Professional Documents
Culture Documents
MIKE FOSTER
DEPT. OF URBAN STUDIES AND PLANNING
MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 12, 2013
OUTLINE
CARTOGRAPHIC DESIGN
HIERARCHY
FONT
COLOR
1 HIERARCHY
2 COLOR
3 FONT
1 HIERARCHY INTELLECTUAL HIERARCHY
WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT ELEMENTS AROUND THE
MAP, AND WHAT ARE THEIR RELATIVE IMPORTANCE?
BE CREATIVE!
BUT PLEASE DON‛T USE COMIC SANS!
2 FONT
CHOOSE NO MORE THAN 2-3 FONTS
AT LEAST ONE SERIF FONT,
AND ONE SANS SERIF FONT
RULE OF THUMB:
USE NO MORE THAN 6-7 DISTINCT
COLORS IN ONE MAP
(VARY LIGHTNESS AND SATURATION)
SUCCESSIVE CONTRAST
SIMULTANEOUS CONTRAST
KRYGIER, 2013
3 COLOR CARTOGRAPHIC CONVENTIONS
DIFFERENT COLORS HAVE CONVENTIONAL MEANINGS
BLUE: WATER, COOL, POSITIVE, SERENITY, MELANCHOLY, ETC.
GREEN: VEGETATION, LOWLANDS, FORESTS, SPRING, ETC.
RED: IMPORTANT, WARM, ACTION, LIFE, FIRE, DANGER, ETC.
YELLOW/TAN: DRY, HOT, INTERMEDIATE, LACK OF VEG, ETC.
ORANGE: ABUNDANCE, WARNING, HARVEST, FALL, ETC.
BROWN: LAND, CONTOURS, DULL, ETC.
PURPLE: DIGNITY, ROYALTY, RICH, SORROW, ETC.
WHITE: PURITY, CLEAN, FAITH, ETC.
BLACK: MYSTERY, STRENGTH, ETC.
GRAY: QUIET, SOPHISTICATED, CONTROLLED, ETC.
KRYGIER, 2013
217
53 Sand Point
71
Lake
3 COLOR
Lake
Pine Island La Croix
State Forest
24
Big Falls
KOOCHICHING 65
Nett
Lake Nett
Knife Lake Seagull
Lake Pelican Lake
Lake 116 Basswood
23 12
Koochiching Bois Forte
Indian Reservation Orr
Lake
24
State Forest Bounda ry Waters
CARTOGRAPHIC CONVENTIONS
71
6 Bounda ry Waters Burntside Snowbank Canoe Area Wilderness
53
Canoe Area Wilderness Lake 18 Lake
Mizpah Winton
Ely Insula Sawbill
orthome Lake Lake
1 Deer 169 White Iron
Effie Lake 1 Cook Vermillion 1 Lake
1 Lake
Island
Lake Tower 12 1 Superior Na
46 1 Birch Fores
LAKE
Bear Head Silver
Bigfork Lake
Lake
Island
Sturgeon 53 Big Rice 135
Lake
Lake
38 George Washington Lake
169 12 Babbitt
State Forest 73 Superior National
Squaw Lake Embarrass
Round
Lake Sand
Forest Isabella
61
Lake 65
Mountain Tofte
Chippewa National Iron Virginia Aurora Seven 2 Greenwood
Bowstring Beaver
Forest
ITASCA
Lake
Chisholm Biwabik
Lake
Buhl Hoyt Lakes Lake
1
Lake 6
Hibbing
169 Eveleth
Gilbert Superior National o r
ri
W innibigoshish
Leonidas 110
46
Deer 38
Keewatin
Iron Junction Forest
Lake 37
pe
2 Nashwauk Chisholm- 16
Bena 15
Deer River Hibbing Airport
Su
ake Marble 4
vation Bovey
ST. LOUIS
Zemple Calumet Whiteface
Coleraine 169
Swan
5 Res. Silver Bay
Indian
Grand Rapids
Federal Dam Lake
Lake Beaver Bay
La Prairie 65 7
Pokegama 53 2
Lake Cloquet Valley 61
Boy River
ech State Forest
ke
8 Mabel 73 44
ake Lake Warba
6
CASS
M is s is s i
La
4 169 49
Meadowlands 4
Remer 2 133
pp
ve Res.
r
W oman
Lake
Longville Hill City 200
Two Harbors
Fish Lake
ack Savanna Res. 37
7 Knife River
84 Floodwood Duluth Int’l W ild Rice Lake
State 65 Airport 61
Res.
Forest 53
Brookston
9
Arnold French River
73 2
6
169
Big Sandy Fond du Lac
194
Hermantown Lege
Indian Reservation 2
Duluth
Lake
Fifty 33
Towns and Cities
1 Lakes Emily Fond du Lac Cloquet Proctor
Duluth
Lake Palisade
Manhattan Lake
State Forest Scanlon 35
Beach
3 Minnewawa >50,000
AITKIN Wright Cromwell
Cross Lake Thomson
Hibbing
210
ins Tamarack Carlton 10,000 – 49,999
Breezy Point
CARLTON
R.
McGregor
Virginia
ppi
210 Wrenshall
5,000 – 9,999
CROW WING
akes
4
i
is s
371
is s
73
Nisswa Cuyuna
M
Aitkin 65 35 23 Moose Lake 1,000 – 4,999
Trommald Kettle
e 3 River
Crosby Rice
Lake
Barnum Lutsen 0 – 999
Riverton Moose Lake
3 COLOR
COLORBLIND USERS
MAPS OFTEN ENCODE IN COLOR, BE AWARE!
RED -> BLUE OR YELLOW -> BLUE ARE GENERALLY SAFE
RED -> GREEN IS BAD!
ADD DATA/
PARAMETERS THIS TEN STEP WORKFLOW WILL ALLOW
FOR FULL CONTROL OVER YOUR MAP IN
CREATE
BOOKMARK ADOBE ILLUSTRATOR
SEPARATE
LAYERS
REMOVE
EFFECTS
ADD GRIDS/
SCALE/LABELS
EXPORT
COMPILE IN
AI
STYLIZE
ADD LAYERS
AS NEEDED
ARCGIS TO ADOBE ILLUSTRATOR
SET LAYOUT
1. Using File > Page and Print Setup, set Page Layout (Portrait, Letter Size)
ADD DATA/
PARAMETERS 2. Using Data Frame Properties, set page margins and layout
CREATE
BOOKMARK
SEPARATE
LAYERS
REMOVE
EFFECTS
ADD GRIDS/
SCALE/LABELS
EXPORT
COMPILE IN
AI
STYLIZE
ADD LAYERS
AS NEEDED
ARCGIS TO ADOBE ILLUSTRATOR
SET LAYOUT
1. Add Data to the Layout, determine extent that covers full subject area
ADD DATA/
PARAMETERS 2. Set projection, scale, and any other map parameters
CREATE
BOOKMARK
SEPARATE
LAYERS
REMOVE
EFFECTS
ADD GRIDS/
SCALE/LABELS
EXPORT
COMPILE IN
AI
STYLIZE
ADD LAYERS
AS NEEDED
ARCGIS TO ADOBE ILLUSTRATOR
SET LAYOUT
1. Bookmarks > Create Bookmark
ADD DATA/
PARAMETERS 2. Name it “export extent”, this will be what you export from from now on
CREATE
BOOKMARK
SEPARATE
LAYERS
REMOVE
EFFECTS
ADD GRIDS/
SCALE/LABELS
EXPORT
COMPILE IN
AI
STYLIZE
ADD LAYERS
AS NEEDED
ARCGIS TO ADOBE ILLUSTRATOR
SET LAYOUT
1. Open Attribute Table > Select by Attributes ... Select Road Types
ADD DATA/
PARAMETERS 2. Right click on layer > Selection > Create Layer from Selected Features
CREATE 3. Logically name layer “Highways, Primary Roads, etc.”, repeat
BOOKMARK
SEPARATE
LAYERS
REMOVE
EFFECTS
ADD GRIDS/
SCALE/LABELS
EXPORT
COMPILE IN
AI
STYLIZE
ADD LAYERS
AS NEEDED
http://www.mass.gov/anf/research-and-tech/it-serv-and-support/application-serv/
office-of-geographic-information-massgis/datalayers/eotroads.html
ARCGIS TO ADOBE ILLUSTRATOR
SET LAYOUT
1. Adobe will rasterize all effects (transparencies, etc.)
ADD DATA/
PARAMETERS 2. Remove them, we will add them back in the Graphics Software
CREATE
BOOKMARK
SEPARATE
LAYERS
REMOVE
EFFECTS
ADD GRIDS/
SCALE/LABELS
EXPORT
COMPILE IN
AI
STYLIZE
ADD LAYERS
AS NEEDED
ARCGIS TO ADOBE ILLUSTRATOR
SET LAYOUT
1. Place your basic map elements (scale, north arrow, graticule)
ADD DATA/
PARAMETERS 2. These will transfer to Adobe as vectors we can modify
CREATE
BOOKMARK
SEPARATE
LAYERS
REMOVE
EFFECTS
ADD GRIDS/
SCALE/LABELS
EXPORT
COMPILE IN
AI
STYLIZE
ADD LAYERS
AS NEEDED
ARCGIS TO ADOBE ILLUSTRATOR
SET LAYOUT
1. Turn off all Raster - Export Vector to AI format REMEMBER: SET YOUR COLOR
TO CMYK FOR PRINT, AND
ADD DATA/ VECTORIZE MARKERS
PARAMETERS 2. Turn off all Vector - Export Raster to image format
CREATE
BOOKMARK
SEPARATE
LAYERS
REMOVE
EFFECTS
ADD GRIDS/
SCALE/LABELS
EXPORT
COMPILE IN
AI
STYLIZE
ADD LAYERS
AS NEEDED
ARCGIS TO ADOBE ILLUSTRATOR
SET LAYOUT
1. Open up your file in Adobe Illustrator
ADD DATA/
PARAMETERS 2. Remove the Clipping Masks and Ungroup all your objects
CREATE 3. Place all rasters on new layer
BOOKMARK
SEPARATE
LAYERS
REMOVE
EFFECTS
ADD GRIDS/
SCALE/LABELS
EXPORT
COMPILE IN
AI
STYLIZE
ADD LAYERS
AS NEEDED
ARCGIS TO ADOBE ILLUSTRATOR
SET LAYOUT
1. Stylize your layers, incorporating cartographic principles
ADD DATA/
PARAMETERS 2. Label freely, and remember to keep your file organized
CREATE
BOOKMARK
SEPARATE
LAYERS
REMOVE
EFFECTS
ADD GRIDS/
SCALE/LABELS
EXPORT
COMPILE IN
AI
STYLIZE
ADD LAYERS
AS NEEDED
ARCGIS TO ADOBE ILLUSTRATOR
SET LAYOUT
1. If you need an additional layer, return to ArcGIS
ADD DATA/
PARAMETERS 2. Export from your bookmarked export extent, save as secondary AI file
CREATE
BOOKMARK
SEPARATE
LAYERS
REMOVE
EFFECTS
ADD GRIDS/
SCALE/LABELS
EXPORT
COMPILE IN
AI
STYLIZE
ADD LAYERS
AS NEEDED