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NAMA KELOMPOK 1

1. AZER BEKANG,S.Pd
2. SENIMAN,S.Pd,M.Si
3. SATRIA BANNE RARA’,S.Pd
4. YANET BANO,S.Pd
5. TANDREANG,S.Pd
6. ILHAM THAMRIN,SS

KP 3 . CORE MODAL AND SEMI MODAL


A. Tujuan

Setelah pelatihan, peserta mampu memahami penggunaan modality dalam aspek


kebahasaan baik linguistik; wacana, sosiolinguistik maupun strategis)

B. Indikator Pencapaian Kompetensi

1. Menggunakan modality (Core Modals dan Semi Modals) dalam berbagai kompetensi kebahasaan
(linguistik, wacana, sosiolinguistik, dan strategis).

2. Menentuka modality (Core Modals dan Semi Modals) yang tepat sesuai konteks

A. INTRODUCTION:

Modal verbs (can, could, must, should, ought to, may, might, will, would, shall) are modal auxiliary
verbs that express ability, necessity, obligation, duty, request, permission, advice, desire, probability,
possibility, etc. Modal verbs express the speaker's attitude to the action indicated by the main verb.

· She can drive. (ability)

· I must go. (strong necessity)

· You should call him. (advice)

· Could you help me with this report, please? (request)

· You may stay here. (permission)

· I would like to see her. (desire)

· He might leave soon. (possibility)modality (Core Modals dan Semi Modals) yang tepat sesuai
konteks

TYPE OF MODALS

A modal may have several different meanings, while similar meanings may be expressed by using
different modals:
Ø He can't be at home; I've just met him. (deduction)

Modul Guru Pembelajar Bahasa Inggris Kelompok Kompetensi Profesional B 5

Ø Unless you finish your homework, you can't go to the cinema. (prohibition)

Ø Can I help you? (offer)

Ø May I help you? (offer)

1. CORE MODAL VERBS

The modal verbs (or modal auxiliary verbs) are: can, could, may, might, will, shall, would, should and
must.

· Modal verbs always come first in a verb phrase and are followed by a bare infinitive. When used
with a perfect infinitive, modal verbs usually refer to past time:

ü I could hear the dog barking outside. (modal + simple bare infinitive)

ü You must be joking. (modal + continuous bare infinitive)

ü He may have caught the train. (modal + perfect bare infinitive)

ü You must have been waiting for hours. (modal + perfect continuous bare infinitive) )

• Modal verbs take no -s in the third person singular:

He might be at the office.

• Modal verbs form their negative and interrogative like other auxiliaries and not with do: i

ü I can't swim.

ü Can you swim?

• Modal verbs have no proper past tense; however, could, would, might and should may be
used to refer to past time:

ü I could swim when I was five.

• Modal verbs have no infinitive, -ing or past participle forms and cannot be followed by other
modal verbs. When necessary, modal idioms or other expressions are used instead of them:

Ø If you want to be a sailor, you must can swim. If you want to be a sailor, you must be able to swim.

Ø I have canned swim since the age of five. I have been able to swim since the age of five.

3.OTHER MODAL EXPRESSIONS

be able

to be allowed
to be about

to be bound

to be going

to be likely

to be obliged to be supposed to etc.

Other expressions that carry modal meanings are: be to, had better, have (got) to, would rather.

C. MODAL VERBS MEANING

We often use modal verbs or other modal expressions when we want to express an opinion or
attitude about a possible fact or to control a possible action. All modal expressions are about the
speaker‘s or writer‘s view of the world.

He is her brother,She told me. I know this fact for certain.I am not
expression an opinion about it. I am
starting it as a fact.

He must be her brother. They look so I am expressing an opinion about a fact


much alike. because of the evidence that I have.
Jan always goes with us. I‘m not expressing an attitude or opinion
about this action.
OK. Jan can go if she’s finished. I‘m controlling a possible action. I‘m giving
Jan permission.

We can divide most modal words and expressions into two types of meaning:

1.The speaker or writer decides how certain something is, either in the present, future or
past. We see this type of meaning when we talk about degrees of certainty, possibility,
likelihood, doubt:

ü Paula can’t be home yet. It’s impossible. She left 10 minutes after us.

[The speaker hears the phone ring and predicts who is ringing.]

ü There’s the phone. That’ll be Mum.

ü I may go. I haven’t decided yet.

2. The speaker or writer wants to control or ‗direct‘ the action. They give and refuse
permission. They talk about obligation and necessity. They talk about how they would like
the world to be:

We can divide most modal words and expressions into two types of meaning:
1.The speaker or writer decides how certain something is, either in the present, future or past. We
see this type of meaning when we talk about degrees of certainty, possibility, likelihood, doubt:

ü Paula can’t be home yet. It’s impossible. She left 10 minutes after us.

[The speaker hears the phone ring and predicts who is ringing.]

ü There’s the phone. That’ll be Mum.

ü I may go. I haven’t decided yet.

2. The speaker or writer wants to control or ‗direct‘ the action. They give and refuse
permission. They talk about obligation and necessity. They talk about how they would like
the world to be:

2. It‘s a great town. You … visit it some day. Advice.

a. could b. might

c. should c. had better

3. It‘s getting late. I … go now. (Necessity)

a. can b. have to

c. may d. would rather

4. … you open the window, please? It‘s hot in here. (Polite request)

a. could b. couldn‘t

c. won‘t c. wouldn‘t

5.

A: Where is Anna?

B: I don‘t know She … be at the swimming pool or in the park.

a. could b. should

c. must d. has to

[parent says to child]

· You can come if you’re good.

· He should take more care.

· Tell Jen she needn’t bother about the washing up.

· You mustn’t worry so much about her.


· You may go now. (formal)

meaning Wihich example


verb

Really Will My birthday will be on a Monday this year.


certain Won’t won’t
Shall I won’t have a part
Shan’t shall
Must I shall have plenty to tell you when I see you
Can’t shan’t
I shan’t ask you to come again.
must
The cakes must be ready soon. They’ve been in the oven for an hour.
can’t
You can’t be hungry. You had a huge lunch.

Very Should The traffic isn’t heavy. We should be there in an hour.


likely Ougtt to
possible May The traffic isn’t heavy. We ought to be there in an hour.
Might She may be a friend of Richard’s. She might be a friend richard’s
could She could be a friend of richard’s

Strong Must You must arrive at 6 to pick up the tickets


obligation Have to I have to go up to the hospital twice a week. We need to win this game to get i
Weak Need to
obligation Should Children should look after their parents in old age
Ought Children ought to look after their parents in old age.
to
Strong obligation Must You must arrive at 6 to pick up the tickets
Weak obligation Have to I have to go up to the hospital twice a week. We need to win this game
Need to the final.
Should Children should look after their parents in old age
Ought Children ought to look after their parents in old age.
to

Request Will Will you close that door?

Promise Would Would you close that door?

Decicion Could Could you help me with this?

Advice and Will I’ll come back before 6

Suggestion Will I think I’ll eat later. I am not Hungry now

Ability Should You should apply for that job

General Can Can you swim underwater?


truth
Could I could play much better ten years ago

Can Too much exercise can be bad for you

may A list of verbs may be found

Exercises

Choose the most appropriate answer for expressing ability.

1. Maria … type 80 words per minute.

a. may b. can

c. Could d. has to

Choose the most appropriate answer to express strong probability. Strong probability means that
you are about 90 percent sure.
6. It‘s 10:00 a.m. He … in the office now.
a. must be b. may be
c. might be d. can be

7. Complete these following sentences with right modal verb!

1. There are plenty of tomatoes in the fridge. You ................. buy any.

2. It's a hospital. You ................. smoke.

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