Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Design Considerations
Safety of Operation
Pressure and Temperature ratings
Interlocks for sequential operations
Emergency shutdown features
Power failure locks
Operation speed
Environment conditions
1
Design Considerations
Meet functional requirements
Meet required performance specification
Life expectancy same as machine
Facilitate good maintenance practice
Compatibility with electrical and mechanical
components
Withstand operational hazards
Design Considerations
Efficiency of Operation
Keep system Simple, Safe and Functional
Access to parts need repair or adjustment
Design to keep min operational cost
Design to prevent and remove contamination.
2
Linear Circuits
Simple reciprocating circuit
• Reservoir
• Strainer
• Pump
• Flexible coupling
• Electric Motor
• Connectors
• Relief valve
• DCV – 4 way
• Hyd. Cylinder
3
Circuit Design Approach
Cylinder Selection Reasoning
Large Diameter Cylinder
Operates at Low Pressure
4
Circuit Design Approach
What Size reservoir should be used?
2.5-3.0 times the pump capacity
What size of Electric Motor needed?
Calculate power required to run Pump
Consider efficiency of pump
Shaft size, type and electric source
5
Control of a Single Acting Hydraulic
Cylinder
Two Position
Three Way
Manually Actuated
Spring Offset
DCV
Three Position
Four Way
Manually Actuated
Spring Centered
DCV
6
Regenerative Circuit
Qt
Pressurized fluid
discharge returned
to system
Speed up
Extend Retract Qr
extending speed
Retraction bypass Qp
DCV
Qt = Qp + Qr
Left envelope –
Slow feed
Right envelope –
Retracts piston
7
PUMP Unloading circuit
Unloading valve
unloads the pump
at the ends of
extending and
retracting strokes
As well as in
spring centered
position of DCV
8
Counterbalance Valve
To keep vertically
mounted cylinder in
upward position while
pump is idling.
Counterbalance
valve is set to open
at slightly above the
pressure required to
hold the piston up.
9
Automatic Cylinder Reciprocating
System
Two sequence
valve sensing
strokes completion
by corresponding
pressure build up.
10
Cylinder Synchronizing Circuit
11
Cylinder Synchronizing Circuit
Ap2 = Ap1-Ar1
P3 = 0
P1Ap1 = F1+F2
12
Fail Safe Circuit
Designed to prevent injury to operator or
damage to equipment.
Prevent Cylinder from
accidentally falling on an
Operator in the event of:
Hydraulic line ruptures
Person inadvertently operates
manual override on Pilot
actuated DCV when pump not
operating
13
Two hand Safety Circuit
Designed to protect
an operator from
injury.
For circuit to
function, operator
must depress both
manually actuated
valves.
Any one button
prevents operation.
14
Speed Control of a Hydraulic Motor
15
Hydraulic Motor Braking System
Hydrostatic Transmission
Open Circuit Drives
Pump draws fluid from reservoir
Pump output directed to Hydraulic Motor
Discharge from Motor into reservoir
16
Closed Circuit One-Direction
Hydrostatic Transmission
Closed Circuit that
allows only one direction
of motor rotation.
Motor speed varied by
changing pump
displacement.
Torque capacity of motor
adjusted by pressure
setting of the relief valve.
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