Seventh Economic Census

2019

Guide for Enumerators & Supervisors

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Index
ABBREVIATIONS/ACRONYMS USED ................................................................................................................. 3
GLOSSARY ........................................................................................................................................................ 4
INTRODUCTION TO ECONOMIC CENSUS .......................................................................................................... 6
ECONOMIC CENSUS .................................................................................................................................................. 7
NEED FOR ECONOMIC CENSUS:................................................................................................................................... 7
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES FOR 7TH ECONOMIC CENSUS: .......................................................................................... 8
SCOPE & COVERAGE FOR 7TH ECONOMIC CENSUS: ........................................................................................................ 9
BROAD GOVERNANCE & OPERATIONAL STRUCTURE ..................................................................................................... 11
KEY STAKEHOLDERS: ............................................................................................................................................... 12
ENUMERATION PROCESS ................................................................................................................................16
ENUMERATION AREA (EA)....................................................................................................................................... 17
ROLES & RESPONSIBILITIES – ENUMERATOR & SUPERVISOR ........................................................................................... 18
THE ENUMERATION PROCESS ................................................................................................................................... 24
THE SUPERVISION PROCESS – LEVEL 1........................................................................................................................ 25
SOFT SKILLS .....................................................................................................................................................28
KEY SKILLS REQUIRED FOR SUCCESS ........................................................................................................................... 30
SOME TIPS ON ENUMERATION .................................................................................................................................. 34
HANDLING THE INTERVIEW PROCESS .......................................................................................................................... 37
DO’S & DON’TS OF THE INTERVIEW PROCESS .............................................................................................................. 38
CENSUS HOUSE, HOUSE HOLDS & ESTABLISHMENTS ......................................................................................40
ECONOMIC CENSUS HOUSE...................................................................................................................................... 41
HOUSEHOLD ......................................................................................................................................................... 44
INTRODUCTION TO ESTABLISHMENTS ......................................................................................................................... 48
NIC CODES - DETAILS & EXCLUSIONS......................................................................................................................... 47
TYPES OF ESTABLISHMENT: ....................................................................................................................................... 53
SCHEDULE EC 7.0 .............................................................................................................................................64
FIELDS OF SCHEDULE 7 NOT COVERED IN OTHER SECTIONS OF THE MANUAL ....................................................................... 65
MOBILE APP WALK THRU ........................................................................................................................................ 73
FAQ’S ..............................................................................................................................................................98
PROCESS FAQ’S .................................................................................................................................................... 98
GENERAL QUESTIONS FOR ENUMERATORS AND SUPERVISORS .......................................................................................106
ANNEXURES .................................................................................................................................................. 108
1. RELEVANT SECTIONS OF THE COLLECTION OF STATISTICS ACT 2008 ...........................................................................108
2. SCHEDULE 7.0 .................................................................................................................................................109
3. NIC CODE LIST ................................................................................................................................................115

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Abbreviations/Acronyms used

CSA Collection of Statistics Act 2008

CSO Central Statistics Office
DES Directorate of Economics & Statistics
EA Enumeration Area– Area allocated to the Enumerator
EC Economic Census
EPFO Employee Provident Fund Organization
ESD Economic Statistics Division of CSO
ESIC Employee State Insurance Corporation
FOD Field Operations Division
HH Household
IMF International Monetary Fund
MGNREGS Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme
MOSPI Ministry of Statistics & Program Implementation
n.e.c Not Elsewhere Classified
NIC National Industrial Classification
NPI Non Profit Institution
NSSO National Sample Survey Office
OPEC Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
PSU Public Sector Undertaking
SHG Self Help Group
UFS Urban Frame Survey
UT Union Territories
VLE Village Level Entrepreneur

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Glossary
Urban Area/ Towns – A Town / Urban area is classified based on the following criteria:
 All places with a municipality, corporation, cantonment board or notified town
area committee, etc.
 All other place satisfying the following three criteria simultaneously:
 A minimum population of 5,000
 At least 75% of male working population engaged in non-agricultural pursuits
 A population density of at least 400 per sq. km.
The first category of urban units are known as Statutory Towns while the second
category of towns is known as Census Towns, identified based on last Census.

Rural Area/ Census Villages– All areas, which are not identified as urban. The basic
unit for rural areas is revenue village.

Urban Frame Survey (UFS) Block– UFS block has been envisaged to be a compact area
unit, with 80-200 households in general and the block is bounded by well defined,
clear-cut natural boundaries to the extent possible. The blocks are mutually exclusive
and exhaustive so that the blocks carved out in any given town add up to the total area
of the town.

Investigator (IV) Unit – The term ‘Investigator Unit (IV Unit)’ is simply a
connotation used for an intermediate unit between town and blocks within the town.
By convention it is a geographically compact and clearly demarcated area with a
population of about 20,000. In terms of number of blocks, an IV Unit generally consists
of about 20 to 50 blocks.

Enumeration Area – a specific area allotted to a specific Enumerator for the purpose
of carrying out of Census Operations. It would typically be UFS Block (urban areas) or
a Village (rural areas). However, depending on the size of the village / block, there may
be more than one EA in a UFS bock or village.

Economic Census (EC) House – a building or a part of a building having a separate main
entrance from the road or common courtyard or staircase, etc. used or recognized as
a separate unit. It may be occupied or vacant. It may be used for residential,
commercial or for both purposes.

 Residential – all EC houses being used for residential purposes. It is possible that
there might be some economic activity taking place either within the house or
outside but not from any permanent structure

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 Commercial – all EC houses where only commercial / economic activity is taking
place

 Others – any EC house that is not falling under either Residential or Commercial
category

Household – A group of persons normally living together and taking food from a
common kitchen constitutes a household. A household may contain one or more
members. Members of the household may or may not be related by blood.

Establishment – An establishment is a unit situated in a single location in which

predominantly one kind of economic activity is carried out such that at least a part of
the goods and/or services produced by the unit goes for sale.

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Introduction to Economic Census
LEARNING OUTCOMES

By the end of this module, you should be able to:

 Understand Economic Census

 Understand Need for Economic Census
 Understand the Importance of Economic Census
 Understand Scope and Coverage of 7th Economic Census

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Economic Census

The Economic Census is a complete count of establishments located within the geographical
boundary of India.

Economic Census provides disaggregated information on various operational and structural

variables of all establishments in the country. It also provides valuable insights into
geographical spread/clusters of economic activities, ownership pattern, persons engaged, etc.
of all economic establishments in the country. All this information is very important for
policymakers in the government at all levels for evolving policy interventions. It also provides
an updated sampling frame for follow-up enterprise surveys undertaken for detailed and
comprehensive analysis of all establishments in the country.

Need for Economic Census:

Economic Census gives a detailed account of the state of the economy, prospects and the
policy challenges. It carries sectoral overviews and comments on reform measures that are
required. The survey’s outlook serves as a marker about future policy moves. As such the
Economic Census serves the following requirements:

 A nation-wide Dynamic Statistical Business Register as per international practices adopted

by developing countries and in line with the UNSD recommendations.
 Detailed information on economic variables, activity wise, of all the non farm agricultural
and non-agricultural establishments of the country including its distribution at all India,
State, District, Village/Ward levels for comprehensive analysis of the structure of the
economy.
 Information on establishments registered under MSME Development Act, their assets and
other economic criteria.
 Information on number of workers working in establishments (which are under
operation), activity wise and area wise.
 List of all establishments tagged by geographical location up to village/ward level for local
level planning purposes.

Economic Censuses conducted so far

So far six Economic Censuses have been conducted so far in the country. In 1976, Government
of India launched a plan scheme called “Economic Census and Surveys” and quickly in 1977
Central Statistical Organization conducted first economic census in collaboration with
Directorate of Economics & Statistics (DES) in the States/ Union Territories. Second Economic
Census conducted in 1980 and the third, in 1990 were conducted along with house-listing
operations of Population Census 1981 and 1991 respectively.

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The last three Economic Censuses were conducted by the Directorates of Economics and
Statistics of the States under the overall guidance of the Central Statistics Office (CSO)

Economic Census Year Conducted

First Economic Census 1977

Second Economic Census 1980

Third Economic Census 1990

Fourth Economic Census 1998

Fifth Economic Census 2005

Sixth Economic Census 2013

Background and Objectives for 7th Economic Census:

The non-farm economic activities carried out in India have a lot of diversity in terms of
organization and management. They are carried out by units registered /licensed under
various laws and regulations or by self-employed/ own account establishments not
registered/licensed. Some of them operate in fixed visible premises and some operate within
household categorized as invisible units. The mode of operation could also vary from seasonal
/ casual to perennial. Some may be focused on servicing specific needs and some may be
dealing in multiple activities (e.g. retail shops having a food stall & a mobile repair shop).

With so much diversity, the units engaged in non-farm economic activities, if measured
properly, will give indications about location-wise economic activities, occupations,
employment and relatively inactive locations in terms of the characteristics measured.

Conducting periodic Economic Census has been the means of measuring the diversity of non-
farm economic activities in all its major dimensions.

Seventh Economic Census has specific objectives for updation of the economic units and
providing location tag to the units or to their clustering.
 In respect of units operating in fixed premises/ locations, the Economic Census is expected
to provide updates on units actually operative to the concerned registering /licensing
authorities, most of whom have no mechanism to maintain live registers.

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 In respect of units without fixed premises /location and invisible units, the Economic
Census is expected to provide location-wise information on number of units along with
other characteristics.

 The census also provides information on clustering of various economic activities/

occupations at different locations and on lack of adequate involvement in such vocations
in some locations.

Statistical measurement of non-farm sector requires differential treatment in coverage of

units both larger and smaller in size. Larger units will be organized into a dynamic register,
known as ‘Business Register’. The other components (unorganized or informal sector) will be
organized into location-wise information, to be used as frame for conducting periodic sample
surveys for further studies.

Scope & Coverage for 7th Economic Census:

 All establishments including household enterprises, engaged in production or distribution

of goods/services (other than for the sole purpose of own consumption) in agricultural
(except crop production and plantation) and non-agricultural sector (except those
engaged in in public administration, defence, compulsory social security, activities of
households as employers of domestic personnel, activities of territorial organizations and
bodies and illegal activities) will be counted.

 All households and establishments are proposed to be covered in the 7th Economic
Census.

 Wards (in the urban areas) and villages (in the rural areas) will form the primary
geographical unit.

 Establishments with fixed structures are proposed to be covered at the place of their
operation. On the other hand, economic activities that are carried out without any fixed
structures are proposed to be covered at the place of the residence of the owner. All types
of establishments (perennial, seasonal and casual), existing on the date of census, though
may not be in operation on the day due to certain reasons, are also proposed to be
covered in the census.

 In the 7th Economic Census, it is envisaged that there would be 100% coverage with no
omissions. Data collected for individuals will not be shared.

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Exclusions – some examples:

Public Administration Agriculture Defence Services

House maids & other

Domestic workers

International Organizations

Illegal Activities

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Broad Governance & Operational Structure

The Government had appointed a Task Force on Improving Employment Data in May, 2017,
under the Chairpersonship of Vice Chairman, NITI Aayog to suggest ways and means of
improving employment data.

The Task Force made various recommendations in its report submitted in August 2017,
including that the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation may undertake the
Economic Census every 3 years, beginning with the 7th Economic Census so that more
frequent information on the various economic characteristics of establishments are made
available.

Based upon learning of previous Economic Censuses, it is proposed to conduct the 7th
Economic Census in 2019 with advanced ICT tools and applications. The 7th Economic Census
will be conducted using state-of –the-art ICT platform that would facilitate:

 Geo-codes embedded data collection on mobile devises

 Real – time data validation and scrutiny
 Monitoring and supervision using interactive MIS dashboards

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Key Stakeholders:

Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation (MOSPI) will be conducting the 7th
Economic Census of India. For this purpose, the following Committees have been formed for
guidance, directions & approvals:

 Steering Committee
 Expert Group
 IT Committee
Commented [VK1]: Need help in populating these
Implementing Agency:

Common Services Centers (CSC) e-Governance Services Limited (a Special Purpose Vehicle
company) formed under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY),
Government of India has been selected as the implementation agency for the development of
desired ICT platform system and conduct fieldwork for 7th Economic Census.

CSC-SPV has a network of CSCs created under Nationale-Governance Plan (NeGP) as core front
end infrastructure at the Gram Panchayat level (called Village Level Entrepreneur – VLE). CSCs
are the access points for delivery of essential public utility services, social welfare schemes,
healthcare, financial, education and agriculture services, apart from host of B2C services to
citizens in rural and remote areas of the country.

It is a pan-India network catering to regional, geographic, linguistic and cultural diversity of

the country, thus enabling the Government’s mandate of a socially, financially and digitally
inclusive society.

CSC shall mobilize and engage required manpower for a successful conduct of the 7th EC.
Following major activities are to be undertaken by CSC-SPV

 Development of IT Application for accomplishing the conduct of 7 th EC

 Data Preparation – to ensure best usage of administrative datasets and information
available with central/state government enterprise registers
 Deployment of field enumerators and supervisors
 Train the VLE staff/additional resources deployed by CSC for the enumeration and
supervision work. This trained manpower will be undertaking examination to qualify as
enumerator or supervisor for the 7th EC. The shortlisted candidates would be certified,
and they would be eligible for conducting 7th EC enumeration and/or supervision
 Deploy certified manpower and provide access to CSC network/mobile application for
data collection. Subsequently augment manpower for data collection & supervision and
ensure quality & coverage, wherever necessary
 Continuous training and capacity building of enumerators/supervisors through
audio/video tutorials, FAQs, helpdesk support, webinar, etc

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 Data Collection – to collect 7th EC household and establishment information along with
their geo coordinates through mobile application, developed by CSC
 Data Validation – to ensure that the 7th EC data quality and coverage is conforming to
benchmarks and norms
 Monitoring and supervision Dashboard – to monitor the progress of 7th EC activities and
release of milestones
 Data Dissemination – to make available the 7th EC data to stakeholders for information
and analysis
 Technical Support Group (TSG) to support MOSPI in the smooth rollout of the 7th EC
project, coordination with various stakeholders, monitoring & management of the project

Other Stakeholders

State Governments– Multilevel intervention is required at the state level by the respective
State government with necessary engagement at each step. Their invaluable support is
required in:
 Necessary coordination with state departments and administrative units
 Nominating the Nodal officers to actively participate in the project and to manage system
aspect like on boarding and allocation of supervision work
 Helping to resolve issues in Local Government (LG) Directory and Census code to make a
frame of primary units for conducting Census.
 Providing State Business Register for validation and benchmarking
 Formation of State Level Coordination Committee and District Level Coordination
Committee
 Review of project progress
 Participation in level 2 supervision
 Benchmarking and validating the census work
 Publication of State and District results of 7th EC
 Development of State Business Register based on 7th EC.
 Issuance of letter to various administrative and Local Self Government offices for creation
of awareness & sensitization and Support to the 7th EC
 Facilitate and participate in District/Sub-District Level Training programmes

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NSSO (FOD) – Support & guidance in capacity building, supervision and process at both Central
and State level in different phases of the Census.

Planning Phase
 Support by FOD Head Quarters to CSC SPV in devising principles of dividing villages into
manageable units of enumeration – in case of large villages (more than 500 households)
 Appointment of Nodal Officer / Single Point of Contact for Economic Census 2019 by
concerned FOD Zonal Offices/ State Regional Offices/ Regional Offices for coordination
with States and CSC SPV.
 Providing UFS maps and schedules of IV Units by FOD State RO/ RO to CSC SPV
 Support and guide CSC SPV resources in identification of Ward numbers related to UFS
blocks and IV units.
 Participation in pilot project and pre-pilot projects for monitoring and level 2 supervision.
 Provide observation and feedback on the pre-pilot and pilot projects for smoothening and
fixing the processes and methodologies to ensure correct mechanism being developed
for survey and supervision.

Training & Capacity Building Phase

 Participation and delivery of sessions on field operations at National Level Workshop.
 Participation and delivery of sessions on field operation on Day 1 of State / District level
training workshop
 Participation and delivery of on field training to the participants of State / District level
training through usage of Mobile APP developed by CSC SPV on Day 2 of the workshop

Survey Phase
 Using IT Application developed by CSC SPV for administering the enumeration/
verification/ Level 2 supervision.
 On boarding of Supervisors from FOD for level 2 supervision by using either mobile based
app or web-based application as the case may be.
 Close coordination with ESD, State Governments and CSC SPV for ensuring the quality of
data capture and ensuring the project timelines.

Post Survey Phase

 Coordinate with state and District administration and committees for publication of
District/ State Level provisional Economic Census 2019 statistical reports.

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15
Enumeration Process
LEARNING OUTCOMES

By the end of this module, you should be able to:

 Understand Enumeration Area

 Understand your role as Enumerator / Supervisor
 Understand the Process of Enumeration

As an enumerator, the primary role is to collect the required information on the identified
parameters using the mobile application & ensuring 100% coverage and accuracy of the data
in your allocated area.

In urban areas, the “unit” of enumeration is an “UFS Block” and in the rural areas, the unit of
enumeration is a “Village”. In many cases, where the area/ population of a particular UFS
Block or village is unmanageable, it will be divided/ bifurcated in smaller areas called
Enumeration Area (EA). It will help in managing the field work and may be a basis for
allocation among the enumerators. Thus, the area allocated to the enumerator will be
referred to as “Enumeration Area”

As an Enumerator, your first duty in the field is to identify the EA allotted to you. This could
be a UFS block / Village or a part thereof in case of large villages. While doing so, you should
not omit / exclude any structure/building falling within the area allotted to you.

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Enumeration Area (EA)

'Enumeration Area (EA) means a specific area allotted to a specific Enumerator for the purpose
of carrying out of Census Operations. The EA map will be made available to you.

In urban areas, the UFS (Urban Frame Survey) Block would be used as the base unit for the
actual enumeration process.

Care needs to be taken to list all the structures and households/ establishments found in the
structure located within your EA. It is to be ensured that each household is visited and
enquired and no establishment either located within the household or outside but without
fixed structure run by household members, is left out, for which necessary probing has to be
made in the household.

Note: You may also find some households living in the buildings built in fields away from the
main habitation but within the boundary of the village/UFS Block. You are required to cover
such isolated buildings/households also. However, some of such households may have
another residence in the main habitation. In such cases you have to enumerate the
households at only one place. In case of rural area, village means revenue village which
includes main habitation as well the agriculture/ non-agriculture field.

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Roles & Responsibilities – Enumerator & Supervisor

Who is an Enumerator? What is the Job of an Enumerator?

Enumerators are people employed for enumeration/ field work. They will visit door-to-door,
to record structures, households and establishments and the related response/ information
to a pre-defined questionnaire.

Enumerator will carry an Identity Card as well as an Authorization Letter issued by the
competent authority to be used as and when required. The information collected about
individuals is kept absolutely confidential.

The first thing for the enumerator to do is to identify exactly the boundaries of the EA allotted
to him / her. The enumerators will get the details of the allocated area on the mobile app after
logging in. They must make sure that they do a proper scrutiny of the allocated area BEFORE
starting the enumeration process & demarcate the physical boundaries of the area from the
map given to them. In most cases – especially in the rural areas – they should speak to the
village head/ prominent citizens in the area & understand the boundaries of the EA.

The Collection of Statistics Act, 2008, empowers appropriate Government to notify and
appoint a Statistics Officer responsible for collection of data. The Act also puts responsibility
on informants for providing prescribed information truthfully. The Act also empowers
Statistics Officers to engage requisite manpower for collection of statistics and has enabling
provision for allowing access within household/ establishment premises for canvassing of
information.

The Act provides penalties for giving false answer or not giving answers at all. At the same
time, it calls upon the statistics officers to discharge their duties faithfully and warns them
against putting any question to a person which is not covered by the questionnaire and they
are required to record the answers as given by the person enumerated. One of the most
important provisions of the law is the guarantee it provides for the maintenance of secrecy
of the information collected at the census of each individual. The Act requires strict secrecy
to be maintained about the individual's record which should not be used for any purpose
against the individual except for an offence as prescribed within the law. The information thus
collected can be used only for statistical purposes in which the individual data get masked.

Therefore, as an Enumerator, you are empowered to collect statistical information under the
said Act. The respondents are obligated to provide you with the required information.
However, this does not empower you to collect information by force or coercion citing the
act. Under the same act you are also required to collect & furnish the correct information.
Submission of erroneous or incorrect data will be liable for prosecution under the CSA 2008.
Please make sure that all information collected & submitted by you is correct to the best of
your knowledge. Any misinformation / wrong / incomplete data as well as unauthorized
sharing of data will result in penalties or prosecution or both.

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Snippets from the CSA 2008

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Role of Enumerator in Economic Census:

Prior to Survey
 Attend the training classes, study the Questionnaire and manual carefully and
understand them thoroughly. If any part of instruction is not clear, ask your trainer for
clarification

 Obtain all the material needed for the Economic Census pertaining to your EA before
you leave the training centre at the end of the last training session

 All the structures, households and establishments are to be covered during the Survey.
It would be necessary to locate and identify every structure in your Enumeration Area

 Therefore, it would be essential for you to go around the block or village or area
assigned and become familiar with it and its main features.

 Consult the head of the village or the office of the counsellor in urban area or any
knowledgeable person and enquire about the village/ UFS block boundaries, likely
number of houses, households and establishments. Based on the information, in case
of large village having more than 500 households, decide about the number of EAs to
be formed and subsequently form the EAs along the roads/ streets/ nallas etc so that
no area is left out and the EAs are easily identified.

Prepare a notional map of the village along with the EAs formed, clearly showing the
landmarks and boundaries and likely number of houses, households and establishments in
each of the EAs.

During the Survey

 Go round the EA and identify its boundaries.

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  Visit each and every structure without exception. You need to start from the North
West Corner of the EA & cover it in a serpentine fashion as shown in the figure above.

 The complete information needs to be entered in the Mobile App

 Ensure that the entire area assigned to you is covered by visiting all the structures,
households and establishments falling within your EA

After the Survey

 Fill up your Daily Work Format

 Sync the application with the central server

 Make the route plan for the next day

 Fresh set of structures to be enumerated
 Structures to be re-visited as per feedback from the supervisor
 Structures that were temporarily locked (where you didn’t find any respondents)
– they need to be visited again!

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Who is a Supervisor? What is the Job of a Supervisor?

The Supervisor (here also known as Supervisor Level 1) is responsible for monitoring the work
of enumerator. 100% supervision of enumerators’ activity will be done by supervisors (as
defined in the process above) and the coverage & data quality, certified by the supervisor.

Qualification Criteria of Enumerator and Supervisor

 For Enumerator – Minimum Higher Secondary

 For Supervisor - Minimum Graduation

 The Enumerator & Supervisor should be above 18 years of age.

 The Enumerator & Supervisor should be fluent in speaking, reading and writing the local
language / dialect and should also have basic knowledge of the English language

 Enumerator & Supervisor must have a Smartphone and basic knowledge of internet

 Prior knowledge in basic computer skills would be a preferred advantage

 The Enumerator & Supervisor should be motivated enough with a sense of pride and
devotion to duty for national cause

The Village Level Entrepreneurs (VLEs) of CSC will engage Enumerators and Supervisors in each
centre based on the mapped workload of 7th EC.

Approximately 9 lakh enumerators would be engaged for data collection work and 3 lakh
would be engaged for supervision of the work done by the enumerators.

Village Level Entrepreneurs will register Enumerators and Supervisors on the system. Largely
VLEs would act as supervisors. In case VLE is not interested / unable to work as supervisor,
alternate arrangement would be made.

However, the allocation of EA to the enumerator & the subsequent allocation of enumerators
to the Supervisors is the VLE’s responsibility. They have to ensure that all enumerators under
their control are allocated EAs in an equitable fashion. Each enumerator should ideally cover
about 360-500 structures and therefore the EA needs to be allocated accordingly.

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Role of Supervisor Level 1 in Economic Census:

Prior to Survey
 Attend the training classes, study the Questionnaire and manual carefully and
understand them thoroughly. If any part of the instruction is not clear, ask your
trainer for clarification

 Have a thorough understanding of your allocated area – geographically as well as

demographically

 Ensure that you have spoken to the enumerators under your sphere of control & that
they understand their roles & responsibilities

 Be very clear on all concepts / guidelines since you will be getting questions from the
enumerators

During the Survey

 Ensure that the enumerators are carrying out the work as per norms & guidelines

 Go through the boundary of the village/ UFS block and certify that the notional map,
formation of EAs, if formed are correct and the coverage is complete and nothing is
left out.

 Take a daily report / feedback from the enumerators at the end of the day

 Carry out the level 1 supervision as per the guidelines and the process mentioned
below.

After the Survey

 Enter the post supervision comments / inputs / feedback in the app

 Intimate the concerned enumerator of corrective action required (if any)

 Complete your own daily activity report

 Sync the application with the central server

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The Enumeration Process

 The 7th EC enumeration will be carried out by on field enumerators with the help of a
mobile application

 Each enumerator has to cover each structure in his assigned EA

 Enumerator needs to carefully fill the details after confirming with the respondents so
as to ensure accuracy of data

 The Enumerator should check the entries once before clicking the submit button on
the app. Once the data is submitted, it cannot be accessed again.

 Once the information collected is submitted by the enumerator, a text message will be
sent to the respondent’s mobile number with a request to acknowledge the validity of
data.

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The Supervision Process – Level 1

 The supervisor will get the details of all completed surveys in his sphere of control (all
enumerators under him) on his dashboard. He has to carry out a 100% check on the
data

 Data verification needs to be done only on some critical fields that will be visible to the
supervisor & not the complete data

 The supervisor needs to physically visit each structure covered and verify the requisite
information

 The supervisor will have the rights to edit the information through the mobile app

 The supervisor should also try & find out if any structure / households/ establishments
have been left in the survey carried out by the enumerator(s) under his supervision

 The VLE, on his dashboard will need to record the number of Households / total
population at Village / IV Unit / UFS block level before the survey in consultation with
local body representatives

 Based on this, a validation check will be run to identify instances of “under counting”
or “over counting”.

 In case of an “under count”, the supervisor needs to identify whether some structures
have been missed or there are genuine reasons for the under count.

 In case some structures have been missed, the enumerator has to visit again and
complete the survey in the missed structures. The verification of these structures by
the supervisor will need to be done again

 In case there are genuine reasons for the under count, the supervisor will record his
comments in the relevant section of the mobile app

 Cases of “over count” need to be verified on the field. If the cases are genuine, the
supervisor needs to record his comments.

 Data once submitted by the supervisor, will then be submitted for supervision level 2
as per the defined norms & criteria

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Role of Supervisor Level 2 in Economic Census:

 The 2nd level supervision will include:

 Process Verification
 Data Verification

 It will be carried out on a total of 10% of data collected by enumerators

 8% of the data will be verified by the State
 2% of the data will be verified by FOD

 Data allocated to Level 2 supervisors will be mapped to Level 1 supervisors & NOT to
individual enumerators

 The first phase of field data collection would be utilized for the process verification.
This phase will typically begin around day 5 of the enumeration process starting in
the allocated area.

 The parameters to be checked are as follows:

 Can the Enumerator identify area boundaries?
 Is the Enumerator carrying ID card and authorization letter while on census
work?
 Can the Enumerator identify exclusions?
 Did the Enumerator follow protocol for EC House listing?
 Has the Enumerator omitted any establishment / household area?

 Feedback collected from the process phase will be passed on to CSC for necessary
action

 Data validation phase would typically start by about day 20 of the enumeration
process in the allocated area since by then there will be a reasonable data size that
would have been verified by the level 1 supervisor & the system will allocate a sub-
set (as per pre decided norms) of data for the 2nd level supervision

 The following principles would apply for the 2nd level supervision:
 Exclusions that will be identified based on a “heat map” generated by the
system through the Geo Location of the enumerator during survey
 Verification of outlier data generated through the survey
 Average time spent vs global average - e.g. if the average survey time in an area
is 9 mins & one enumerator’s average is 4.5 mins
 NIC Codes – exceptional NIC code in a specific area – e.g. a manufacturing unit
in the middle of a wholesale spice market
 No of workers – e.g. 1-2 workers in a manufacturing unit or 25 workers in a
small retail shop
 High instance of default numbers. Fields like Mobile number or PAN number
will have a default value to be given in case the respondent does not have /
26
 want to share the same. Too many instances of the default value being entered
will need to be verified

 At least 10 samples need to be verified for the following parameters in each sample
record:
 Has the Enumerator correctly (largely) identified number of household-based
establishments?
 Has the Enumerator correctly identified activity category (NIC 3 digit)?
 Has the Enumerator correctly identified number of workers (including
contractual workers)?
 Has the Enumerator captured ownership code correctly for establishment?
 Has the Enumerator filled registration details correctly?

27
Soft Skills
LEARNING OUTCOMES

By the end of this module, you should be able to:

 Understand the basics of Enumeration

 Understand & exhibit the Non-Domain skills required for the Interview Process
o Communication Skills
o Probing Skills
 Understand the Do’s & Don’ts of the Interview Process

28
The Oxford Dictionary defines Enumeration as “The action of establishing the number of
something”.

The Organization for Economic Cooperation & Development (OECD) defines an Enumerator
as follows:
“An Enumerator refers to survey personnel charged with carrying out that part of an
enumeration consisting of the counting and listing of people or assisting respondents in
answering the questions and in completing the questionnaire”

As an Enumerator for the 7th Economic Census you are performing a role of great national
importance. You are assisting the Government in collecting data that will be used for various
developmental schemes & decision making. It is therefore imperative that you take pride in
your job and execute it to the best of your ability. To do any job well, apart from the domain
knowledge, you need to understand the softer aspects of the job & the responsibility that
comes with it. A job well done in this case comprises accuracy & on time submission of data,
completeness of coverage and satisfied respondents.

Successful enumerators need a number of important characteristics. You need to be tactful,

conscientious, motivated to work and resourceful in handling communication problems with
respondents. You should be able to, by your attitude, obtain the respect and confidence of
the household and establishment.

You must be willing and able to work full time until the job is completed. You should work
carefully and diligently even when your Supervisor is not present.

Your success as an Enumerator is related to the degree to which you commit yourself to the
job. Your attitude, your knowledge of the Census and your ability to apply the learning from
this manual & the training program, All contribute to your development as an Enumerator.

Some key aspects that need to be kept in mind:

 Eliciting good data – some respondents are likely to have confidentiality concerns, so it is
of utmost importance that the enumerators make it clear throughout the interview, both
by stating so openly and in the way they approach sensitive topics, that there is no risk for
them in participating as all answers will be anonymized and kept confidential (please refer
to the relevant section of the CSA 2008 at Annexure 1 of this document)

 Time management – how long the interviews last, will vary depending on the
questionnaire and the respondent. While it is normal for the duration to vary, time
management will be essential if enumerators are to complete their target number of
29
 interviews each day. Not only does an overly long interview have the potential to cut short
another interview, it also risks not being completed.

Avoid getting into long conversations with the respondents on topics not concerned with
the survey. A lot of respondents will be knowing that you are representing the
Government and want to talk about things that do not concern the survey questionnaire!
Examples could be starting from the national political climate to the local road being dug
up!! Gently steer the conversation back to the questions you are asking – remember –
there is a set number of surveys that must be completed by you in the day!

Enumerators should have an idea of approximately how long they should spend on each
section of the questionnaire and should be especially careful with the more complex
sections as they risk taking longer if the respondent is not clear on what he or she is being
asked. A good understanding of the questions and concepts underlying each one will allow
enumerators to run through the interview at a good pace.

 Respondent fatigue can impact data quality and affect the results of the survey. It can
result from respondents becoming bored, tired, or uninterested with the interview and
begin to respond at a substandard level. This can be caused by several things, including an
overly long interview, poor interviewing skills, or unease with the questions being asked.
Enumerators can prevent this from happening by keeping the interview within a
reasonable time and by interacting with the respondent in an engaging and interested
manner.

Key Skills Required for Success

As an Enumerator you need to be an excellent communicator. Good communication, contrary

to what a lot of people think, is not about speaking good English! The ability to communicate
your thoughts & get the desired results from the interaction is great communication. In fact,
research has proved that out of all our communication, the words that we use are the least as
far as making an impact is concerned. Prof Albert Mehrabian of the University of California,
Los Angeles conducted a research on the importance of Body Language & Non-Verbal
Communications. His findings were that 55% of the communication is understood through
Body Language, 38% is understood through how we speak & only 7% is the actual words that
we use.

Let us understand this a little more. Some main elements of Body Language are Eye Contact,
Facial Expressions, Posture, Gestures, Personal Space etc. Let’s look at each of these:

1. Eye contact. It’s one of the first levels of connection that you share with another person. It
happens before you even say a word. We instinctively do not trust people who do not look
30
 at us in the eye – to build trust it is extremely important to have eye contact while speaking.
At the same time, you should be careful to not make the other person uncomfortable by
constantly staring at them

2. Facial expressions. Too often people forget that facial expressions are critical to competent
communication. The wrong expression can communicate disinterest, apathy, may be even
hostility to the respondent & they will not respond to your questions

3. Posture. Your posture says a lot about who you are and whether you should be taken
seriously. Stand tall (shoulders back and spine erect) to communicate confidence and
professionalism. Remember that even while sitting, posture conveys a very important
message about mindset. Always Maintain a professional posture.

4. Gestures. Gestures are an extension of communication whose purpose is to enhance verbal

communication. They add impact by showing, not just telling, which adds a layer of
engagement for the listener. Use your hands to enhance your communication. Again – be
careful not to overdo the gestures – too much flamboyance can look exaggerated!

5. Personal Space. All of us have a personal space or a body bubble. We are not comfortable
with people we do not know coming very close to us. This varies from culture to culture
but be careful to not invade the respondent’s body bubble. Maintain a respectful distance
while conducting the interview.

Another critical skill – specially for enumeration activity – is the ability to ask questions. A lot
of information that is required for filling the Schedule 7 needs to be elicited by means of asking
the right kind of questions. For example, if in a household containing 4 members, two are
wage earning, one is a student & one is a home maker – on the face of it there is no economic
activity happening. But there may be a member of the household who takes tuitions for
neighbourhood children, or prepares /some foodstuff at home for selling, or makes some
artefacts for selling. All of these are economic activities and will not come out unless a set of
skilful questions are asked. In this case for instance the following set of questions could be
asked:

1. So, do you do anything else apart from taking care of the household? (to the lady of the
house)
2. How do you occupy your spare time?
3. Are you pursuing something else apart from studying for your graduation?
4. How much milk do the cattle give? Is it all consumed in the household or is there some
left over to sell as well?

31
Similarly, a lot of people may not be able to give the Annual Turnover or may not be
comfortable sharing it. The enumerator can ask how much they make on a daily basis & then
calculate an average annual figure.

There are two types of questions that are asked in such situations. One is what are called
“Open Questions” & the other are called “Closed Questions”.
Open questions encourage the respondent to speak freely and do not limit the response. They
are typically used at the beginning of each discussion and whenever possible to build rapport.
Examples of open questions:

 So, what do you do for a living? – trying to understand if there is an economic activity
in the household
 How is the business this year? – trying to arrive at the annual turnover figure in a small
business
 Can you tell me a little more? For clarifying something

Closed questions are used when you need to direct the conversation to a topic that you choose
to talk about. It limits the customer response to that topic and to short answers. Sometimes a
closed probe can be answered by a simple ‘yes’ or ‘no’ answers. Examples:

 Can I ask you some questions?

 Does anyone in the house carry out any economic activity?
 What is the amount that you earn in the day?
 Is your unit registered with any authority?

The enumerator needs to keep his / her eyes & ears open & based on what he / she observes,
needs to ask the right kind of questions to elicit information.

To ask questions and get the right response, a key skill is Listening. A lot of time, we do not
listen, we just hear! Hearing is a physical act whereas listening is an attitude. Many a times
we do not listen because of certain biases or pre-conceived notions. For instance, we may not
pay any attention to a child since we think that we know more than him. Or if the person is
inferior in rank to us, we may not listen but if the speaker is senior to us then we will listen. In
the enumeration process, it is critical to listen actively since you may miss out on critical
information. What does it mean to listen actively?

 Do not interrupt – while the respondent is answering your query – do not jump in with
a comment or another question. Let him finish before you ask the next question

 Keep your thoughts, feelings & beliefs to yourself – please remember – it is the
respondent’s information that you are seeking. What you “feel” or “think” about it is
immaterial so DO NOT inject that into the conversation

32
 Stop talking – To others and to yourself. You can’t listen if you are talking.

 Look, act, and be interested. Display by your body language that you are actually
interested in what the respondent is saying.

 To ensure understanding, rephrase what the other person has just told you at key
points in the conversation. This is the “active listening “technique and it works very
well. Also helps clarify data points

 There are some barriers to listening that need to be avoided at all costs:
a. Boredom and / or Tiredness: Doing the same thing day after day, and asking the
same questions can get boring & monotonous. Boredom can result in carelessness
& therefore impact data quality. Please ensure that you take enough small breaks
during the day so that you are fresh for every interaction. If you look bored &
jaded, the respondent will also not be excited about sharing the information.

b. Environment: “So noisy! Too many distractions!” Most of the enumeration work,
specially in the urban commercial areas, will take place in noisy areas. You could
also have distractions by way of interested by-standers who just want to know
what’s going on & generally wasting time asking irrelevant questions. You need to
ensure that you keep yourself free from these distractions. Do not hesitate to ask
the respondent to clarify if you have not heard correctly.

c. Pre-Conceived Ideas: “I know it all”; “I don’t believe it”. This is one of the most
dangerous errors that an enumerator can make. Once you have gone through a
large number of surveys, you can start to believe that you know everything & in
fact can start anticipating answers. This will result in you not asking most questions
on the Schedule which will inevitably result in bad data. Do not assume the
answers – let the respondent answer all questions.

Active Listening will help you complete your survey faster, with more accuracy & will
also result in happier respondents.

33
Some Tips on Enumeration

 Most people are usually polite especially to strangers/visitors. They tend to give
answers that they think will please the enumerator. It is, therefore, extremely
important that you remain absolutely neutral towards the subject matter of the
interview. Do not show any surprise, approval or disapproval of the respondent’s
answer by your tone of voice or facial expression.

 The enumerator and the respondent are in most cases strangers to each other and
therefore one of the main tasks of the enumerator is to establish rapport with the
respondent. The respondent’s first impression of you will influence her/ his willingness
to co–operate in the Census. Make sure that your appearance is neat and you also
appear friendly as you introduce yourself.

 Your appearance and dressing should conform to the culture, environment; this will
make the respondents take you and Census work seriously. Your dress should be
appropriate to the environment & your surroundings, e.g. wearing a three-piece suit
in a rural setting in Indian summers is inappropriate.

 Act as though you expect friendly cooperation and behave so as to deserve it. Start
interviewing only when you have observed the following:
 exchanged proper greetings;
 identified yourself;
 explained the purpose of your visit; and
 have answered any question and/or clarified issues about the Census that the
people may ask.

 However, do not spend too much time asking and/or answering unnecessary
questions. You may cleverly avoid such questions by suggesting that you have limited
time. The enumerator is advised to avoid long discussions on issues which are not
related to the Census and which may consume a lot of his/her time.

 After building rapport with the respondent, ask questions slowly to ensure the
respondent understands what he/she is being asked. After you have asked a question,
pause and give the respondent time to think. If the respondent feels hurried or is not
allowed to form his/her opinion, he/she may respond with “I don’t know” or give an
inaccurate answer. If you feel the respondent is answering without thinking, just to
speed up the interview, say so to him/her.

34
 Always stress on confidentiality of the information you obtain from the respondent.
Explain to the respondent that the information you collect will remain confidential and
that no individual names will be used for any purposes, and that all information will be
grouped together when compiling reports. Never show a completed questionnaire to
other enumerators or supervisor in front of a respondent or any other person. This will
automatically erode the confidence the respondent has in you.

 Specifically, the following guidelines will guide you on how to handle the enumeration
interview:
 Ensure that you understand what Census is, its purpose as well as of each of
the questions and their sequences. This will help you to know if the responses
you are receiving are adequate.
 Ask the questions exactly as they are set out in the schedule. At times, however,
you may need to re phrase the question in your own words to elicit the correct
response.
 For example, if you need to arrive at the turnover of a very small enterprise –
say a small rural retail shop – directly asking about the turnover may not get
you an answer at all. A good way is to get an idea of the average monthly sale
& then multiply by 12 to get the annual turnover.
 Similarly, for no of workers, a slightly deeper probing might be required –
specially to find out the “unpaid” workers
 Help your respondents to feel comfortable, but make sure you do not suggest
answers to them. During the interview, let people take their time to answer.
Do not ask leading questions. Work steadily and make sure that the answers
are clear to you before you enter the data. Do not accept any statement you
believe to be mistaken.
 Tactfully ask further questions to obtain the correct answers (probe).
 Do not hurry the interview.
 Do not leave a question unanswered unless you have been instructed to skip it.
 Record answers immediately after the respondent gives you the responses.
Never rely on writing answers in a notebook for transfer to the questionnaire
later.
 Check the whole questionnaire & submit the data before you leave the
household.
 Speak clearly and be convincing to ensure that people take you seriously.
 In most cases people will be willing to give you the necessary information for
you to complete the questionnaires.
 Encourage the cooperation of adult household members/ owner of the
establishments, since information directly obtained from persons themselves
tends to be more accurate.
35
  Do not ask any person to show you any documentation, but you may refer to it
when it is offered, for example when some establishments do not know the
registration number and they offer any document to make their memory recall
easier then use it.
 Accept answers given by respondents. If you doubt whether the respondent
accurately understood the question, repeat or explain the question, or phrase
it differently. Don’t challenge the answer under any circumstances.
 Never enter a dwelling unless the home owner invites you to do so. This could
mean that you may in some cases conduct the interview outside the dwelling.
However, you may explain that it will take some time and it will be much easier
if you could sit down to record the answers.
 If a household recently experienced a death or serious illness of a person, you
may need to make an appointment for a visit at a later time.
 Never delegate your duties to anyone else.
 Do not interfere or take sides in any argument between household members.

It may happen that someone refuses to answer your questions. Almost always this is because
of misunderstanding. Remain courteous. Try & find out the reason for not answering by gently
asking – do not be aggressive or threatening.

You should be able to clear up any misunderstanding, but if you cannot persuade the person,
or if his/her refusal is deliberate, report the incident to your supervisor at the first opportunity.

36
Handling the Interview Process

When you visit any household, never rush through the questionnaire. Always approach the
respondent with a smile and proper salutation. Explain briefly the objective of your visit and
then proceed with your brief introduction. Please show your identity card to the respondent
before you begin the enumeration. Your friendly appearance, courtesy and a few well- chosen
words can put the respondent at ease and in a right state of mind to answer all your questions
willingly and correctly. This will also make your job easier, interesting and useful. A suggested
opening is given below:

“Good morning / afternoon / evening. I am _____________. Government of India is conducting

the 7th Economic Survey & I am here to collect some data for the same under the Collection of
Statistics Act 2008. You may be aware that the Government conducts population census every
ten years where all the persons are counted and their demographic information collected. Here
the Government has initiated Economic Census where all the structures, households and
economic units will be counted and some information collected. The information you give will
be compiled to help the government deliver benefits of schemes more effectively and also
formulate policies/schemes.

This is my Identity Card & an Authorization Letter from Ministry of Statistics & Programme
Implementation Government of India. I will need to ask you some questions which I will mark
on this mobile device & at the end of the survey I will show you the answers that you have
provided before submitting the data.

Post the survey, you will receive a text message asking you to confirm this survey. You will need
to reply with a Yes or a No – this message will be absolutely free.”

Your tone at all times needs to polite and assertive. Please note that there is a very thin line
between “Assertiveness” & “Aggression”. To be assertive is good, to be aggressive is not!

Assertiveness is defined as “Confident & Forceful Behavior” and is characterized by expressing

yourself effectively and stand up for your point of view, while also respecting the rights and
beliefs of others. Aggression on the other hand is “readiness to attack or confront”. Aggression
almost always results in confrontation & will ensure that you do not get the information that
is required.

Please understand that the respondent should not perceive you as a threat. You should make
him believe in the confidentiality of the data that he is sharing with you & the fact that this
data is going to be used by the Government to devise schemes for the benefit of citizens.

37
Do’s & Don’ts of the Interview Process

Do’s Don’ts
Introduce Yourself and The Census: It is
important that you do not offend people by
Do Not Miss Out Any Question That is
your manner, approach, timing or dress.
Relevant: Missing out any question means
You should try to be courteous, neat and in
a gap in the data & would require massive
short, have the appearance of a
effort for data collection again. Ensure that
responsible person.
you ask & record the response for each &
All this helps to create a favourable
every question on the schedule
impression which tends to make the person
being interviewed more responsive.
Conduct Complete Interview at One Time:
Do Not Take All Responses at Face Value:
Ideally you should finish the complete
If you feel the answer is not complete or
survey for a single Census House /
correct – please probe & ask clarification
Establishment at one go. Only in
questions to try & arrive at the correct
exceptional circumstances should you need
response
to go again.
Do Not Challenge the Information Given
by the Respondent: At the same time, also
Probe for Clarity: Ask questions to clarify
do not challenge the information. If after
the respondents understanding of the
probing also you feel that the information
question as well as your own
is not quite complete / correct – make a
understanding of the answer.
note of the same & pass it on to your
supervisor
Listen Carefully to The Responses: Be an Never Suggest Answers: Do not, ever,
Active Listener when conducting an suggest answers to the respondents. The
interview. Listen for a response to every information has to come from them – not
question you ask. You may repeat a from your knowledge of the area or the
response given to you if you need clarity. respondent
Do Not Let Your Own Attitudes Influence
Enter the Response Immediately During the Interview. It is extremely important
the Interview: Keep entering the responses that the Enumerator remains absolutely
on the mobile app as you get them. DO NOT neutral with regards to the subject of the
rely on your memory or your notes to fill up question. If the respondent asks you for
the questionnaire later. your opinion, politely tell him or her that
you can discuss this matter later if required.
Stick to the Timelines: Some respondents
would tend to get into discussions on issues Do Not let any un-authorised person
not related to the census. As an accompany you on your visits. This is a
Enumerator you need to ensure that you breach of confidentiality.
politely but firmly keep their focus on
answering your questions.
Thank the Respondents: On completion or
termination of an interview be sure to
thank the respondents for their time and
38
cooperation. Be as polite in your departure
as you were on your arrival.
If an appointment was made for a call back,
remind the respondent that you will be
returning by confirming the date (day) and
time.
Say good-bye and thank the respondent for
the information he/she provided. Also
inform them that your supervisor might be
visiting as a part of the data verification
process.
When the interview has been completed,
the respondent should feel his/her time
was well spent.

39
Census House, House Holds &Establishments
LEARNING OUTCOMES

By the end of this module, you should be able to:

 Understand the concepts of Census House, Households &Establishments

 Understand Types of Households
 Understand Types of Establishment& Exclusions in each category
o Based on Nature of Operations
o Based on Economic Activity
o Based on Ownership

40
Economic Census House

 An E c o no m i c Census ( E C ) house is a
building or a part of a building having a
separate main entrance from the road or
common courtyard or staircase, etc. used
or recognized as a separate unit. It may be
occupied or vacant. It may be used for
residential, commercial or for both Each of these is a separate Census house

purposes.

 For the purpose of the 7th EC, 3 types of EC houses have been defined:
 Residential
 Commercial
 Others

 Residential EC House: All EC Houses which are being used for residential purposes. It
is also possible that some member(s) of the household runs some economic activity
either within the EC house premises or from outside without a fixed structure. There
may be more than one household present in one EC House (please refer to the
definition of the household). Someexamples of residential house having economic
activity:

(A) Inside House:

Providing tuition Tailoring Beedi making

41
(B) Out Side House without a fixed structure:

(i) Storing of vegetables or other items of trade

(ii) Preparing cooked meals/other items, for selling in open markets/streets

 Commercial EC House: A structure where purely commercial / economic activity is

carried out is classified as a Commercial Establishment. Examples of this are retail
shops, factories, offices, shopping malls etc

42
 Others: All structures that do not fall under either of the above category will be
classified in “Others”. Pump houses, places of worship, grain stores, temporary huts
built in the field and other similar structures are some example which must be treated
as E C houses but classified under “others”. These are places where people can also
live.

 However, if for example, there is a shop selling souvenirs inside the premises of a place
of worship, that will be counted as a commercial establishment.

Temporary Hut Pump House

Places of Worship

Cow Shed

Grain Store

 In municipal towns and cities it is usual to find that every site, whether built or not, is
numbered by the municipal authorities on property basis. Such open sites, even if these
are enclosed by a compound wall, should not be enumerated for economic census

43
 purpose. Only cases where a structure with roof has come up should be treated as EC
house and enumerated.

Let us now look at the various structures that might exist:

 A building is generally a single structure available

on the ground. Usual structure will have four walls
and a roof. But in some areas the natural
construction of houses is such that there may not
be any wall. For example, a conical roof almost
touches the ground and an entrance is also
provided but there is no wall as such.

 If there is more than one structure within an enclosed or

open compound (premises) belonging to the same person
e.g. the main house, the servant quarter, garage etc. the
entire group of structures is to be considered as one EC
house.

 If within a large enclosed area there are separate structures owned by different
persons, each such structure should be treated as a separate EC House. Sometimes
there may be a number of structures within an enclosed area or compound owned by
an undertaking or a company or government, which are occupied by their employees.
Each such structure should be treated as a separate EC House.

 Sometimes a series of different structures may be

found along a street, which is separated from one
another by a common wall, and yet look like a
continuous structure. These different units are
practically independent of one another and are
likely to have been built at the same time or
different time and owned by different persons. In
such cases though the whole structure with all the
adjoining units might appear to be one building,
but each portion has to be treated as a separate EC House for the purpose of the
economic census.

 Sometimes the structure is made up of more than one component unit which are used
or likely to be used as dwellings (residences) or
establishments such as shops, business houses,
offices, factories, workshops, work-sheds, schools,
places of entertainment, ware house, stores etc. It is
also possible that buildings which have different
component units might be used for a combination of
purposes such as shop-cum-residence, workshop-
cum- residence, office-cum-residence etc.

44
 If a building has a number of flats or blocks which are
independent of one another having separate entrances
of their own from the road or a common staircase or a
common courtyard leading to a main gate, they will be
considered as separate E C houses.

 It may be difficult to apply the definition of E C house strictly in certain cases. For
example, in an urban area, a flat has
five rooms each room having direct
entrance to the common stair ca se
or courtyard. By definition this has to
be treated as five E C houses. If all
these five rooms are occupied by a
single household it is not realistic to
treat them as five E C houses. In such
a case ‘singleness’ of use of these
rooms along with the main house
should be considered and the entire
flat should be treated as one E C
house. On the other hand, if two independent households occupy these five rooms,
the first household occupying 3 rooms and the second household occupying 2 rooms,
then the first three rooms together should be treated as one EC house and the
remaining two rooms as another EC house provided that they satisfy the definition of
an Economic Census house. But if each room is occupied by an independent
household, then each such room should be treated as a separate E C house.

 In case of hostels, hotels, etc. even if the door of each room in which an inmate lives
opens to a common verandah, staircase, courtyard or
a common room, as it happens almost invariably, the
entire hostel / hotel building should be treated as one
E C house. But if such hostel / hotels have out-houses
or other structures used for different purposes or for
the same purpose then each such structure attached to
the main structure should be treated as a separate E C
house. Each inmate (including residential staff) of a mess, hostel, boarding and lodging
house, hotels, etc. will constitute a single-member household if stayed on a continuous
basis for six or more months. However, if a group of persons among them normally
pool their income for spending, all of them together will be treated as forming a single
household.

 In some rural areas of the country, the pattern of

habitation is such that a group of huts located in a
compound –whether enclosed or open – is occupied by
one household. While the main residence may be located
in one hut, other huts may be used for sleeping, as

45
 kitchen, bathroom, baithak etc. Though each of the huts is a separate structure, they
form a single housing unit and therefore, have to be treated collectively as a single E C
house. If one household uses some of the huts and the others are used by a second
household as residences, then the two groups of huts should be treated as separate
E C houses.

 However, if there are also other huts in the

compound used for other purposes and not
as a part of the household’s residence such
as, cattle shed, work-shed etc. they should
be treated as separate E C houses.

 It is also possible that a household uses another structure, a baithak, separated from
the main residence by some distance or by other structures or by a road. In such cases,
it may become necessary to treat that separate structure used as ‘baithak’ as a
separate E C house.

46
Household

 A household is a group of persons usually living together and taking their meals from
a common kitchen. It includes temporary stay-away (those whose total period of
absence from household is expected to be less than six months) but excludes
temporary visitors and guests (with expected total stay of less than 6 months).

 There may be a household of persons related by blood or a household of unrelated

persons or having a mix of both but satisfying above condition of a household.
Examples of households having unrelated persons / members are boarding houses,
messes, hostels, rescue houses, jails, ashrams, etc. These are called ‘Institutional
Households'. A group of persons, who are unrelated to each other, live in a census
house but do not take their meals from a common kitchen would not constitute an
institutional household.

EXCLUSIONS: The following categories of households / persons will not be enumerated in

the EC:

 Households comprising foreign nationals will not be enumerated.

 Barracks of military and para-military forces (like Army, BSF, and Police etc.) are outside
the economic census coverage. However, civilian population residing in their
neighborhood including the family quarters of service personnel are to be covered.

 Under trial prisoners in jails and indoor patients of hospitals, nursing homes etc. are to
be excluded from current census house. They will be considered as normal members
of their parent households and will be counted there. But households of residential
staff of jails, hospitals, etc will be enumerated. Convicted prisoners undergoing
sentence will not be considered in the economic census.

 Floating population, i.e. persons without any normal residence will not be
enumerated.

 Households which do not live in buildings but live in open or roadside, pavements, in
hume pipes, under flyovers and staircases, or in the open places of worship, mandaps,
railway platforms etc. are to be treated as houseless households and such households
will not be covered in EC.

The inmates of institutions like Orphanages, Nari Niketans etc. may not be enumerated as
single member households. Such institutions themselves will qualify as establishments.
Although inmates will not be enumerated, owners and residential staff of these institutions
residing within the premises of the institutions may be enumerated as households.

47
Introduction to Establishments
What is an Establishment:

 An establishment is a unit situated in a single location in which predominantly one kind

of economic activity is carried out such that at least a part of the goods and / or services
produced by the unit goes for sale (i.e. entire produce is not for sole consumption).
Thus, for example, activities of tutoring of own children and stitching of garments for
the use of household members will not be listed as establishments. But if a person runs
a coaching centre or tailoring shop, the activity will be enumerated as an
establishment. The activity may be carried out from a fixed or without fixed structure
outside of the house or those within the house.

 The establishment is a physical unit where mainly one entrepreneurial activity is

carried out. The examples of unit are: workshop, factory, manufacturing plant,
warehouse, shop, office, firm, school, hospital, depot, mine, etc.

 Premise is a census house or part of a census house occupied by a unit / household. If

the activity of the establishment (carried out by a unit / household) extends beyond
the boundaries of a single house to a group of contiguous houses, and in rare cases, a
group of houses in close proximity, the entire group of houses is regarded as a single
premise.

 An Enterprise in Economic Census is defined as an undertaking / firm / agency that has

multiple establishments. Similar to establishment, ‘Enterprise’ is also engaged in
production and / or distribution of goods and / or services other than for the sole
purpose of own consumption. Further, similar to establishment, enterprise also has
autonomy in respect of financial and investment decision making, as well as the
authority for allocating resources for production of goods and services.

 However, unlike an establishment, an enterprise may be engaged in one or more

economic activities at one or more locations. Further, unlike other establishments,
establishments under an Enterprise have limited or negligible autonomy in respect of
financial and investment decision making, as well as in allocating resources for
production of goods and services. Thus, all units of an enterprise (which may be
located at different places and engaged in different economic activity) are to be
e n um e r a t e d separately as establishment. The headquarter (main office) of the
enterprise may also be enumerated as an establishment. The unit of enquiry of the
seventh Economic Census is an Establishment and not the Enterprise.

Treatment of multi-activity establishment

 It is possible that more than one entrepreneurial activity is carried out by the same
establishment. If these activities are carried out by the same person/ persons or by the
same workers and book of account is also not prepared separately for each activity
and it is difficult to segregate the number of workers performing each specific activity,
then it should be treated as one establishment with one major activity.
48
 Only description of major activity is to be recorded in activity category code.

 The major activity or the dominant activity can be recognized on the basis of income
or turnover/receipts or number of workers depending on the information readily
available during the enquiry. For example, if a tailor sells cloth in addition to his
tailoring work but does not maintain separate accounts for each, then enumerator
should find out the major activity by inquiring from him the activity from which he gets
greater income or in which he employs more people etc. That will be shown as the
major activity of the establishment.

 Some more examples where the activities might not be distinguished are flourmill
besides grinding work also sells commodities, such as, rice, wheat, etc.; furniture shop
engaged in manufacture of furniture and renting of furniture, grocery shop also
engaged as travel agent etc. However if workers can be divided into two or more
activities and book of accounts and total number of workers are available separately
for these activities, then each of these activities should be considered as a separate
establishment.

49
NIC Codes - Details & Exclusions

The National Industrial Classification (NIC) is an essential Statistical Standard for developing
and maintaining comparable data base according to economic activities. Such classifications
are frequently used in classifying the economically active population, statistics of industrial
production and distribution, the different fields of labour statistics and other economic data
such as national income. Comparability of statistics available from various sources, on
different aspects of the economy, and usability of such data for economic analysis, are
prerequisite for standardization of a system of classification.

The issue of standardization of industrial classification at the international level was

deliberated in the First International Conference of Labour Statisticians (ICLS) as early as 1923,
wherein International Labour Organisation (ILO) prepared a report summarizing the
classifications in use in different countries and enunciating the principles concerning industrial
classification. It recommended the classification of economic activity under three broad
categories viz.,

 Primary production (agriculture and mining);

 Secondary production (manufacturing and construction)
 Services (transport, commerce, administration, etc.)

In India, industrial classifications have for long been in use in the population census,
industrial surveys, labour statistics, national income estimates, etc. However, a wide variety
of industrial classifications were used by the various organizations entrusted with the task
of collection of statistical data in various censuses, surveys etc. and the need to evolve a
common industrial classification which could be used by different agencies became
extremely urgent. While attempts were made in the past in several cases to bring them in line
with the framework of the ISIC, these had produced different versions of different details
depending on the nature of the respective needs.

The Central Statistical Organisation (CSO), which is responsible for setting up of statistical
standards, took up the task of evolving a national industrial classification in early 1960 and
invited suggestions from various concerned agencies of the Government of India such as
Registrar General; Economic Advisers to the Ministries of Finance, Food & Agriculture,
Commerce and Industry; Indian Bureau of Mines; National Employment Service; Labour
Bureau; Planning Commission; National Sample Survey and Indian Statistical Institute etc.

Taking in account the suggestions received and keeping in view the requirements, the CSO
drew up a draft National Industrial Classification called Standard Industrial Classification (SIC),
which was subsequently finalized and released in 1962. The SIC was 4-digit classification and
consisted of 9 divisions, 55 major groups, 284 groups and 753 sub-groups. Post this there were
multiple iterations till the NIC 2008 definitions, that are going to be used for the purpose of the 7th
Economic Survey

The basis of classification being the nature of economic activity carried out in an

50
establishment it follows that the unit of classification is taken as the establishment. The term
“establishment” is defined as an economic unit, which is engaged in one or predominantly
one economic activity at a single physical location under single ownership control of a firm
or enterprise, which may have more than one establishment engaged in different activities
at the same location or the same activities at different locations.

Each establishment is to be counted separately and classified appropriately. Where a single

physical establishment is engaged in one or more than one activity it would be desirable to
treat each of the component technical units as a separate establishment but where it is not
possible to separate technical, ancillary or welfare units from the parent establishment, the
establishment will have to be classified into one or the other groups in the classification
according to the major activities of the establishment.

The major activities of the establishment should be measured with regard to the value added
by production of different products and services or net revenue derived from various
activities. Where such assessment is not possible, classification may be done in terms of gross
revenue attributed to the products, or services of the establishments, the number of persons
employed for various activities.

Classification System:

All the activities are grouped into several “activity groups” or “tabulation categories” in a
hierarchical manner. Activities are first grouped into ‘section’ alphabetically coded from A
through U. For the purpose of 7th EC, these “sections” have been bunched into six major
sectors:

1. Primary
2. Manufacturing
3. Electricity, Gas & Water Supply
4. Construction
5. Trade
6. Services

Each of these may comprise more than one“section”of the NIC Code list 2008. Each
“section”is divided into “division” with 2-digit numeric code, every “division” into
“group”with 3-digitnumericcode,every“group”into“class”with 4-digitnumeric code and
every “class” into “sub-class” with a 5-digit numeric code. For the purpose of the 7th EC, only
Section, Division & Group under the Sector are being considered. The Class & Sub Class do not
have to be recorded. A few illustrative examples are given below:

51
 Example 1
Level Description
Sector Primary
Section B Mining & Quarrying
06 Extraction of Crude Petroleum & Natural Gas
062 Extraction of Natural Gas

Example 2
Level Description
Sector Services
Section I Accommodation & Food Service Activities
56 Food & Beverage Service Activities
561 Restaurant & Mobile Food Service Activities

Example 3
Level Description
Sector Services
Section Q Human Health & Social Work Activities
86 Human Health Activities
862 Medical & Dental Practice Activities

The Broad Structure & the detailed NIC Codes are available at Annexure 3 of this document

52
Types of establishment:
Nature of Operations

 If the entrepreneurial activity is carried on or likely to be carried on throughout the

year more or less regularly, it is treated as perennial activity.
 If the activity of the establishment is confined to a particular season i.e. fixed months
of a year, the same is called the seasonal activity.
 The economic activity of the establishment which is neither perennial nor seasonal is
termed as casual.

In case of casual entrepreneurial activity; it is carried out occasionally depending upon the
availability of time and resources. Care has to be taken to list all the establishments (including
the newly started ones) which are ‘existing’ on the date of field work, although may not be
found working on the day of fieldwork due to temporary closure as may be the case for many
seasonal establishments and even perennial or casual establishments.

The economic activity performed in the establishment may sometimes help in deciding its
nature of operation. A newly started establishment is to be categorized as
perennial/seasonal/casual on the basis of economic activity performed by it and also its
intention to carry out the activity for the year or season.

Examples of types of establishments by nature of operations

 A new shop is opened in a locality selling ‘crackers’ for a period of 15 days during
Deepawali festival, it would be categorized as ‘casual’.

 If the shopkeeper intends to keep it open during festive season, it would be treated as
‘seasonal’.

 On the other hand, if the shopkeeper intends to run this shop throughout the year, it
would be categorized as ‘perennial’.

 Likewise, a newly opened medical shop, barber shop or provision shop would normally
be treated as perennial, as the activities performed by these establishments are
generally continued throughout the year.

53
Economic Activity:

 As stated earlier, the Seventh EC would cover all establishments engaged in both
agricultural activities(with exclusion of crop production and plantation) and non-
agricultural activities

 Activities have been categorized into 6 mutually exclusive sectors viz., Primary;
Manufacturing; Electricity, Gas and Water Supply; Construction; Trading and Services.
NIC-2008 (3-digit codes, called Group) codes under 5 sectors have been identified.

 Primary: An activity of extracting a produce of nature, with or without using

machinery/equipment, is termed as Primary activity. Thus, all activities covered by
Section A (excluding Group 011 & Group 012) and Section B of NIC – 2008 are
considered as 'Primary' for the purpose of the economic census.

 Manufacturing: An activity that leads to physical or chemical transformation of

materials, substances or components into new products is termed as manufacturing.
Maintenance and repair activity of industrial, commercial and similar machinery and
equipment, which are in general classified in the same class of manufacturing were
also included. Thus, all activities covered by NIC – 2008 divisions 10 to 33 of NIC- 2008
are considered as 'manufacturing' for the purpose of the economic census.

 Construction: Activities leading to creation of utilities and infrastructure that are

needed for furthering economic activity are classified under Construction. Activities
such as construction of building, road, railways, utility and civil engineering projects,
demolition, electrical & plumbing installation activities etc. are considered as
'construction' for the purpose of the economic census. Thus, all activities covered by
NIC–2008 divisions 41 to 43 are considered as 'construction' activities.

 Trade: Trade is defined to be an act of purchase of goods and their disposal by way of
sale without any intermediate physical transformation of the goods. Thus all the
trading activities, both wholesale and retail (perennial, casual or seasonal) listed under
NIC-2008 divisions 45 to 47 was treated as trade in economic census. The activities of
intermediaries who do not actually purchase or sell goods but only arrange their
purchase and sale and earn remuneration by way of brokerage and commission were
also treated as trade. The activities of purchase and sale agents, brokers were also
covered under Trade.

 Service: All activities that are carried out for the benefit of a consuming unit (at its
demand) and typically results in changes in the condition of consuming units, are
considered as Service in the economic census. All activities under NIC–2008 Sections
E– U except sections F (construction), G (trade) are considered as service activities.
However, Sections O (Public administration and defence; compulsory social security),
T (Activities of households as employer; undifferentiated goods and services producing
activities of households for own use) and U (Activities of extraterritorial organizations
and bodies) are excluded from coverage of economic census.

54
  Some examples of changes that a producer of service brings about in the condition of
consumers of service are:

o Changes in the condition of consumer’s goods: the producer works directly on

goods owned by the consumer by transporting, cleaning, repairing or otherwise
transforming them;
o Changes in the physical condition of persons: the producer transports the
persons, provides them with accommodation, provides them with medical or
surgical treatments, improves their appearance etc;
o Changes in the mental condition of persons: the producer provides education,
information, advice, entertainment or similar services;
o Changes in the general economic state of the institutional unit itself: the
producer provides insurance, financial intermediation, protection, guarantees,
etc.

 Each establishment has to be assigned one of the above activity Group during the
economic census fieldwork. The details of the activities covered in the economic
census are as under:

Sector NIC-2008 Section Division Group

013, 014,
Primary A and B 01, 02, 03, 05, 06, 07, 08, 09
…, 099
Manufacturing C 10-33
Electricity, Gas
& Water D, E (Partly) 35, 36
Supply
Construction F 41-43

Trade G 45-47
37-39; 49-53; 55-56; 58-63; 64-
E (partly), H, I, J, K, L,
Service 66; 68, 69-75; 77-82, 85; 86-88;
M, N, P, Q, R, S
90-93, 94-96

 EXCLUSIONS: Establishments engaged in any of the following activities would not the
enquired and a suitable remark shall be made by the enumerator while canvassing the
establishment after noting the ownership type. However, Commercial entities running
in the premises of such establishments should be enumerated.

55
 NIC- Nic-
NIC-2008
Sector 2008 2008 Description of activities
Division
Section Group
Agriculture (crop production and plantation):
011
Primary A 01 and Growing of perennial and non perennial crops
012 and production of all vegetative planting
materials
Public administration and defence and
compulsory social security:

This section includes activities of a

governmental nature, normally carried out by
the public administration covering all Ministries,
departments at Central and State/UT Govt.
level and also local Govt..

This includes the enactment and judicial

interpretation of laws and their pursuant
regulation, as well as the administration of
programmes based on them, legislative
activities such as all type of courts, taxation
including octori, sales tax, excise, income tax
841,84
etc., national defence (airforce, navy and army),
2
Service O 84 public order (police) and safety (fire tender
and
etc.), immigration services, foreign affairs and
843
the administration of government programmes,
such as MG-NREGA and other schemes run by
Ministries of Health and Family Welfare,
Education and Rural Development, etc.

This section also includes compulsor y social

security activities such as pension office, EPFO,
ESIC etc.

For example, administration of the school

system (i.e. regulations, checks, curricula) falls
under this section but teaching itself does not.
Similarly, some activities described in this
section may be carried out by non-government
units.

56
 NIC- Nic-
NIC-2008
Sector 2008 2008 Description of activities
Division
Section Group
Gambling and betting activities:

This includes book-making, wholesale and retail

of lottery tickets and betting activities coin
Service R 92 920
operated gambling machines, operation of
virtual gambling websites and other gambling
activities, which are declared illegal by the
respective State Governments.
Activities of the household as employers and
Service T 97 970 undifferentiated goods and services producing
activities of house hold for own use.
Activities of extraterritorial organizations and
bodies.

Service U 99 990 This includes activities of international

organizations such as United Nations and its
agencies. IMF, World Bank, European
Commission, OPEC etc.

 ADDITIONAL EXCLUSIONS: Following types of activities/establishments are not to be

covered in the economic census as they are not entrepreneurial in nature:

 Establishments (with no permanent structure) of shelter-less and nomadic population

which keep on moving from place to place and camp either without shelter or with
make-shift shelter are not covered.

 Establishments engaged in some i l l e ga l a n d a nt i - s o c i a l activities like smuggling,

illegal gambling, beggary, prostitution etc. are not to be covered.

 Domestic servants whether they work in one household or in a number of households

are not being considered as establishments. Similarly, drivers who undertake jobs for
others on wages will also not be treated as having establishments.

 All wage paid employees are not considered to be establishments.

 Household members engaged in household chores are not considered to be

establishments.

 Individuals/persons doing different types of jobs depending on the availability of work

e.g. loading, unloading, helping a mason or a carpenter, doing earthwork for a
contractor should not be taken as establishments since they do work on wages.

57
  Households working for others and earning some money (insignificant) should not be
treated as engaged in entrepreneurial activity.

 Households in which none of the members is engaged in any economic activity i.e.
household depending on remittances, rent, interest, pension etc. will not be treated
as engaged in entrepreneurial activity.

Agricultural Establishment

 An agricultural establishment for the purpose of this Census would be one, engaged in
production of agriculture goods (other than crop production & plantation by the
farmers or a group of farmers or any agency), agricultural services, hunting, trapping
& game propagation, where at least some part of the production or services is sold out.
In terms of NIC-2008, all activities under Section-A (excluding Groups-011 and
012) are to be covered under the Economic Census.

 Establishments engaged in activities pertaining to crop production and plantations

(though in the agriculture sector) will not be covered in the economic census. Thus,
primarily cultivators themselves would be excluded from the economic census.
However, services incidental to crop production or plantation provided / undertaken
by any one individual or a firm or a company by charging fee or rent /compensation
e.g. machinery & equipment for tilling / cultivation, preparation of field or sowing
harvesting / chaffing, transportation of agriculture goods / produce charging for
irrigation facilities etc. as their principal activity would be included and the
establishments engaged in such activities would be enumerated.

Exclusions of agricultural activities:

 Growing of agricultural crops and plantations (i.e., activities under Group 011 and 012
of Section ‘A’ of NIC 2008) should not be counted as establishments for the purpose of
this Census. All such activities relating to growing non-perennial and perennial
agricultural crops are listed below:

Non-perennial crops

 Growing of cereals such as rice, wheat, jowar, bajra and millets;

 Growing of oilseeds such as mustard, groundnut, sunflower, soyabean and other oil
seeds;
 Growing of vegetables and melons, roots and tubers such as, cabbages, cauliflower,
broccoli, lettuce, chicory, spinach and other leafy or stem vegetables, cucumbers,
tomatoes, watermelons, cantaloupes, melons and other fruit-bearing vegetables;
 Growing of onion;
 Growing of carrots, beets, turnips, garlic, leeks and other root, bulb vegetables,
potatoes and other tubers such as sweet potatoes, cassava, yams;
 Growing of mushrooms and truffles;
 Growing of vegetable seeds and Growing of vegetables, not elsewhere classified
(n.e.c);
58
  Growing of sugarcane, tobacco, it includes growing of unmanufactured (cured
stemmed/stripped) tobacco;
 Growing of fibre crops, such as cotton, jute, other fibre crops;
 Growing of other non-perennial crop; and
 Growing of rose, gladiolus other flowers, including production of cut flowers, flower
buds, flower seeds, beet seed and padding materials, n.e.c.

Perennial crops:

 Growing of grapes; it includes growing of wine grapes and table grapes in vineyards;
 Growing of tropical and sub tropical fruits such as mangoes, bananas, pineapples,
litchis, guava other tropical and sub tropical fruits;
 Growing of citrus fruits such as, oranges, mousambi (grape fruit), lemons and lime;
 Growing of pome fruits and stone fruits such as apples, apricots, peaches and
nectarines cherries and sour cherries other pome fruits and stone fruits;
 Growing of other tree and bush fruits and nuts such as strawberries and other berries,
edible nuts (almonds, cashewnuts, chestnuts, hazelnuts pistachios, walnuts and other
nuts) other tree and bush fruits, n.e.c.;
 Growing of oleaginous fruits such as, coconut, olives and oil palms and other
oleaginous fruits;
 Growing of beverage crops such as tea, coffee, cocoa, other beverage crops;
 Growing of spices, aromatic, drug and pharmaceutical crops such as ginger, chili,
cardamoms,
 Growing of perennial and non-perennial spices and aromatic crops (pepper, capsicum,
nutmeg, mace, anise, badian and fennel, cinnamon (canella), cloves, vanilla and other
spices and aromatic crops),
 Growing of drug and narcotic crops,
 Growing of plants used primarily in perfumery, in pharmacy insecticidal, fungicidal or
similar purposes
 Growing of heena leaves (mehendi) etc; and
 Growing of other perennial crops such as, rubber trees, extraction of sap, bamboo and
cane and other perennial crops, n.e.c.
 It may be noted that although EC houses engaged in growing of tea, coffee, tobacco,
etc. are excluded from the coverage of EC, establishments engaged in processing of
tea, coffee, tobacco etc. are to be covered under seventh EC. For example, units
engaged in curing of tea-leaves, curing of tobacco etc. will be treated as
establishments. Similarly, the units engaged in manufacture of copra from coconut or
the processing of cashewnuts will also be treated as establishments. However, when
the producer/cultivator process raw coconuts or cashew before selling the same, such
activities may not be treated as forming a non-agricultural activity. Such activity is
treated as growing of crop and plantation, and thus it is excluded from coverage of
economic census.

59
Non-Agricultural Establishment

Establishments engaged in activities other than agricultural activities will be termed as non-
agricultural establishments. In terms of NIC-2008, all establishments engaged in
activities under Section-B to Section-S (but excluding Section-O) are to be covered
under the economic census.

Further, following types of activities/establishments are not to be covered in this census:

 Establishments (with no permanent structure) of shelter-less and nomadic
population which keep on moving from place to place and camp either without
shelter or with make-shift shelter are not covered.

 Establishments engaged in some activities like smuggling, illegal gambling, beggary,

prostitution etc. are not to be covered.

 Domestic servants whether they work in one household or in a number of

households are not being considered as running establishments. Similarly drivers
who undertake jobs for others on wages will also not be treated as having
establishments.

 All wage paid employees are not considered to be running establishments.

 Household members engaged in household chores are not considered to be running

establishments.

 Persons doing different types of jobs depending on the availability of work e.g.
loading, unloading, helping a mason or a carpenter, doing earthwork for a
contractor should not be taken as running establishments since they do work on
wages.

 Households working for others and earning some money (insignificant) should not
be treated as engaged in entrepreneurial activity.

 Households in which none of the members is engaged in any economic activity i.e.
household depending on remittances, rent, interest, pension etc. will not be treated
as engaged in entrepreneurial activity.

60
Ownership:

Private sector establishments

 Establishment owned / managed by a single private person or a group of private
persons with no or negligible control of government (in terms of d e c i s i o n
m a k i n g , management and shares holding) will be treated as private sector
establishment. All establishments which Government / Public Sector establishments are
not will be treated as Private sector Establishments. Private sector establishments are
classified into one of the following:

Proprietary Establishments:
 When an entrepreneur is the sole owner of an establishment it is a proprietary one.
When Hindu Undivided Family (HUF) is the owner of an establishment, the
establishment is also treated as proprietary.

Partnership Establishments:
 Partnership is defined as the ‘relation between entrepreneurs who have agreed to
share the profits / losses of a business carried on by all or anyone of them acting for
all’. In a Partnership, there may be two or more entrepreneurs, belonging to the same
or different households, with or without formal registration (i.e., there is a tacit
understanding about the distribution of profit / loss among the partners).

 Own account production of fixed assets, when produced by two or more members
belonging to the same or different households will be classified as partnership
establishments. Thus, own account production of fixed assets by a group of households
for community use will be classified as partnership establishment.

 All formal partnerships (i.e., those registered under Partnership Act, 1932) will also
be counted as partnership establishment in the economic census.

Private Corporate Sector Establishments:

 Private sector establishments registered under the Companies Act2013would be
treated as private corporate sector establishment.

 Private corporate sector also includes non-government private limited and non-
government public limited companies as well as non-government establishments
registered under Limited Liability Partnership Act, 2008.

61
Other Private Sector Establishments:
 Non-government private sector establishments (excluding those registered under
Companies Act, 2013 and Limited Liability Partnership Act, 2008) would be treated as
Other Private Sector Establishments. In other words, non-government establishments
registered under Shops and Establishment Act 1953, Cooperative Societies Act 1912,
Trust (including Public Trust) Act 1882, Societies Registration Act 1860, etc., are
counted under Other Private Sector Establishment in the economic census.

 Other non-government establishments (such as Club, Self Help Group (SHG), Body of
Individuals, Associations of persons and Foreign companies) are also considered as
Other Private Sector Establishment. Separate entries will be made for the following
types of such establishments:
 Cooperative Societies
 Club/Trust/ Associations/ Body of individuals
 Self Help Group

Government Department/Public Corporation:

 Establishments which are wholly owned / run / managed by Central or State
governments, quasi-government institutions, local bodies (like Panchayat, Zilla
Parishad, City Corporation, Municipal authorities, etc.,) are treated as Government
Department/ public sector establishment.

 Autonomous bodies (like Universities, Education boards, etc.) and institutions (like
schools, libraries, hospitals, etc.) setup by the government agencies or those running
under control of government agency will a l s o be treated as government/public
sector establishment.

 An establishment should not be treated as a public sector establishment if it is run on

a loan granted by government, local body, etc.

Government Companies
 Public sector (i.e., government owned/controlled) establishments registered under
any statute such as the Companies Act 2013, LLP Act 2008, Cooperative Societies Act
1912, Trust Act 1882, Societies Registration Act 1860, etc., are termed as Government
Companies.

 Government Companies prepare their financial statement (Balance Sheet and Profit &
Loss) as per the applicable Act.

62
Public Corporations
 Government owned/controlled establishments that are registered under other sector
specific (such as Banking, Insurance, Infrastructure, etc.) statutory Act are also
considered as Public Corporation in the economic census.

 Public Corporations prepare their financial statement (Balance Sheet and Profit & Loss)
as per the applicable Act.

Government Departments
All other public sector (i.e., government owned/controlled) establishments that are not
registered under any statute but are engaged in commercial activities are treated as
Government Department.

The produce by governmental departmental establishments are generally public utility

good and services that are made available to people for their welfare at substantially lower
prices than their cost.

Government establishments engaged in providing railway transportation, postal services,

school, health, drinking water and sanitation, recreation, art and culture, public utilities
roads, electricity, etc.to people are treated as Government Departments.

Government Departments may or may not have operating surplus. These do not prepare
financial statement and their financial performance is usually a part of Budget of concerned
government entity.

63
Schedule EC 7.0
LEARNING OUTCOMES

By the end of this module, you should be able to:

 Understand Schedule EC 7
 Define each field on the Schedule

64
Fields of Schedule 7 not covered in other sections of the manual

Particulars of Owner of proprietary establishment

Age (Number of years completed)
Gender (Male-1, Female-2 Third Gender-3)
Social Group (SC-1, ST-2, OBC-3, Not Known-4, Others-9)

Religion
Religion Code

Hinduism 1

Islam 2

Christianity 3

Sikhism 4

Buddhism 5

Zoroastrian/Parsi 6

Jainism 7

Not Known 8

Others 9

Major Source of Finance

 An establishment may seek funds for running the establishment or for expanding its
activities from several financing or lending agencies or persons. For filling up this
column, the agency or an institution (Public/Private) in respect to which the
establishment owes highest loan liability and unpaid on the day of visit, that agency is
to be considered as the major source of finance.

65
  For example, an establishment has to pay a balance sum of Rs.10 lakhs to a bank
whereas it has to pay a balance sum of Rs.5 lakhs to moneylender on the day of visit.
In such a situation major source of finance is borrowing from financial institution (bank)
and suitable code is to be recorded for this item. The details areas under:

Source of Finance Code

Self-Finance 1

Loan from private money lenders 2

Interest-free loan from friends & relatives 3

Loan from cooperative banks and societies 4

Loan from Commercial Banks and Institutional Agencies 5

Loan from Central and State level lending institutions 6

Loan from Self Help Groups (SHGs)/Micro Finance Institution 7

Direct financial assistance from Central/State/Local
8
Government
Others 9

Number of persons engaged (on the last working day):

Worker
 The total number of persons i.e. workers working on the last working day prior to the
date of field work in the establishment is to be reported. This will include all persons
whether hired or not. The workers with age less than 15 years ( i.e. child workers) are
also to be included.

 Household members whether paid or not, if engaged in any of the activities carried out
by the establishment will be included.

 The figure of number of persons is a position on the last working day for perennial /
casual establishment and the last day of the working season for seasonal
establishment. This also includes both supervisory and primary workers.

 A worker need not mean the same person is continued but refers to a position. Part
time workers are also treated employees.

 In case of regular wage employees, those found absent on the last working day due to
sickness, leave, etc. are also to be counted.

66
  Contract Workers engaged through an agency and working in the establishment
should not be counted at the place of work(establishment). They should be counted at
the agency on whose pay rolls they are engaged.

 The self-employed persons (i.e. either the owner of the establishment or any family
member assisting the owner in the establishment) who could not work on the last
working day are to be included.

 Salespersons appointed by an establishment for selling / marketing its produce or

services of an apprentice, supporting workers, paid or unpaid are also to be treated as
workers. The owner, running the establishments would also be considered as a worker
and counted for the purpose.

 Volunteers, who work without salary/honorarium, will be considered as workers.

 Some establishments do not hire professionals like advocates, accountants, doctors

etc., as thei r wor k er. These establi shm ents enga ge suc h pro fessio nal s
on a fairly regular basis or on need basis. S uch professionals work in one or more
establishments and t h e y have some autonomy to determine the charges receivable
as well as volume of job performed by him/her. Such professionals usually receive
charges for the service they render to establishments. Such persons are doing activity
that is entrepreneurial in nature, and thus s/he will not be considered as workers of
the establishments using their services. Instead, they will be considered as an
establishment in t h e i r respective households.

If a professional is engaged by o n e o r m o r e establishment on a full-time or part-time

basis, and when the professional does not have autonomy to determine the charges
receivable and volume of job to be performed; in that case s/he will be treated as a worker
in all such establishments. Apart from this, if the professional undertakes additional activity in
another establishment, s/he would be treated as an establishment at household besides
serving as a worker of the above establishments.

Self-employed:

 Persons who operate their own establishments or are engaged independently in a

profession or trade on t h e i r own or with one or a few partners, are deemed to be
self- employed entrepreneurs.

 The essential feature of the self- employed entrepreneurs is that they have autonomy
(i.e., how, where and when to produce) and economic independence (i.e., market,
scale of operation and money) for carrying out their operation.

 The remuneration of the self-employed entrepreneurs consists of an inseparable

combination of two parts: a reward for their labour and profit of their establishments.

67
Self-employed professionals working on retainer ship on a regular basis on a fixed
honorarium is to be treated as a worker. In case he works independently besides the retainer
ship, he will be treated as a worker in each establishment, as well as, an entrepreneur (and
counted as establishment at his household).

Entrepreneurship is the key differentiator for treating a professional as a Worker or as an

establishment at household. Autonomy to take decisions while performing an economic
activity, is an essential characteristic of entrepreneurship.

If an establishment has some contract with some other agency (e.g. security, cleaning, nursing,
midwife), or persons (like CA, lawyer, etc.), the employees of the agency (or persons) who are
working within the premises of the establishments (e.g. sweeper, guard, nurse, etc.) will not
be counted as the employee of this establishment; rather they will be considered under the
agency which has deployed them.

Investment in Plant & Machinery/ Equipment

This item has been introduced for the purpose of checking whether the establishment is a
micro, small or medium enterprise. Ministry of MSME classifies an enterprise as micro,
medium or small depending on the value (investment) of plant and machinery or equipment.
In case of manufacturing establishments, value (investment) of plant and machinery will be
considered. The value (investment) of equipment will be considered in case of services &
trading establishments. This is the price at which the establishment acquired the plant &
machinery/ equipment used in production at various points in time.

 For the purpose of this item plant & machinery and Equipment are defined as under:

 Plant & Machinery: Plant is generally the name given to an assembly of machinery
/equipment/devices installed for the operation of entrepreneurial activities.
Machinery means an implement or mechanical device used in the entrepreneurial
activities.

 Equipment: Equipment is defined as all instruments, office machines and such other
electro mechanical or electronic appliances that are directly related to the service
rendered but excluding furniture, fittings and other items not so related.

 Value of these items refers to that of physically installed as on the last day preceding
the date of enumeration. In case the existing plant & machinery/ equipment are
purchased over different points of time, the original value (purchase value) of the same
will be added up to arrive at the value as on last day preceding the date of
enumeration.

 All vehicles, power-driven or man/animal-driven, used for transporting persons, goods

and materials by the establishment in connection with its activity will be covered by
this item. If the equipment is used both for domestic as well as establishment
purposes, the criterion to be followed is major time disposition of the equipment i.e.,
whether equipment is used more for domestic purpose or for use in establishment.
68
 Transport equipment that is occasionally rented out will be included if it is mainly used
for the activities of the establishment.

 The investment in plant and machinery is to be accorded an appropriate code as under:

Investment Value Code
< 10 lakh 1
10-25 lakh 2
25 lakh – 2 Crore 3
2 – 5 Crore 4
5-10 Crore 5
>=10 Crore 6

Annual Turnover
 Turnover is a measure of financial performance of an establishment. The total sale
value of goods manufactured/traded and of services supplied by an establishment is
considered as the turnover of an establishment. The annual turnover of an
establishment (as per a range) is to be provided as under

Annual Turnover Range Code

<=1Lakh 01
1-5Lakh 02
5-10Lakh 03
10-20Lakh 04
20-75 Lakh 05
75 Lakh – 1.5 Crore 06
1.5 Crore – 5 Crore 07
5–20Crore 09
20-50Crore 09
50-75Crore 10
75 – 250Crore 11
>=250 Crore 12

69
Registration Details of Establishment
Information on primary registration for setting up of an establishment will be captured here.
Multiple selections can be done from a list of Central and State registering Authorities. A list
of such Acts and their corresponding codes are given below:

Primary Registration Acts Code

Shops and Establishment Act, 1953 1

Companies Act 2013 2

LLP Act 2008 3

Indian Trust Act 1882 (incl State Public Trust Act) 4

Societies Registration Act, 1860 5

Co-operative Societies Act, 1912 6

Foreign Companies (not under the CA 2013) 7

Not Registered with any Act 8

Any other Act (not covered above) 9

70
Additional Registration/Licenses

 Industry specific (i.e., specific to goods and services produced) additional

registration/licensing of the establishment will be captured here. Usually, an additional
industry specific registration/license requires prior primary registration of an
establishment. As an establishment may be registered under more than one industry
specific agency or authority, multiple selections can be done from a list of Central
and State registering Authorities. A list of such additional registering authorities is
given below:

ACT Name Code

Goods & Services Tax (GST) Act 11

Factories Act, 1948 12

District Supply and Marketing Society 13

Food safety and Standard Authority 14

Employee PF Organization/ Employee State Insurance Corporation 15

Khadi and Village Industries Commission/ Board / DC Handlooms / DC

16
Handicrafts

State directorate of industries 17

Development Commissioner of Handicraft /handloom /Commodity

18
boards (Coir board, Silk Board, Jute Commissioner etc.)
State Specific Licenses / registration (incl. Labour License/Trade
License/Drug License/Factory License/Electricity Board/State Business 19
Register/ Other State Specific licenses)

Any Other Registration/Licenses (not covered above) 99

71
Registration Details of Main office/Head office of the Establishment

 Many a times, an establishment is an attached office (such as

factory/warehouse/depot/wholesaler/retailer/sales & marketing/branch/ franchisee,
etc.) of another establishment (called, Main office/Head office/Registered office) that
is located at a different premise. In such cases, the attached establishment has
negligible or limited autonomy and the main office controls the operations of the
establishment.

 If the establishment enumerated is an attached office, then registration details of the

main office are to be captured in the economic census. Registration details with any
one of the registering authorities needs to be captured:

Main Office Registration Act Code

Shops and Establishment Act, 1953 1

Companies Act 2013 2

LLP Act 2008 (incl Partnership Act 1932) 3

Indian Trust Act 1882 (incl State Public Trust Act) 4

Societies Registration Act, 1860 5

Co-operative Societies Act, 1912 6

Foreign Companies (not under the CA 2013) 7

Not Registered with any Act 8

Any other Act (not covered above) 9

72
Mobile App Walk Thru

Post Installation

This is the App Icon

you will see on the
screen after
Installation

 You will receive a link on your registered mobile number for downloading the APP
(only Android 5.0 & above)
 Please follow instructions & download the App

73
 Opening Screen

This is the opening screen of the App.

You will see:
1. Your Name
2. Your CSC ID
3. Your Mobile Device Details
4. State / District & Block
5. Rural / Urban
6. Village / Gram Panchayat
7. Your present GPS location

• All data on this screen will be pre-

filled
• Press “Continue”

 All data on this screen will be pre filled by the application

 Press Continue

Start Survey Screen

 Start Survey Screen

74
 Basic Info (Geographical Area)

This screen contains the details of the

Geographical Area allocated to you:
1. State
2. District
3. City
4. Ward
5. Pin Code
6. UFS Block number
7. IV Unit number

• All data till Ward will be pre-filled

• IV Unit number will also be pre
filled
• There are Drop Downs in:
• PIN Code
• UFS Block Code
• Press “Continue” after choosing the
right Pin Code & UFS Block

 Details of the Geographical area allocated

 Pin Code & UFS Blocks need to be filled by enumerator
 Press Continue

75
 First Enumeration Screen

Fields on this Screen:

1. Address
2. Purpose
3. EC House Number

• Please enter the

complete Postal Address
of the Census House that
you are enumerating
• Dropdown on the
Purpose of EC House
• The EC House number
will get automatically
generated by the
Application

 Enter the complete address of the Census House

 From the drop down, choose the purpose of the Census House:
o Residential
o Commercial
o Temporarily Closed
oOthers
 The Census House number would get auto generated by the application

76
 Start Survey Screen

This is the Start Survey Screen

Basic Info (Geographical Area)

This screen contains the details of the

Geographical Area allocated to you:
1. State
2. District
3. City
4. Ward
5. Pin Code
6. UFS Block number
7. IV Unit number

• All data till Ward will be pre-filled

• IV Unit number will also be pre
filled
• There are Drop Downs in:
• PIN Code
• UFS Block Code
• Press “Continue” after choosing the
right Pin Code & UFS Block

This screen will display the area allocated to you for Enumeration

 Except for Pin Code & UFS Block – all data will be pre-filled
o Choose the Pin Code from the Drop Down
o Choose the UFS Block from the Drop Down

77
 First Enumeration Screen

Fields on this Screen:

1. Address
2. Purpose
3. EC House Number

• Please enter the

complete Postal Address
of the Census House that
you are enumerating
• Dropdown on the
Purpose of EC House
• The EC House number
will get automatically
generated by the
Application

This is the first screen of the actual survey

 You will need to fill in the postal address of the structure

 Choose the purpose of EC House from the Drop Down
o Residential – Households where:
 No entrepreneurial activity is happening (e.g. – wage / rent / pension
based households
 Entrepreneurial activity is happening:
 Inside EC house
 Outside house but with no fixed structure
o Commercial – purely commercial activity in the EC House
o Temporarily Closed – self explanatory
o Others – Excluded structures (e.g. – places of worship, Government offices
etc) – please refer to the list of exclusions in this manual

78
Residential with No Entrepreneurial Activity
Residential (no entrepreneurial activity) – Screen 1

This screen contains:

1. Sr No of Household – auto
generated
2. Name of Head of Household
3. Mobile Number of Head of
Household
4. No of Members usually residing
5. No of Household Members pursuing
Entrepreneurial activity
6. Number of Household based
Establishments
• Fill in the full name
• 10 digit numeric starting with a
6,7,8 or 9
• Members usually residing (refer to
page 40 of the manual) – numeric
only
• Members pursuing Entrepreneurial
activity – numeric only
• Household based establishments –
numeric only

First Screen for data collection for purely Residential Households

 Sr. No of Household – auto populated

 Name of Head of Household – enter the full name of the Household Head
 Mobile number of the Head of Household – Please enter the mobile number – note
that only numbers starting with 6,7,8 or 9 are allowed and only 10 numeric digits
 No of Members usually residing – This does not include children who are studying in
other cities if their stay there is more than 6 months & guests who are staying with
the family for less than 6 months. It will include guests who are staying for more
than 6 months & children studying in other cities if the stay away is less than 6
months
 No of Household Members pursuing Entrepreneurial Activity: This will be the number
of people who are doing some entrepreneurial activity. For Example, the wife takes
tuitions or stitches clothes for a price, the daughter runs a small shop within the
house premises, or the son has a mobile fruit stall etc. All these are activities that
need to be enumerated
 No of Household based Establishments: This is the number of “establishments” as
opposed to the number of members. It is possible that the mother & daughter run a
small shop within the house premises – in this case the value in the earlier question
will be 2 and the answer to this question will be 1.

79
 Residential (no entrepreneurial activity) – Screen 2

• If in point (f) on previous screen,

the value is “0” – the survey stops
& the Household Marking number is
generated
• This number needs to be noted by
you in your notebook
• On pressing “OK” you will be taken
to the next screen where you need
to take a picture of the structure
with the number visible

 Since this is a purely residential Household, the number of Household members

involved in entrepreneurial activity & the number of household based establishments
will both be 0
 On submitting – the app will generate a Household Marking Number
 This number needs to be noted by you in your notebook

80
 Photo Capture & Submit

• On pressing the Tick Mark

– the Summary Data
Screen will be displayed
• Show the data to the
respondent & take his
consent
• In case any data needs to
be corrected, you can go
back now
• If everything is fine –
press the “SUBMIT”
button. You cannot
access the data now

 The app will then activate your mobile camera & prompt you to take a picture of the
structure with the number visible. In case the house owner does not allow you to
take the picture of the structure, please take a selfie at the location
 Once you submit the picture, the screen will display a summary of the data collected.
 This needs to be shown to the respondent
 If there are any changes required, you can go back by pressing the left facing arrow
on the top left corner of the screen
 If the respondent is ok with the data – press SUBMIT at the bottom of the screen
 Once the data is submitted, this data will not be accessible to the Enumerator

81
Residential with Entrepreneurial Activity

Residential with Entrepreneurial Activity

• If in Point (f) on this

screen, the value is 1 or
more – on pressing
“CONTINUE” – the next
screen will open up
• This Screen has an auto
generated “Household
Number”
• Clicking on the Number
will take you to the next
screen

 If in the Residential Survey Screen, the number is Household Establishments is 1 or

higher – then on pressing CONTINUE the next screen will show up with an
Establishment number (on the right above)
 You will need to click on the number to move ahead
 On this screen you also have the option of adding another Establishment (in case you
had missed out earlier) by clicking on add new.

82
 Residential with Entrepreneurial Activity - Screen 1

- Ownership Type Dropdown – Residential or

Commercial

 On this screen, the serial number of the Household (establishment) will be auto
populated
 Under Ownership of Establishment – you need to choose from the drop down
o Residential
o Commercial
 In this case – on choosing Residential – the “Type of Establishment” tab will
automatically change to “Residential”
 You need to then choose “Ownership type”
Residential with Entrepreneurial Activity - Screen 1

- Ownership Dropdown for Residential

Establishments - refer to Code Structure in
Annexure 2 of Manual

83
 Residential with Entrepreneurial Activity - Screen 1

- Type of Establishment Dropdown – refer to

manual for details / definition

 The options under the “Ownership Type” are available in the “Code Structure”
Section of Annexure 2
 On choosing the Ownership Type, the “Type of Establishment” Drop Down shows:
o Without Fixed Structure Outside House – examples here could be - fruit seller,
driving an auto-rickshaw (own), selling clothes on a bicycle, Food cart and
other such activities for which there is no fixed structure that he / she
operates from
o Inside House – all activities that are carried out from within the premises of
the House. For Example – tuitions, stitching clothes at home for selling,
making pickles for selling and other such activities that are carried out
exclusively within the house

84
 Residential with Entrepreneurial Activity - Screen 1

- Nature of economic activity Dropdown –

refer to manual for detailed definition

 Enter the complete name & Mobile number of the Owner of the establishment –
please note that this may not necessarily be the Head of the Household. This is the
person who actually manages that activity
 The next 4 tabs have to filled very carefully:
1. Nature of Economic Activity – There are 6 types of activities defined at the
highest level
 Primary
 Manufacturing
 Electricity, Gas & Water Supply
 Construction
 Trading
 Services
2. Section under the Economic Activity – this is a branch under the broad head –
for instance under “Primary” there may be 3 different sections & so on
3. Division under Section
4. Group under Division
5. So each activity is sub-classified upto 4 levels.
 For Example – Trading – Wholesale and Retail Trade: Repair of Motor
Vehicles: Retail Trade, Except of Motor Vehicles & Motorcycles: Retail
Sale in Non-Specialized Stores

For details – please refer to the “Types of Establishment” chapter of this manual

85
 Residential with Entrepreneurial Activity - Screen 1

- Social Group Dropdown

 Please enter the age of the owner of the establishment

 Please choose the Gender from the Drop Down
 Please choose the Social Group from the Drop Down
 Please choose the Religion from the Drop Down
 Please choose Nature of Operations from the Drop Down

Details under “Code Structure” section in Annexure 2

Residential with Entrepreneurial Activity - Screen 1

- Nature of Operations Dropdown – refer to

manual for detailed definitions

86
 Residential with Entrepreneurial Activity - Screen 2
1. Whether Manufacturing Services Y/N
2. Manufacturing for Exports? Y/N
3. If Yes – If Exporting Services? Y/N
4. Major Sources of Finance
5. Hired & Non Hired Workers
6. Contractual Workers
7. Investment in Plant & Machinery
8. Annual Turnover
– refer to manual for detailed definitions

 On submitting the previous screen, the next screen opens as above

 Is it a Manufacturing Unit? Y/N (refer to the definitions under “Types of
Establishment” in this manual)
 Is it manufacturing for Exports? Y/N
 Is it Exporting Services? Y/N
 Choose the Major Source of Finance from the Drop Down – if there is more than then
please choose the one with the bigger share
 No of Hired & Non Hired workers engaged in the establishment
 No of Contractual workers engaged in the establishment
 Choose the Investment in Plant & Machinery from the Drop Down
 Choose the Annual Turnover from the Drop Down

Details under “Code Structure” section in Annexure 2

87
 End of Survey – Residential Establishments

• The Screen shows

“Completed”
• On Submitting, the mobile
camera will open & a
picture of the
establishment has to be
taken
• On pressing the Tick Mark
– the Summary Data
Screen will be displayed

 The message against the Household Establishment number will turn from “Pending”
to “Completed”
 Press “Submit”
 The app will then activate your mobile camera & prompt you to take a picture of the
structure with the number visible. In case the house owner does not allow you to
take the picture of the structure, please take a selfie at the location

88
 Photo Capture & Submit

• Show the data to the respondent & take

his consent
• In case any data needs to be corrected,
you can go back now
• If everything is fine – press the “SUBMIT”
button. You cannot access the data now

 Once you submit the picture, the screen will display a summary of the data collected.
 This needs to be shown to the respondent
 If there are any changes required, you can go back by pressing the left facing arrow
on the top left corner of the screen
 If the respondent is ok with the data – press SUBMIT at the bottom of the screen
 Once the data is submitted, this data will not be accessible to the Enumerator

89
Commercial Establishments

Commercial Establishments – Screen 1

• Choose Commercial from

the dropdown
• Choose Nature of
Economic Activity as
discussed earlier

• Enter the Establishment

/ Owner’s Name
• Enter the complete
address, Mobile number
of manager / owner &
email Id of the
establishment

 The process & the screens for Commercial Establishments are largely the same as the
Residential Establishments, except for a few additional fields that need to be
captured and some personal information fields that are not there
 Choose “Commercial” in the “Purpose of EC House” Drop Down
 On the next screen, enter the Name, Address, Mobile Number & email Id of the
establishment / Owner
 Then enter the Type of Economic Activity as discussed above

90
 Commercial Establishments – Screen 2

This screen contains:

1. Ownership – Residential /
Commercial
2. Type of Ownership – refer to Code
Structure in Annexure 2 of Manual
3. Major Source of Finance- refer to
Code Structure in Annexure 2 of
Manual
4. No of persons engaged – Hired /
Non Hired

 Select Ownership Type from the Drop  Is it an Importing Unit?

Down  Choose Investment in Plant & Machinery
 Select Major Source of Finance from the Drop Down
 No of Hired & Non-Hired workers engaged  Choose Annual Turnover from the Drop
in the Establishment Down
 Whether IT is being used?  Enter the PAN number of the
 Is it Manufacturing Services? Establishment
 Is it an Exporting Unit?

Commercial Establishments – Screen 2 contd….

The same screen continues:
1. Whether uses IT for Business – Y/N
2. Whether Manufacturing Services – Y/N
3. Whether Exporting Unit – Y/N
4. Whether Importing Unit – Y/N
5. Investment in Plant & Machinery –
refer to Code Structure in Annexure 2
of Manual
6. Annual Turnover – refer to Code
Structure in Annexure 2 of Manual
7. PAN number of the Establishment /
Owner

91
 Commercial Establishments – Screen 3
This screen captures the Registration
Details of the Establishment
1. Primary Registration
2. Additional Registrations if Any

For both of these refer to Code

Structure in Annexure 2 of Manual
Primary Registration

 This screen captures the Establishment Registration Details

 First Tab is for the Primary Registration Drop Down
 It is possible that the Establishment may be registered under multiple authorities &
therefore it is possible to choose multiple options.
 Once you choose an option – say “Companies Act 2013” a window opens up with the
following details:
o Number – this is the Registration Number allotted by that Authority
o Date – Date of Registration as per the Certificate
o Place – Place of Registration as per certificate
 In case the registering authority is not in this list OR the establishment is not
registered – please choose the last option – “any Other Act (not covered above)”.
 This will open up a text box – please enter the relevant remarks – “Not Registered” or
the Details of the Registration if other than the ones in the Drop Down

92
 Commercial Establishments – Screen 3
This screen captures the Registration
Details of the Establishment
1. Primary Registration
2. Additional Registrations if Any

For both of these refer to Code

Structure in Annexure 2 of Manual
Additional
Registration

 The second tab is for “Additional Registration”

 Most Establishments may be registered with some more authorities mentioned
under this tab
 You can choose multiple options here also

93
 Commercial Establishments – Screen 3 contd….

This screen shows the

Registration Details of the
Establishment for
confirmation purposes

A question at the bottom

asks “if the Establishment is
a part of another Enterprise
( refer to the manual for
details) – Y/N

If No – survey closes
If Yes – a window opens up
for further data

 Next item after Registration Details is whether the Establishment is a part of another
Enterprise
o It could be a branch office or a godown or a sales outlet of another larger
enterprise – e.g. bank branches
o A franchisee outlet is NOT a part of another enterprise
 If the answer to the above is “Yes” – another section opens up with the following
details to be filled:
o Name of the Main Enterprise
o PAN number of the Main Enterprise
o State / District & Locality – address of the Main Enterprise
o Pin Code
o Registering Authority of the Main Enterprise
 If the answer to the above is “No” – survey closes.

94
 End of Survey – Commercial Establishments

• On clicking OK, the

mobile camera will open
& a picture of the
establishment has to be
taken
• On pressing the Tick Mark
– the Summary Data
Screen will be displayed

 Press “Ok”
 The app will activate your mobile camera & prompt you to take a picture of the
structure. In case you are not allowed to take the picture, take a selfie at the location
 Submission of the Picture will display the summary data screen
Photo Capture & Submit

• Show the data to the respondent & take

his consent
• In case any data needs to be corrected,
you can go back now
• If everything is fine – press the “SUBMIT”
button. You cannot access the data now

 Show this data to the respondent

 If there are any changes required, you can go back by pressing the left facing arrow
on the top left corner of the screen
 If the respondent is ok with the data – press SUBMIT at the bottom of the screen
 Once the data is submitted, this data will not be accessible to the Enumerator
95
Others

Others – Screen 1

• Enter the address of the

structure – if known, else
enter the locality
• Under purpose of EC
House choose “Others”
• EC House number gets
auto generated
• Under Remarks enter the
details – why is the
classification in “Others”
– refer to exclusions in
the manual

 This category will be used to enumerate the structures that fall under the Exclusions.
Examples could be places of worship, empty structures, pump houses etc
 Please enter the complete address (if there is on assigned), else enter the locality
 Under purpose of EC House choose others
 A window will open up for Remarks – please enter the reason for marking it as “Others”
End of Survey – Others

• On clicking OK, the

mobile camera will open
& a picture of the
establishment has to be
taken
• On pressing the Tick Mark
– the Summary Data
Screen will be displayed

96
 The Mobile camera will open up – you need to take a picture of the structure
 Check the data and press “Submit”

Photo Capture & Submit

• Check carefully the data entered

• In case any data needs to be corrected,
you can go back now
• If everything is fine – press the “SUBMIT”
button. You cannot access the data now

97
FAQ’s
Process FAQ’s
Sr.
Frequently asked questions
No.
What is to be done in cases such as an
establishment without having a name,
which could be located within the
1
House/HH premises or mobile or
outside with no fixed/permanent
structure?
An auto Rickshaw Driver (TSR) or a
manual rickshaw puller who does not
2 own the vehicle but drives it and earns
his/her livelihood. What would be the
treatment?
A house/ structure/shop (a sub-unit of
a restaurant) is exclusively used for
preparation of food articles for a
restaurant by its own or hired
employees and these articles are
being sold by the main restaurant
owner which is either situated in the
3 same house or a different house or
market. Whether the house or shop
used for production shall be treated as
an establishment or not. If both the
main and sub-units are in the same
house whether they are to be listed as
one establishment or separate
establishment?
An establishment has wound up its
operation six months back and is
4
closed since then but has not
dismantled its assets. Is it to be listed?
Col No in
Response
Schedule
The name of the head of the
household or preferably actual
owner of the establishment (as the
case may be) will be recorded.
In case the Rickshaw puller or auto
driver is working on the basis of
fixed amount to be paid to the
owner on monthly or daily basis
then this will be treated as an
establishment (self-employed) of
proprietary nature. If he is working
as a driver on a fixed amount to be
paid by the owner then such cases
would notbe covered.
i) In case shop/house is exclusively
used for making of food articles, say
sweets; namkeen, chapatees,
cooked vegetables etc. for selling
these by other sweet shop or
restaurant owners although these
maybe in the same location/house
/structure then these will be
counted as two separate
establishments. If the production /
making / preparation of food article
though done at a different site or
location but is an integral part of
the sweet shop or restaurant (i.e. a
feeding unit) under the same
ownership then it would be
counted as one establishment.
No, since the establishment is not
functional. However, in case it has
suspended its function for the time
being or temporarily or activity has
become seasonal then it will be
listed.
98
 A husband and wife are providing May be listed as two separate
tuition to students, with the husband establishments, if and only if
5 working in the morning for 2 hours accounts are maintained separately
and wife working for 2 hours in the or else it will be treated as a single
afternoon. How to list this case? establishment.
The reference month being summer
vacation, work of coaching was not
performed in a coaching centre. But
Yes, the establishment is to be
tuition classes remained open and
covered and listed as it is non-
other expenses like electricity,
functional only for a temporary
6 sweepers’ charges, rent etc. were
period and would resume its work
being incurred by the owner. Naturally
thereafter. All assets are also in
no payment from the students was
place and not dismantled.
received during the reference month.
Whether such establishments are to
be covered?
The establishment pursuing
activities outside the scope of 7th
EC are not to be covered. However,
Establishments pursuing certain
since it is a house to house visit, it
activities (“see heading “what is to be
may happen, such activities are
left out”) are outside the coverage of
noticed, only when enquiries are
7 the Census, whether such activities
made. In such cases information
including agriculture pursued by the
would get filled up in the
entrepreneur are to be considered
designated field by the
while making entries?
enumerator& the relevant code
assigned. No other entries are
required to be made.
A rickshaw-puller is operating from a
particular place only. It is argued that
though the rickshaw-puller starts his
business daily from a single place, but
Yes. He should be covered at his
8 he wanders throughout the town to
place of residence.
carry passengers, and therefore the
treatment which is given to street
vendors should be given to rickshaw-
puller.
Fixed structure or premises
Whether fixed structure or premises
EXCLUDE temporary structures /
9 also include temporary shed / tamboo
shelters / sheds /tamboosor
structure?
temporary khokha’s etc.
Home-grown wheat is processed in
own flour mill or “Atta Chakki” and
10 Yes
sold as ‘atta’. Is it a manufacturing
establishment?

99
 In case of mixed activities, among
the two activities, priority should be
If there are two activities performed
given to the activity having
by an entrepreneur/owner which
11 relatively more
activity should be considered as
income/turnover/employment in
principal activity?
order of preference and details of
that one only be recorded.
Is renting of own house(s) It is a Real Estate activity if the
flats/apartments/shops by an owner owner is doing it on fairly regular
12
classified under "other service basis and it becomes a major
activity"? activity.
Selling Mobile recharge coupon is a
retail trading activity. However in
this case the basic & fundamental
activity of the establishment is
If a pan shop also sells mobile recharge making pans, a chewing item and
13 card what type of activity should be selling it after doing little
given? preparation. In both the cases,
activities are retail trading activity.
Thusthe relevant code for “Trading”
needs to be given. This may have
NIC code 472
Yes. They are involved in insurance
Will LIC agents be treated as
14 activities as commission agents.
establishment?
This may be given NIC code 662.
Individual shop owners to boost their
sales (especially during World Cup
No, this will be a part of ongoing
Football/ Cricket season) provide
activity only as the insurance
additional insurance to their
component is purely ad hoc and not
customers on purchase of the
the main activity. If establishment
products from their shops or Courier
15 happens to be a shop selling goods
Franchise establishments provide
then it will be treated as trading
insurance to the Courier goods
activity. In case it is a Courier
booked through them. Can these
establishment, then under
come under coverage of insurance
transportation activity
activity? If not, then what should be
the activity description in such a case?
Whether preparation of lassi will be Preparation & selling of lassi is a
16 treated as trading, manufacturing or restaurant / food service activity.
Restaurant / foodservice activity? This may have NIC code as 561
A carpenter is performing both It is to be treated as a case of two
Manufacturing and Installation establishments with manufacturing
17 activity with majority of his work in the and construction as the two broad
construction sector. How to list this activities if and only if accounts for
case? the two activities are maintained
100
 separate. Otherwise, list out it
under the major activity of the
carpenter in this case based on his
maximum income or no. of
employees.
Activity contributing maximum
towards turnover/ sale out of these
two (manufacturing &trading) may
A manufacturing establishment is also
be reported unless accounts of
engaged in selling of spares etc. of
these activities and the records of
18 items related to manufacturing. It is
the corresponding manpower /
also engaged in other trading activity.
worker are kept separate and
What activity should be recorded?
accounted in which case these
activities will form separate
establishments.
A manufacturer prepares sweets and
namkin at his workshop without doing
any selling/trading activity at
Workshop will be listed as
workshop and then distributes his
Manufacturing activity and all the
produce to his different outlets in
19 outlets should be treated as
different areas. Whether the
establishments with trading
shop/shops where only selling is done
activity.
will be treated as manufacturing or
trading and how workshop will be
treated / listed?
The name of the person who takes
What will be the name of the owner in major decision like President or
21
case of Self Help Group? Secretary etc. will be the owner of
the SHG.
What will be the ownership for an
establishment, where there has been
22 Present ownership is to be stated.
a change of ownership due to
partitioning of the parent property?
Social group of only proprietary
If an establishment is run jointly by
establishment or business is
23 more than one owner, whose social
required to be stated. In the cited
group is to be considered.
case this item is not applicable.
An establishment is owned and
financed by a womanbut that lady
does not participate in any day to day
business activities. All the business It is a proprietary establishment
24
activities & decisions to run the owned by the lady.
establishments are taken by her
husband. What would be the
ownership code and sex of the owner?

101
 Various social Groups have been
classified as OBC in state list whereas
these appear as general category in
25
Central list. How the code is to be
assigned at the time of filling in the
schedule?
An establishment has operated for 5
days in first month, 6 days in 2ndmonth
and 7 days in 3rd month during last 3
26
months. What will be the code for
nature of
operation/activity/establishment?
What will be the nature of operation if only for one or two more or less
27 the establishment runs only for one or fixed days or dates in a month but
two days in a month?
Whether a normal loan availed by an
establishment on its own from a
28 Nationalized Bank be treated as an
assistance from the Government
Sources
Whether a formally hired worker and
receiving regular wages, which is on
29
leave for last 30 days, will be counted
as a worker?
In an establishment one male worker
worked forfirst15 days and one female
30
worker worked for next 15 days; how
to consider them?
The code is to be assigned as per
the version of the informant/
respondent.
The enumerator has to undertake
deep probing regarding its nature
of operation/activity. It will be
treated as casual establishment if
there is no certainty about its
operation in future. If the activity
would resume depending upon
season/period and its products
sold/work is of seasonal nature
then, it may be categorized as
seasonal
As above. If the establishment does
exist from month to month and its
business is such that it is conducted
every month, then it is a perennial
establishment otherwise it would
be casual (if it is not going to
resume its operation)
No. Normal loan availed by an
establishment on its own from a
Nationalized Bank is not an
assistance from the Govt. Rather
this case is of borrowing from
financial institutions. However, if
there is subsidy/ soft loan provided
by the Govt especially, then it will
be considered as assistance.
Yes
No. of persons found working on
the last working day with reference
to the day of visit are to be
considered and recorded. In this
102
 case no. of persons working would
be as ‘one (1)’.

If the female members of the

household are engaged in household
establishment and helping their
31 Yes
spouse / husband or other family or
non-family workers, whether they will
be recorded as not hired persons?
For a tailoring unit run by a woman,
purchase of thread, button etc. is
done by her husband once in a week
Yes, the husband is to be counted
32 or as and when required. Can the
as a family worker (non-hired)
husband be treated as a helper in the
unit and included in other
worker/helper?
During the last 365 days an Number of workers whether hired
establishment had at least one hired on regular basis or on temporary
worker in first six months, but during basis or casual basis and also family
33 last six months there was no hired workers involved in the
worker on fairly regular basis. How the establishment and found working
number of workers have to be on the last working day excluding
recorded? the day of visit would be recorded.
Two manufacturing activities like
Yes, it is a mixed activity. Based on
tailoring and embroidery are done in
income / turnover / employment in
the same enterprise being handled by
34 order of preference, the NIC code
a single person. Whether this will be
may be 139 for embroidery or 141
treated as mixed activity in case the
in case of custom tailoring.
accounts are not separable?
Yes, it is a mixed activity. If same set
of persons run two or more
Two service sector activities like activities simultaneously at same
restaurant and STD booth are done in premises, consider as a single
the same enterprise being handled by enterprise as long as separate
35
a single person. Whether this will be books of accounts are not
treated as mixed activity in case the maintained by them. Based on
accounts are not separable? income/ turnover/ employment it
may have NIC code as 561
(restaurant) or 611 (STD booth)
A master bidi contractor supplies raw The households making bidi will be
material to households who after treated as an enterprise providing
using its instruments produce the bidi manufacturing services /
36
and return to the master contractor. Manufacturing service provider
The master contractor pays the (MSP).
household on piece rate. Who will be
103
 the manufacturing enterprise master Master contractor who supplies the
contractor or the household? raw material and has the
ownership of the final product also
will be considered as a
manufacturing enterprise. In both
cases NIC code will be 120.
A Dal mill owner is producing Dal, and
This is a mixed activity if accounts
side by side purchasing Dal from
are not separable. It may have NIC
37 market and supplying to his
code as 106 (Dal mill) or 472 (Retail
customers. Whether this activity will
trade in specialized store)
be considered as mixed activity?
If an enterprise is pursuing more than
one type of mfg. activity in the same If the accounts are not separable it
38
premises, whether it will be treated as will be considered as mixed activity,
mixed activity or not?
All efforts may be made to get the
If the proprietor does not stay at the
information. When the information
place of manufacturing activity and no
could not be collected despite all
39 information is available regarding his
efforts, treat the situation as if the
other activity, what will be the
proprietor does not have any other
relevant entry for multiple activities?
activity.
Whether Directors/Partners receiving
40 salary are to be included in ‘persons Yes.
worked’?
Nature of operation is to be noted
from informant’s version or as per the
41 As per informants’ version.
periodicity of operation of the activity
carried out during reference year?
What ownership code shall be
assigned to the enterprise jointly run
42 Partnership code 2
by husband & wife with equal
intensity?
If a manufacturing enterprise is
licensed for purchase of raw material Yes, it should be treated as a
and has no registration for establishment and code of the
43
manufacturing, whether the registration details and additional
enterprise is to be treated as registration, will be given
registered?
There are some units, which are not
registered under any authority or act
44 but the unit have got license. Whether Same as above.
the license will be considered as
registered?

104
 Whether the registration code of the As per information given by the
enterprise will be incorporated as per enterprise, however number, date
45
informant’s verbal opinion or from his and place of registration are to be
record. recorded.
If owner of enterprise draws
46 remuneration, will he be treated as No.
hired worker?
What will be the number of workers in
a unit employing 10 workers in first
Number will be 25 in such cases
shift and 15 workers in second shift &
47 irrespective of the fact that the
out of the workers working in second
workers are the same or different.
shift, 10 workers are included in first
shift also?
One enterprise is closed. Suppose it is
giving salary to the employees. If it is not existing or not intending to
48
Whether entry will be made in block do work, it may be shown as Others.
9?
In a hospital, some doctors are not on
their pay-roll and are being paid for
Such doctors will not be considered
49 their visit to hospital. Whether such
as workers.
doctors will be considered as
employees of that hospital?

105
General questions for Enumerators and Supervisors

Sr. Col No in
Frequently Asked Questions Response
No. Schedule
This is a Central Govt. Scheme of the
Ministry of Statistics and
Programme Implementation where
state govts. are conducting the field
work at the behest of the Central
Govt. Our State govt. has deployed
us to collect the data and given this
Who has authorized you to collect
1 responsibility. Concerned District
the data?
Statistical Office is the nodal officer
for overseeing this exercise in this
district. A copy of the Appeal issued
by Central or State Govt. could be
shown to the informant/
respondent and also the Identity
Card issued to the enumerator.
This will be useful to the Central /
State Govt and local govts. for
planning and policy making in the
country as a whole or even at the
village/ward/tehsil level by anyone.
No of industries/ establishments/
What will be the use of this data and shops; factories textile; handloom,
2
how it benefits us? etc. would be available and data of
small and micro units working in
your area would be utilized by the
govt for planning industrial
development or even extending
benefit to these areas which lack
industrial development.
We have been authorized to collect
the data by both the Central and
State Govt. under an Act which is
called “Collection of Statistics Act
What will happen if I do not part with 2008” This Act has been passed by
3 the information or refuses to give you Parliament. As per this Act, you are
the information you require? expected to give the desired
information, otherwise, a notice can
be issued to you for refusal and
later on requisite penalty / fine may
be imposed.

106
 There is house to house visit and all
Are you collecting information from
4 have to give information. Your
me only or from others also?
information would be kept secret.

107
Annexures
1.Relevant Sections of the Collection of Statistics Act 2008

108
 2. Schedule 7.0
1. Identification particulars:
State/ UT District Tehsil/ Taluka/ PS/ Town/ IV Unit Number (for UFS Block No (for Village/ ward PIN Code
Dev. Block/ Mandal Panchayat Urban areas) town only) (entry by VLE)

2. Locality/Street/Lane/Premises/ Building no: (Postal Address)

3. Economic Census (EC) House Number (should be auto-generated)
4. Purpose of EC House (Residential – 1; Commercial – 3; Others - 9)
If Purpose of EC House Type =1, Go To item-5; or if EC House type = 3, Go to Item-11 Else Stop Survey with appropriate remarks)
Information to be captured from each Household
5. Serial Number of the Household (auto-generated and linked to Census house number)
6. Name of head of household/respondent
7. Mobile Number of Head of household/respondent
8. Number of members usually residing in household: T/M/F/T-G
9. Number of Household Members pursuing entrepreneurial activity:
10.Total Number of Household based Establishments (if Zero, Stop Enumeration. Else proceed)
a. Establishment Details (To be captured at Household) (Only Ownership Codes-1/2 to be filled here, For other Ownership, Fill Item-11)

Type of
Establishment
Particulars of Owner/Partner if
(“Without Description of
ownership code is 1
fixed Name of Nature of Economic Nature of
Mobile Ownership of
Sl. structure Owner Economic Activity of operation of
Number of Establishment Age
No. outside (Household Activity Establishment Establishment
Owner/Partner (code) (in
Household”, member) (code) (as per NIC-3 (code)
Social
OR, “Inside digit) years) Gender Religion
Group
Household”
(Drop Down)

109
 1
2

Whether Whether
Manufacturing exporting Number of persons engaged (last working day preceding the
Services (Y/N) unit Major date of enumeration)
(Y/N) source Investment in plant & Annual
Sl.
If yes, of Contractual workers machinery/Equipment Turnover
No.
whether finance engaged through a (code) (code)
Non-hired
exports (code) Hired worker contractor or agency
worker
services
(Y/N)
Total M F T Total M F T Total
1
2
*: Mandatory for Exclusion Cases. Option for Observations by Enumerator also to be provided.
11.Establishments with fixed structure

i. Name of Establishment/Owner
ii. Address
iii. Mobile of Manager/ owner
iv. Email of Establishment/Manager/ owner
v. Nature of Economic Activity (code)
vi. Description of Economic Activity of Establishment (as per NIC-3 digit)
vii. Ownership (code):
viii. If ownership code is 1:
a. Age of Owner (in Years)
b. Gender of owner (code)

110
 c. Social group of owner (code)
d. Religion of owner (code)
ix. Major source of finance (code)
x. Number of persons engaged (last working day preceding the date of enumeration)
Hired workers
­ Total
­ Male
­ Female
­ Third Gender
Non-hired workers
­ Total
­ Male
­ Female
­ Third Gender
Contractual workers engaged through a contractor or agency (Total)
xi. Whether Uses IT for business operations (Y / N)
xii. Whether Manufacturing Services (Y/N)
xiii. Whether exporting unit (Y / N) (if Yes, whether exports Services (Y / N))
xiv. Investment in Plant & Machinery / Equipment (Code)
xv. Annual Turnover (code)
xvi. PAN of establishment/ owner
xvii. Registration Details of establishment
a. Primary Registering Authority (Check boxes, Multiple selection possible) (Option/Validation as per Ownership Code) (as per List-9)
b. Number, Date and place (for each selection in (a))
c. Additional Registration/License (Check boxes, Multiple selection possible) (as per List-10)
d. Number, Date and place (for each selection in (c))
xviii. Whether the establishment is branch/sales/factory/etc. office of another enterprise (Yes/No)
xix. If (xvii) is Yes, then

111
a. Name of the main Enterprise
b. PAN of the main Enterprise
c. Address the main Enterprise (State/District/locality/Pin code)
d. Registering Authority of main Enterprise (only One amongst a list-9)
e. Number, Date and place of main Enterprise
*: Mandatory for Exclusion Cases. Option for Observations by Enumerator also to be provided.
Code structure

1. Nature of economic activity

3. Gender of owner (Male – 1; Female – 2; Third Gender -
a. Primary - 1
3)
b. Manufacturing - 2
c. Electricity, Gas and water supply - 3
4. Social group of Owner (SC – 1; ST – 2; OBC – 3; Others –
d. Construction - 4
9)
e. Trading - 5
f. Services - 6
5. Religion of owner
2. Ownership code a. Hinduism – 1;
a. Residential and Commercial b. Islam – 2;
i. Proprietary (including HUF) - 1 c. Christianity – 3;
ii. Partnership – 2 d. Sikhism – 4;
e. Buddhism – 5;
iii. Society/Co-operatives - 4
f. Zoroastrian/ Parsi – 6;
iv. Self Help Groups - 5 g. Jainism – 7;
b. Commercial h. Others – 9
i. Private corporate sector - 3
ii. Club/Trusts/ Associations/ Body of 6. Nature of operation (Perennial – 1, Seasonal – 2, Casual
Individuals, etc. - 6 – 3)
iii. Government companies - 7
7. Major source of finance
iv. Public corporations - 8
a. Self-Finance-1;
v. Government Departments– 9

112
 b. Loan from private Money lenders – 2; i. 20-50Crore – 9;
c. Interest Free Loan from friends & relatives -3; j. 50-75Crore – 10;
d. Loan from cooperative banks & societies– 4; k. 75 – 250Crore – 11;
e. Loan from Commercial banks and Institutional l. >=250 Crore – 12
Agencies – 5; m. Others-99
f. Loan from Central & state level lending
institutions -6 10. Registration details
g. Loan from SHG/Micro Finance Institutions – 7; a. Shops and Establishment Act, 1953 – 1;
h. Direct financial assistance from b. Companies Act 2013 (incl LLPs)– 2;
Central/State/Local Government – 8 c. Indian Trust Act 1882(incl State Public Trust
i. Others-9 Act– 3;
d. Societies Registration Act. 1860 – 4;
8. Investment in Plant & Machinery / Equipment e. Co-operative Societies Act, 1912 – 5;
a. < 10 lakh – 1; f. Club/Association of Persons/Body of
b. 10-25 lakh -2; Individuals-6
c. 25 lakh – 2 Crore – 3; g. Foreign Companies (not under the CA 2013)-7
d. 2 – 5 Crore – 4; h. Not registered-8
e. 5-10 Crore-5; i. Any other Act (not covered above)-9
f. >=10 Crore-6
g. Others-9 11. Additional Registration/Licenses (Sector Specific)
a. Goods & Services Tax (GST) Act – 11;
9. Annual Turnover b. Factories Act 1948 (incl Bidi & Cigar Act) -12
a. <=1Lakh – 1; c. District Supply and Marketing Society -13
b. 1-5Lakh – 2; d. Food safety and Standard Authority- 14
c. 5-10Lakh – 3; e. Employee PF Organization/ Employee State
d. 10-20Lakh – 4; Insurance Corporation-15
e. 20-75 Lakh – 5; f. KVIC/ KVIB/ DC Handloom/ DC Handicrafts – 16;
f. 75 Lakh – 1.5 Crore – 6; g. State Directorate of Industries – 17;
g. 1.5 Crore – 5 Crore – 7;
h. 5–20Crore – 8;

113
h. Development Commissioner of Handicraft
/handloom /Commodity boards (Coir board, Silk
Board, Jute Commissioner etc.)-18;
i. State Specific licenses/ registration (incl.Labour
License/Trade License/Drug License/Factory
License/Electricity Board/State Business
Register/ Other State Specific licenses)-19
j. Any other Registration/Licenses (not covered
above)– 99

114
3. NIC Code List

DIVISION GROUP
SECTOR SECTION DIVISION GROUP DESCRIPTION
CODE CODE
Growing of non-
011
perennial crops
Growing of perennial
012
Crop and crops
animal 013 Plant propagation
production, 014 Animal production
01 hunting and 015 Mixed farming
related Support activities to
service 016 agriculture and post-
activities harvest crop activities
AGRICULTURE,
Hunting, trapping and
FORESTRY AND
017 related service
FISHING
activities
Silviculture and other
021
forestry activities
022 Logging
Forestry
02 Gathering of non-
and logging 023
wood forest products
Support services to
024
forestry
Primary
Fishing and 031 Fishing
03
aquaculture 032 Aquaculture
Mining of 051 Mining of hard coal
05 coal and
052 Mining of lignite
lignite
Extraction Extraction of crude
061
of crude petroleum
06 petroleum
Extraction of natural
and natural 062
gas
gas
MINING AND 071 Mining of iron ores
Mining of
QUARRYING 07 Mining of non-ferrous
metal ores 072
metal ores
Quarrying of stone,
Other 081
sand and clay
08 mining and
Mining and quarrying
quarrying 089
n.e.c.
Support activities for
Mining
09 091 petroleum and natural
support
gas extraction
115
 DIVISION GROUP
SECTOR SECTION DIVISION GROUP DESCRIPTION
CODE CODE
service Support activities for
activities 099 other mining and
quarrying
Processing and
101
preserving of meat
Processing and
preserving of fish,
102
crustaceans and
molluscs
Processing and
103 preserving of fruit and
vegetables
Manufactur Manufacture of
10 e of food 104 vegetable and animal
products oils and fats
Manufacture of dairy
105
products
Manufacture of grain
106 mill products, starches
and starch products
Manufacture of other
107
food products
Manufacturi MANUFACTURIN Manufacture of
108
ng G prepared animal feeds
Manufactur
Manufacture of
11 e of 110
beverages
beverages
Manufactur
e of Manufacture of
12 120
tobacco tobacco products
products
Spinning, weaving and
131
Manufactur finishing of textiles
13
e of textiles Manufacture of other
139
textiles
Manufacture of
141 wearing apparel,
Manufactur except fur apparel
e of Manufacture of
14 142
wearing articles of fur
apparel Manufacture of
143 knitted and crocheted
apparel

116
 DIVISION GROUP
SECTOR SECTION DIVISION GROUP DESCRIPTION
CODE CODE
Tanning and dressing
of leather;
manufacture of
Manufactur
151 luggage, handbags,
e of leather
15 saddlery and harness;
and related
dressing and dyeing of
products
fur
Manufacture of
152
footwear
Manufactur Sawmilling and planing
161
e of wood of wood
and of
products of
wood and
cork, except Manufacture of
16
furniture; products of wood,
162
manufactur cork, straw and
e of articles plaiting materials
of straw
and plaiting
materials
Manufactur
e of paper Manufacture of paper
17 170
and paper and paper products
products
Printing and Printing and service
reproductio 181 activities related to
18 n of printing
recorded Reproduction of
182
media recorded media
Manufactur Manufacture of coke
191
e of coke oven products
19 and refined Manufacture of
petroleum 192 refined petroleum
products products
Manufacture of basic
Manufactur chemicals, fertilizers
e of and nitrogen
201
chemicals compounds, plastics
20
and and synthetic rubber
chemical in primary forms
products Manufacture of other
202
chemical products

117
 DIVISION GROUP
SECTOR SECTION DIVISION GROUP DESCRIPTION
CODE CODE
Manufacture of man-
203
made fibres
Manufactur
e of basic
pharmaceut
ical Manufacture of
products pharmaceuticals,
21 210
and medicinal chemical
pharmaceut and botanical products
ical
preparation
s
Manufactur Manufacture of rubber
221
e of rubber products
22
and plastics Manufacture of
222
products plastics products
Manufactur Manufacture of glass
231
e of other and glass products
non-
23 Manufacture of non-
metallic
239 metallic mineral
mineral
products n.e.c.
products
Manufacture of basic
241
iron and steel
Manufactur
Manufacture of basic
24 e of basic
242 precious and other
metals
non-ferrous metals
243 Casting of metals
Manufacture of
structural metal
Manufactur 251 products, tanks,
e of reservoirs and steam
fabricated generators
metal Manufacture of
25 products, 252 weapons and
except ammunition
machinery Manufacture of other
and fabricated metal
equipment 259 products;
metalworking service
activities
Manufactur Manufacture of
26 e of 261 electronic components
computer, and boards
118
 DIVISION GROUP
SECTOR SECTION DIVISION GROUP DESCRIPTION
CODE CODE
electronic Manufacture of
and optical 262 computers and
products peripheral equipment
Manufacture of
263 communication
equipment
Manufacture of
264
consumer electronics
Manufacture of
measuring, testing,
265 navigating and control
equipment; watches
and clocks
Manufacture of
irradiation,
266 electromedical and
electrotherapeutic
equipment
Manufacture of optical
instruments and
267
photographic
equipment
Manufacture of
268 magnetic and optical
media
Manufacture of
electric motors,
generators,
271
transformers and
electricity distribution
and control apparatus
Manufacture of
Manufactur 272 batteries and
e of accumulators
27
electrical Manufacture of wiring
273
equipment and wiring devices
Manufacture of
274 electric lighting
equipment
Manufacture of
275
domestic appliances
Manufacture of other
279
electrical equipment

119
 DIVISION GROUP
SECTOR SECTION DIVISION GROUP DESCRIPTION
CODE CODE
Manufactur Manufacture of
e of 281 general-purpose
machinery machinery
28
and Manufacture of
equipment 282 special-purpose
n.e.c. machinery
Manufacture of motor
291
vehicles
Manufactur Manufacture of bodies
e of motor (coachwork) for motor
vehicles, 292 vehicles; manufacture
29
trailers and of trailers and semi-
semi- trailers
trailers Manufacture of parts
293 and accessories for
motor vehicles
Building of ships and
301
boats
Manufacture of
302 railway locomotives
and rolling stock
Manufactur Manufacture of air
e of other 303 and spacecraft and
30
transport related machinery
equipment Manufacture of
304 military fighting
vehicles
Manufacture of
309 transport equipment
n.e.c.
Manufactur
Manufacture of
31 e of 310
furniture
furniture
Manufacture of
321 jewellery, bijouterie
and related articles
Manufacture of
322
Other musical instruments
32 manufacturi Manufacture of sports
323
ng goods
Manufacture of games
324
and toys
Manufacture of
325
medical and dental
120
 DIVISION GROUP
SECTOR SECTION DIVISION GROUP DESCRIPTION
CODE CODE
instruments and
supplies
Other manufacturing
329
n.e.c.
Repair of fabricated
Repair and
metal products,
installation 331
machinery and
of
33 equipment
machinery
Installation of
and
332 industrial machinery
equipment
and equipment
Electric power
generation,
351
Electricity, transmission and
gas, steam distribution
35 and air Manufacture of gas;
conditionin 352 distribution of gaseous
g supply fuels through mains
Steam and air
353
conditioning supply
Water
collection, Water collection,
36 360
treatment treatment and supply
ELECTRICITY, GAS and supply
Electricity,
STEAM AND AIR 37 Sewerage 370 Sewerage
Gas & Water
CONDITIONING Waste 381 Waste collection
Supply
SUPPLY collection, Waste treatment and
382
treatment disposal
and
38
disposal
activities; 383 Materials recovery
materials
recovery
Remediatio
n activities
Remediation activities
and other
39 390 and other waste
waste
management services
manageme
nt services
Constructio
Construction of
41 n of 410
buildings
Construction CONSTRUCTION buildings
Civil Construction of roads
42 421
engineering and railways
121
 DIVISION GROUP
SECTOR SECTION DIVISION GROUP DESCRIPTION
CODE CODE
Construction of utility
422
projects
Construction of other
429 civil engineering
projects
Demolition and site
431
preparation
Electrical, plumbing
Specialized 432 and other construction
43 constructio installation activities
n activities Building completion
433
and finishing
Other specialized
439
construction activities
451 Sale of motor vehicles
Maintenance and
Wholesale
452 repair of motor
and retail
vehicles
trade and
Sale of motor vehicle
45 repair of 453
parts and accessories
motor
Sale, maintenance and
vehicles and
repair of motorcycles
motorcycles 454
and related parts and
accessories
Wholesale on a fee or
461
contract basis
Wholesale of
WHOLESALE AND agricultural raw
462
RETAIL TRADE; materials and live
Trading
REPAIR OF animals
MOTOR VEHICLES Wholesale Wholesale of food,
trade, 463 beverages and
except of tobacco
46
motor Wholesale of
464
vehicles and household goods
motorcycles Wholesale of
465 machinery, equipment
and supplies
Other specialized
466
wholesale
Non-specialized
469
wholesale trade
Retail trade, Retail sale in non-
47 471
except of specialized stores
122
 DIVISION GROUP
SECTOR SECTION DIVISION GROUP DESCRIPTION
CODE CODE
motor Retail sale of food,
vehicles and beverages and
472
motorcycles tobacco in specialized
stores
Retail sale of
473 automotive fuel in
specialized stores
Retail sale of
information and
474 communications
equipment in
specialized stores
Retail sale of other
475 household equipment
in specialized stores
Retail sale of cultural
476 and recreation goods
in specialized stores
Retail sale of other
477 goods in specialized
stores
Retail sale via stalls
478
and markets
Retail trade not in
479 stores, stalls or
markets
Land 491 Transport via railways
transport 492 Other land transport
and
49
transport
493 Transport via pipeline
via
pipelines
Sea and coastal water
Water 501
50 transport
transport
TRANSPORTATIO 502 Inland water transport
Services
N AND STORAGE Passenger air
Air 511
51 transport
transport
512 Freight air transport
Warehousin Warehousing and
521
g and storage
support
52
activities for Support activities for
522
transportati transportation
on
123
 DIVISION GROUP
SECTOR SECTION DIVISION GROUP DESCRIPTION
CODE CODE
Postal and 531 Postal activities
53 courier
532 Courier activities
activities
Short term
551 accommodation
activities
Accommod
55 Camping grounds,
ation
552 recreational vehicle
parks and trailer parks
ACCOMODATION
559 Other accommodation
AND FOOD
Restaurants and
SERVICES
561 mobile food service
ACTIVITIES
Food and activities
beverage Event catering and
56
service 562 other food service
activities activities
Beverage serving
563
activities
Publishing of books,
Publishing 581 periodicals and other
58
activities publishing activities
582 Software publishing
Motion Motion picture, video
picture, 591 and television
video and programme activities
television
programme
59 production,
Sound recording and
sound
INFORMATION 592 music publishing
recording
AND activities
and music
COMMUNICATIO
publishing
N
activities
Programmi 601 Radio broadcasting
ng and Television
60
broadcastin 602 programming and
g activities broadcasting activities
Wired
611 telecommunications
Telecommu activities
61
nications Wireless
612 telecommunications
activities

124
 DIVISION GROUP
SECTOR SECTION DIVISION GROUP DESCRIPTION
CODE CODE
Satellite
613 telecommunications
activities
Other
619 telecommunications
activities
Computer
programmi Computer
ng, programming,
62 620
consultancy consultancy and
and related related activities
activities
Data processing,
Information 631 hosting and related
63 service activities; web portals
activities Other information
639
service activities
Monetary
641
intermediation
Financial Activities of holding
642
service companies
activities, Trusts, funds and
64 except 643 similar financial
insurance entities
and pension Other financial service
funding activities, except
649
insurance and pension
funding activities
Insurance, 651 Insurance
FINANCIAL AND reinsurance 652 Reinsurance
INSURANCE and pension
ACTIVITIES funding,
65
except
653 Pension funding
compulsory
social
security
Activities auxiliary to
Activities financial service
auxiliary to 661 activities, except
financial insurance and pension
66
service and funding
insurance Activities auxiliary to
activities 662 insurance and pension
funding
125
 DIVISION GROUP
SECTOR SECTION DIVISION GROUP DESCRIPTION
CODE CODE
Fund management
663
activities
Real estate activities
681 with own or leased
REAL ESTATE Real estate property
68
ACTIVITIES activities Real estate activities
682 on a fee or contract
basis
691 Legal activities
Legal and Accounting,
69 accounting bookkeeping and
692
activities auditing activities; tax
consultancy
Activities of Activities of head
701
head offices
offices;
70 manageme
Management
nt 702
consultancy activities
consultancy
activities
Architectur Architectural and
al and engineering activities
711
engineering and related technical
71 activities; consultancy
PROFESSIONAL,
technical
SCIENTIFIC AND Technical testing and
testing and 712
TECHNICAL analysis
analysis
ACTIVITIES
Research and
experimental
721 development on
Scientific
natural sciences and
research
engineering
72 and
Research and
developme
experimental
nt
722 development on social
sciences and
humanities
Advertising 731 Advertising
73 and market Market research and
732
research public opinion polling
Other Specialized design
741
74 professional activities
, scientific 742 Photographic activities

126
 DIVISION GROUP
SECTOR SECTION DIVISION GROUP DESCRIPTION
CODE CODE
and Other professional,
technical 749 scientific and technical
activities activities n.e.c.
Veterinary
75 750 Veterinary activities
activities
Renting and leasing of
771
motor vehicles
Renting and leasing of
772 personal and
household goods
Rental and Renting and leasing of
77 leasing other machinery,
773
activities equipment and
tangible goods
Leasing of intellectual
property and similar
774
products, except
copyrighted works
Activities of
781 employment
placement agencies
Employmen Temporary
ADMINISTRATIVE 78
t activities 782 employment agency
AND SUPPORT
activities
SERVICES
Other human
ACTIVITIES 783
resources provision
Travel Travel agency and tour
791
agency, operator activities
tour
operator,
79 Other reservation
reservation
799 service and related
service and
activities
related
activities
Private security
Security 801
activities
and
80 Security systems
investigatio 802
service activities
n activities
803 Investigation activities
Services to Combined facilities
811
81 buildings support activities
and 812 Cleaning activities

127
 DIVISION GROUP
SECTOR SECTION DIVISION GROUP DESCRIPTION
CODE CODE
landscape Landscape care and
activities 813 maintenance service
activities
Office administrative
Office 821
and support activities
administrati
Activities of call
ve, office 822
centres
support and
82 Organization of
other
823 conventions and trade
business
shows
support
Business support
activities 829
service activities n.e.c.
Administration of the
State and the
Public
841 economic and social
administrati
policy of the
PUBLIC on and
community
ADMINISTRATION 84 defence;
Provision of services to
AND DEFENCE compulsory
842 the community as a
social
whole
security
Compulsory social
843
security activities
Pre-primary and
851
primary education
852 Secondary education
EDUCATION 85 Education 853 Higher education
854 Other education
Educational support
855
activities
861 Hospital activities
Human Medical and dental
862
86 health practice activities
activities Other human health
869
activities
Residential nursing
871
HUMAN HEALTH care facilities
AND SOCIAL Residential care
WORK ACTIVITIES activities for mental
Residential
872 retardation, mental
87 care
health and substance
activities
abuse
Residential care
873 activities for the
elderly and disabled
128
 DIVISION GROUP
SECTOR SECTION DIVISION GROUP DESCRIPTION
CODE CODE
Other residential care
879
activities
Social work activities
without
Social work
881 accommodation for
activities
the elderly and
88 without
disabled
accommoda
Other social work
tion
889 activities without
accommodation
Creative,
arts and Creative, arts and
90 entertainm 900 entertainment
ent activities
activities
Libraries,
archives,
Libraries, archives,
museums
91 910 museums and other
and other
cultural activities
ARTS, cultural
ENTERTAINMENT activities
AND RECREATION Gambling
Gambling and betting
92 and betting 920
activities
activities
Sports 931 Sports activities
activities
and
93 amusement Other amusement and
932
and recreation activities
recreation
activities
Activities of business,
employers and
941 professional
Activities of
membership
membershi
organizations
94 p
Activities of trade
OTHER SERVICE organizatio 942
unions
ACTIVITIES ns
Activities of other
949 membership
organizations
Repair of Repair of computers
95 computers 951 and communication
and equipment
129
 DIVISION GROUP
SECTOR SECTION DIVISION GROUP DESCRIPTION
CODE CODE
personal
and Repair of personal and
952
household household goods
goods
Other
personal Other personal service
96 960
service activities
activities
Activities of
households Activities of
as households as
97 970
employers employers of domestic
of domestic personnel
personnel
Undifferentiated
ACTIVITIES OF Undifferenti
goods-producing
HOUSEHOLDS AS ated goods-
981 activities of private
EMPLOYERS and
households for own
services-
use
98 producing
Undifferentiated
activities of
service-producing
private
982 activities of private
households
households for own
for own use
use
Activities of
ACTIVITIES OF
extraterrito Activities of
EXTRATERRITORI
rial extraterritorial
AL 99 990
organizatio organizations and
ORGANIZATIONS
ns and bodies
AND BODIES
bodies

130