Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Abstract— This paper reviews the state of the art regarding implementation of these technologies seeks to automate the
with the implementation activities and standardization of ATM Air Traffic Management in order to meet the growing
aeronautical telecommunications network (ATN) for the different demand for air navigation services globally for the next two
air navigation services providers and governing bodies of civil decades [3] [4].
aviation in the American and European environment and its Moreover, linked to technological development is the
contributions to the operational safety. It establishes a time growth of the complexity of the control systems of airspace
perspective of the development of CNS/ATM (Communications,
and its implications in maintaining safety. The process of
Navigation, Surveillance/Air Traffic Management) and the
aeronautical telecommunications network (ATN) is located in this
improving safety has led to a drastic decrease in the number
evolutionary process, from the operational and technological and severity of incidents and aircraft accidents [5].
standpoint. The paper presents a general model of aeronautical The aeronautical telecommunication network is seen as a
telecommunications network (ATN) based on the operational technology, which implemented with a set of procedures and
concept of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) regulations, improve barriers to prevent aviation accidents and
embodied in its guidance documents and regulatory material, incidents, this contributing to the improvement of safety [5]
describing the most commonly used generic applications. In turn, it
[6].
is an analytical description of the main efforts for implementation
and standardization of the various regulatory agencies and Among the technologies given in the CNS/ATM concept
providers of air navigation services and European Americans, with therein lies the Aeronautical Telecommunication Network
emphasis on the process of implementation and migration services (ATN) [3] [7], which is designed to be a robust data network
for each generic application (ground-ground, ground-air and air- connectivity enabling ground-ground, ground-air and air- air to
to-air). Finally examines future trends for the development of the its users [8] [9] [10] [11]. This technology will allow
aeronautical telecommunications network (ATN), its contributions connection to the world of civil aviation authorities, aircraft
to the operational safety and conclusions are made about the raised operators, airlines, and other users of aeronautical
topics.
communications services [12].
The above mentioned technology will have to allow the
Keywords— Aeronautical Telecommunications Network,
operational safety, ATN, FANS.
connection worldwide, of civil aviation authorities, aircraft
operators and other users of aeronautical communications
services [12]. The ATN will have to satisfy all the demands of
I. INTRODUCTION communications between the users of the ATM system. One of
The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), the segments that are being implemented by major rapidity is
aware of the need to improve the facilities and services used the communications between ATS dependences in terrestrial
for air navigation, with the growth in air traffic worldwide, applications, migrating old applications based on X.25
created in the early 1980s the FANS (Future Air Navigation networks to applications based on IP networks [13].
Services) committees [1] [2], which after more than a decade The part II of this article describes the operational concept
of study, introduced in 1993, a concept for the future of the network ATN supported by the generic modeling
aeronautical communications technologies based primarily on established by ICAO in its Standards and Recommended
digital data networks and open telecommunications networks. Practices (SARPs) and related guidance material.
This concept is called CNS / ATM (Communications,
Later in Part III will be an analytical description of the
Navigation, Surveillance / Air Traffic Management) and the
status of implementation and standardization activities of the
various governing bodies of civil aviation and providers of air not related to safety and is focused to an administrative and
navigation services. Take as the context and scope of the private communications [8].
analysis efforts by ICAO as the main regulatory body for civil
aviation worldwide [7], European efforts framed in the SESAR The ATN is modeled by applying the seven OSI layers
project [14] [15], the activities of the FAA ( Federal Aviation reference model [9], where it manages to communicate end-
Administration) and NASA (National Aerospace user systems (end-end communication), which can be fixed
Administration) U.S. [16] and the strategy taken by the states (ATS) or mobile (aircraft), through intermediate systems and
of the Caribbean and South America, for the implementation of data communication subnets based on digital data links [12]
ATN networks [13] [1] as shown in the evolutionary scheme of [19]. The ATN conceptual model proposed by ICAO is shown
Figure 1. in the figure 2.
The ATN has multiple subnets that will support the ground-
ground, ground-air and air-to-air, exchanging information
between the following entities in general [7] [8]:
• Ground-Ground subnet: exchanges
information between air traffic control
dependencies and between air traffic control
dependencies and aircraft operators [17].
• Ground-Air subnet: exchanges information
between air traffic control dependencies and
aircraft crews [9].
• Air-Air-Subnet: exchanges information
between aircraft crews [20].
The subnets are supported by sets of technologies, with
their respective protocols, which provide certain advantages
Fig. 1. Evolutionary scheme of the activities of standarization and over each other . ICAO defines some of these technologies in
implementation of ATN its regulations and guidance material [7], however these are not
restrictive technologies identified, a service provider can use
Part IV examines the various trends that set the standard in one or a set of technologies, different from the standardized by
the future in implementing ATN networks and their ICAO, which allows meet operational requirements [11] [21].
contributions to improving safety.
Finally in Part V will be some conclusions on the issues
raised in the document.