PV Module

Simulink models

ECEN 2060
Spring 2008
 Simulink models of PV modules
Current-input PV module Voltage input PV module
PV module (V)
PV module (I) Vpv Ipv
Ipv Vpv
Insolation Ppv
Insolation Ppv
PV1
Inputs: PV1
Inputs:
• PV current IPV [A] • PV voltage VPV [V]
• Insolation [W/m2] • Insolation [W/m2]
Outputs: Outputs:
• PV voltage VPV [V] • PV current IPV [A]
• PV output power Ppv [W] • PV output power Ppv [W]
This model is well suited for the case This model is well suited for the case
when modules are connected in when modules are connected in
series and share the same current parallel and share the same voltage

Model parameters, in both cases, are the standard

PV module data-sheet parameters:
• short-circuit current Isc
• open-circuit voltage Voc
• rated current IR at maximum power point (MPP)
• rated voltage VR at MPP
under standard test conditions (1kW/m2, 1.5 AM,
25oC). A bypass diode (a single diode across the
entire module) can be included. Temperature
effects are not modeled.

ECEN2060 2
 PV cell circuit model and equations

KCL:
VD
I SC − ID − − I PV = 0
Rp
ID Rs +
ISC
VD Rp Diode characteristic:

PV cell
_
(
I D = I o eVD / VT − 1 )
KVL:

VPVcell = VD − Rs I PV

ECEN2060 3
 Simulink Implementation
• Both PV module models are implemented as masked subsystems in Simulink
• Look Under Mask (right-click or Edit menu) reveals details of the model
implementation PV module (I)
Ipv Vpv
• Details of the current-input PV module model: Insolation Ppv

PV1

Saturation
-Vt*log((u/Io)+1)
max

By-pass diode
MinMax

Rs
2
1 Rs
Ipv Ppv
Ipv Product
Diode
Ipv
Constant

Isc Solve 1
2 G f (z) z Ns
f(z) = 0 Vd Vpv cell Vpv
Insolation Switch
Insolation to Algebraic Constraint Ns
current gain

Id

Inputs:
Io*(exp(u/Vt)-1)
Outputs:
PN-junction characteristic

PV current and Vd/Rp

PV voltage and
1/Rp

insolation 1/Rp
PV power

ECEN2060 4
 Inside the current-input PV module model
Saturation
-Vt*log((u/Io)+1)
max
By-pass diode
MinMax

Rs
2
1 Rs
Ipv Ppv
Ipv Product
Diode
Ipv
Constant

Isc Solve 1
2 G f (z) z Ns
f(z) = 0 Vd Vpv cell Vpv
Insolation Switch
Insolation to Algebraic Constraint Ns
current gain

Id
Io*(exp(u/Vt)-1)

PN-junction characteristic
VPV = N sVPVcell
Vd/Rp
1/Rp

1/Rp N s = number of cells in series

V VPVcell = VD − RS I PV
I SC − I D − D − I PV = 0
Rp
KCL solved for VD I D = I o eVD / VT − 1 ( )
using Algebraic
Constraint block
ECEN2060 5
 Inside the current-input PV module model
Saturation
-Vt*log((u/Io)+1)
max
By-pass diode
MinMax
Bypass diode current
cannot be negative Rs
2
1 Rs
Ipv Ppv
Ipv Product
Diode
Ipv
Constant

Isc Solve 1
2 G f (z) z Ns
f(z) = 0 Vd Vpv cell Vpv
Insolation Switch
Insolation to Algebraic Constraint Ns
current gain

Id
Io*(exp(u/Vt)-1)

PN-junction characteristic

Vd/Rp
1/Rp

1/Rp
Select VPV with
bypass diode
(“Diode” = 1) or
 I bypass  without bypass diode
VDbypass = Vt ln + 1
 Io  (“Diode” =0)

Bypass diode voltage

(if forward biased)
ECEN2060 6
 Model Mask: Parameters
• Edit Mask (right-click or Edit menu), click on Parameters
• This is where the masked subsystem model parameters are defined

ECEN2060 7
 Model Mask: Initialization
• Edit Mask (right-click or Edit menu), click on Initialization
• The MATLAB code computes model parameters Io, Rs, Rp based on the model parameters
(short-circuit current Isc, circuit voltage Voc, rated voltage Vr, and rated current Ir)

ECEN2060 8
 Application Example: PV Array
PV array consisting Ipv
PV module (I)
Vpv ECEN2060
6-module PV Array
of 6 PV modules 1000 Insolation Ppv

PV1
connected in series
Insolation

PV module (I)
IPV Ipv Vpv

Insolation Ppv

PV2 PV
+ To Workspace
PV module (I)
Ipv Vpv

Insolation Ppv
Vpv
PV3
Vpv

PV module (I) XY V-I

Ipv Vpv

Insolation Ppv

VPV PV4
Ppv
Ppv
PV module (I) Product XY power
Ipv Vpv

Insolation Ppv

PV5

Simulink model
PV module (I)
Ipv Vpv Ipv
pv_array.mdl
Insolation Ppv

_ PV6 Add

Ipv Ramp

Ipv

ECEN2060 9
 Inside the voltage-input PV module

PV module (V)
Vpv Ipv

Insolation Ppv

PV1

1
Vpv

Solve
Ipv Vpv f (z) z 1
f(z) = 0
Ipv
2 Insolation Ppv Algebraic Constraint
Insolation
PV module (I)
2
Ppv

Inputs:
Outputs:
PV voltage and
PV voltage and
insolation
Algebraic PV power
Constraint block
Current-input solves for IPV that
PV model results in VPV

ECEN2060 10
 Application Example: PV Module Characteristics
Simulink model:
pv_characteristic.mdl Vpv
Vpv
Vpv
PV power

I-V characteristic
Ipv

PV module (V)
Vpv Ipv

Insolation Ppv

Insolation PV1

Insolation = 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000 W/m2

IPV PPV

VPV VPV
ECEN2060 11