Productive Microbes (PM) for

Agriculture Productivity
Dr.P.Muralikkannan ,MB&DL R&D Center, Chengelpet
,Kancheepuram-Dt, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India

Microbes are found on or within every higher organism, including

plants. Plant-associated microbes, which include viruses, bacteria,
fungi, actinomycetes play critical roles in plant health. Some microbes
cause diseases whereas others prevent diseases or enhance plant
growth. Within each microbe group, the diversity of species that
interacts with plants is tremendous. Actually many of microbes are
economically important for agriculture as well as for ecosystem.
Despite their importance to the agricultural base and food security,
to know little about the molecular genetics and bio chemical system of
these microbes. To understand, how these microbes benefit plants,
protect the plant from disease and improve the soil fertility. It is
important to study on structural and functional analysis of the
agriculturally important microbes and their importance in plant
productivity and soil improvement. Also, it is essential to understand
the nature of beneficial microbe-plant-associations. To full fill the gap

1.To identify the agriculturally important productive microbes

and identify the beneficial bioactive substances produced by
microbes for plant and soil improvement

2.Importance of antioxidant substance, amino acids, vitamins

and minerals generated by Productive Microbes for
development of soil and plant including deactivating of SOD
/free radicals that causes the process of oxidation

3.Identify the critical role and importance of Plant associated

microbes in agriculture, soil fertility and food safety and
security and in maintenance of ecosystem balance.

4.Identify the agriculturally important microbes other than

targeted microbes for the improvement of soil health and
plant productivity

5.By studying the agriculturally important productive

microbes to understand their effects on plant improvements
and product quality.
The misuse and excessive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides
have of often adversely affected the environment and created many
problems associated with a) food safety and quality and b) human and
animal health. Consequently, there has been a growing interest in
nature farming and organic agriculture by consumers and
environmentalists as possible alternatives to chemical-based,
conventional agriculture.

To ensure the food supply for rapidly growing population, much higher
level of nutrients supply to plant is needed to enhance the crop yields
with a highly increased cropping intensity. The intensive cropping
systems drain the soil heavily of available nutrients, which need's
replenishment. Organic matter is of great importance for the
maintenance of soil, i.e. soil structure, soil bioactivity, soil exchange
capacity and water holding capacity (NFDC, 1998).

Another way of supplying nutrients to soil system is through biological

inoculum but it also need large amount of organic matter and
moreover, it alone can not favor the plant nutrient supply to soil
ecosystem (Hussain et al., 1991).

Consequently, an alternate system of nutrient supply can be replaced

by one through the integration of Productive Microbes inoculum along
with organic/inorganic materials. Mixed culture of beneficial
microorganisms such as photosynthetic bacteria (Rhodopseudomonas
sp) lactic acid bacteria (lactobacillus sp.), yeast (saccharomyces sp.)
and fermenting fungi (Higa and Wididana, 1991; Higa and Parr, 1994)
can positively improve the soil fertility as well as plant productivity.

Since most farmers in under development countries are poor and can
not afford to add chemical fertilizers at recommended rates to their
crops, therefore to proper management of natural nutrient supply,
natural flows and cycles and to develop production system that utilizes
the integrated use of mineral, organic and biological means of plant
nutrients for economical and sustainable crop production.

New concepts such as alternative agriculture, sustainable agriculture,

soil quality, integrated pest management, integrated nutrient
management and even beneficial microorganisms are being explored
by the agricultural research establishment (National Academy of
Sciences, 1989; Reganold et al., 1990; Parr et al., 1992).

The use of mixed cultures of beneficial microorganisms as soil

inoculants is based on the principles of natural ecosystems which are
sustained by their constituents; that is, by the quality and quantity of
their inhabitants and specific ecological parameters, i.e., the greater
the diversity and number of the inhabitants, the higher the order of
their interaction and the more stable the ecosystem. The mixed culture
approach is simply an effort to apply these principles to natural
systems such as agricultural soils, and to shift the microbiological
equilibrium in favor of increased plant growth, production and
protection (Higa, 1991, 1994; Parr et al., 1994).

For many years microbiologists have tried to culture beneficial

microorganisms for use as soil inoculants to overcome the harmful
effects of phytopathogenic organisms, including bacteria, fungi, and
nematodes. Such attempts have usually involved single applications of
pure cultures of microorganisms, which have been largely unsuccessful
for several reasons.

Productive Microbes act as effectiveand alenative tool for manipulation

and managing the overall microbial ecology of complex and diverse
systems. Microorganisms are in abundance everywhere and have a
large influence on biological and chemical qualities such as the extent
of putrefaction, fermentation, disease and oxidation of any
system.Developing Productive Microbes consortia for the ability to
manage these microbial population on a large scale in an economically
viable way.PM going to be become a revolutionary tool for managing
the dominant microbial populations and increasing the efficiency of
most systems.

Productive Microbes (PM) intelligently enhances ecological harmony,

adapting to each circumstance rather than being an indiscriminate
antibiotic, antifungal, herbicide or insecticide. It triggers nature’s
innate balancing mechanism to re-establish equilibrium in a
sustainable way.