Sunday, 27 January 2019 Anuj Verma

Class X A
ICT Research

File Management
Paper 3 | File Types

Contents
File Types................................................................................................................................................. 1
Generic Formats ................................................................................................................................. 1
Text files .......................................................................................................................................... 1
Image files ....................................................................................................................................... 2
Audio files ....................................................................................................................................... 2
Files used for website authoring ..................................................................................................... 2
Compressed Files ............................................................................................................................ 2

File Types
Generic Files
 Not application specific
 Can be opened by any system
 May not contain all of the formatting that can be stored in a package-specific format

Files such as .xlsx, .docx, .accdb are not generic file formats.

Generic Formats
Text files
Name Extension Features
Text .txt  Text is not formatted
TEXT  Can be opened with any word processor
Comma .csv  Takes data in form of tables
separated CSV o Can be used with spreadsheet/database
values  Saves it in a text format
 Items are separated with commas
Rich Text .rtf  Saves some of the formatting
Format RTF

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Image files
Name Extension Features
Graphics .gif  Stores still or moving images
Interchange GIF  Efficient for storing files with a small size, particularly where
Format there are large areas of solid colour
 Widely used in webpages
Joint .jpg  Stores only still images
Photographic .jpeg  Efficient for storing files with a small size
Expert Group JPEG  Widely used in webpages
Portables .pdf  Document that has been converted into an image
Document PDF  Can be read on most computers
Format  Pages look just as when they would look printed but can
contain clickable links, text fields, buttons, audio and video.
Portables .png  Compresses images without any loss of quality
Network PNG  Created to replace the GIF format and is now the most
Graphics widely used lossless compression method
Moving Picture .mp4  It is not a single file format; it is a multimedia container
Experts Group MPEG-4  Stores video files, still images, audio files, subtitles etc.
Layer 4  Widely used to transfer video over the internet

Audio files
Name Extension Features
Moving Picture .mp3  Used to compress audio files
Experts Group MPEG-3  Cannot store still or moving images
Layer 3  The file sizes are relatively small but have near CD quality
 Suitable for use on the internet

Files used for website authoring

Name Extension Features
Cascading .css  Attached to one or more webpages (often in HTML)
Stylesheet CSS  Holds formatting, colour, etc.
Hyper Text .htm  Text-based language used to create markup that a web
Markup .html browser will display
Language HTML

Compressed Files
Name Extension Features
Roshal Archive .rar  Container that can hold almost any file in a compressed
RAR format
 Used to reduce the number of bytes used by a file
 Developed for Windows by Eugene Roshal
Zip .zip  Container that can hold almost any file in a compressed
ZIP format
 Used to reduce the number of bytes used by a file

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