Agenda item 11

Cabinet – 13 October 2010

Civil Parking Enforcement Annual Report 2009-2010

Portfolio: Councillor Tom Ansell -Transport

Service: Neighbourhood Services

Wards: All

Key decision: No

Forward plan: Yes

1. Summary of report

1.1 This report highlights the progress and benefits of the civil parking enforcement
service in helping to tackle traffic congestion in the borough during its first year of
operation.

1.2 The Traffic Management Act 2004 and its associated statutory guidance,
requires that all local authorities operating civil parking enforcement (CPE)
produce an annual report. The report must contain a range of statistical
information as well as giving the opportunity to demonstrate how parking
enforcement is delivered in a transparent, consistent and fair way.

1.3 Reporting is an important part of accountability and the transparency given by

regular and consistent reporting should help the public understand and accept
CPE.

1.4 Specific statistical information contained within the report must be submitted to
the Department for Transport and the National Adjudication Service in an annual
return.

1.5 This report and the Walsall Council Annual Parking Report (Appendix A) are
intended to comply with the statutory reporting requirements whilst informing the
public in a clear and transparent way.

2. Recommendations

2.1 That Cabinet note the content of the annual report and approve it for submission
to the joint committee of England and Wales for the civil enforcement of Parking
and Traffic Regulations Outside London (PATROL).

2.2 That Cabinet approve the submission of statistical information contained within
the annual report to the Department for Transport.
2.3 That Cabinet approve the submission of statistical information contained within
the annual report to the Traffic Penalty Tribunal (TPT)

2.4 That Cabinet authorise the Executive Director of Neighbourhood Services, in

consultation with the Portfolio Holder for Transport, to approve any final changes
to Appendix A that may be required as a result of minor drafting errors, or to
improve overall presentation in line with Department for Transport expectations.

3. Background information

3.1 The Council implemented CPE on 1 April 2009 and its impact on reducing
unnecessary traffic congestion as a result of illegal and inappropriate parking has
been generally positive.

3.2 Initially it was envisaged that the Council would need to subsidise the cost
of providing the whole parking service for approximately 2 years. However, the
total income generated through the operation of CPE and pay & display car
parking, has exceeded the total operating costs of the service and generated a
small surplus of £56,000. All surplus income has to be used in accordance with
the legislative restrictions imposed by Section 55 of the Road Traffic Regulation
Act 1984. In this instance, the surplus was used to off set the overall cost to the
Council of delivering the Urban Traffic Control function that provides and
operates bus priority facilities for the benefit of public passenger transport
services.

3.3 Clearly, prior to the introduction of CPE, a significant number of motorists had
become accustomed to ignoring parking restrictions. This has been evidenced by
the 25,000 penalty charge notices (PCNs) issued during the first year. However,
pleasingly during the year the numbers issued on a monthly basis declined
steadily as motorists began to comply with the restrictions.

3.4 Under the CPE regime, any motorist can challenge the issue of a penalty charge
notice as the process is defined in primary legislation. Importantly, the process
requires the local authority to act fairly and proportionately by exercising its
discretion sensibly and reasonably and with due regard to the public interest.
The Council has a discretionary power to cancel a penalty charge notice at any
point throughout the process even when an undoubted contravention has
occurred.

3.5 The Council has taken these responsibilities seriously and deemed it appropriate
to cancel approximately 4,500 penalty charge notices either by considering
additional evidence produced by the motorist or applying a degree of discretion.
This level of cancellations is in line with expectations for the first year of CPE
operation where it was anticipated a greater degree of discretion was likely to be
necessary. For cases where it was felt appropriate to pursue further, a number
could ultimately end up at independent adjudication. Again in demonstration of
the Council taking its responsibilities seriously, only a very small number of cases
reached the independent adjudication stage. Twenty-nine cases were lodged of
which nine were heard within the year. The independent adjudicator agreed with
the Council’s decision on eight of the nine cases and asked the Council to
reconsider its position on the remaining case.
 Clearly, the Council can demonstrate that it delivers its parking enforcement
activities proportionately and applies discretion where appropriate.

3.6 The benefits of improved parking compliance have been wide ranging. Blue
badge parking bays provided to assist the disabled community are now routinely
available for genuine users, loading/unloading bays now only serve the legitimate
needs of local businesses and general time limited parking facilities on the
highway provide the turnover of passing trade vital to sustain and develop the
local economy.

3.7 School gate parking problems have historically been difficult to tackle but the
introduction of CPE has given the Council a direct influence in improving parking
compliance. The Council has undertaken a series of enforcement activities
around schools, on occasions partnering with the Police to address contravention
of parking restrictions and obstruction of the public highway. Despite the need
for further work in this area, an encouraging start has been made to changing
driver behaviour.

3.8 The application of CPE is an important tool in the delivery of the Council’s
Statutory Network Management Duty. The Council has to implement measures
to reduce traffic congestion and associated air pollution whilst maintaining road
safety. The benefits gained through a reduction in illegally and inappropriately
parked vehicles have contributed to the delivery of that duty.

3.9 In accordance with statutory requirements, an annual report must be produced.

The report must outline in detail the effectiveness of CPE activities, future
developments, financial and statistical information relating to penalty charge
notices.

3.10 The Secretary of State has produced statutory guidance detailing what should be
included in local authority annual reports:

3.11 Financial

a) Total income and expenditure on the parking account kept under Section 55
of the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984 as modified by Regulation 25
of the Civil Enforcement of Parking Contraventions (England) General
Regulations 2007
b) Breakdown of income by source (i.e. on-street parking charges and penalty
charges)
c) Total surplus or deficit on the parking account
d) Action taken with respect to a surplus or deficit on the parking account
e) Details of how any financial surplus has been or is to be spent, including the
benefits that can be expected as a result of such expenditure.

3.12 Statistical

a) Number of higher level PCNs issued

b) Number of lower level PCNs issued
c) Number of PCNs paid
d) Number of PCNs paid at discount rate
 e) Number of PCNs against which an informal or formal representation was
made
f) Number of PCNs cancelled as a result of an informal or a formal
representation is successful)
g) Number of PCNs written off for other reasons (e.g. CEO error or driver
untraceable)
h) Number of vehicles immobilised
i) Number of vehicles removed

3.13 The joint committee of England and Wales for the civil enforcement of Parking
and Traffic Regulations Outside London (PATROL) was established to enable all
Councils to carry out civil enforcement of parking contraventions . The joint
committee is responsible for the appointment of independent adjudicators to the
Traffic Penalty Tribunal (TPT).

3.14 The PATROL joint committee recognises the importance of public information
and in 2009, the PATROL Annual Report Award was launched to promote and
share best practice amongst Council’s in the production of parking annual
reports. The submission of Walsall’s annual report will assist with increasing the
public understanding of civil parking enforcement and sharing of best practice.

3.15 The Traffic Penalty Tribunal (TPT) is an independent tribunal whose impartial,
independent Adjudicators consider appeals by motorists and vehicle owners
whose vehicles have been issued with a Penalty Charge Notice.

3.16 The Traffic Penalty Tribunal annual report contains statistical information
compiled from all local authorities operating CPE:

a) The number of Penalty Charge Notices they issue each year

b) The number that are paid at the reduced penalty
c) The number of Notices to Owner they issue
d) The number of representations they receive
e) The number of representations they accept
f) The number of representations they reject
g) The number of appeals that are lodged against them
h) The outcome of those appeals
i) The number of Charge Certificates they issue and the proportion paid
j) The number of cases they refer to the County Court

The Council is required to submit this information to TPT on an annual basis.

4. Resource considerations

4.1 Financial: The financial information contained within the appendix to this report
has been used in the longer term financial planning for the delivery of CPE. As
can be seen from Appendix A attached to this report, for 2009/10 the overall
service had a surplus of income over expenditure of £56,000.

4.2 Legal: None directly associated with this report

4.3 Staffing: None directly associated with this report

5. Citizen impact

The production and publication of an annual report will allow citizens to more
clearly understand the operational, financial and transport objectives associated
with the operation of CPE.

6. Community safety

The implementation of CPE has a positive impact on community safety by

reducing the instances of inappropriate and illegal parking that could have
adverse implications for road safety.

7. Environmental impact

Illegal parking remains at the forefront of community concern. The appendix to

this report details the benefits achieved through the first year of operating CPE
particularly in terms of its impact upon the environment of the Borough, its
appearance and how it is perceived by the community.

8. Performance and risk management issues

8.1 Risk: Failure to produce an annual report and submit the required statistical
information could result in intervention by the Secretary of State.

8.2 Performance management: Nothing directly associated with this report.

9. Equality implications

None directly associated with this report.

10. Consultation

This report has been produced in consultation with the Neighbourhood Services
finance team.

Background papers

None

Author

Paul Leighton
Group Leader
( 652458
* leightonp@walsall.gov.uk
Jamie Morris Councillor Tom Ansell
Executive Director Portfolio holder - Transport

1 October 2010 1 October 2010

 Appendix A

Walsall Council
Annual Parking Report
1 April 2009 – 31 March 2010

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Annual Parking Report 2009-10

Contents

1. Foreword Page 2

2. Objectives of Parking Provision and Enforcement Page 3

3. Challenges, Representations and Appeals Page 5

4. Parking Dispensations Page 7

5. Joint Working Page 8

6. Statistical Information Page 9

7. Financial Information Page 15

8. Future Developments Page 17

8.1 Double Parking & Dropped Kerb Parking Page 17

8.2 Bus Lane Enforcement Page 17

8.3 Blue Badge Parking Page 18

8.4 Wider Eyes and Ears Page 18

8.6 Residents Parking Zones Page 19

9. Glossary of Terms Page 20

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Foreword

“The effective management of parking is critical for the

delivery of a safe and efficient highway network that is
suitable to support the needs of local residents and
businesses.

The benefits delivered by fair and consistent parking

enforcement have been wide ranging. Blue badge parking
bays provided to assist the disabled community are now
routinely available for genuine users, loading/unloading bays
now only serve the legitimate needs of local businesses and
general time limited parking facilities on the highway provide
the turnover of passing trade vital to sustain and develop our
local economy.

This report outlines the benefits gained from, and statistical

information relating to, the implementation of Civil Parking
Enforcement within Walsall during its first year of operation”

Councillor Tom Ansell

Portfolio Holder for Transport

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Objectives of Parking Provision and Enforcement

The Council has a statutory duty under the Traffic Management Act
2004 to manage traffic congestion. Direct management and control of
parking enforcement was necessary to ensure we complied with this
duty.
On 1 April 2009 responsibility for parking enforcement transferred
from the Police to the Council. This allowed the Council to directly
influence reductions in traffic congestion and associated pollution
whilst allowing the Police to redirect resources to deal with core
Policing activities.
Prior to the transfer, a thorough review of all parking restrictions was
undertaken. The review considered the ongoing appropriateness of
existing restrictions, the need for minor amendments, deletions or new
restrictions.
The new Traffic Regulation Order containing the revisions was widely
advertised for consultation prior to being sealed for implementation.
The borough wide traffic regulation order is regularly reviewed and
updated as further changes to the order become necessary. The
Order is available for inspection in the First Stop Shop, Civic Centre,
Darwall Street, Walsall.

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The objectives for parking enforcement have focused on removing

congestion and creating a safe environment for pedestrians and
motorists.
Priority for enforcement has been given to locations where failure to
comply with the parking restrictions would:

• Result in unnecessary traffic congestion

• Result in delays to emergency vehicles

• Result in delays to public transport

• Result in adverse implications for road safety particularly around

school gates

• Result in adverse implications for air quality

Priority has also been given to ensuring that parking facilities are only
used by their intended users, with particular emphasis being given to:

• Blue Badge parking

• Taxi Bays

• Bus Stops

• Loading/unloading bays

• Time limited parking bays

The control and regulation of off-street car parks is an important

aspect of network management. The Council supports the needs of
business commuters through the provision of suitably located long
stay car parks whilst supporting the local economy by operating
conveniently located short stay car parks that generate the routine
turnover of trade vital to the success of local businesses.

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Challenges, Representations and Appeals

The Council will always try to achieve full compliance with parking
restrictions particularly as they were originally installed to assist with
managing the efficient operation of the highway network and, or, to
maintain road safety. However, in order to achieve this there needs to
be the deterrent of a penalty charge notice being issued to motorists
that wilfully do not comply with the restrictions.
We recognise that there will be instances where the motorist feels
they have complied with the restrictions, or did not understand the
nature of the restrictions but despite this their vehicle received a
penalty charge notice.
In these instances, the Council encourages motorists to challenge the
Penalty Charge Notice should they feel there are mitigating
circumstances leading up to the issue of the Notice. The process for
this is detailed on the rear of the penalty charge notice and on the
Council’s web site.
The Council has a duty to act fairly and proportionately when
determining the outcome of a challenge and takes this responsibility
seriously.
We require that the challenge is submitted in a written format but this
can be either through:

Email:

parkingoffice@walsall.gov.uk

Internet access:
www.walsall.gov.uk/index/transport_and_streets/motor_vehicles_roads
_and_parking/parking_services/parkingfines.htm

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By Post:

Parking Services, Walsall Council, Civic Centre, PO Box 5373

In Person:

The Civic Centre first stop shop

When the Parking Team receive a challenge they aim to respond to it

within 14 days, however the majority are responded to within ten days.
We realise that dealing with a penalty charge notice can be stressful
and worrying and therefore are sensitive to these matters.
All staff involved in this process have undertaken formal training in the
legal process associated with administering challenges. They will
always give clear and concise guidance on the full range of options
available to the motorist to progress their first stage informal
challenge, their second stage formal representation and third stage
appeal to the independent adjudication service.

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Parking Dispensations

Parking Dispensations may be available to tradesmen and contractors

who need to park in contravention of local parking restrictions whilst
working at a customer’s premises.

We will consider applications for

dispensations if constant access
to the vehicle is required for bulky
tools or raw materials and the
vehicle also operates as a mobile
workshop.

We do not guarantee that we will

provide a dispensation as certain
locations would present
unacceptable risk should we agree temporary parking. However, we do
consider all applications and attempt to assist where possible.

Approximately 500 Dispensations were issued during 2009/10 to

enable works to be carried out at people ’s homes and businesses
across the borough where otherwise local parking restrictions would
prevent convenient parking.

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Joint Working
School Gate Parking Enforcement
School gate parking problems have long been a difficult and
contentious issue to solve. We understand that parents lead busy lives
and are often concerned for the safety of their children when walking to
school. We also recognise the adverse impact that school gate parking
can have for local residents.
To address this problem, we have been working with the Police, the
Council’s road safety team and individual schools to try and encourage
walking to school wherever possible, and responsible parking where
walking is not an option.
Our parking enforcement team undertake routine patrols of school gate
parking zones, but given the number of schools and the limited number
of enforcement staff available at any one time; we cannot provide a
permanent presence at any location.
At these visits Civil Enforcement Officers will arrive before parents start
to arrive and act as a deterrent and move on parents from school keep
clear markings and other parking restrictions which are implemented
outside schools to prevent parking.
It is very rare that parents do not co-operate and in those incidents
Penalty Charge Notices are issued.

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Statistics
PCNs Issued On-Street

2009/10

No. Higher level PCNs Issued 14,467

No. Lower level PCNs Issued 1,022

Total number of PCNs issued 15,489

No. of PCNs where a representation was 4,831

made

No. of PCNs cancelled as a result of 2,151

representation

No. of representations that are rejected 2,680

No. of PCNs cancelled for other reasons 268

Total number of PCNs cancelled 2419

No. of PCNs paid at discount 9,501

No. of PCNs paid at non discount rate 1,836

Total number of PCNs paid 11,337

Total number of PCNs ongoing 1733

No. of Charge Certificates registered 1,862

No. of vehicles immobilised N/A

No. of vehicles removed N/A

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PCNs Issued Off-Street

2009/10

No. Higher level PCNs Issued 1,681

No. Lower level PCNs Issued 7,977

Total number of PCNs issued 9,658

No. of PCNs where a representation was 3,010

made

No. of PCNs cancelled as a result of 1,628

representation

No. of representations that are rejected 1,382

No. of PCNs cancelled for other reasons 8

Total number of PCNs cancelled 1,636

No. of PCNs paid at discount 6,436

No. of PCNs paid at non discount rate 920

Total number of PCNs paid 7,356

Total number of PCNs ongoing 666

No. of Charge Certificates registered 681

No. of vehicles immobilised N/A

No. of vehicles removed N/A

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Penalty Charge Notices Issued On - Street

11%

16%

73%

PCNs Paid PCNs cancelled PCNs ongoing

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Penalty Charge Notices Issued Off - Street

7%

17%

76%

PCNs Paid PCNs Cancelled PCNs Ongoing

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Total Number Of Penalty Charge Notices Issued By Month

2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0

9 9 0
r-09 y-09 n-0 ul-09 g-09 p-09 ct-0 v-09 c-09 n-10 b-10 ar-1
Ap Ma Ju J Au Se O No De Ja Fe M

On street Off Street

The monthly rate of PCNs steadily declined during the year as

consistent and routine parking enforcement resulted in improved
compliance levels.

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Appeals to the Independent Adjudicator

Every person has the right to appeal their Penalty Charge Notice. Firstly, to the
Local Authority and then, under certain circumstances, to the independent
adjudicator through the Traffic Penalty Tribunal.

Although you may feel unhappy that your vehicle has been issued with a penalty
charge notice, you must consider carefully whether the contravention occurred as
there are only a limited number of grounds upon which you can appeal:

Further i nformation can be found on the Traffic Penalty Tribunal web site:
www.trafficpenaltytribunal.gov.uk

If applicable, an Adjudicator will hear your appeal in person, by telephone or by

considering written evidence.

The Adjudicator will hear any evidence put forward by you and the council. After
hearing evidence, the Adjudicator can direct the council to cancel the PCN so that
you pay nothing or recommend that the council waives the penalty payment.

An Adjudicator can also find the vehicle owner liable to pay the penalty. The
vehicle owner must then pay the penalty before the end of the period of 28 days
from receiving written notice of the Adjudicator's decision.

Between 1 April 2009 and 31 March 2010 the following cases were determined by
the independent adjudicator for PCNs issued by:

• Walsall Council
• All Councils

Appeals PCNs Rate Not Allowed by Total Refused by Awaiting

received issued of contested Adjudicator allowed inc Adjudicator decision
appeal by not
per Council contested
PCN by council

13 25147 0.05% 2 4 6 7 0

15% 31% 46% 54% 0%

14269 4,245, 0.34% 3,880 4,188 8,068 5,804 397

998
27% 29% 57% 41% 3%

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Financial Information
The total parking service budget comprises of income from off street pay and
display parking, permit fees, and penalty charge notices, less expenditure on
enforcement, operational administration, debt recovery, maintenance and
management costs.

On & Off On Off

2009/10 Expenditure Street Street Street

Enforcement Activities £668,279 61% 39%

Administration, appeals, debt recovery, £747,198 61% 39%

maintenance.

Management costs £46,968 61% 39%

Total Expenditure £1,462,445

On & Off On Off

2009/10 Income Street Street Street

Pay and display £681,518 0% 100%

Permits £214,210 3% 97%

Penalty charge notices £567,475 61% 39%

Other income £55,742 61% 39%

Total Income £1,518,945

Combined On & Off street

2009/10 Expenditure/Income
Total Expenditure £1,462,445

Total Income £1,518,945

Surplus / (Deficit) £56,500

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Treatment of surplus/deficit

The income generated from the combined on and off street

enforcement function was lower than the operational costs of
undertaking the enforcement function. However, when combined with
the income from off street pay and display, the total income exceeded
the operational costs for the combined on and off street parking service.

The surplus was used to offset the overall cost to the Council of
delivering the Urban Traffic Control function that provides and operates
bus priority facilities for the benefit of public passenger transport
services.

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Future Developments
Double Parking & Dropped Kerb Parking

During 2011 we intend to use our powers to enforce double parking on

the highway and parking across dropped kerbs. We will be applying
these powers to ensure that:

• Double parking does not reduce the capacity of the highway

network, creating unnecessary traffic congestion and reducing
road safety

• Dropped kerbs specifically provided to assist with shared

vehicular access and pedestrian mobility are not blocked by
inappropriately parked vehicles

Before we apply these powers we will undertake a thorough publicity

campaign to explain:

• What we intend to do
• What exemptions are permitted by legislation
• What the penalty will be
• What benefits will be gained from applying these powers

Bus Lane Enforcement

We operate a number of bus lanes to

encourage the use of more sustainable
forms of transport. Unfortunately a number
of motorists continue to contravene the
bus lane restrictions, unnecessarily
delaying buses and impacting on their
journey time reliability.

Over the next year we will be introducing a combination of static and

mobile technology to regulate and enforce their use.

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Blue Badge Parking

We want to improve
accessibility to local
services for the disabled
community and will review
the location and number of
blue badge parking bays on
the highway.
In conjunction with the local
disability forum, we will also
make improvements to the
information we make
available about disabled
parking facilities.

Wider Eyes and Ears

The main role of our civil enforcement officers is to enforce parking
restrictions across the borough, but we want them to do more for the
benefit of the community.
They already identify and report a range of environmental crimes:

• Fly tipping

• Fly posting

• Abandoned Vehicles

We want to expand this side of their role and will continue to explore
the contribution they can bring to improving the satisfaction of residents
in their local area.

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Residents Parking Zones

Residents parking zones provide an important function for local
residents that would otherwise suffer significantly from the adverse
impacts of commuter parking.
The Council receive a large amount of requests for residents parking
zones and currently operates five:

1. Lower Forster Street

2. Hanch Place, St Georges Place, Lysways Street, Birmingham Road,
Walhouse Close, Broadway North, Persehouse Street, Holtshill Lane

3. Caldmore Road & Jesson Road

4. Wilbraham Road & Moat Road

5. Wallows Lane
To ensure that we continue to introduce and operate residents parking
zones in areas of highest need, we are reviewing our existing policy.
We intend to review the criteria for introduction, the number of permits
allowed per household, the cost of the permit and how the Carbon
Agenda can be reflected in the permit cost.

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Glossary of Terms

Bus Lane
A bus lane is a section of the public highway that is restricted to buses
and any other authorised category of vehicle. They are used to reduce
delays to buses and assist with maintaining journey time reliability.

Cancellations
A Penalty Charge Notice is cancelled when we believe that it would be
unjust to pursue the case or when there is an applicable exemption.

Challenge
An objection made against a Penalty Charge Notice before a Notice to
Owner is issued.

Civil Enforcement Officer – CEO

This is the name given to officers who used to be known as Parking
Attendant. They must be employed by the council or through a
specialist contractor. In Walsall they are employed through Apcoa
Parking UK Ltd

Civil Parking Enforcement – CPE

This is the name given to the enforcement of parking regulations by
Civil Enforcement Officers (CEO) under the Traffic Management Act
2004.

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Contravention
Failure of the motorist to comply with traffic or parking regulations as set
by local Traffic Regulation Orders (TRO).

Controlled Parking Zone - CPZ

An area where parking is restricted during specified times. This ensures
that the needs of all motorists are catered for within the borough. Signs
are placed at entry points throughout the zone and where the
restrictions differ to those on entry. There is no requirement to sign
double yellow lines however single yellow lines will be signed.

Decriminalised
This means that it is not illegal to park in contravention of parking
regulations. Enforcement of regulations within a Special Parking Area is
the sole responsibility of the Local Authority and not the police. Parking
is a civil offence rather than a criminal offence. Unpaid charges are
pursued through debt collection agencies and not through the courts.

Differential Parking Penalties

This is the name for the different levels of charges implemented by the
Traffic Management Act 2004. Higher level contraventions are £70 and
lower levels are set at £50. The different charges reflect the
seriousness of the contravention. The level of the charge is set by
central government.

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Department for Transport – DfT

This is the Government department responsible for the English
transport network and transport matters in Scotland, Wales and
Northern Ireland which are not devolved.

Fixed Penalty Notice - FPN

These were introduced in Great Britain in the 1950s to deal with minor
parking offences. These can only be issued by the police.

Local Transport Plan – LTP

These are an important part of transport planning within England. We
are required to prepare them as plans for the future.

Notice to Owner – NtO

This is a statutory notice that is served by the authority to the registered
keeper of the vehicle that was issued with the Penalty Charge Notice.
This will be served when a Penalty Charge Notice (PCN) is unpaid for
28 days. When the registered keeper, or the person the council
believed to be the keeper of the vehicle, receives this they can either;

• make a payment of the full charge

• make representation (an appeal)

Off-street parking

These are parking facilities provided in off street car parks

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On-street parking
These are parking facilities provided on the kerbside such
as pay and display or permit parking

Penalty Charge Notice – (PCN)

This is issued to a vehicle that is believed to be parked in contravention
of the local Traffic Regulation Order.

Registered Keeper
The person who is legally responsible for paying or challenging a PCN.
These details are obtained from the Driver and Vehicle Licensing
Agency (DVLA)

Representation

This is a challenge against the PCN after the Notice to Owner is issued.

Special Parking Area - SPA

An area where on-street parking is subject to Civil Parking Enforcement
(CPE). Local Authorities enforce the parking restrictions through Civil
Enforcement Officers.

Traffic Management Act 2004 – TMA

This act was passed by UK government in 2004. This law details street
works and parking regulations. The act has been implemented since
31st March 2008. Part 6 of the Act covers the legislation that controls
civil parking enforcement.

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Traffic Penalty Tribunal –TPT

The Traffic Penalty Tribunal decides appeals against parking penalties
issued by Civil Enforcement Authorities in England (outside London)
and Wales and against bus lane penalties issued by Civil Enforcement
Authorities in England (outside London).The Traffic Penalty Tribunal is
the final stage of appeal for the registered keeper against a penalty
charge notice issued by a council in England (outside London) and
Wales

Traffic Regulation Order – TRO

This is the statutory legal document necessary that forms the basis of
any subsequent enforcement of a contravention of the parking
restriction.

Version 1.0 24
October 2010