AERODYNAMICS MIDTERM EXAM #3

1) What is the definition of power?

a) The ability to do work

b) Work done per unit of time
c) Energy due to motion
d) Mass times acceleration

2) What is the definition of density?

a) Force per unit area

b) Mass per unit of volume
c) Mass times gravity
d) Mass times velocity squared

3) What is an example of an aircraft operating under Newton’s Law of Equilibrium?

a) An aircraft making a turn while maintaining constant true airspeed (TAS) and altitude
b) An aircraft maintaining straight and level flight at a constant TAS
c) An aircraft pulling out of a dive at a constant TAS
d) An aircraft accelerating in straight and level flight due to an increase in thrust

4) How does an increase in altitude affect static pressure?

a) Increases
b) No change
c) Decreases

5) What would cause an increase in the density of air?

a) Increase in altitude
b) Decrease in pressure
c) Increase in temperature
d) Decrease in altitude

6) What property is the Greek letter p (Rho) used to represent?

a) Density
b) Temperature
c) Pressure
d) Viscosity

7) What affect does an increase in altitude have on the speed of sound and why?

a) Increase due to decrease in temperature

b) Decrease due to decrease in density
c) Increase due to decrease in pressure
d) Decrease due to decrease in temperature

8) What atmospheric conditions would provide the greatest air density?

 a) Hot temperature, low static pressure, low humidity
b) Hot temperature, low static pressure, high humidity
c) Cold temperature, low static pressure, high humidity
d) Cold temperature, high static pressure, low humidity

Airplane Terminology

9) What are the five major components of an airplane?

a) Wings, fuselage, empennage, landing gear, engine

b) Wings, cockpit, empennage, flaps, engine
c) Fuselage, rudder, empennage, ailerons, engine
d) Fuselage, empennage, engine/transmission assembly, vertical stabilizer, tail rudder

10) Pitch is defined as the motion of the longitudinal axis about which axis?

a) Longitudinal
b) Lateral
c) Vertical
d) The horizon

11) All motion or changes in an aircraft’s attitude occurs about which position?

a) Aerodynamic center (AC)

b) Center of pressure (CP)
c) Center of gravity (CG)
d) The cockpit

12) What control surface is used for longitudinal control?

a) Rudder
b) Elevators
c) Ailerons
d) Flaps

13) The wing of the T-34 are tapered to:

a) Increase weight, improve structural stiffness, reduce wing tip vortices

b) Reduce weight, improve structural stiffness, reduce wing tip vortices
c) Reduce weight, remove structural stiffness, reduce wing tip vortices
d) Increase weight, improve structural stiffness, and increase wing tip vortices

14) What control surfaces control roll?

a) Elevators
b) Rudder
c) Control stick
d) Ailerons

15) Aspect ration (AR) is:

a) The ratio of the wingspan to the tip of the chord (CT)

b) The ratio of the root chord (C2) to the tip of the chord (CT)
 c) The ratio of the wingspan to the average chord (c)
d) The ration of wingspan to the root chord (C2)

16) The fuselage construction of the T-34 is:

a) Full cantilever
b) Full monocoque
c) Semi-monocoque
d) Paper mache

Basic Aerodynamic Principles

17) What four airflow properties must remain constant on an airfoil to have a steady airflow?

a) Viscosity, temperature, pressure, density

b) Velocity, temperature, pressure, density
c) Lift, weight, thrust, drag
d) Friction, viscosity, density, lift

18) What is the continuity equation for an incompressible airflow?

a) F = m x a
b) A1V1 = A2V2
c) HT = q + P3
d) q = 1/2pV2

Lift and Stalls

19) What is the angle of the chord line of an airfoil and the relative wind?

a) Angle of attack
b) Angle of incidence
c) Pitch angle
d) Slideslip angle

20) What is the static pressure distribution about a positively cambered airfoil at zero angle of attack in
level flight?

a) The static pressure distribution is equal over all portions of the airfoil
b) The static pressure distribution is less over the upper surface of the airfoil
c) The static pressure distribution is less over the lower surface of the airfoil
d) The static pressure over the upper surface is equal to atmospheric static pressure

21) What is the aerodynamic lift equation?

a) L = qSCF
b) L = qSCL
c) L = qSCD
d) L = qSCMACC

22) What must a pilot do to accelerate an aircraft, yet maintain constant altitude?

a) Add thrust and decrease lift as TAS increases

b) Add thrust and increase angle of attack as TAS increases
c) Add thrust and decrease angle of attack as TAS increases
d) Reduce thrust and increase angle of attack as TAS increases
23) What is the cause of a stall if an aircraft rolls into a 60 degree angle of bank turn and pulls 3 g’s at 200
knots?

a) Excessive angle of bank

b) Excessive g loading
c) Excessive airspeed
d) Excessive angle of attack

24) According to the lift equation, in a slow speed situation such as landing, angle of attack will be:

a) Smaller than at cruising speed because we need less lift

b) Larger than at cruising speed in order to maintain the same lift at slower velocities
c) Dependent upon drag
d) None of the above

25) How do you compute Aerodynamic Surface Area (Wing Surface Area)?

a) Divide the wingspan by average chord

b) Multiply wingspan by average chord
c) Squaring average chord
d) Squaring the wingspan

26) What type of airflow and associated energy levels comprise the boundary layer?

a) The boundary layer has high energy laminar flow

b) The boundary layer has low energy turbulent flow
c) The boundary layer is comprised of both laminar and turbulent airflow with
the laminar airflow having the highest energy level
d) The boundary layer is comprised of both laminar and turbulent airflow with
the turbulent airflow having the highest energy level

27) Which of the following are two types of BLC devices?

a) Fixed slots and regulated slots

b) Fixed slots and automatic slots
c) Broken slots and fixed slots
d) Intermittent slots and fixed slots

Drag and Wake Turbulence

28) Drag is:

a) Parallel to the chord line

b) Parallel to the thrust vector
c) Perpendicular to the lift vector
d) Parallel to the centerline of the fuselage

29) Airfoil efficiency at various angles of attack is expressed by the ratio of:

a) Lift to dynamic pressure

b) Lift to drag
c) Lift to weight
d) Lift to velocity

30) High induced drag is associated with low angles of attack.

 a) True
b) False

31) Parasite drag always decreases with increases in velocity.

a) True
b) False

32) L/D Maximum AOA is equivalent to all but which of the following.

a) Minimum drag AOA

b) AOA where parasite drag equals induced drag
c) Maximum lift AOA
d) Wing’s most efficient AOA

33) What change in induced drag occurs as airfoil angle of attack increases in a stall?

a) Induced drag increases as lift decrease

b) Induced drag decreases as lift increases
c) Induced drag remains constant as lift decreases

34) Vortices may instantly change the direction of the:

a) Crosswind
b) Headwind
c) Relative wind
d) None of the above

35) Small planes have nothing to worry about when operating within 3 rotor diameters of a hovering
helicopter.

a) True
b) False

Thrust and Power

36) Thrust required refers to:

a) The amount of thrust that is required to overcome drag

b) The amount of thrust needed to reduce drag
c) The amount of thrust needed to maintain constant speed when flying into a headwind
d) The amount of thrust needed to lift the weight of the plane

37) To find power required:

a) Multiply trust required by drag

b) Multiply thrust required by velocity
c) Divide thrust required by drag
d) Divide thrust required by velocity

38) As the throttle is retarded, thrust available:

a) Decreases
 b) Increases
c) Remains constant

39) In a turboprop engine, its output is called:

a) Propeller efficiency (p.e.)

b) Thrust horsepower (THP)
c) Shaft horsepower (SHP)
d) Horsepower

40) Thrust horsepower refers to:

a) Engine output
b) Propeller output
c) The torque produced by the engine
d) None of the above

41) The T-34’s greatest maintainable airspeed without descending is:

a) 490 KIAS at sea level

b) 390 KIAS at sea level
c) 190 KIAS at sea level
d) 90 KIAS at sea level

42) If a plane is in equilibrium flight at zero angle of attack, an increase in weight requires:

a) Decrease in thrust required

b) Increase in thrust required
c) Decrease in power required
d) Decrease in power available

43) With an increase in altitude, the power required curve shifts:

a) Up and right
b) Down and right
c) Up and left
d) Right only

KEY

1) b
2) b
3) b
4) c
5) d
6) a
7) d
8) d
9) a
10) b
11) c
12) c
13) b
14) d
15) c
16) c
17) b
18) b
19) a
20) b
21) b
22) c
23) d
24) b
25) b
26) c
27) b
28) c
29) b
30) b
31) a
32) c
33) a
34) c
35) b
36) a
37) b
38) a
39) a
40) b
41) c
42) b
43) a