Professional Documents
Culture Documents
THE SEA:
• Greeks didnt live on land but around sea
• traveled 85 miles sea
• black sea transportation routes for greek ppl
• skilled sailors connect Grecce other soieties
• poor natural resources lack timber precious metals usable farmland
THE LAND:
• ¾ rugged mountains
• mountains divide land # different regions
• chains run northwest to southeast along balka peninsulas
• greeks hard to get into a single government
• 7 days to travel 60 miles
• land was stoney only 20 % arable sutible for farming
• ¼ fertial land greece
• not able to support large populations
• diet grapes prains olives
THE CLIMATE:
• climate third important enviromental influence on greek civilazation
• spent time out side more men dicuss public issues exchange news active
civic life
MYCENEAN CIVILIZATION DEVELOPS:
• Myceneans settled from Eurasian steppes to Europe, India and Southwest
Asia
• leader Mycenae
• wall protect form attack
• influenced and militaristic rulers such as tiryns and athens
• 3 kings dominated Greece from 1600 to 1200 bc
EPICS OF HOMER:
• Homer – blind man storyteller composed epics And Trojan war
• Lliad the Odysseey
• lliad – heros achilles ,hector of troy wife doest want them to fought
• arete – virture and excellence
• Odyssey 10 year journy home uses trickery to defeat Trojans
• myths – traditional stories about their gods that explain the unexplainible
• gods human qualities
• zeus – ruller of gods
• Hera – wife of zeus jelous zeus relationships
• Athena – goddess of wisdom daughter of zeus and favorite
• Athena thought as guardian of cities like athens named in her honor
CHAPTER 2
WARRING CITY – STATES
SPARTAN EDUCATION:
• men military training
• 7
• girls – ran wrestled played sports
• service over family
• women family estates
• husbands severd the plis
• women not right to vote
• didnt value art valed duty strength disciplin over individuality beauty
and freedom
REFORMS OF CLEISTHENES:
• cleithenes – athenial leader introdluced futher reforms
• full democracy assembed break up power of novilitoy
• allowed all citizens submit laws for debate and passage
• Cleisthenes created council of 500 rd
• 1/5 athenian residents were actuall citizens
BATTTLE OF MARATHON: