors North
Susan Pfeil Midwest Brian Whitmer Cushman & Wakefield Northern New Jersey
America
Peter Rasmusson Lee & Associates Northern New Jersey Jeff Wilke Graham & Company Huntsville, AL
Commercial Choice Nicole Wiloughby M&I Bank Milwaukee, WI
David Reese Pittsburgh, PA
Realty
Robert Wilson REMAX Southwest Houston, TX
Lidstrom Commercial
Dan Robinson Midwest
Realtors Patrick Wolford Patrick Henry Properties Houston, TX
Bob Rosenberg Investnet Inc. Sacramento, CA Jason Wong Red Point Development Tucson, AZ
Southwest Florida / Valentine Sales and
Bjorn Rosinus Alico Commercial Group Allan Woodruff Phoenix, AZ
Fort Myers Management
Elliott M. Ross Ross Realty Group Inc. Tampa, FL Jim Wright Jim Wright Company Killeen-Temple, TX
Alpha Commercial Real
Bob Rourke Charlotte, NC Diane Baer Yecko BT Property Associates Pittsburgh, PA
Estate
Coldwell Banker
Suheil Sahouria The Trafton Group San Francisco, CA Oscar Zamudio Chicago, IL
Commercial NRT
Kinlin Grover Mizrach Realty
Nat Santoro Boston, MA Daniel Zelonker Miami, FL
Commercial Group Associates
Ernest Soble Commercial
Stephen M. Soble San Antonio, TX
Properties
Rob Stefka
Blaine Strickland
Commercial Investment
Services
Remora Partners
Omaha, NE
Orlando, FL
who shared
Dewey Struble
Angie Sumner
Sperry Van Ness
Jack Fowler &
Associates
Reno-Sparks, Nevada
Northern AZ
information
for this report.
Rob Sutton The Royston Group Los Angeles, CA
Duke Suwyn Colliers International Detroit, MI
Mark Vellinga Graham Organization Souix Falls, SD
Investment Trends Quarterly s Copyright© 2010 by Real Estate Research Corporation (RERC) and the CCIM Institute. 25