Chapter 1

Rationale

According to the Rowe (2019), electric fans circulate air by using electricity to spin a rotor shaft
attached to the fan blades. Wires wrapped around magnets inside the fan motor's housing carry electric
current, turning the magnets into powerful electromagnets. Sterjova (2017) explained that electric fans are
the invention of American electrical engineer Schuyler Skaats Wheeler. Based on Tesla and Edison’s
work on electricity, he designed the first fan in 1882. It consisted of two propellers attached to an electric
motor and had no protective case. His invention was first commercialized by the Curtis & Crocker
Company where Wheeler was a plant manager. The electric fans were produced later by the Crocker-
Wheeler Company. The early models weren’t exactly safe. The blades turned with an incredible speed
and the lack of protection led to accidents. These early fans were quite expensive so they could be found
either in wealthy families’ houses or in offices. The researchers came up to this innovation to create a
unique double sided fan. People nowadays, commonly use a mini fan or one sided fan which are
commonly found in schools, offices and most especially in houses. The purpose of this invention is to
execute a wider scope of fans for better satisfaction. As what we have in our houses, the electric fan
cannot cover up the whole area that’s why the researchers came to this idea in inventing a double sided in
order for the beneficiaries to experience the best satisfaction of using double sided fans. According to
Science News (2015), electric fans may be effective cooling devices for those without air conditioning
during hot and humid periods.

Theoretical frameworks

The study was anchored by the theory of AC motor theory, Nikola Tesla invented alternating
current motors, or AC motors, in the late 19th century.
 AC motors are different from DC or direct current motors in their use of alternating current,
which changes direction. AC motors transform electrical energy to mechanical energy. AC motors are
still heavily used in modern life, and you may find them in appliances and gadgets in your own home. In
addition, The simplest principle of the motor is to use electromagnets with currents to create force to
move something – in other words, to convert electrical energy to rotational mechanical energy. Motors
are set up with electromagnets in nested rings with the magnets' polarities alternating north to south in the
rings. Rotor magnets move while stator magnets do not. The north-south polarity of these electromagnets
has to reverse constantly (Dotson, 2018). Prior to Tesla’s inventions, direct current motors were the
presiding type of motor. An AC motor works by applying alternating current to stator windings, which
produce a rotating magnetic field. Because the magnetic field rotates in this way, an AC motor does not
need power or mechanical aid to be applied to the rotor. The rotor will rotate via the magnetic field and
create torque on the drive shaft of the motor. The speed of rotation varies based on the number of
magnetic poles in a stator. This speed is called synchronous speed. AC induction motors, however,
operate with a lag or slip to allow the flow of rotor current. Different AC motors will have different
numbers of poles and therefore varying speeds in comparison with each other. The speed of an AC motor,
however, is not variable itself, but rather constant. This is in contrast to many DC motors. AC motors do
not require the brushes (power contacts) or commutators that DC motors need. Tesla’s inventions vastly
changed the landscape of motors, allowing more efficient, reliable devices. These AC motors
revolutionized industries and paved the way for uses in many appliances used in the 21st century, such as
coffee grinders, shower fans, air conditioners and refrigerators.

This study was supported lectromagnetic induction by Michael Faraday. Electromagnetic

Induction is a process where a conductor placed in a changing magnetic field causes the production of
voltage across the conductor. This process of Electromagnetic Induction, in turn, causes, an electrical
current and is said to induce the current.

In addition, the theory was also supported by Electric motor theory by Neil Orme. It states that a
permanent magnet will attract and hold metal objects when the object is near or in contact with the
magnet. The permanent magnet is able to do this because of its inherent magnetic force which is referred
to as a "magnetic field". In Figure 1 , the magnetic field of two permanent magnets are represented by
"lines of flux". These lines of flux help us to visualize the magnetic field of any magnet even though they
only represent an invisible phenomena. The number of lines of flux vary from one magnetic field to
another. The stronger the magnetic field, the greater the number of lines of flux which are drawn to
represent the magnetic field. The lines of flux are drawn with a direction indicated since we should
visualize these lines and the magnetic field they represent as having a distinct movement from a N-pole to
a S-pole as shown in Figure 1.
Statement of the problem

This study aim to innovate a new fan that could reduce the heat in homes or in offices. Second, the
purpose of the study is to help reduce energy consumption.

1. How assuring that the fan will not short curcuit nor overheat?
2. How does it help in conserving energy?
3. How long wil the product last?
4. How much this product cost?

Significance of the study

This study will be significant to the following:

Household users. This will help them maximize the efficiency of using double sided fans. This will also
be vital in their cool or lessen the heat in their place. since this is the most commonly used type of
appliance for household management.

Offices. This will help them provide and improve a good ventilation of air towards their workplace.

Markets. This will help the sellers incorporate the placement of flies to their goods or products rendered
to the customers.

Future Researchers. This will serve as basis in conducting their researches.

Hypothesis

Null hypothesis: There is no significant difference on conservation of energy of two-joined

parallel fan and its effectivity compared to normal stand fans. Alternative hypothesis: There is a
significant difference on conservation of energy of two-joined prallel fan and its effectivity compared to
normal stand fans. Cause and effect: If there is a significant difference on the conservation of energy and
its effectivity, then the tow-joined parallel fan and the normal stand fan will differ significantly.

Definition of terms
 Induction- mathematical demonstration of the validity of a law concerning all the positive
integers by proving that it holds for the integer 1 and that if it holds for an arbitrarily chosen
positive integer k, it must hold for the integer k + 1.
 Motor- any of various power units that develop energy or impart motion.
 Electormagnets- a core of magnetic material (such as iron) surrounded by a coil of wire
through which an electric current is passed to magnetize the core.
 Conserve- to keep in a safe or sound state.
 Power- ability to act or produce an effect.
 Current- a flow of electric charge.
 Magnetic- possessing an extraordinary power or ability to attract.