Basic Notes and Interview Questions

BASIC NOTES AND INTERVEW QUESTION THOSE WHO ARE ASPIRING IN THE INFRASTRUCTURE.
1-Steps for new project starting:

Major steps to start a new road project:
1-Survey work: site, setting out and cross-section before the commencement of the work line
and level of the work shall be carefully checked to ensure its accuracy.
2-Take sample: of existing soil for testing CBR values and other physical tests
3-Site office: should be established as per requirements of the contract.
4-Safety plan: should be submitted by the contractor, approved by the engineer to ensure the
surety and safety of public and adjoining property.
5-QA/QC plan: submitted by the contractor.
6-Programme of work: The Contractor shill submits to the consultant for approval a critical
path program and other supporting documents of the work within 28 days after the date of
letter acceptance.
7-Noc taken.
8-General site clearance.
9-Trial trenches to check the existing utilities as per marked on the drawing where NOC, s
already taken.
10-Shop drawing preparation and taking approval from Consultants and Authority.
11-Existing services protection/relocation lowering, relocation and diversion of existing
services.
12-Earth work.
13-Formation preparation.
14-Installation of Proposed Services network.
15-Installation of Future/Spare duct.
16-Kerbstone work.
17-Subbase/Road Base.
18-Wet Mix Macadam Road Base.
19-Prime coat.
20-Asphalt Base Course.
21-Tack coat.
22-Asphalt Wearing Course
23-Road marking.
24-Duct marker, Road Stud.
25-Road Sign Board fixing.
26-Footh Path construction.
27-As Built drawing.
28-Handing over.
Main steps considering for a new project starting of Project Manager:
1-Setup staff bars chart and budget.
2-Review plant bar chart.
CIVIL 4M INTERVIEW QUESTIONS
3-Review origination chart.

4-Review labor budget and setup labor histogram.
5-Review material procurement budget and set target asphalt and road base material.
6-Review drawing.
7-Setup material reconciliation files weekly report required.
8-Arrangement of setting out and site survey.
9-Established site office for work start.
10-Early requisition for establishment for machinery and material.
11-Master program to be submitted to the consultant.
12-Preparation of target construction program.
13-Preparation of design program.
14-Method statement submitted to consultant.
15-Preparation of material submitting schedule.
16-Review drawing and specification and raise RFI to consultant if any clarification required
in drawing.
17-Review commercial plan for profit.
18-Setup cash flow forecast/income, expenditure and target cash balance.
19-Preparation and submit to consultant of safety, Health, Environmental plan.
20- Preparation and submit to consultant of QA/QC plan.
21-Review summery of submittal.
22-Asphalt wearing course waist control and manage less than 8%.
23-Dig permits to be issued before any excavation activity.
24-Site logistic and welfare plan to be provided and reviewed.
25-Performance guarantee and contract insurance to be issued.
2-Survey:
1: What is horizontal profile?
Ans: Change in road alignment in plain view is called horizontal profile. It includes horizontal
curves.
2: What is vertical curve?
Ans: A parabolic curve that is applied to make a smooth and safe transition between two
grades on a road surface is called vertical curve.
Type of vertical curve:
1-Crest vertical curve, 2-Sag vertical curve.
3: What is Horizontal and Vertical alignment?

Ans: Horizontal alignment of road shown in x and z coordinates called the plan view.
2. Vertical alignment of the road is shown on the y axis and is called the profile view.
4: What is the longitudinal gradient provided generally for roads?
Ans: .1 to 3 %.
5: What is transverse cross fall provided generally to cross-section of roads?

Ans: 2 %.
6-What is Formula to calculate of Bearing, Co-ordinate and Distance?
Ans: Bearing = N-N = ND, E-E = ED, Bearing =ED/ND *Tan-1
Co-ordinate: Next Co-ordinate Northing=N+Distance*Cos Bearing, Next coordinate
Easting=E+Distance*Sin Bearing,
N=D Cos Theta, E=D Sin Theta
Distance = N-N = ND, E-E = ED, =NDsq +EDsq Jazer
6-Explain about GPS?
Ans: The global positioning system (GPS) is a space based satellite navigation system that
provides location and time information in all weather condition on the earth.
It becomes fully operation in 1995.
Parts of GPS: 1-Base +Radio,2-Rover+Controller
Road Alignment: The route along which the center line of a road is located in plan is called
the road alignment.
Camber or Cross slope:1-Parabolic camber,2-Slope camber,3-Composite camber.
7-What are the main design parameters you check before issuing the approval for road
profile?
8-Why transition curve is is introduced at the beginning and end of the circular curve.
9-What is compound curve?
10-What is parameter required to set a circular curve and how do you do it.
3-NOC (No Objection Certificate) Taking:
1: How many type of NOC?
Ans: 1-Information NOC, 2-Design NOC, 3-Trial trenches NOC, 4-Construction NOC.
Types according to Submission: 1-Digital NOC, 2-Manual NOC.
2: What are documents required for NOC Submission to Department?
Ans: 1-Contract award letter, 2-Location plan, 3-Project detail drawing, 4-Method statement,
5-Programm of work, 6-Typical Utility cross section, 7-Existing electrical road crossing cross
section.
2: What documents received after approval NOC from department?
Ans: 1-NOC letter of department, 2-Subject to Condition of statement. 3-GIS (Geographical
information system) drawing in which mentioned all existing utility services detail for
contractor information.
4-EARTH WORK:
1: What is Earthwork?
Ans: Moving or process of part on the surface into a desired shape for as purpose is called
earthwork.
2: What is cleaning and grubbing?
Ans: This work consist of cleaning, grubbing and disposing, debris,vegetation,building,fence
structure, wall old pavement, abandoned pipe lines and any other obstruction which are not
designated on the drawing.
3: What is sub-grade?
Ans: Sub-grade is suitable soil which can be having CBR 20% at 95% MDD.It is final layer of
embankments.
4: How do you improve the sub-grade and why?
Ans: We can improve sub-grade by mixing some percentage of granular material so as to
achieve good CBR value.
5: What is bearing capacity?
Ans: The supporting power of soil is called its bearing capacity.
Method of finding of bearing capacity:
1-Plate bearing test, 2-Unconfined compression test, 3-Standard penetration test.
6: Why is it necessary to protect the sub-grade from being damage?
Ans: We have to protect sub-grade from damaged to make it easy and avoid contamination
for the next pavement course either sub-base or wet-mix.
8: How do we measure the degree of compaction of Earthwork?
Ans: It is measured by field density test method.
Sand cone T-191 ASHTO
Volume of hole=Weight of sand in the hole*density of the sand
Density of the hole material=weight of dry material of the hole÷Volume of hole
9: What is the specified test required for the selection of earthwork material?
Ans: 1-CBR test, 2-Soil classification test, 3-Gradation test, 4-Plastic and liquid limit test.
5-Plasticity index PI.
10: Define the Liquid limit and Plasticity index (PI), Sand equivalent, Moisture, Optimum
Moisture content?
Ans: Liquid limit: The moisture content at which the soil passes from plastic limit to liquid limit
is called liquid limit.
Plasticity index: Plasticity index is the numerical difference of LL and P.L i.e. (PI=LL-PL) It
should be max: 6%.
Moisture: The amount of water present in the material is called moisture.
Optimum moisture content: The amount of water at which soil is compacted to maximum
(higher) dry density is called Optimum moisture content.
Sand equivalent: The determination of silt, clay and fine in the material is called sand
equitant.
11: If cracks appear on the compacted sub grade what are the reasons?
Ans: 1-Excessive moisture or dryness, 2-Excessive cohesion less material, 3-Underneath
segregation.
12: What is the function of shoulder for Asphalt Pavement?
Ans: 1-To improve road safety by providing better visibility and convenient hard standing for
temporarily disabled vehicle.

2-To give extra width to the carriageway for emergency use.
3-To provide lateral support to the pavement layers.
4-To shed the surface water from the road.
13: What is the formation preparation surface tolerance?
Ans: Formation tolerance: +25mm and -25mm.
14: How you will approve a material for sub grade?
Ans: If PI less than 6%, CBR and chemical test result are ok.
15: What is Proctor test?
Ans: Proctor test are used to determine the maximum dry density for traffic road respectively.
15: What is Toe point formula?
Ans: Toe point: height *slope + Road top width.
16: What is side slope of Embankment shoulder?
Ans: Normally Fill slope =1:6, Cut Slope =1:10
5-Tests:
1: What is Initial laboratory test for assessment of suitability of proposed material?
Ans: 1-CBR 2-MDD (Proctor Test), 2-Optimum moisture content, 4-Test for sulphate and
chloride content, 5-Liquid Limit, 6-Plasticity Index, 7-Plastic Limit, 8-Sand Equivalent.
2: What is Institute test?
Ans: Institute test to confirm the required degree of compaction, density and moisture
content.
3: What is formula to calculate Optimum moisture content?
Ans: Moisture content m=W-Wd/Wd
W=Weight of wet soil.
Wd=Weight of dry soil.
4: What is formula to calculate Dry Density?
Ans: Dry density of soil MDD=Wd/V
WD=Weight of dry soil.
V=Total volume of dry soil
5: What is formula to calculate Wet Density?
Ans: Wet density of soil WD=Wd/Vs
Wd=Weight of dry soil.
Vs=Total solid volume of soil
7: What is CBR and write the formula of calculation of CBR?
Ans: CBR is California bearing ratio to check the bearing capacity of the soil (i.e. the
shearing resistance of a soil. Originally developed by the California Division of Highways in
the 1930’s, this the CBR Test has been developed and adapted to form the basis of most
testing for sub grade quality and

Why would I need to do a CBR test?
If you have excavated virgin land that you wish to construct

on, and have found clay or sand and want to know if it’s
strong enough to bear weight, a sample can be taken and
used in a CBR test.
What is the process for this the CBR Test?

A sample of the material that needs testing is loaded into our mould, either on site or in our
laboratory. Then a 3sq inch (approx. 50mm dia) plunger is loaded against the sample and
the penetration into the sample is measured at various increments.
What will we find out from a CBR Test?
The results are expressed in relative terms, as a percentage of the determined value of
3000lbf to penetrate 0.1inch (2.5mm at 13.3KN in today’s terms) in the originals tests.
How do I know what results I need from a CBR Test?
The actual requirements will be determined by the Design Engineer but typical values might
be 3-5% for clay formation or 15-30% for Type 1 sub-base.
Advantages to the CBR Test:+
The tests are relatively quick and inexpensive.
They can be performed in the laboratory or on site on undisturbed or re-compacted samples.
Results can be obtained within a day.
We can perform these tests on a self-contained basis (although the assistance of an
excavator on site is often helpful).
CBR calculation formula: The CBR is the unit load required to force the plunger into the soil a
certain depth (0.10 in) divided by the unit load required to force the plunger the same depth
into a standard sample (of crushed stone ) expressed as percentage i.e.
CBR =Corrected load value ×100
Standard load
Standard load for 0.10 inch = 70kg/cm sq = 1000 psi
Standard load for 0.20 inch =105kg/cm sq = 1500 psi
The Plate Bearing Test: The plates are loaded by hydraulic jack and settlement measured in
increments. A graph is plotted of settlement against bearing pressure.
Various national standards apply for this test including British Standard BS1377 Part 9 and
ASTM D1194, but the test can be modified to suit your specific requirements.
Procedure: In order to perform this test it is important to have sufficient kentledge to jack
against to test bearing capacity. This could be equipment you have on site such as a 360 ⁰
excavator, a mobile crane or a wagon loaded with material. Normally 24” plate is used for
test.
6: What is different tests frequency?
Ans: Frequency of test:
Layer Test Per Test
Fill MDD, OMC 12000M 2
CBR 2000M2
SUBBASE MDD, OMC 3000M 2
CBR 3000M 2
Sulphalte and chloride content 6000 M 2
Density and moisture content 1500M 2
Road base MDD, OMC 3000M 2
CBR 3000M 2
Sulphalte and chloride content 6000 M 2
Density and moisture content 1500M 2
Backfilling of structures MDD, OMC 5M3 of backfill
Density and moisture content 3 tests per layer
6-Electrical work:
1-What is different type of cable?
Ans: .4kv, 6.6kv, 11kv 3c*240mm and 3c*300mm no FOC cable, 33kv 3c *240mm and
3c*300mm FOC cable available, 132kv 3c*400mm FOC available, 400kv.
Type of new cables according to drawing:
1-W1 Cable: 3c*240mm sq.Cu.XLPE, 2-W Cable: 3c*240mm sq.Al.XLPE
3-Z1Cable: 3c*300mm sq.Cu.XLPE
Type of old cable:
1-X1 Cable: 3c*185mm sq.Al.XLPE, 2-Y1 Cable: 3c*300mm sq.Al.XLPE
3-Z Cable: 3c*300mm sq.Cu.PILC
LV Cable size: 4C*300, 185, 120, 95, 50,25mm.
2-For Cables existing under the road what, will you decide for that?
Ans: If cable cross the road then lowered and protected. If cable parallel under the proposed
road then relocation to be required.
3: There are cables under internal roads, but there is no corridor available, your action?
Ans: Concern Authority decision to be required.
4: How will you solve the problem of ED cable corridor occupied by other service?
Ans: Concern Authority decision to be required.
Substation and substation to catch point.
5: What is minimum vertical clearance for over head line?
Ans: 15m from FRL.
6-What is NDRC and Write method statement?
Ans: NDRC mean Non Disturbance Road Crossing.

Type of boring: 1-Thrust boring, 2-Drilling.
Method statement of NDRC:
1-NOC for trial trenches.
2-Trial trenches.
3-NDRC profile preparation including shown all existing services detail.
4-Drilling NOC application and tacking.
5-Excavation of entrance pit and exit pit size: 1.5*1.5.
6-Fixing of drilling machine.
7-Checking of all existing services with the allocator.
8-Start and complete drilling.
9-Use bentonyte for drilling hole area to prevent settlement.
10-Pull 150 mm dia upvc ducts under the road portion after drilling.
Electrical cable drawing:1-Cable layout plan, 2-Ring diagram.
Ring diagram: It is a diagram which shown all electrical cable laying detail from substation to
Size of 132 kV troughs: 5*2*.50m
TLMD: Transmission Lines Maintenance Department.
Cable testing: Meger testing.
Cable joint: 1-Intermediate joint, 2-Shut down joint.
XLPE: Cross linking polythene electric.
PILC: Paper insulation cable.
7-Water supply:
1-What is the Pipe?
Ans: Pipe is round bar with nominal bore, wall thickness and outside dia.
2-How Many Kinds of Pipe?
Ans: Normally two kind of Pipe. A-Flexible Pipe-Non-Flexible Pipe
3-How many types of Flanges?
Ans: Six types of flanges: 1-Weld neck (W/N) flange, 2-Slip-on (S/O) flange, 3-Screwed
flange, 4-Blind flange, 5-Socket weld (S/W) flange, 6-Lap-Joint flange
4-What Types of the Pipe by Ferrous Materials?
Ans: 1-Carbon steel (low / high), 2-Mild steel, 3-Stainless steel, 4-Alloy steel, 5-Copper pipe
6-Brass pipe, 7-Galvanization pipe
5-Gaskets Used in Pipe Works?
Ans: 1-Rubber gasket use to fresh and sea water line and compressed air line
2-Compressed asbestos, 3-Cork, 4-Metallic, 5-Teflon, 6-Asbestos, 7-Abonite
6-Why Use of Gasket?
Ans: Placed between flange joints to make it leak free.
7-Why Use of Valve?
Ans: 1- To divert flow, 2-Regulate / Control flows / Safe flows.
8-How can you tell the Deference between a Cast Iron Pipe and a Carbon Steel Pipe?
Ans: Cast iron is the no flexible and carbon steel is the flexible.
9-Which Equipment would you use to Cut Cast Iron Pipe?
Ans: 1-Hacksaw, 2-Grinding machine, 3-Plasma cutting equipment, 4-Mechanical pipe cutter
10-What is the Function of Valve?
Ans: 1-Stop the flow, 2-Control the flow, 3-Radius / Demines.
11-What Types of Gasket Material Would use of a Flange Connection?
Ans: Sea water line---Rubber gasket
Steam Line--- (I) Asbestos gasket, (ii) Metal ring gasket
12-What are tools for water pipe line?
Ans: Measuring Tap, Hammer, Marking Chock, Center Punch, Try Square, Right Angle,
Divider, Inside / Outside Calipers,Hacksaw,Spark gun, Gas Cutting Set, Grinding
Machine,File,Chisel,Sprite Level, Water Level, Plan Bob, Adjustable Pipe Wrench
,Adjustable Slide Wrench, Adjustable Pipe Cutter, Adjustable Decks, Fixed Decks, Thread
Tape, Combination Spanner, Dull spanner ,Box Wrench, Ring Wrench, Vice cripe,Bench
Vice, Chain Block, Lever Block, Hydraulic Jack, Mechanical Jack, Lifting Wire,Sharp,Scriber
13-What is Non Metal Pipe?
Ans: 1-Rubber Hose Pipe, 2-Plastic Pipe, 3-Fiver Pipe, 4-R.C.C Pipe
14-How Many Kinds of Gasket / Peking
Ans: Metal:1-Steel Ring Gasket,2-Cupper Gasket,3-Brass Gasket,4-Aluminum Gasket,5-
Spiral won Gasket
Non-Metal:1-Asbestos Gasket, 2-Rubber Gasket, 3-Plastic Gasket, 4-Fiver Gasket, 5-
Abonite Gasket
15-How Many Kinds of Cutting?
Ans: 1-Mechanical Cutting, 2-Thermal Cutting, 3-Plasma Cutting
16-How Many Kinds of Pipe Joints?
Ans: 1-Welding, 2-Flange, 3-Thread, 4-Coupling
17-How Many Kinds of Coupling?
Ans: 1-Dressage Coupling, 2-Shicago Coupling, 3-Union Coupling, 4-Safety Coupling.
18-How Many Kinds of Primary Tools use for Pipe Fitting?
Ans: Measuring Tape, Marking Chock, Hammer, Hacksaw, Try Square, Gas Cutting Set,
Chisel, Grinding Machine, File, Sprite Level, Plum Bob, Try Square, Adjustable Pipe Wrench,
and Welding Machine with set.
19-How Many Kinds of Bolt?
Ans: 1-Stout Blot, 2-Hacksawgonalt Bolt
20-How Many Kinds of Process you can be joints pipes?
Ans: 1-Welding Joint, 2-Soldering Joint, 3-Coupling Joint, 4-Socket Joint, 5-Flange Joint,
6-Repeat Joint, 7-Glue Joint, 7-Manufacturer Joint (Iron, Sent, National)
21- How Many Kinds of material (DEWA)?
Ans: Pipe 1'' Polythene Tube, Connector 1'', Equal Tee 1'', Adaptor, Gate Valve, Nozzle,
Washer, Ferrule, Meter 1'', Warning Tape, Warning Sign, Teflon Tape, Connector ¾''
Umbrella, Water Pump, Craw Bar, Paper Stand, Ferrule Key, Brush.
21-How Many Kinds of tools for water pipe line?
Ans: Hammer, Spanner, Key for Gate Valve, Torch Light, Screw Driver, Spanner, Chisel,
Extractor, Sharpeners, Washer, Hacksaw Frame, and Wooden saw, Ellanki, Key, Tube Cutter
22-What is Ferrule to Adaptor?
Ans: From Main Line Connection up-to Meter (etc. new connection), Ferrule like this valve, it
is fixed from Main line for branch connection only for 1" Polythene pipe purpose use.
22-What is different legend of water pipe line?
Ans:GIS=Geographical information system,AC Pipe=Asbestos Cement Pipe,GRE=Glass
reinforced epoxy,GRP=Glass reinforced plastic,PVC=Poly Vinyl Chloride,G.I.= Galvanization
Iron,M.S=Mild Steels’=Stainless Steel,H.P.= High Pressure Pipe,C.P.= Cooper Pipe,C.I=Cast
Iron,L.D.P.E=Low Density Polythene Pipe
23-What do you check in water line shop drawing?
Ans: In water line shop drawing we should check line and level, pipe, valve chambered as
per contract drawing.
24- For waterline under road what will be your action?
Ans: If water line crossing the road then protection to be done. If water line parallel under the
proposed road then relocation to be required
25- What is allowable cover for waterline?
Ans: 1.2 m from FRL.
26- For relocation, how the line should be connected in curve / angle?
Ans: In curve/angle bend, tee, elbow should be installed as per requirement.
27- How many type of water line.
Ans: 1-Transmission lines (main line), 2-Distribution line.
28- What is water line protection in carriageway?
Ans: 1-By concrete encasement, 2-By Protection slab, 3-By steel sleeve (for main line).
29: What is different type of manhole and chamber for water supply?
Ans: 1-Construction middle chamber: Cover size: 900 *600mm, Chamber size: 1.5*1m
2-Upgrade middle chamber: Cover size: 1100*600mm, Chamber size: 2.1*1.4
3-Ferrul middle chamber: Chamber size: 600*450mm.
30- What is different type of pipes?
Ans: Types of pipe: 1-AC pipe (Asbestos Cement pipe),2-HDPE pipe,3-GRP pipe (Glass
reinforced plastic pipe),4-PVC(Polyvinyle chloride pipe),5-UPVC (Unipolyvinyle chloride pipe,
6-PP (Polypropylene) pipe, 7-CI (Cast iron) pipe, DI (Ductile iron) pipe, LDPE (Low density
polyethylene pipe) Pipe.
30- Explain about AC pipes?
Ans: Fitting: Checked pipe, collars, rubber, ring, valves, fitting, adapter, bend, gas kit, cross,
analyzer, end cap, reducer, and tee.

AC Pipe dia:75mm,80mm,100mm,150mm,225mm,300mm,500mm,600mm,700mm,
900mm, 1200mm.
AC Pipe length: 3 m length up to 225mm dia and 5 m length for large size.
AC pipe required class 18
Pressure: 9 bar
Tolerance: 3mm in level, 12mm center line between MH.
If pipe level below water table filter fabric membrane geo textile to be required.
Manhole type: MH frame shall be square with circular clear opening 600mm dia and be
single sealed.
Thrust block should be constructed: All bend, slope greater than 1/6 and stop end, tees.
Tests: 1-Pressure test: Allowable loss for 4 hours: Pipe dia in mm*Pipe length in mm*.000005
Test pressure shall be 1.5 times the maximum working pressure of 9 bars.
Bacteria test, Chlorination test.
Cleaning swab shall be used after cleaning the pipe.
31- Explain about HDPE Pipes?
Ans:Size:75mm,90mm,110mm,150mm,125mm,140mm,160mm,180mm,200mm,225mm,250
mm,280mm,315mm,355mm,400mm.
32- Explain about GRP Pipes?
Ans: Length: 10 to 12 m, Tolerance: 25mm
33- Explain about Polyethylene pipes?
Ans: It is (MDPE) median density polyethylene pipe, working pressure is 9 to 12 bar.
34- What is different type of Valve?
Ans: 1-Controll Valve, 2-Non return valve, 3-System valve.
Types of Valve: Air valve, gate valve, butterfly valve, stop valve, lockable ball valve, Non
return valve, resilient seated butterfly valve, pressure sustaining and reducing valve, sluice
valve, wash out valve, Pressure relief valve, flow meter. Sluice valve, Butterfly valve.
Gate Valve: It is shall be female end for gate valve fixing the spindle shall be fitted with a
hand wheel. It shall be used for pipe line size up to 300mm dia.
Stop Valve: The spindle shall be fitted with a brass crutch head.
Lockable ball Valve: The service water meter where installed in wall mounted GRP meter
shall be isolated by a lockable valve.
None Return Valve: It shall be suitable for horizontal and vertical upward flow installation.
Water meter1/2 inch to 2 inch:
Resilient Seated Butterfly Valve: This valve is used above 350 to 1000 mm dia pipe line.
Air Release Valve: It is used for discharge air during charging of pipe and admits air during
emptying.
35- What is different type of joints?
Ans: Flange adapter joint, Welding joint for HDPE, Flexible joint for GRP, Bell and spigot
joint, Rigid joint, Reinforced overlay joint, Male Female joint. Lap joint, Butt and weld joint.
36- What is different type of pipe tests?
Ans: 1- Pressure test, 2-Air test for SWD, 3- Bacteria test, 4-Chlorine test, 5- Mandrel test, 6-
Gas pipe test, 7- Deflection test.
37- What is different type of water meter?
Ans: 1-Flow meter, 2-Pressure meter, 3-Water quality meter.
38- What is Ferrule?
Ans: It is a screw down valve type allowing for the shut off of the flow.
39- What is Service connection?
Ans: Tee, Connectors, Adaptor, Elbow, Coupling,
1M Cubic=220 Gallon
1 Bar =10m
1Gallon=4.5ltr
8-Etisalat:
1: What is different type of Etisalat manhole?
Ans: JRC-4 size=1.215*.76*.92m, JRC-11, JRC-12 size=1.73*1.245*.945m
JRC-14 size=2.585*1.285*1.115m, MRT-7 size=2.78*2.45*2.23m, MRT-8B size:
3.32*2.70*2.12m, MRT-8C size: 3.32*2.70*2.42m, MRT-9 size: 2.23*1.85*1.97m
MR-2B, MR-2C,MR-2D, MR-2E size: 2.95*1.15*2.27m, MR-4 size: 2.23*1.08*1.97m
MR-11 size: 3.95*1*2.12m
2: Write name and size of Etisalat maximum big manhole?
Ans: MRT-8C, size=3.32*2.7*2.42m
3: How many maximum no of ducts entered in Etisalat manhole?
Ans: 22 ways.
9-Storm Water Drainage:
1-SWD Pipe size:
160mm,200mm,250mm,315mm,400mm,600mm,700mm,900mm,1000mm,1100mm,1200mm
2-SWD Pipe Type: UPVC, GRP.
3-SWD Manhole Type: G, H, I, J, K, L
4-SWD Manhole size:1200mm,1500mm,1800mm,2100mm,2400mm.
5-SWD Manhole depth: 1100mm to 9000mm.
6-SWD Cover and frame size: 600mm dia.
7-Wall thickness: 225mm to 350mm.
8-Base slab thickness: 250 TO 400mm.
9-Top slab thickness: 250mm.
10- What is different type of SWD manholes explain?
Ans: SWD Manhole Type: G, H, I, J, K, L
MH type G: Manhole dia: 1200mm, Wall Thickness: 225mm, Pipe dia: 250mm, Depth: 1100
to 2600mm
MH type H: Manhole dia: 1500mm, Wall Thickness: 250mm, Pipe dia: 200mm TO 600 mm,
Depth: 2600 to 3500mm.
MH type I: Manhole dia: 1500mm, wall Thickness: 300mm, Pipe dia: 200 to 600mm, Depth:
3500 to 5400mm.
MH typeJ: Manhole dia: 1800mm, wall Thickness: 350mm, Pipe dia: 700 to 900mm, Depth:
3800 to 7700mm.
MH type K: Manhole dia: 2100mm, wall Thickness: 350mm, Pipe dia: 1000 to 1100mm,
Depth: 9000mm
MH type L: Manhole dia: 2400mm, wall Thickness: 350mm, Pipe dia: more than1200mm,
Depth: 9000mm
11- Write the construction steps of Storm Water Drainage manholes?
Ans:1:Excavation,2:Bed preparation,3-Blinding:75mm,4:Waterproofing on blinding surface,
5- Screed: 25mm,6-Base slab,7-Lower shaft Wall,8-Reducing slab,9-Upper shaft wall,
10-Top Slab,11-Precast concrete extension ring,12- Cover and frame fixing size=600mm
dia,13-Benching $Channel,14:3 coat of epoxy paint protection to all internal concrete
surface,15-Flexible joint,16-Grit bonding to pipe embedding concrete,17-Water proofing
tanking membrane and protection board,18-Stainless steel safety chain19-Steel
reinforcement to be grade 460,20-Steel reinforcement to be epoxy
12-Benching: This is a concrete which used inside the manhole for channel with thickness
75mm.
13-Cradle: Wooden frame which is used for GRP pipe in stock pile.
14-Trench width: W=1.5D+500
Extra trench width required if sheeting is used
Pipe top level called =Pipe crown
Steel reinforcement shall be grade 460 (BS 4449)
10-Sewerage:
1- Sewerage Pipe size:
200mm,250mm,315mm,400mm,600mm,700mm,900mm,1000mm,1100mm,1200mm
2-Pipe Type: GRP.
3-Manhole Type: A,B,C,D,E,F
4-Manhole size:1200mm,1500mm,1800mm,2100mm,2400mm.
5-Manhole depth: 1400mm to 9000mm.
6-Cover and frame size: 600 *600mm double triangular.
7-Base slab thickness: 225 TO 400mm.
8-Top slab thickness: 250mm.
9- What is different type of Sewerage manholes?
Ans: Type: A, B, C, D, E, F
MH type A: Manhole dia: 1200mm, wall Thickness: 225mm, Pipe dia: 200MM, Depth: 1400
to 2600mm.
MH type B: Manhole dia: 1500mm, Wall Thickness: 250mm, Pipe dia: 200 to 600mm, Depth:
2600 to 3500mm
MH type C: Manhole dia: 1500mm, Wall Thickness: 300mm, Pipe dia: 200 to 600mm, Depth:
3500 to 5400mm
MH type D: Manhole dia: 1800mm, Wall Thickness: 350mm, Pipe dia: 700 to 900mm, Depth:
3800 to 7700mm.
MH type E: Manhole dia: 2100mm, Wall Thickness: 350mm, Pipe dia: 1000 to 1100mm,
Depth: 4000 to 9000mm
MH type F: Manhole dia: 2400mm, Wall Thickness: 350mm, Pipe dia: More than 1200mm,
Depth: 4000 to 9000mm.
10- Write the construction steps of Sewerage manhole?
Ans: 1:Excavation,2:Bed preparation,3-Blinding: 75mm, 4- Water proofing tanking
membrane, 5-Screed: 25mm,6-Base slab, 7-GRP Liner fixing for lower shaft thickness
6.5mm,8-Wall concrete for lower shaft,9-Reducer Slab,10- GRP liner fixing for upper shaft,
11-Wall concrete for upper shaft.12- Precast concrete extension ring,13-Top slab concrete
14- Manhole Cover and frame: 600*600 doubles triangular ,15- Benching $ Channel
75mm,16 -GRP Lamination on benching surface,17- GRP upper shaft lamination
18-Steel reinforcement to be grade 460,19-Steel reinforcement to be epoxy coated,20-
Flexible joint,21-Grit bonding to pipe embedding concrete,22-Water proofing tanking
membrane and protection board,23-Water tanking membrane, 24-Stainless steel safety
chain,25- Backdrop connection if required.
11-Concrete:
1: What is concrete?
Ans: It is mixture of sand, crush aggregate, Cement and water with different type of ratio.
Clause of concrete: 45/20, 40/20, 30/20, 20/20.
45 is compressive strength and 20 is the max size of aggregate.
2: What is concrete mix design?
Ans: Design is blended of course/fine aggregate, water, cement and admixture. To achieve
the required specify limit strength of concrete.
3: What are the constitute of concrete and what part each play in the quality in the concrete.
Ans: Constitute of concrete are sand, aggregate, cement and water, sand and aggregate are
play important rule in concrete.
4: What is curing of concrete and why it is necessity?
Ans: To prevent loss of moisture from concrete .We need curing of concrete to keep the
moisture in concrete for the hydration of cement to strength the concrete.
Curing Method: 1.Water curing method, 2-Membrane curing method, 3-Steam curing
method.
5: Why do you compact concrete what are the different way of doing it.
Ans: For proper placing and density, to avoid any defect like honeycombing, air holes etc,
compaction is carried out by vibrator by mechanical or electromechanically poker viberator.

Slump test: which determines the consistency (strength) of freshly, mix concrete?
6: What are the main factors affecting the mix design?
Ans: 1-Workability, 2-Durability, 3-Economy.
7: How do you test quality of concrete and what are the effects of temperature on concrete?
Ans: Compressive strength test is an important test to check quality of concrete.
Effect of temperature on concrete: The rate at which chemical reaction and hydration of
cement take place is influenced by temperature. Within the limit the reaction takes place
more quickly as the temperature is raised.
8: Write the different classes of concrete and their strength used on your most recent
project?
Ans: A=250kg/cm sq, B=190kg/cm sq, C=130kg/cm sq,
9: What is the purpose of doing of slump test?
Ans: To measure the consistency (strength) of cement concrete mix.
10: Give reason of cracks in concrete?
Ans: Bleeding, Steel mesh on surface, excess heating.
11: What is different test in aggregate?
Ans: A. Course Aggregate:
1.Grading,2-Content of clay lumps,3-Soft fragments,4-Sodium or Magnesium sulphate
soundness,5-Los Angeles Abrasion,6-Aggregate crushing value,7-Impact value,8-Flakiness
and Elongation index,9-Chloride and sulphate content.
B.Fine Aggregate:
1-Grading, 2-Content of clay lumps, 3-Content of organic impurities, 4-Sodium or Magnesium
Sulphalte soundness.
12: What is fineness modulus and how to determine it?
Ans:It is a numerical number ,which outlines the grain size of material by fineness point of
view, It is determined through sieve analysis by adding total percentage retained material on
sieve size and dividing the sum by 100.
13: What is the flakiness index?
Ans: It is the percentage by weight of aggregate particles whose least dimension thickness is
less than .6 of their mean dimension. This is applicable to size larger than 6.3mm.
14: What is the Elongation index?
Ans: It is the percentage by weight of particles whose greatest dimension or length is greater
than the 1 and 4/5 or 1.8 times then their mean dimension. The elongation index applicable
for size smaller than 6.3mm.
15: What is Aggregate crushing value?
Ans:The strength of course aggregate may be assessed by aggregate crushing test .The
aggregate crushing value provide a relative measure of resistance to crushing under
gradually applied compressive load .To achieve a high quality pavement aggregate
possession high resistance to crushing or low aggregate crushing value are performed.
16: What is workability?
Ans: The consistence of concrete mix must be such that the concrete can be transported,
placed and finished sufficiently easily and without.
17: Explain briefly about the trial mix of concrete to determine the concrete mix design?
Ans: Preliminary laboratory test trial shall be carried out to determine the job mix design to
satisfy the specification with approved material. 3 trial mixes shall not less than the mean
strength. Trial mixed shall be tested to determine the following properties of mix.
1. Bleeding (None vibrating) not exceed 0.5%, 2. Drying shrinkage, 3. Air content, 4. Water,
Cement ratio, 5. Workability, 6. Fresh and hardened concrete densities, 7. Compressive
strength, 8. Water permeability max 10mm for 28 days and max 15mm for 7 days, 9.
Chloride permeability, 10. Initial setting $ Hardening time
11. The variables which can be controlled area.
a-Water cement ratio b-Maximum aggregate size c-Aggregate grading d-Aggregate/Cement
ratio e-Use of admixtures.
18: Write down concrete workability test?
Ans: 1-Slump test/Consistency of concrete, 2-Flow test, 3-V.B test, 4-Compaction factor
19: What is the general range of W/C ratio for the concrete?
Ans: 0.425 -.650
20: What are the tolerances in the different concrete structures?
Ans: For all buried concrete = +25mm - 12mm,
For soffit edge beam and sides of parapet plinth =3mm
For all other concrete=6mm
21: What is the range of temperature of water for concrete?
Ans: Min.5 degree centigrade Max.25 degree centigrade
22: General criteria for size of aggregate for concrete.
Ans: Not less than 1/5 of the cover and not larger than the ¾ of the max spacing.
23: What will defects coming in concrete after pouring?
Ans: 1-Shrinkage cracks on top surface, 2-Honey combing, 3-Seggregation, 4-Bulging.
24: What is curing and purpose?
Ans: To prevent to escape of mixing water required for hydration process and helps in
development of strength.
Purpose: 1-To prevent cracks, 2-To increase strength.
25: What is different type of concrete curing?
Ans: 1-Water curing, 2-Steam curing, 3-Curing compound
Temperature: Concrete temperature max 32C
Ambient/Air temperature max 40C
Water temperature max 25 C and min 5 C
PH value of water 7-9
26: What is the function of admixture or retarder?

Ans: To delay the setting time of concrete and increase concrete strength.
27: What is the final and initial setting time of concrete?
Ans: Min 45 minutes, Max48 hours
28: What is the type of admixture used in concrete?
Ans: 1-Pasty Seizer,2- Retarder,3-Accelerator,4-Pasty Seizer with retarding agent,5-Pasty
seizer with accelerating agent,6-Super pasty seizer,7-Super pasty seizer with retarding agent
29: What is function of retarder admixture in concrete mix?
Ans: 1-To delay the setting time of concrete about 1- 4 hours over normal setting time and
reduce the mixing water by about 3-9 Kg/M cube and increase the compressive strength by
about 10-15 %.
2-To reduce the setting time 1-4 hours.
3-To increase the strength 10-15 %.
4-To decrease the mix water 3-9 during Kb/m cubic.
30: How you will check a good quality of aggregate?
Ans: Sp Gravity, ACV aggregate crushing value Soundness, LAA loss angles abrasion.
31: How you will design a concrete mix?
Ans: Complete workout for quality test of aggregate both course and fine, lab trail, site trial
and evaluation of job mix formula.
32: Plasticizes admixture
Ans: There are used to improve the concrete workability (increase the slump without
increasing the water cement ratio.
33: Water proofing admixture.
Ans: These admixtures play an important part in reducing the concrete permeability and thus
increasing its density and directly increase the quality of concrete against leakage as for
water tank concrete.
34: Retarder admixtures.
Ans: This type is admixture is mainly used to increase the time of initial setting of the cement
in concrete.
35: Write down 5 types of cement used in concrete.
Ans: Cement type 1: OPC used for superstructure.
Cement type 2: This cement is Portland low heat cement as defined by BS.This type of
cement if mainly suitable for concrete increase where chloride ans sulphalte us existing and
also used in massive concrete where heat is exerted due to chemical action.
Cement type 3: It is defined by Rapid hardening Portland cement .It is used for cold weather
structure.
Cement type 4: It is equivalent to Rapid setting Portland cement and it is used for structure
under water.
Cement type 5: It is define by Sulphate resistanting cement. It is mainly used for structures s
Slump test: For workability

Cube test: For compressive strength.
Proctor test: For MDD/OMC
Core test: Compressive strength.
W/C Ratio: Water diluted by the cement used in design per meter cubic.
Integrity test: To check the physical dimension continuity, cracks, buldging, and consistency,
of material used in the pile concrete.
36: Define test of the durability of the concrete?
37: Concrete mix design given the cement =380, Water cement ratio=0.42, Combine
aggregate moisture=1.2%, Specific gravity density of combine aggregate=2.75?
38: What is creep and humidity effect on concrete?
39: What is the limit of speedy moisture?
40: What is the effect of water cement ratio on the concrete?
41: Please make a mix design of concrete from following data-Cement=370kg, W/C
ration=0.45, 3/8 inch aggregate=30%, Sand=50%.
42: What is the density of the mix?
43: What is the rule of water cement ratio?
44: Definition of Density.
45: Definition of Specific gravity.
12-SUBBASE:
1: What is sub-base?
Ans: Sub-base shall consist of crushed mineral aggregate of the gradation and thickness
specified as per project specification generally CBR should be 65 to 80 at 100% MDD.
 Plasticity index in the range of 4 to 6.
 Sand equivalent shall be not less than 35.
 CBR should be 40 % minimum.
 Compaction 95 % minimum.
 Aggregate size 63mm down.
 Placing of Sub base layer not exceed 200mm.
 Tolerance of sub base +10mm and -20mm.
13-Road Base:
1: What is Road-base?
Ans: Aggregate road base shall be consisting of uniform mixture of gravel with sand, silt and
clay conforming to the specified gradation limits.
 Road base mix at site and lay by grader.
 Aggregate size should be 50mm down.
 CBR 80 % min@ 98 % Compaction min.
 Tolerance of road base +10mm and -10mm.
Physical properties test not exceed the following test values:

Liquid limit : 25% Water absorption : 2%
Linear shrinkage : 3% Aggregate crushing value : 25%
Plasticity index : 6% Flakiness index : 35%
Stone size : 50mm Elongation index : 35%
Sand equivalent not less than: 45 Soundness : 12%
Test standard:
 Testing of sub base and road base shall be carried out in accordance with BS 812 and
BS 1377.
 Laboratory MDD test shall be carried in accordance with BS 1377.
 Liquid limit shall be determined in accordance with part 2 of BS 1377.
 Field density shall be determined in accordance with part 9 if BS 1377.
 The acid soluble chloride in the sub base and road base shall not exceed than 3.5% and .
8% by weight respectively.
 The acid soluble sulphate in the sub base and road base shall not exceed than 2.0%
and .5% by weight respectively.
14-Wet mix macadam:
1: What is Road-base?
Ans: Wet mix road base shall be crushed rock or crushed gravel material.
1. Wet mix mixed by plant and lay by paver.
2. Aggregate size should be 50mm and down.
3. CBR should be 80% min.
4. Compaction 100 % min.
5. Normal grading 70% aggregate and 30% sand.
6. Moisture content 4.5% to 6.5%.
7. Layer thickness not exceeds 150mm.
8. Tolerance of wet mix +10mm and -10mm.
Physical properties test same above mentioned Wet mix macadam test.
15-Prime Coat: Bitumen Kerosene oil:

1: What is medium curing prime coat i.e. MC-0MC-1, MC-2.
Ans: Prime coat is low viscosity liquid bitumen material usually medium curing cutback
asphalt.
 Prime coat shall be medium curing cut back asphalt grade MC-70.
 Prime coat is spray over road base or wet mix to seal the moisture content and
penetration.
 The rate of application should be between .7 to lit/m sq to 1.5 lit/m sq.
 Curing time should be 48 hrs.
 Temperature 60 degree to 80 degree.

 There are three types for prime coat
MC-0 means medium zero viscosity.
MC-1 means medium curing on viscosity.
MC-2 means medium curing two viscosities.
1-MC-70 Medium curing -----Used kerosene oil.
2-SC -Slow curing -------- Oil of low vitality.
3-RC -Rapid curing ---------Gasoline.
2: Why is it necessity the prime coat must be fully dry.
Ans: Because it is applied to water-bound absorbent surface. If prime coat is too wet then it
cannot be absorbed properly.
3: What is prime coat/Tack coat quantity formula?
Ans: Prime coat=Weight of prime coat ÷Area of board= Kg/m sq
16-Tack Coat:
 1: What is medium curing prime coat i.e. MC-0MC-1, MC-2.
Ans: Emulsified Asphalt (Diluted with an equal quantity of water 1:1) is called tack coat.
 Temperature- 10 degree to 60 degree
 Rate of application =0.30- 0.60 L/M sq
 Curing time should be 2 hrs.
 Temperature 10 degree to 60 degree.
 Ambient temperature not less than 13 degree centigrade for both.
2: Why do we need tack coat or prime coat and what is difference among that.
Ans: Before laying any asphalt material the existing surface should be clean and dry, any
loose material on exiting surface can affect the compaction and bonding or asphalt layer on
moisture on existing surface can cause crack in asphalt layer.
3: Why should you cut the joint straight/clean /apply tack coat.
Ans: To obtain proper bonding with new asphalt to get neat joint.
17-ASPHALT WORK:
1: What do you understand by Bitumen mix or Asphalt concrete?
Ans: Asphalt is use in the surface layer of road. The mix is composed usually of aggregate
and asphalt cement. Some type of bituminous mixes is also used in base course.
The design of asphalt paving mix as with the design of other engineering material is largely a
matter of selecting and proportioning constitute material to obtain the desired properties in
the finished pavement structures.
2: What do you understand by Dense bitumen macadam/Asphalt concrete?
Ans: Dense bitumen macadam is mixture of bitumen and course mineral aggregate.
Asphalt concrete is mixture of bitumen and well graded, high quality mineral aggregate laid
and compact while hot.
3: What are the different types of pavements?
Ans: There are two main types of pavement in road structure, flexible and rigid pavement.
4: What are the different types of asphalt?
Ans: There are four main types of asphalt: 1- Hot mix asphalt concrete, 2- Warm
mix asphalt concrete, 3-Cut-back asphalt concrete, 4-Mastic asphalt concrete.
5: What are the grades in asphalt?
Ans: 40/50, 60/70.
6: What is mean by traffic analysis?
Ans: To determine present and future traffic volumes for pavement design purpose.
7: How the total thickness of asphalt pavement is determine.
Ans: By Engineering design procedure, factors considered in the procedure are:
1-Traffic to be serve over the design surface life (i.e. the cumulative number of 80 KN
standard Axles.
2-The strength of the prepared sub grade (i.e. CBR.value).
8: What is JMF?
Ans: Job mix formula is combination of bitumen and blended aggregate with all specific
requirements like voids, stability (strength), flow, density (compaction) for testing.
9: What is the job mix Design of Asphalt?
Ans: Designing Asphalt paving mix is largely a matter of selecting and proportioning material
to adequate obtains the desired qualities and properties in the asphalt finished construction.
The overall object is to determine an economical blend gradation of aggregates (within the
specification limit) and corresponding asphalt content that yield a mix having the desired
qualities as per the specification.
Brief description:
1. Preliminary lab test shall be carried out to determine the mixes to satisfy the specification
with approved material.
2. Prior to finalization the proposed job mix with bitumen content
In base course 3.2 to 4.4 (by weight of total mix)
In Binder/Wearing course 3.4 to 4.4 (by weight of total mix)
3. Shall be compacted to refusal (400-600 blows) and the resulting voids in the mix shall not
be less than 2% for asphalt concrete and 3% for D.B.M.
11: What is Marshall Mix Design for Bituminous Materials?
The selection of the asphalt binder content with a suitable density which satisfies stability
and range of flow values is called Marshall Mix Design method. The Marshall Mix Design
method was originally developed by Bruce Marshall of the Mississippi Highway Department
in 1939.
12: What are steps of Marshall Mix Design method?
Ans :( i) Determination of physical properties, size and gradation of aggregates. (ii) Selection
of types of asphalt binder. (iii) Prepare initial samples, each with different asphalt binder
content. iv) Plot the following graphs. (v) Determine the asphalt binder content. (vi)
Determine properties at this optimum asphalt binder content by reference with the graphs.
(vi) Evaluate the design with the design required.
The mix shall be tested in accordance with the following method:
1. Preparation and testing of Marshall Specimen: ASTM D1559 using 75 blows per face.
2. Aggregate greater than 25.4 mm shall be replaced with an equivalent weight of 19 to
25.4mm material.
3. Bulk specific gravity of specimens: ASTM C 1188.
4. The values for specific gravities of the aggregate to be used in calculating void shall be
taken as the mean of bulk.
5. The adhesion of bitumen to aggregate shall be proven by comparing by stability of
specimen cured in water and air for eight days at 18 degree C.
6. The course aggregate shall show no detrimental amount of stripping of bitumen when
tested in accordance with ASTM D -1664.
7. Wearing course mix shall be subjected to further marshal test at 80 degree C after oven
heating for a period 2 hours.
8. Mix with a bitumen content corresponding to the maximum allowable for the selected job
mix shall be compacted to refusal and the resulting void in mix shall be not less than 3%.
13: Write the Marshall Test?

Ans:
1. Stability.
2. Flow.
3. VIM (voids in mix).
4. VMA (voids in mineral aggregate).
5. VFB (voids filled with bitumen).
6. GMB (bulk sp gravity of marshal).
 Grading test carried out at the rate of one sample: every 200 ton produced.
 Marshall test carried out at the rate of one sample: every 400 ton produced.
 Core test carried out at the rate of one sample: every 500m sq.
Method Statement of Marshall test:
1-Asphalt sample collect from loaded truck at asphalt plant.
2- Asphalt sample temperature required: 142-147 C
3-Fill asphalt in 4 nos mould for sampling.
4-Compact filled material with hammer (weight 4.5kg) 75 blows each side.
5-Mould open after 24 hours.
6-Take sample dry weight.
7-Put sample in water for 3 minutes.
8-Take sample wet weight.
9-Take sample SSD weight (again dry with cloth).
10-Minimum density required: 2,000 kg/m3

Bulk Density: Sample wet weight –sample SSD weight/sample dry weight
Stability and Flow checking:
1-Keep sample into water bath in 60 degree C temperatures for 35 minutes.
2-Put out sample from water bath.
3-Check Stability and Flow through machine.
4-Minimum stability required: 1225N
5-Minimum Flow required: 8 TO 16.
14: What is difference in asphalt base course and wearing course?
Ans: 1-The base course in pavements is a layer of material in an asphalt roadway that is
located directly under the surface layer.
15: What asphalt bitumen content is generally applied?
Ans: 5.5% to 7%
16: How will you approved an asphalt mix design?
Ans: 1-Complete work out of aggregate quality test, 2-Percentage of course and fine
aggregate, 3-Percentage of filler and bitumen, 4-Trial in lab, 5-Trial at plant, 6-Trial at site
with standard job mix formula.
17: Define different voids ratio for JMF and their limit?
Ans: Base course Wearing Course
V.I.M (void in mix) 7-11% 6-9 %
V.M.A (voids in mineral aggregate) 14-20% 14-20 %
V.F.B (voids filled with bitumen) 47-60% 48-60 %
Minimum stability kg mm 1000 1200
Flow mm 2-4 2-4
Bitumen content % of total mix 3.3-4 3.5-4.2
18: What is the reason of segregation in asphalt?
Ans: 1.Improper cold feed, 2. improper batch mix, 3-Wrong bitumen content.4-Wrong
aggregate gradation.
19: What is the stripping (slip) of asphalt pavement explain some reason of stripping (slip).
Ans:1-Smooth/Polished surface aggregate.2-Dusty aggregate.3-Wet aggregate.4-Rooling
mixture when too cold.5-Inadequate rolling.6-Poor finisher operation.
20: Will we do compaction of asphalt more than 102% if not why?
 No Life already consumed.
 No allowance for future compaction.
 Also due to less void.
21: What is the thickness allowance for laying of asphalt before compaction?
Ans: 20% extra thickness required with compacted thickness.
22: What is the function of asphalt wearing course.
 Providing smooth riding surface with anti skid properties.
 Waterproof and sloped to shed surface water to the road side.

 To protect the course beneath it.
 Resist distortion (bend) and wear caused by heavy traffic load.
23: What are essential properties of an asphalt paving mixture?
Ans: The following desirable mix properties:
1-Stability (strength), 2-Flexibility (elasticity), 3-Durability, 4-Workability, 5-Impermeability,6-
Fatigue
24: Described briefly the method of production hot asphalt plant mix?
1. Cold aggregate storage at different cold bin.
2. Drying at hot dryer.
3. Screening over the screening unit.
4. Hot bins assembling and proportioning.
5. Pug mill mixing.
6. Hot asphalt storage.
7. Hauling to the paving site.
25: General notes of Asphalt:
 The level of acid-soluble Chloride content in the Base course and Wearing course of
pavement layer shall be not exceed .8% by weight.
 The level of acid-soluble Sulphate (SO3) content in the Base course and Wearing course
of pavement layer shall be not exceed .3% by weight.
 During bitumen and aggregate mixing shall not be heated above 150 degree C and 163
degree C.
 Compaction not more than 98% to 101.8%.
 Re-rolling shall take within 72 hours.
 If compaction not achieved as required compaction limit 20% reduction in the billed and
asphalt passed otherwise remove and replaced in contractor cost.
 Trial area minimum shall be 30m length.
 Tolerance of vertical level alignment maximum +- 6mm.
 Tolerance of thickness +5mm and – 3mm
 Laser road surface testing machine to be used for ride ability of wearing course.
 Laser road surface machine shall have an IRI (International Roughness Index) not
exceeds the 400 m inspection: 1
 The sampling and testing of bitumen macadam shall be carried out in accordance with the
requirement of BS 598.
 Core dia in base course 150mm.
 Core dia in wearing course 100mm.
 Bitumen shall be grade 60/70 penetration with properties bitumen corresponding to an
interpolation between Grade 50 and Grade 70 as defined in BS 3690.
 Asphalt temperature at plant 163 degrees centigrade
 Asphalt temperature behind behind the paver 135 degree centigrade to 163
 Asphalt breakdown temperature 120 degree centigrade to 140.
 Asphalt temperature at joint 90 degree centigrade.
 Compaction temperature 145 degree centigrade
 Tolerance of Asphalt +- 3mm.
 Asphalt should be laid 25 % more.
 PTR: Weight 20 ton to 25 ton.
 Tyre pressure: 80 lbs to 110 lbs.
 STR: Weight -12 Ton
 Paver machine: Screw, temping rod, hopper, Sensor meter, Slope meter, grade slope,
sticks and vegetable oil for PTR tire.
 Paver speed: 2.5 to 3.5 m/minute.
26: Described briefly the Distress and cause of Distress in asphalt.
Ans: Distress: Any indication of unsatisfactory performance of a pavement surface is called
distress.
Cause of distress: 1-Traffic load,2-Environment or climate influence,3-Drainage deficiencies,
4-Material quality problem,5-Construction deficiencies and external contributor,6-Such as
utility cut.
Types of distress: Cracks, distortion, disintegration, skidding hazard and surface treatment
distress.
1-Cracks: Several different types of cracks can develop in asphalt pavement. The repair
depends on the type of cracks. Some cracks are load related and some are attributable to
temperature or environment.
A-Fatigue crakes or alligator crakes: Cause due to by load related deterioration resulting
from a weakened base course or sub grade, too little pavement thickness, over loading or a
combination of these factors.
B-Block cracks: Block cracks are a serious of large, rectangular cracks on an asphalt
pavement surface. Block cracking is typical cause by shrinkage of the asphalt pavement due
to temperature cycle.
C-Edge cracks: Edge cracks are longitudinal cracks which develop within one or two feet of
the outer edge of the pavement. These cracks are formed because of a lack of support at the
pavement edge.
D-Longitudinal cracks: Longitudinal cracks occur parallel to the centerline of the pavement.
Caused by poorly constructed joint, shrinkage of asphalt layer, segregation due to improper
paver operation. These cracks are not load related.
E-Transverse cracks: Transverse cracks occur roughly perpendicular to the centerline of the
pavement. Caused by shrinkage of asphalt layer or reflection from an existing cracks. These
cracks are not load related.
F-Reflection cracks: Reflection cracks are cracks that form over joint are cracks in a concrete
pavement or in an overlay of a deteriorated asphalt pavement. These cracks formed due to

movement of old pavement.
G-Slippage cracks: Slippage cracks are crescent shaped cracked which formed because of
low strength of asphalt mix or a poor bond between pavement layers. The cracks form due to
force applied by turning or braking motion of vehicle.
2-Distortion (bend): Distortion in an asphalt pavement is caused by instability of an asphalt
mix or weakness of the base or sub grade layer. This distress may include rutting, shoving,
depression, swelling and patch failures.
Rutting: A groove or depression form on the surface on road longitudinal to the road by the
wheel of vehicle is called rut.
Rutting is a linear, surface depression in the wheel path due to heavy traffic load. Rutting is
cause by deformation or consolidation of any of the pavement layers or subgrade.It can be
cause by insufficient pavement thickness, lack of compaction and weak asphalt mixture.
Shoving (push): Shoving is a longitudinal displacement of a localized area of the pavement
surface. It is typically cause by: breaking of vehicles, excess asphalt, too much fine
aggregate, rounded aggregate, too soft asphalt or a weak granular base.
Depression: Depression is localized low spot in the pavement surface. These flaws can be
cause by settlement or other failure on the lower pavement layers or by poor construction
technique.
Upheaval (disturbance): Upheaval is a localized upward movement in a pavement due to
swelling of the sub grade. Frost heave is an example of this type of distress.
Patch Failures: When pavement are patched, some distress may begin to occur .The rate at
which a patch deteriorate is influence by compaction, material selection and the quality of the
surrounding or underlying pavement.
3-Disintegration (breakup): Disintegration is the breakup of a pavement into small pieces that
are lost with time and traffic. Raveling and potholes are the most common types of
disintegration.
Raveling: Raveling is the wearing away of the aggregate particles from the asphalt cement.
This condition indicates that the asphalt has hardened or that poor quality mixture was used.
Raveling occurs in the presence of traffic.
Potholes: Depression in a surface of road roughly circular in plan is called pot hole.
Potholes are bowl shaped holes caused by the localized disintegration of the pavement
surface. Potholes typically result from the continued deterioration of another type of
distress .Segregation, cracks or failed patches may serve as the start of the potholes. Poor
mixture and weak spots in the base or sub grade.
4-Skidding hazard: Skidding hazard are caused by 1-water on the surface on the pavement,
2-Polished aggregate,3-Excess asphalt,4-Other lubricants on the pavement surface.
Polished aggregate: Some aggregate are a smooth finish or texture under traffic. These
aggregate should not be used in wearing course. If the aggregate polishes the surface
roughness must be restored.

Bleeding: Bleeding can be cause by,1- Too much asphalt in mix,2-Excess tack coat,3-Traffic
can also over compact an unsuitable mix and force asphalt to the surface.
5-Surface treatment distress: Surface treatment can experience their own distress. These
include loss of cover aggregate and streaking(lines).
27-General definition.
Creep: The slow plastic movement of the material in a surface layer in the direction of traffic
flow is called creep.
Crazing: The breaking up of the surface layer of road through the cracking into some
irregular shape figure is called crazing.
Mapping: Irregular shaped hair cracks appeared on the road surface is called maping.
Fretting: The loosening of a wearing surface under the action of traffic or weather is called
fretting.
Abrasion (Cut): The removal of material from the surface of the road by grinding and rubbing
action due to movement of traffic is called Abrasion.
Grouting: The action by which a binder in liquid form is made to penetrate in to joint or cracks
is called grouting.
Marshall: This is a one method to design the asphalt concrete mix.
JMF: It combination of bitumen and blended aggregate.
Stability: Strength, firmness,
Stability: Maximum load develop during the test till failure 50.8mm/min is called stability.
Specific: Exact detail.
Density: mass, compactness, thickness
Bulk: size, volume
Tolerance of Wearing course: 3mm.
28: Milling machine inspection:
1-Milling machine teeth check,2-Depth or thickness to be checked.3-Asphalt grove should be
checked behind milling machine.4-Behind milling cleaning to be checked.5-Sensor thickness
to be checked.
6-After milling surface cleaning should be done with broom brush machine and air
compressor.
80: How to measure of crakes.
114: How can we repair the pavement defects?
37: What is the marshal quality in asphalt mix design?
53: How will you check readability?
75: How do you avoid in the asphalt mix design.
76: What is the meaning of asphalt stripping?
102: What will you suggest for base course and wearing course and why.
167: What are the steps for calibrating an asphalt plant?
18-Rod marking:
1: What do you understand from work road marking and why it is necessity?
Ans: The road marking are used to guide, control, warn or inform drivers. Road marking
mean thermo plastic paint on pavement surface as per approved drawing by traffic
department.
Road marking help dividing of road surface for the traffic movement.
 Road marking laying speed: 3km/hr
 Nozzle pressure of thermoplastic material: 50/25 psi
 Specific gravity of material: 2
 Road marking mixing temperature: 220 c
 Average rate of application: .50kg/m sq
 Road marking thickness: 1.5mm
2-What is the kind of road marking?
Ans: continuous or broken, hatching or messafe, Stop line ma, Continue line, Intermiten line,
Arrow marking
3-Explain components of road marking and how to apply to road marking on site.
19-Road Sign Boards:
1: What is the type of road sign board?
Ans: 1-Regulatory signboard: To indicate limit of speed and to enforce conditions (of traffic
law.
2-Warning signboard: To warn the road users of certain hazardous conditions that exists on
the adjacent to the roadway.
3-Informatory signboard :( Directional Sign) To indicate direction of routes, place and
facilities. These sign are used to guide to the road users along routes, information them of
destination and distance.
2: What are warning signs?
Ans: Such as speed limit, reduce speed.
3: How much type of roads signs are there.
Ans: Stop, Speed limit, Road closed ahead, Arrow direction. Location board sign,
4: What is diversion?
Ans: The act of diverting or turning access for a purpose is called diversion. Or A detour on a
highway or road is called diversion.
5: What is the different between diversion and betterment?
Ans: Diversion: The act of detour during road construction is called diversion or when
a road is closed and traffic is rerouted is called traffic diversion.
Betterment: The improvement of any old work is called betterment.
6: What type of signboard will be provided for diversion?
Ans: Diversion ahead, men at work, reduce speed, arrow direction, speed limit, location sign
board.
7: How many lanes should be provided for the diversion?
Ans: As per approved diversion drawing and traffic flow.
8: What will you check in diversion drawings?
Ans: I will check all diversion sign boards, safety barrier, safety cones, flashing light etc and
diversion route have been cleared as per approved diversion drawing.
9: If there are three lanes need to be closed, how can the traffic are diverted?
Ans: Large flashing direction arrows boards to installed 300 lm fare from diversion start point
and to be closed first lane again Second and third lane to be closed as per approved
diversion drawing.
20-Rip Rap:
1: What is Rip Rap and explain it?
Ans: Protection of side slope of embankment is called Rip Rap.
Purpose of Rip Rap:
Protect the surface from sliding.
Types of Rip Rap:
1-Grouted Rip Rap: Grout material is filled the gap between the stone.
2-Loose Rip Rap: Only stone fixed and no grout material to be used.
3-Reinforced Rip Rap: Steel mesh provided and concrete is applied in the panels.
Method of Rip Rap:
1-Embankment filling in layers.2-Cutting in slope as per required slope.3-Toe beam.4-
Blinding application.5-Morter application.6-Stone fixing.7-Grouting.8-Painting.
21-Reinforcement:
Q-6: What you know about reinforcement specification?
Ans: 1-Deformed high yield steel bars grade 460 type-2
2-Clear from dust, oil, grease, salt and other deleterious material.
3-Cutting and bending by heat is not permitted.
4-Binding wire steel dia 1.2 mm to be used.
5-Supports under rebar shall be spaced at not more than eighty times dia of the bar.
Steel test: Yield strength, tensile strength, bend and re-bend, chemical analysis test.
Cement setting time: 60 minutes initial and 600 minutes final.
2: What is difference between Pre-tension and post tension and brief it?
Ans: Pre-tensioning is performed before concrete.
Post tensioning is performed after concrete.
Method of Post tensioning:
1-False work (as per approved shop drawing)
2-Form work (soffit of bottom slab and outer side of external web)
3-Completion of reinforcement bottom slab and web.
4-Installation of trumpets with template as per approved shop drawing free to line and level
at stressing ends.
5-A horizontal reinforcement will be installed to bear the ducts. Place at the required
elevation and conveniently tied to the general reinforcement of the structures.
6-Installation and placing of post tension ducts as per approved shop drawing required level
at each 1 m distance.
7-The duct will be fastening with wire and additional steel. So that during the preparation and
casting concrete should not be moved.
8-Strand threading to be done as per required no, s of strand in each ducts.
9-Injection negels with injection tube to be fixed.
10-Vent pipes will be fixed at all the high point and should be water tied.
11-Casting of concrete.
12-Aftercompletion of concrete strand threading will be completed.
13-Installation of anchor plate and wedge for friction test.
14-Stressing.
15-Jacr and pressure gauge will calibrate before stressing.
16-Stressing forces will be applied by loading steps and increase it step by step until the final
tendon stressing force, elongation will be measured with each step and record.
The obtained stressing elongation shall be compare to the theoretical expected elongation.
The different between actual and theoretical shall be smaller than .5% of the theoretical
elongation.
Note: Internal stresses are introduced in a plan mainer so that so extra loading to be counter
acted in the member.
Stressing Losses: Short term: Anchorage set, Elastic shortening of concrete, Friction losses.
Long term: Creep, Shrinkage of concrete, Relaxation of strands, Thermal/due to
temperature.
Stressing: Stressing is an internal resistance to external forces or load applied and a unit
stress.
Types of stressing:
1-Tensile stress, 2-Compressive stress,3-Shear stress.
22-Piling:
1: How many types of piling and explain it?
Ans: 1-Friction piles, 2-End bearing piles.
Method statement of piling: 1-Start bore with Rig machine Contiguous float Auger (by C.F.A)
down side bit for excavation with the support of Bentonite/Polymer.
2-Installation of steel cage: a-Should have approval from Consultants, b-Working plate form.
c-Setting out the center to center points for piles, center points should be as sequence mean
to bore pile center to center distance should not be less than 4.5m just to collapse avoid pile
concrete.
4-Safe access for machine /vehicle
5-Equipment: Rig Machine, Concrete pump, Bentonite/Polymer material tank.

6-Installation of temporary casing: a-Check verticality with spirit level-Casing should be clean
from inside-Casing length depends on side condition.
7-Star drilling/boring.
8-Polymar/Bentonite material should be always 01 meter height from water table level.
Note: Toe level +cut off level cage reinforcement detail (as per approved shop drawing).
Top level of casing should be taken/know.
After completion of drilling slush/mud.
Material should be removed by cleaning bucket.
9-Should be cage verticality.
10-Should hold properly.
11-Trimmy pipe 5 inch dia for pouring concrete.
12-Trimmy pipe should be 2 meter always embedded in concrete.
13-Concrete pouring should be not stop until fresh concrete come out.
14-After concrete removed trimmy pipe
15-After remove casing as soon as possible.
16-Cutting of piles heads up to cut off level.
1: Explain about Pile Test?
Ans: 1-Pile load test, 2-Integrity test., 3-Sonic test.
Pile Load test: Following two methods are available for pile load test.
1-Static load test - a) by kenlidge test, b) By Anchor test.
2-Dynamic test.
Note: In pile load test settlement should not be more than 6mm.
Integrity test: To check physical dimensions continuity cracks, buldging and consistency of
material used in the pile concrete.
Grouting: 1-Strand cutting. The strand will be cut at a length 3 cm to 4cm from the wedges.
2-Grout mix with cemet, water and admixture. Water cement ration of the grout shall not be
greater than .42.
3-Tendon will be grout within a weak but not before 8 to 12 Hrs.
Grouting property:
1. Fluidity bleeding in the plastic condition.
2. Volume change when hardening.
3. Strength change when hardened.
4. Grout temperature should not exceed 32 C at inlet and outlet.
5. Grout will be start from lower side to higher side.
6. Ambient/Air temperature should not exceed 35C.
Test for Grout:
1. Bleeding test.
2. Fluidity test.
3. Volume change test.

4. Compressive strength test by prism.
What is epoxy seal coat, specification and how to apply?
Types of expansion joint in bridges.
23-General combine Definition
1: What is the role of a civil engineer?
Ans: A Civil Engineer of involves the planning, design, construction, operation, and
maintenance of roads, bridges, and tunnels to ensure safe and effective transportation of
people and goods
2: What is traffic management?
Ans: Traffic management is the method of control for roadwork that is the measures to
improve road safety for all its users and ease congestion or control the use of the cars.
CESMM3: Civil Engineering Standard Method of Measurement-3
3: How do you check work statement?
Ans: A safe work method statement must be prepared for all high risk construction works.
project.
5: What is shop drawing, what do you check in that?
Ans: Detailed construction drawings that show the proposed material, shape, size is called
shop drawing.
6: What is contract problem?
Ans: In contract if any parties do not understand exactly what is expected of them.
Specifically, one or both of the parties don't know the contract terms of condition is called
contract problem.
7: What are the main components of the clause: 14.1 programs?
Ans: The material should not be issued unless its final certified by two persons on behalf of
the company in the manner provided in this clause.
8: What is claim?
Ans: A statement that something is true is called claim.
9: What is priority of contract document?
1. The Contract Details.
2. These terms and conditions.
3. Documents incorporated (including) by reference in these terms and conditions.
4. The remaining appendixes to these terms and conditions.
5. Prioritization of Contract Details and Attachments.
Pre-contractual Documentation which post-dates the tender:
1. The Contractor's tender.
2. The Customer's request for tender.
3. The Contractor's expression of interest.
4. The Customer's request for expressions of interest.
10: Is general specification mentioned in the priority of documents?

Ans: No The Specification is a techno-legal document containing full scientific details of the
project.
11: What are notice of intent and the name of department for coordination?
Ans: Notice of Intent (NOI) letters that are used for notify to Authority for planning and
coordination about projects.
12: What is CPM, draw a CPM curve?
Ans: CPM is step by step technique for process of planning and managing a construction
project. Or
The sequence of activities for which determine the total time for the project is called CPM
CPM provides the following benefits.
 Provide a graphical view of the project.
 Predict the time required to complete the project.
 Shows which activities are critical and which are not to maintaining the schedule.
Steps in CPM project planning:
 1-Specify (state) the individual activities.
 2-Determine the sequence of these activities.
 3-Draw a network diagram.
 4-Estimate the completion time of each activity.
 5-Identify the critical path.
 6-Update the CPM diagram as per project program.
 7-Enter the completion time for every activity.
13: What is cash flow curve diagram?
Ans: A cash flow diagram is a tool used by accountants and engineers to represent the
transactions which will take place over the course of a given project.
14: How will you judge the delay in the progress of work?
Ans: To check sequence of work schedule.
15: What is changes orders and variation order?
Ans: Change Order - A more large change where the nature of the original design is changed
is called Change order.
Variation Order - Very minimal change normally only additives/deductive in quantity but
original design is retained same is called variation order.
16: If contractor is delaying the progress of works, what measures you will take?
Ans: We will issue notice to the contractor through letter and will inform to Client.
17: If the project is not completed in time and time already expired, what steps will you take?
Ans: We will issue penalty to contractor as per contract.
18: What is Project management?
Ans: Project management: Project management is the process of planning, execution,
controlling resources to achieve specific goal from start to completion of a project.
Stage of project management: 1-Initiation.2-Planning.3-Execution.4-Controlling.5-Closing.

19: What is Fidic?
Ans: The international federation of consulting engineering is an international standards
organization for the construction industry is called Fidic.
20: What is Program of work?
Ans: Program of work: A Program of work is a schedule that is a basic timeline of how work
will be complete.
This schedule shows the work start and completion date and handing over of the finished
works with all the various procedures and work.
20: Explain about Volume 1 to 4?
Ans: Volume-1: Tender and Contract term and condition.
Volume-2: Particle specification.
Volume-3: Bill of Quantities.
Volume-4: Contract drawing.
20: Write down firefighting equipment name and extinguisher and type of fire.
Ans: Type of Fire Fighting Equipment:
1-Blanket, 2-Water, 3-Foam, 4-Co2, 5-Powder
Type of Fire:
A: Ordinary combustible.
B-Flammable liquid/Gasses
C-Electric equipment.
D-Combustible metal.
K-Cooking oil or fat.
Type of fire fighting Extinguisher:
1-Water-ClassA, 2-Foam-Class-A$B, 3-DCP-ClassA, B, C, D, 4-Co2-ClassB, C.
21: What is site safety inspection L10?
Ans:1-Poor Housekeeping at work place.
2-Excavation not covers through barrier.
3-PPE Personnel Protective equipments.
4-Banks man not available at heavy machinery movement area.
5-Toilet not available at workplace area.
6-Food storage not available at workplace area.
7-Drinking water not available at workplace area.
23: What is the duty of Engineer?
1. Planning and Programming of full project.
2. Calculate and order of project material, manpower and equipment.
3. Execution and Controlling of full project from start up to completion time.
4. Maintain Safety and Quality control.
5. Follow up and Submission material for approval, RFA,RFI,Work notification,CVI, Shop
drawing, As-built drawing to consultants

6. Site visit with Consultant, Client and service Authority representative.
7. Supervision with project site staff and check that all of them are working according to
program and approved drawings.
8. Deal with all service authority for taking construction NOC and final handing over of
project.
9. Attend monthly progress meeting.
10. Prepare daily construction target program for site staff.
11.Follow up with subcontractor and supplier.
12. Follow up with store keeper and purchasing department for material delivery.
13. Having ability to complete the project as per schedule and budget with quality and
good production.
24: What is Schedule of rates?
Ans:A schedule of rate of various important item are prepare taking into consideration cost of
material,labour,equipment and task work per day for various traders and contractor profile.
The schedule of rate is very important and useful in scrutinizing of the tender documents and
for deciding the rate of variation works or these are used in re-measured contracts if Bill of
Quantities were not prepared at the time of tender.
25: What is Tender document?
Ans: 1-Tender invitation letter, 2-The agreement, 3-The condition of the contract, 4-
Specification, 5-Bill of Quantities with schedule of rates, 6-Drawing.
7-Appendix (addition) or PS if any issued at the time of tender.
26: What is type of contract?
Ans: 1- Lump sum Contract: In this contract complete work is carried by the contractor as per
the tender/contract document for a fixed amount of money to the satisfaction of the
consultants and the owner.
2-Re-measured Interim Rate Contract: In this contract the contractor quotes his rate each of
the items of work mentioned in the tender documents.
3-TUPN-Key Project (Job): In these types of contract the contractor provides complete
project including design and construction till handing of the keys to the owner.
4-Cost plus to contract: In this case of provisional sum similarly.
27: What are responsibilities duties as Assistant Resident Engineer?
Ans: Review if inspector daily report.
 Review of contractor’s joint measurement sheet and testing requests and subsequent
complete report.
 Review and approval contractor’s shop drawing as delegated by the resident engineer.
 Monitoring the performance of the survey party.
 Review and approval of the contractor’s proposed, material and methods ass delegated
by the Resident Engineer.
 Preparation of meeting minutes as delegated by the Resident Engineer.

 Coordination with the contractor ‘supervisory personnel regarding schedule sequence and
method of work.
 Monitoring performance with the contractor’s schedule.
 Continuous field inspection of the work in progress and consultation with both the
engineer and contractor supervisory staff.
 Preparation of written and oral report to the resident engineer on contractor and
procedural materials.
 Review of as-built drawing in coordination with inspector and surveyor.
28: What is Super elevation?
Ans: The outer edge of road at the horizontal curve is raised above the inner edge is called
super elevation.
Formula to calculation of super elevation:
Seperelevation e= BV2
gR
V=Permissible speed
B=Breadth of the road
R=Radius of the curve
g=Centrifugal force
29: What is Contour?
Ans: A line drawn on a map connecting point of equal height is called contour survey.
30: What is Topography?
Ans: Detail of a place or region is called topography.
31: What is Bearing Capacity?
Ans: The supporting power of soil is called its bearing capacity.
32: Short term definition?
Safe bearing capacity=Ultimate bearing capacity/Factor of safety.
AASHTO: American Association of State Highway and transportation Official.
AISC: American Institute of steel construction.
ANSI: American National Standard Institute.
ASCE: American Society of Civil Engineering.
ASTM: American Society for Testing and Material.
CESMM4: Civil Engineering Standard method of Measurement 4th edition.
ETC: Emirate Telecommunication Corporation.
Milling machine width: 1m to 2.5 m
DMRL: Dubai Municipality Road Lighting.
PQ: Provisional Quantity.
Density of material:
Asphalt: 2.5
Road base: 2.55

Black sand: 1.784
C/S=Single carriageway
Volume 1: Tender and Contract condition.
Volume 2: Particle specification.
Volume 3: Bill of quantity.
Volume 4: Tender and contract drawing.
1What is the tender bond, performance bond?
Tender bond:To pay money of ten percent of tender price to your client for security is called
tender bond.
Performance bond: A written guaranty from a third party guarantor (usually a bank or an
insurance company) submitted to a principal (client or customer) is called performance bond.
What is bar chart?
Ans: To create a combination chart in Excel to show how large each value is in the Charts
group is called bar chart.
What is interim payment?
Ans: A payment which one received in advance (as part of the full amount paid)
Temporary basis not exact amount is called interim payment.
What is the maximum period for the contractor to ask for claim?
Ans: If the Contractor fails to give notice of a claim within such period of 28 days, the
Time for Such further particulars “as the Engineer may reasonably require.
Duration: The estimated or actual time to complete an activity is called duration.
Float: Difference between the time necessary and the time available for an activity is called
float.
Gantt Charta graphical method of showing a project schedule which shows project time,
dates all activities, resources and their relationships is called Gantt chart.
Tracking: The process of tacking progress information gathered in a control system and
inserting this in to the original plan to show the actual status i.e. the compliance or deviation
from the planned status of the project at that point in time is called Tracking.
Summarize the management technique aspect of the contract supervision?
Ans:
1. Establish the project plans and procedure.
2. Establish the project control system such as Quality Control, Safety Control, and
Monitoring/Tracking system.
3. Selecting the project team/staff.
4. Allocating responsibilities to all staff.
5. Monitoring the control process to find out what is happening.
6. Establish site administration system (agreed method and procedure).
7. Establish site technical system to resolve any technical issues.
8. Maintaining effective communications with senior management and other concern parties
(stakeholders).
9. Reporting procedures and associated documentation.
10. Establish site information system.
11.Manage properly the project team by monitoring performance at all levels.
12. Maintain proper system to resolve contractor topics.
What are the major categories of the productive resources of a project?
Ans: 1-The site.2-Information.3-Manpower.4-Plant (Machine).5-Material.6-Sub-contractors.
7-Third parties.
Define the Civil Engineering procedure and its phases.
Ans:It describe the roles of Employer ,Engineer and Contractor and the activities covered by
each of them in any civil construction project.
It involves three phases:
1-Preliminary phase (Investigation and complete the design report).
2-Middle phase (Contract management),it include tendering $award stage,Pre-construction
stage and construction stage.
3-Fina Phase (Use), takes over, operate and maintain the work.
Define planning and control?
Ans: Planning mean: Deciding what you want to achieve and how you propose to achieve .It
obviously includes the selection of methods and sequence.
Controlling mean: Comparing what is with what out to be.
Define method of programming?
Ans: Classified broadly as follows:
A. Simple programming involves S curve line of balance and Bar charts.
B-Detailed programming (Network Analysis) involves.
The critical path method known as CPM
The programming evaluation and review technique known as pert.
What are mean are critical activities?
Ans: Activities without float time to which specific attention in monitoring must be given.
How to monitor the progress of work?
Ans: The Resident Engineer is responsible for monitoring progress and compiling regular
monthly progress report this include.
1-Regularly monitoring the Contractors progress against programmed and illustrating by
means of relevant chart or similar.
2-Arranging progress meeting with the Contractor. All significant matters discussed at any
meetings should be confirmed to the Contractor in writing.
3-Compiling a monthly progress report recording physical progress, performance and
financial detail.
4-Submitting reports of financial and contractual progress.
5-Ensuring progress photographs are taken and As-built drawing is kept up to date.
What is mean by Quality Control described briefly?
Ans: To check/monitor the work quality to confirm to:
1-As per approved method statement.
2-As per approved specification.
3-As per approved drawings.
Explain the type of insurance?
Ans: 1-Insurance of the works.
2-Third party Liability Insurance.
3-Workmen, s Compensation Insurance.
What are the design controls and criteria for Highway?
Ans: 1-The functional classification of the highway being designed.
2-Traffic volume and composition.
3-Design speed.
4-Topography-Soil geology and Meteorology.
5-Cost and available fund.
6-The design vehicle (that will use the facility).
7-Safety-Environmental –Social consideration.
8-Effect on land and property.
What are the major traffic elements that influence Highway Design?
Ans: 1-Average Daily Traffic (ADT).
2-Design Hour Volume (DHV).
3-Directional Distribution (D).
4-Composition of Traffic (Percentage of trucks)(T).
5-Design speed (v).
What is the directional distribution of traffic (D)?
Ans: Is the one-way volume in the predominate direction of travel, expressed as percentage
of two-way design hour volume.
D range from 55 to 85 percent.
Define the composition of traffic?
Ans: Is usually expressed as the percentage of trucks during the design hour.
Define the design speed V for a vehicle?
Ans: The maximum safe speed that can be maintained over a specified section of highway
when condition is so favorable.
Define the type of highway?
Ans: 1-Freeway, 2-Expressway,3-Arterior (trunk),4-Collector,5-Local.
Define the Alignment of highway?
Ans: It is the final design of the highway its include:
1-The vertical alignment (grade line or profile).

2-The horizontal alignment (Curvature).
The final alignment will be that in which the best balance between grade and curvature is
achieved.
The road profile consists of uniform straight lines (gradients) connected by vertical parabolic
or circular curves. It is known as the gradient .In rock cut and flat swampy areas it is
necessary to maintain higher grade.
What are elements affect the choice of the road profile (alignment)?
Ans: 1-Cost of earthwork (balance between cut and fill).
2-The general terrain of the area (Topography).
3-Future possible construction and presence of grade separation and bridge structures.
4-Matching with the existing condition.
5-The effect of grades on the operating cost of the motor vehicle.
6-Traffic volume and type.
7-Design peed.
8-Drainage condition.
In rolling areas grade and curvature must be considered carefully.
Define the degree of the curve?

Ans: It is the central angle sub tendered by an arc of 100 ft.
What are the vertical curve elements?
Ans: At all change in gradient, vertical curve should be provided.
PC=Point of curve (beginning of curve).
P.T=Point of tangent (end of curve).
P.I=Point of Intersection of 2 tangent.
R=Length of radius of curve.
L=Length of curve.
D=Degree of curve.
Offset for vertical curve X $ Y (Computed from formulas).
There are two types of vertical curves
A-Summit or Crest Curve.
B-Sag or Valley Curve.
What are the arrangements for merging and diverging traffic?
Ans: a-Acceleration lanes for merging (entering) traffic.
b-Deceleration lanes for diverging (leaving) traffic.
What are the traffic management techniques (measures) to improve the efficiency of the
existing roads?
A. For the roads between the junctions:
1. Parking restriction.
2. Speed limit readjustment.

3. To keep one way traffic flows instead of two-way.
4. Closing of side streets to improve the journey time on the main road and is likely to
reduce overall number of accidents.
5. Bus stop and /or lay-bye to be properly sited.
6. Restriction of heavy vehicles on certain times.
7. Street lighting.
8. Tidal flow i.e. a great number of lanes is allocated to the direction of greater flow in peak
hours.
B.At Junctions:
Channelizing island and kerb realignment to improve road capacity and safety.
Improve visibility.
Staggered junction.
Left turn ban.
Roundabout and / or traffic signal to regulate the traffic flow to be more safe and organized.
C.Pedestrian facilities must be provided for the safety of pedestrian.
D.Area traffic control system should be provides to properly coordinate traffic signal over on
area by mean of central controller usually a computer.
E.Construction of adequate parking area for vehicles by fixing appropriate time limits and
charges for parked vehicle.
F.Arrangement for public transport special bus routes or lanes may be required.
G.Traffic signing and road marking rearrangement to suit the up-to-date traffic requirement.
How to attain the super elevation at the Curve?
Ans: In order to achieve this change, the normal road cross section will have to be tilted to
the super elevated cross-section as follows:
 The X-section to rotate about the centerline axis to lower the inside edge and raise the
outside edge of the pavement without changing the centerline grade.
 The X-section to rotate bout the inner edge so that the inner edge retains its normal grade
but the centerline grade is varied.
 The X-section to rotate about the outside edge.
The first option is the most appropriate.
What are the job purpose, general duties, responsibilities and Authority of RE?
Ans: Job Purpose: To act as the Engineers Representative on site and to control the day to
day supervision of the contract.
General Duties $ Responsibilities:
1-Responsible for the construction of the work on the site and to control the day to day
supervision on the contract.
2-Ensure that quality of materials and workmanship complies with the specification and
drawing through proper supervision of the work.
3-Responsible for administering the contract equitably.

4-Established effective communication with the Client, Contractor, Project Manager, service
authority etc.
5-Responsible for proper staff management.
6-Monitoring progress of the works against the approved programmed.
7-Preparation of various reports required by the engineer and Client.
Authority:
Certain duties and powers of the Engineer as defined in the contract will be delegate to the
RE .He will:
a-Deal with day to day matters relating to implementation of the condition of Contract and
Specification.
b-Interpret anomalies in and/or omission from the documents and instruct staff accordingly.
c-Ensure that all instruction/amendments issued to the Contractor are confirmed and
documented contractually.
EOT:Extension of time
Why we are preparing formation surface?
Ans:
If Asphalt compaction will be more than 101% then what cause affects?
How you will calculate the project resources machinery, labour, staff etc?
What is difference between Asphalt Binding course and Base course?
What is different between Formation material and Subkha material?
What is road marking thickness?
How you know number of passes of asphalt compaction?
How many number of passes required of Asphalt compaction?
What is post tension and explain method statement of post tension?
What is pile cut off level?
After pile cut off what is next structure?
What is max size of aggregate in wearing course?
Contract documents:
The aim of concrete mix design?
24-Rate of work:
 Excavation for Cutting: 3.16/M cube.
 Disposal of excavated material: 19.67/M cube.
 Formation preparation: 3.15/M cube.
 Embankment filling @250mm =7.62/M cube.
 Filling with imported material=10.78/M cube.
 Road Base laying depth 100mm=13.41/M square.
 Bitumen Asphalt Wearing Course laying 50mm thickness: 32.94/M squire
 Prime coat MC 70 laying: 4.19/M squire.

 Tack Coat laying =7.17/M squire.
25-Day work rate:
 Bitumen 60/70 1 ton=300AED
 Bitumen 40/50 1 ton=3060AED
 AC Base course 1 ton=210 AED
 AC Wearing course 1 ton=214 AED
 Interlock tile 60mm thickness 1 m square=50
 Up stand Ker stone 1 m=20
 Mild steel reinforcement epoxy coated 1 ton =4000
 High tensile steel reinforcement 1 tone=4000
 Bulldozer 100 HP per/hour =200
100 to 200 HP=290
Over 200 HP=300
 Grader up to 140 HP per/hour=195
Over 140 HP per/hour=225
 Vibrator roller up to 3 ton per/hour=135
 Tandem roller up to 10 ton per/hour=150
 PRT over 10 ton per/hour=175
 Generator up to 200KW per/hour=250
 Milling machine per/hour=1500
 Mechanical road broom brush per/hour=75
26-Production of work machinery:
Description of work Machinery Quantity Production/day
1-Excavation to cut Dozer 1 500 M cube
2-Loading of Cut material Shovel 1 115 Truck
3-Leveling of dumping material Dozer 1 1350 M cube
4-Shifting of excavated material Truck 1 25 Trip
5-Formation embankment filling Grader 1 850 M cube, 2000M square
6-Formation preparation Grader 1 3000 M squire
7-Road base preparation Grade 1 1500 M sq
8-Water sprinkling Water tanker 1 850m cube or 8 trips
9-Formation compaction Roller 1 5000m sq
10-Road Base compaction Roller 1 1500 m sq
11-Road Base compaction PTR 1 1500 M sq
12-Lay Road Base 150 thickness Paver 1 5000 m sq/2000 Ton
Compaction STR 1 5000 m sq/2000 Ton
Compaction PTR 1 2500 m sq/1000 Ton
Shifting road base Truck 1 10 Trip
Loading road base Shovel/Loader 1 50 Truck

13-Apply Prime Coat Bitumen Tanker 1 10,000 m sq
14-Water sprinkler Water Tanker 1 7 trip/3000 M cube
15-Asphalt Base Course 60 mm Paver 1 10,000 m sq/1530 Ton
Compaction STR 1 10,000 m sq/1530 Ton
Compaction PTR 1 5000m sq/765 Ton
Surface Cleaning Compressor 1 10,000 m sq
Hand Compaction Hand Roller 1 10,000 m sq/1530 Ton
Hand Compaction Plate Compactor 10,000 m sq/1530 Ton
Sweet Water Supply Water Tanker 1 10,000 m sq
Asphalt Joint Cutting Clipper machine
Shifting Asphalt Truck 25 1530 Ton
15-Tack coat Bitumen Tanker 1 10,000 m sq
16-Asphalt Wearing Course 50 mm Paver 1 9,000 m sq/1200Ton
Compaction STR 1 9,000 m sq/1200Ton
Compaction PTR 1 4500 m sq/600Ton
Surface Cleaning Compressor 1 9,000 m sq
Hand Compaction Hand Roller 1 9,000 m sq/1200 Ton
Hand Compaction Plate Compactor 9, 000 m sq/1200 Ton
Sweet Water Supply Water Tanker 1 9,000 m sq
Asphalt Joint Cutting Clipper machine
Shifting Asphalt Truck 20 1530 Ton
16-Formation side walk Bob Cat 1 500 m sq
17-Kerbstone Blinding$ shuttering Masson 1 100 m
Carpenter 2
Labour 4
Steel fixer 1
17-Kerbstone Hunching $ shuttering Masson 1 100 m
Carpenter 2
Labour 2
17-Installation of Ker stone Masson 1 50 m
Labour 1
17-Installation of Tile Paver 80mm Masson 1 15 m sq
Labour 1
17-SWD Gully fixing Pipe fitter 1 3
Labour 2
18-Excavation pipe line up to 1.5m JCB 1 100 M

Labour 2
19-Lay pipe including formation preparation and bedding.
Pipe fitter 1 100 M
Labour 5
20-Backfill pipe line up to 1.5m deep Charge hand 1 100 M

Labour 7
21-Excavation 11 kv/LV line Charge hand 1 100 M
Labour 2
JCB 1
21-Backfill 11 kv/LV line Charge hand 1 100 M
Labour 4
JCB 1
27-Major issues for delay project:
1. Late issue confirmation of the road profile.
2. Late issue of SWD design and several revision of the approval shop drawing.
3. Late confirmation the SWD diversion.
4. The existing 75mm dia AC water line is very old and shallow for which we can’t precede
the road work before diverting this line.
5. Late confirmation instruction to proceed with lowering the existing HV/LV cable without
slewing /relocation.
6. The huge number buried sewerage chamber to be adjusted.
7. The late confirmation the Etisalat work.
8. Sewerage in the approval shop drawing due to obstruction by the congested underground
services.
9. The road back side Danata building is held due to not allowed vibration.
28-Labour rate:
Category Basic rate/hour All in cost/hour
Labour 2.74 8.10
Mason 3.51 9.35
Carpenter 3.53 9.38
Steel fixer 3.16 8.81
Plumber 4.16 10.33
Electrician 4.45 10.78
Fabricator 5.72 12.71
Fitter 4.43 10.75
A/C Technician 4.45 10.78
Duct Erector 4.45 10.78
Grade Checker 5.00 11.61

Painter 3.72 9.67
Polisher 3.69 9.62
Welder 4.61 11.02
Driver HB 7.81 14.00
Driver HV 7.67 13.82
Driver LV 5.85 11.24
29-Quantity of rate analysis for reinforcement concrete:
Steps of rate analysis: 1-Estimation of Labour, Material, Equipment, Miscellaneous item for
particular quantity of reinforced concrete.
2-To determine the components of structures for which the RCC rate analysis is required ,as
the quantity of reinforcement steel varies with slab,beams,column,foundatuion,RCC road etc.
The quantity of material like sand, cement and coarse aggregate vary with mix design such
as M15 (1:2:4), M20 (1:1.5:3) etc.
Here we will calculate the rate analysis for 1m cube of reinforced concrete:
1-Estimate of material: For Concrete: 1 M3
Mix design is=1:1.5:3, Dry volume: 1.54 times the wet volume of concrete
Dry Concrete: 1*1.54=1.54 M Cube concrete
a) Bag of Cement required: 1*1.54/1+1.5+3,=.28m3
Number of bags: one Cement bag volume=.0347M3
.28/.0347=8.07 bags of cement
b) Volume of sand required:1.5*1.54./1+1.5+3,
.42M3 of sand
c) Volume of course aggregate required=3*1.54/1+1.5+3
0.84M3 of course aggregate.
d) Estimate of Reinforced steel:
For steel estimation two method available:1-First method when we have drawing available,
we can calculate the total weigh of steel required divided by the total volume of concrete for
different components. Thus will give us the weight of reinforcement steel per cubic meter of
concrete.
2-Second method is assuming the percentage of reinforcement for different components.
Following are the percentage of reinforcement steel generally required per different
components.
For slabs=1.0% of concrete volume
For Beams=2.0% of concrete volume
For Column=2.5% of concrete volume
For RCC Roads=.6% of concrete volume
Take example of RCC Column, where reinforcement required is 2.5% of concrete volume,
weight of steel required will be:
2.5*7850/100*1
196.25kg
2. Labour requirement for 1M3 of RCC:
Labour required is presented in term of days required to complete the work for the given
quantity of concrete. Following are the various labour required.
-+ As per standard schedule of rates and analysis of rate, one mason is required for .37
days.
b) Labour: one unskilled labour required for 3.5 days.
c) Water carrier: one water carrier required for 1.39 days.
d) Bar bender: Bar bender required for depend on weight of reinforcement. Let consider one
bar bender required for 100kg of steel as for 1 day.
e) Mixer operator: One mixer operator required for 0.0714 days.
f) Vibrator operator: One vibrator operator required for 0.0714 days.
3. Equipments and sundries.
Equipment and other charges, such as water chargers, miscellaneous items, tools and
tackles etc can be assumed as some percentage of total cost of material labours.Lets say it
as 7.5%.
Contractor profit:
Contractor profit depends on place to place, organization to organization and work to work. It
varies from 10 to 20 %.Lets say it as 15% of total cost of material, labour and equipments.
We have calculated the quantity of every item in above 1-3 steps. For rate analysis of RCC,
we need to multiply each quantity with their rates to get the amount for every item of work.
Rate varies from place to place and time to time. It is advisable assume local rate or
standard rates of the place.
The sum total of all the four items above will give the rate or cost for 1M3 of concrete.
30-Keyboard shortcut formulas:
Keyboard Shortcuts (Microsoft Windows):
1. CTRL+C (Copy), 2. CTRL+X (Cut), 3. CTRL+V (Paste), 4. CTRL+Z (Undo) 5. DELETE
(Delete).
6. SHIFT+DELETE (Delete the selected item permanently without placing the item in the
Recycle Bin).
7. CTRL while dragging an item (Copy the selected item).
8. CTRL+SHIFT while dragging an item (Create a shortcut to the selected item.
9. F2 key (Rename the selected item).
10. CTRL+RIGHT ARROW (Move the insertion point to the beginning of the next word).
11. CTRL+LEFT ARROW (Move the insertion point to the beginning of the previous word).
12. CTRL+DOWN ARROW (Move the insertion point to the beginning of the next paragraph).
13. CTRL+UP ARROW (Move the insertion point to the beginning of the previous
paragraph).
14. CTRL+SHIFT with any of the arrow keys (Highlight a block of text) SHIFT with any of the
arrow keys (Select more than one item in a window or on the desktop, or select text in a
document).
15. CTRL+A (Select all).
16. F3 key (Search for a file or a folder).
17. ALT+ENTER (View the properties for the selected item).
18. ALT+F4 (Close the active item, or quit the active program).
19. ALT+ENTER (Display the properties of the selected object).
20. ALT+SPACEBAR (Open the shortcut menu for the active window.
21. CTRL+F4 (Close the active document in programs that enable you to have multiple
documents open simultaneously).
22. ALT+TAB (Switch between the open items.
23. ALT+ESC (Cycle through items in the order that they had been opened.
24. F6 key (Cycle through the screen elements in a window or on the desktop.
25. F4 key (Display the Address bar list in My Computer or Windows Explorer.
26. SHIFT+F10 (Display the shortcut menu for the selected item.
27. ALT+SPACEBAR (Display the System menu for the active window.
28. CTRL+ESC (Display the Start menu.
29. ALT+Underlined letter in a menu name (Display the corresponding menu) Underlined
letter in a command name on an open menu (Perform the corresponding command.
30. F10 key (Activate the menu bar in the active program.
31. RIGHT ARROW (Open the next menu to the right, or open a submenu.
32. LEFT ARROW (Open the next menu to the left, or close a submenu.
33. F5 key (Update the active window.
34. BACKSPACE (View the folder one level up in My Computer or Windows Explorer.
35. ESC (Cancel the current task.
36. SHIFT when you insert a CD-ROMinto the CD-ROM drive (Prevent the CD-ROM from
automatically playing.
Dialog Box - Keyboard Shortcuts:

1. CTRL+TAB (Move forward through the tabs).
2. CTRL+SHIFT+TAB (Move backward through the tabs).
3. TAB (Move forward through the options).
4. SHIFT+TAB (Move backward through the options).
5. ALT+Underlined letter (Perform the corresponding command or select the corresponding
option).
6. ENTER (Perform the command for the active option or button).
7. SPACEBAR (Select or clear the check box if the active option is a check box).
8. Arrow keys (Select a button if the active option is a group of option buttons).
9. F1 key (Display Help).

10. F4 key (Display the items in the active list).
11. BACKSPACE (Open a folder one level up if a folder is selected in the Save As or Open
dialog box).
Microsoft Natural Keyboard Shortcuts:
1. Windows Logo (Display or hide the Start menu)
2. Windows Logo+BREAK (Display the System Properties dialog box)
3. Windows Logo+D (Display the desktop)
4. Windows Logo+M (Minimize all of the windows)
5. Windows Logo+SHIFT+M (Restorethe minimized windows)
6. Windows Logo+E (Open My Computer)
7. Windows Logo+F (Search for a file or a folder)
8. CTRL+Windows Logo+F (Search for computers)
9. Windows Logo+F1 (Display Windows Help)
10. Windows Logo+ L (Lock the keyboard)
11. Windows Logo+R (Open the Run dialog box)
12. Windows Logo+U (Open Utility Manager)
13. Accessibility Keyboard Shortcuts
14. Right SHIFT for eight seconds (Switch Filter Keys either on or off)
15. Left ALT+left SHIFT+PRINT SCREEN (Switch High Contrast either on or off)
16. Left ALT+left SHIFT+NUM LOCK (Switch the MouseKeys either on or off)
17. SHIFT five times (Switch the Sticky Keys either on or off)
18. NUM LOCK for five seconds (Switch the ToggleKeys either on or off)
19. Windows Logo +U (Open Utility Manager)
20. Windows Explorer Keyboard Shortcuts
21. END (Display the bottom of the active window)
22. HOME (Display the top of the active window)
23. NUM LOCK+Asterisk sign (*) (Display all of the subfolders that are under the selected
folder)
24. NUM LOCK+Plus sign (+) (Display the contents of the selected folder)
MMC Console keyboard shortcuts:
1. SHIFT+F10 (Display the Action shortcut menu for the selected item).
2. F1 key (Open the Help topic, if any, for the selected item).
3. F5 key (Update the content of all console windows).
4. CTRL+F10 (Maximize the active console window).
5. CTRL+F5 (Restore the active console window).
6. ALT+ENTER (Display the Properties dialog box, if any, for the selected item).
7. F2 key (Rename the selected item).
8. CTRL+F4 (Close the active console window. When a console has only one console
window, this shortcut closes the console).

Remote Desktop Connection Navigation:
1. CTRL+ALT+END (Open the Microsoft Windows NT Security dialog box).
2. ALT+PAGE UP (Switch between programs from left to right).
3. ALT+PAGE DOWN (Switch between programs from right to left).
4. ALT+INSERT (Cycle through the programs in most recently used order).
5. ALT+HOME (Display the Start menu).
6. CTRL+ALT+BREAK (Switch the client computer between a window and a full screen)
7. ALT+DELETE (Display the Windows menu).
8. CTRL+ALT+Minus sign (-) (Place a snapshot of the active window in the client on the
Terminal server clipboard and provide the same functionality as pressing PRINT SCREEN on
a local computer.).
9. CTRL+ALT+Plus sign (+) (Place asnapshot of the entire client window area on the
Terminal server clipboard and provide the same functionality aspersing ALT+PRINT
SCREEN on a local computer.).
Microsoft Internet Explorer Keyboard Shortcuts:
1. CTRL+B (Open the Organize Favorites dialog box).
2. CTRL+E (Open the Search bar).
3. CTRL+F (Start the Find utility).
4. CTRL+H (Open the History bar).
5. CTRL+I (Open the Favorites bar).
6. CTRL+L (Open the Open dialog box).
7. CTRL+N (Start another instance of the browser with the same Web address).
8. CTRL+O (Open the Open dialog box, the same as CTRL+L).
9. CTRL+P (Open the Print dialog box).
10. CTRL+R (Update the current Web page).
11. CTRL+W (Close the current window).

Basic Notes and Interview Questions

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BASIC NOTES AND INTERVEW QUESTION THOSE WHO ARE ASPIRING IN THE INFRASTRUCTURE.

1-Steps for new project starting:

3-Review origination chart.

3: What is Horizontal and Vertical alignment?

5: What is transverse cross fall provided generally to cross-section of roads?

temporarily disabled vehicle.

CIVIL 4M INTERVIEW QUESTIONS

Why would I need to do a CBR test?

If you have excavated virgin land that you wish to construct

What is the process for this the CBR Test?

Ans: NDRC mean Non Disturbance Road Crossing.

analyzer, end cap, reducer, and tee.

compaction is carried out by vibrator by mechanical or electromechanically poker viberator.

26: What is the function of admixture or retarder?

Slump test: For workability

Physical properties test not exceed the following test values:

15-Prime Coat: Bitumen Kerosene oil:

 Temperature 60 degree to 80 degree.

13: Write the Marshall Test?

10-Minimum density required: 2,000 kg/m3

 Waterproof and sloped to shed surface water to the road side.

pavement or in an overlay of a deteriorated asphalt pavement. These cracks formed due to

roughness must be restored.

5-Equipment: Rig Machine, Concrete pump, Bentonite/Polymer material tank.

3. Volume change test.

10: Is general specification mentioned in the priority of documents?

Stage of project management: 1-Initiation.2-Planning.3-Execution.4-Controlling.5-Closing.

drawing, As-built drawing to consultants

 Preparation of meeting minutes as delegated by the Resident Engineer.

Road base: 2.55

1-The vertical alignment (grade line or profile).

Define the degree of the curve?

2. Speed limit readjustment.

3-Responsible for administering the contract equitably.

 Prime coat MC 70 laying: 4.19/M squire.

Loading road base Shovel/Loader 1 50 Truck

18-Excavation pipe line up to 1.5m JCB 1 100 M

20-Backfill pipe line up to 1.5m deep Charge hand 1 100 M

Grade Checker 5.00 11.61

Dialog Box - Keyboard Shortcuts:

9. F1 key (Display Help).

window, this shortcut closes the console).

CIVIL 4M INTERVIEW QUESTIONS

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