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- Overhead-
H. Putsch & Company has been developing juice purification systems for
generations, because it knows that clarification and filtration work free of problems
only if the juice purification is performed precisely. Putsch juice purification plants are
well approved in all climatic zones, where sugar beets are cultivated and processed .
Today, I am going to present to you the experiences and results of the Putsch
System of juice purification in the sugar factories Klein Wanzleben, Germany and
Moorhead, Minnesota.
• temperatures in the Red River Valley range between +15 °C and -30 °C over the
course of a campaign. Sometimes there are sharp temperature peaks, which are
disadvantageous for the beet quality.
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'~ -PLI+!!:ich
H. Putsch Gm bH & Compo
• connecting the vents of the carbonation tanks to a security tank in order to have
the opportunity to use this vapor for warming-up purposes.
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H. Putsch Gm bH & Compo
111 -PLI"'5iich
The juice purification of the Moorhead factory was installed for the campaign of
1995/96. The specifications for the juice quality were similar to the ones of Klein
Wanzleben.
• projecting the juice purification plant, System Putsch, for a beet processing
capacity of 7,700 shtld utilizing combination tanks
Looking at the before-mentioned specifications and demands of our clients, you can
see 2 main differences regarding the tanks of Klein Wanzleben and Moorhead:
• Moorhead uses an existing Dorr clarifier for thickening the carbonated juice while
Klein Wanzleben utilizes Putsch candle filters as thickeners
Because the conventional juice purification system is the same in both factories, the
stages of the juice purification are now explained using Moorhead as an example.
The Putsch system of juice purification contains many technical and technological
details, which have proved themselves in many cases.
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H. Putsch GmbH & Compo
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Preliming
In the last chamber, milk of lime is added to the prelimed juice so that a pH value of
about 11 .4 is reached.
The re-mixing flaps are adjusted to achieve a constant increase in pH from chamber
Milk of lime is added at the outlet of the prelimer according to the amount of raw
juice. After this additio n of milk of lime, the alkalinity should be about 1.2 to 1.4
g CaO/100 cm 3 . The total CaO content should reach at least 2.2 g CaO/100 cm 3 .
Leakages from all stages of the juice production process (attention! without S02
water) can also be recycled through the overflow of the prelimer.
After the last addition of milk of lime, the prelimed juice flows into the mixing tank by
means of gravity. This tank is equipped with an agitator that runs in a guide tube.
Here, the milk of lime and the prelimed juice are mixed thoroughly. The retention
time of about 5 minutes causes the milk of lime to dissolve well. The breakdown of
invert sugar, which began in the prelimer, and the amid reduction are carried on with
higher intensity.
The juice flows directly into the guide tube and is lifted upwards by the agitator. To
achieve thorough mixing , the guide tube must be kept full of juice and the agitator
must run in the proper direction. The juice level in the tank is set by a level control.
Finally, the juice is pumped via heat exchangers, where it is heated to about 85 °C,
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H. Putsch GmbH & Compo
The tank consists of an outer cylinder with a conical base and an inner cylinder. The
three juice inlets are attached tangentially to the outer cylinder. The juice exits the
tank through a pipe installed in the center of the inner cylinder.
In order to change the retention time of the juice in this tank, there are three inlets
installed at different heights. Since the exit height is also variable by means of the
central pipe, the juice level can be adjusted. The adjusting mechanism is located on
the cover of the tank. The juice enters the outer cylinder tangentially.
Because of this type of juice inlet, the juice forms a spiral around the inner cylinder,
which is directed downwards by gravity. The flow speed around the inner cylinder is
so fast that the suspended particles do not separate from the juice.
At the bottom of the inner cylinder, the juice flow is re-directed, so that the juice rises
in the inner cylinder. Heavy particles such as sand and grit do not follow the re
directed juice, but settle in the conical base of the tank. From here, they can be
removed through a sluice. The juice leaves the tank through the central pipe at the
pre-set height.
The design and the tangential introduction of the juice ensure an excellent retention
time spectrum, which is comparable to that of a multi-chamber agitator vessel. After
the hot main liming , the breakdown of the invert sugar is normally complete and the
amide reduction is almost complete, as well.
It is advisable that leakages from 'the juice purification and residuals from the sugar
house are recycled into the process just before the first carbonation,
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H. Putsch GmbH & Compo
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First carbonation
The main liming juice gravity feeds into the first carbonation tank.
Richter tubes accomplish the introduction and dispersion of CO2 , The gas slots
also fine distribute the gas. Each cleaning device has a separate drive.
The design of the carbonation tank with its central guide tube guara ntees a high juice
circulation. Depending on the amount of the CaO added , the circulation rate can
reach as high as 50-fold. This high circulation rate and the juice level of 7 m above
The outlet pipe is shaped like an inverted flU" and maintains a constant juice level in
the system. The retention time of the juice in the system is about 12 - 15 minutes.
The pH of the juice leaving the tank determines the amount of gas that is introduced:
enough CO 2 is added that the exiting juice reaches a pH value of 10.8 - 11.2.
The carbonated juice leaves the first carbonation via the degassing tank into the
clarifier.
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H. Putsch GmbH & Compo
Postliming
The postlimer differs from the main limer only in size and in the fact that it lacks
variable level controls.
The amide reduction is now completed in the colloid-free juice. This leads to an
increase in the amount of CaC03 for the second carbonation, which improves
filterability and color.
The postlimed juice leaves the postlimer through a central outlet and is directed
towards the second carbonation.
Second carbonation
Before the postlimed juice enters the second carbonation , a maximum of 50 % of the
sludge from the industrial filter is added. Adding the proper amount of sludge from
The operating principles of the first and the second carbonation are the same. In the
second carbonation however, the juice is not circulated as often as in the first
The juice level is 6.5 m above the gas slots. An inverted U-shaped pipe after the
As in first carbonation, the amount of gas added depends upon the pH of the juice
corresponds to the optimum alkalinity of thin juice 2. Experiences show that this
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H. Putsch GmbH & Compo
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Reaction tank
The agitator is designed to circu late the juice about 15-fold . During the retention time
of about 20 minutes the dissolved CaC0 3 completely crystallizes. Incrustations in the
pipes, pumps and filter cloths of following production stations are thereby prevented.
The effectiveness of the soda ash can be increased by adding an additional amount
to the reaction tank through the central guide tube. This measure substantially
increases the reaction time of the soda ash.
The second carbonation juice leaves the reaction tank via the head tank to the
second carbonation filters .
Although both factories have the technical and . technological possibility to process
badly deteriorated beets, neither of the factories utilized it until now. Even raw juice
purities of 84 - 85 in Moorhead did not cause any processing problems with the
classical Putsch system of juice purification.
Looking at the campaign results of Klein Wanzleben , you can see that the average
CaO-consumption of 1.2 % on beets during the last campaign clearly meets the
given specification of 1.8 % CaO on beets. It shows also, that the low lime
consumption was possible because of the high raw juice purity of up to 91.49. In
addition , the low raw juice draft in Klein Wanzleben of 102 % volume on beets was
also saving lime in comparison to Moorhead.
The average filtration coefficient of 1.49 s/cm2, the thin juice color of 1,738 ICUMSA
units (measured with 420 nm) and the thin juice lime salts before the evaporation
station of 0.04 g CaO/100 OS during the last campaign are record values in
Germany.
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P. O. Box 4221 • 0·58042 Hagen I Gennany • Tel.: 0 2331 '399-0· Telex: 823795· Fax: 02331 f 310 31
I lrilIl--P~"'!5i c: h i
H. Putsch GmbH & Compo !
Looking at the results of Moorhead, it is evident that all specifications have been
clearly fulfilled . For example, the average CaD-consumption of 2.26 % on beets
during the last campaign (as of February 7) falls under the target of 2.3 % on beets.
Caused by the heavily varying technological quality of the beets during the
campaign, the lime salts in the thin juice of Moorhead are higher than those in Klein
Wanzleben but evidently lower than the ones achieved with the Dorr System. The
results achieved with the Putsch system of juice purification in comparison with the
campaign results 1994/95 demonstrate clearly the efficiency of our system - even
under the extreme climatic conditions of the Red River Valley.
After installing the new system of juice purification in Moorhead , a beet processing
capacity of 6,000 sht per day was reached and exceeded for the first time. Also , the
achieved sedimentation coefficients in the clarifier represent good values in
comparison to European sugar factories.
In the period between March 26 and April 4, 1996, the ACS Research Center
conducted some examinations concerning the invert sugar destruction in the Putsch
system of juice purification. The result of an average invert sugar destruction of
97.2 % demonstrates clearly the efficiency of our system , especially the optimal
performance of our main liming without stirrer.
Looking at the experiences and results of Moorhead, there are possibilities for further
red uctions, especially in the lime consumption. For example, a reduction of the raw
juice draft down to approximately 102 % on beets would cause savings in CaD of 0.2
- 0.3 % on beets. In the period of good beet quality, optimizing that means reducing
the main liming alkalinity would result in another savings of 0.2 - 0.3 % CaD on
beets.
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P. O. Box 422 1 · 0 -58042 Hagen ' Gennany • Tel.: 0 23 31 , 3 99-0 • Telex: 823795 · Fax: 0 23 31 /3 10 31
H. Putsch GmbH & Compo
'I;ml -PL.I"'!Sch 1
,
we, as H. Putsch & Company, would like to thank everybody at American Crystal
Sugar for their great support while preparing and commissioning the juice purification
plant in Moorhead.
You and we, as the so-called "sugar people", know that during each exchange of
ideas both sides learn from each other. Not only the fact that sugar sticks, but also
the goal to process sugar from beets with the highest quality, quantity and effiCiency
brings us together.
We would like to thank the American Society of Sugar Beet Technolog ists very much
for the possibility to show you the experiences and results of the new Putsch juice
purification plants in the sugar factories of Moorhead and Klein Wanzleben.
We wish all participants of this meeting a successful continuation and thank you for
your attention.
141
P. O. Box 4221 • 0-58042 Hagen I Gennany • Tel.: 02331/3 99'() • Telex: 823795· Fax: 0 23 31 13 1031
142
143
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Vent
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145
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CO 2-Tube
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148
149
Reaction
tank
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Inlet
150
Campaign Results
Filtration coefficient
- - --- --
s/cm 2
-- . -
- -
- .
1,60
_. -
1,30
- - -
1,49
** to date 02/07/1997
CaO- Consumption
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Day
Reference List
153
Reference List
154
~ ....... GeHI~; Radinger Verwaltungsgesellschaft mbH in Hagen •. Registergericht Hagen 3 HRB 625 Dortmund (BLZ 440 100 46) 3183 · 467
Heinrich C. Radinger. Deutsche Bank AG Hagen: (BLZ 450700 02) 7573009 . SWI.F.T.·Code: DEUTDEDW 450
cart C. Radinger jr. CommerzPank AG Hagen: (BLZ 450 400 42) 3516028 · S.w.I.F.T. ·Code: COBADEFF 450
Prokurist LandeszentraJbank Hagen: (BLZ 450 000 00) 45 008 050 --Pu'l:'s c h ·Gruppe
Reference List
Main Liming Tanks without Stirrer, System Putsch
EXPlHu State: Feb. 1997
155
PeNanlIdl heftende GeMI~: Radinger Verwaltungsgesellschaft mbH In Hagen. Registergericht Hagen 3 HRB 625 Dortmund (BU 440 100 46) 3 183·467
Heinrich C. Radinger. Deutsche Bank AG Hagen: (BU 450 700 02) 7573 009 SWI.F.T.·Code: DEUTDEDW 450
Carl C. Radinger jr. Commerzbank AG Hagen: (BU 45040042) 3516028 · SW.I F.T. ·Code: COBADEFF 450
Prokurist Landeszentralbank Hagen: (BU 450 000 00) 45008 050 ~u"l"!!!:;i E:h-Gruppe
Reference List
Carbonation Tanks with Richter Tubes, System Putsch
EXP/Hu State: Feb. 1997
156
I'eI.&lIk:h haftendII GeMlI8chaIIertn: Radinger VerwaJtungsgeselischaft mbH in Hagen, Registergericht Hagen 3 HRB 625 Dortmund (BLZ 440 10046) 3 183·467
Reference List
Carbonation Tanks with Richter Tubes, System Putsch
EXPIHu State: Feb. 1997
157
PenOnIIc:h ~ GeeelIachMIwtn: Radinger Verwaltungsgesellschatt mbH in Hagen, Aegistergericht Hagen 3 HAS 625 DOr1mund (BL2 440 100 46) 3 183-467