NOTESGS2 Notes

Notes According to Syllabus GS 2 - JeetoBharat Wiki 10/07/19, 10(10 PM
Notes According to Syllabus GS 2

Contents
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1 Indian Constitution
2 Functions and responsibilities of the Union and the States,
3 Federal structure
4 Devolution of powers and finances
5 Separation of powers between various organs
6 Dispute redressal mechanisms and institutions
7 Comparison of the Indian constitutional scheme with that of other
countries
8 Parliament and State Legislatures
9 Ministries and Departments of the Government
10 Pressure groups and formal/informal associations
11 Salient features of the Representation of People's Act.
12 Constitutional Bodies.
13 Statutory, regulatory and various quasi-judicial bodies
14 Government policies
15 Development
16 Welfare schemes
17 Social Sector: Health, Education, Human Resources.
18 Poverty and hunger.
19 Governance
19.1 Important aspects of governance
19.2 Role of civil services in a democracy
20 International Relations
20.1 Indian Foreign Policy
20.2 India and its neighborhood
20.2.1 Afghanistan
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20.2.2 Bangladesh
20.2.3 Bhutan
20.2.4 China
20.2.5 Myanmar
20.2.6 Nepal
20.2.7 Indian Ocean Region
20.2.8 Pakistan
20.2.9 Srilanka
20.3 South East Asia and Asia Pacific
20.4 East Asia
20.5 Eurasia
20.6 Central Asia
20.7 Gulf and West Asia
20.8 Africa
20.9 Europe and European Union
20.10 The Americas
20.11 India Global AIR FM Programs
20.12 Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving
India
20.13 Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing
countries on India's interests
20.14 Indian diaspora
20.15 Important International institutions, agencies and fora
Indian Constitution
- historical underpinnings, evolution, features, amendments, significant
provisions and basic structure.
Functions and responsibilities of the Union and

the States,
Federal structure
Devolution of powers and finances

Separation of powers between various organs
Dispute redressal mechanisms and institutions
Comparison of the Indian constitutional scheme
with that of other countries
Parliament and State Legislatures
-Structure, functioning, conduct of business, powers & privileges and
issues arising out of these.
Ministries and Departments of the Government

Pressure groups and formal/informal
associations
Salient features of the Representation of
People's Act.
Constitutional Bodies.
Statutory, regulatory and various quasi-judicial
bodies
Government policies
Development
Welfare schemes
Social Sector: Health, Education, Human
Resources.
Poverty and hunger.

Governance
Important aspects of governance
- transparency and accountability, e-governance- applications, models,

successes, limitations, and potential; citizens charters, transparency &
accountability and institutional and other measures.
Role of civil services in a democracy
International Relations
Indian Foreign Policy
The foundations of India's foreign policy were laid during the freedom
movement when our leaders, even when fighting for independence, were
engaged with the great causes of the time. The principles of India's
foreign policy, that emerged then, have stood the test of time: a belief in
friendly relations with all countries of the world, the resolution of conflicts
by peaceful means, the sovereign equality of all states, independence of
thought and action as manifested in the principles of Non-alignment, and
equity in the conduct of international relations.
India's foreign policy can be divided into three distinct epochs. The initial
phase, which began shortly after independence, lasted until 1962. The
second phase extended from 1962 to 1991. The third phase began in
1991 and continues to the present day.
A newly independent India was plunged into the world affairs when the
external environment was of the Cold War between the two super powers
—the United States (US) and the Soviet Union (USSR)—both were on the
winning side in the the Second World War. Even before the independence
in August 1947, an interim government under Nehruʼs leadership had

been put in place in September 1946.
The first prime minister of India, Jawaharlal Nehru was in a dilemma.

Though western educated, he was personally attracted to the Marxist
thought. But any alignment with the one or the other bloc would have
meant loss of newly won independence. Loss of Indiaʼs independence in
the decision-making even slightly was an unacceptable proposition to
him. Thus, he opted to keep India away from both the power blocs, and
follow an independent foreign policy. This came to be known as the
policy of non-alignment.
He had formulated the basic policy outlines in a broadcast from New

Delhi on 7 September, 1946 in which he laid out certain foreign policy
goals. He was then only an interim prime minister, as independence had
not even been announced. These goals included: end of colonialism and
racism, independence from power blocs and close ties with China and
Asian neighbours.
Primarily by non-alignment Nehru meant not getting entangled with any

military alliances. Soon after the end of the Second World War, there
were military alliances floated by the United States and the Soviet Union.
The US promoted North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) and the
Soviet Union had to counter it by Warsaw Pact. While these were the
competing military alliances at the global level, these two super powers
also promoted regional alliances to attract the newly independent nations
in Asia and Africa.
Second, non-alignment did not mean neutrality in world politics.

Neutrality has a meaning that is truly relevant during the times of war. But
non-alignment is a positive thought; it meant that India retained the
independence of decision making on an issue that affected her interests.
There was no a priori commitment to support one or the other nation
involved in a crisis.
Thus, in Indiaʼs neighbourhood, the US promoted South East Asia Treaty

Organisation (SEATO) and Central Treaty Organisation (CENTO) in the
1950s. Both these organisations were ostensibly meant to fight against
communism exported by the Soviet Union. But Indiaʼs neighbour,
Pakistan joined the treaty organisations primarily to get military aid from
the US to fight against India. The membership of Pakistan of these
treaties brought the Cold War to the doors of India aggravating tensions
between India and Pakistan. The American weapons and support
generated because of their membership of military alliances also
complicated the India-US relations.
https://youtu.be/1JrviSFmUZo
Nehru
Indira Gandhi
Rajiv Gandhi
Narasimha Rao
I K Gujral
Atal Bihari Vajpayee
Manmohan Singh
Narendra Modi
India and its neighborhood
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
China
Myanmar
Nepal
Indian Ocean Region
Pakistan
Srilanka
South East Asia and Asia Pacific
East Asia
Eurasia
Central Asia
Gulf and West Asia
Africa
Europe and European Union
The Americas
India Global AIR FM Programs
Turkey
https://youtu.be/S9wvZrFcxFU
Republic of Korea
https://youtu.be/fNqfb1801Yc
Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements

involving India
Effect of policies and politics of developed and

developing countries on India's interests
Indian diaspora
Important International institutions, agencies and fora
- their structure, mandate.

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Notes According to Syllabus GS 2 - JeetoBharat Wiki 10/07/19, 10(10 PM

Notes According to Syllabus GS 2

Functions and responsibilities of the Union and

Devolution of powers and finances

Ministries and Departments of the Government

Poverty and hunger.

- transparency and accountability, e-governance- applications, models,

Role of civil services in a democracy

in August 1947, an interim government under Nehruʼs leadership had

The first prime minister of India, Jawaharlal Nehru was in a dilemma.

He had formulated the basic policy outlines in a broadcast from New

Primarily by non-alignment Nehru meant not getting entangled with any

Second, non-alignment did not mean neutrality in world politics.

Thus, in Indiaʼs neighbourhood, the US promoted South East Asia Treaty

Atal Bihari Vajpayee

India and its neighborhood

Indian Ocean Region

South East Asia and Asia Pacific

Gulf and West Asia

Europe and European Union

India Global AIR FM Programs

Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements

Effect of policies and politics of developed and

Important International institutions, agencies and fora

- their structure, mandate.

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