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Abstract
This work is focused on the treatment of a textile plant wastewater. The industry mainly manufactures socks,
stockings and panties, and the water is treated in order to be reused. The wastewater was characterized and jar-
tests experiments were carried out with different coagulants and flocculants, at different concentrations and pH
in order to obtain clarified water that can be treated by means of ultrafiltration (LJF) or nanofiltration (NF). The
combination of the physico-chemical treatment and the nanofiltration leads to a COD removal of almost 100%.
001 I-91 64/02/$- See front matter 0 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved
PII: SO0 1 1-9 164(02)00750-6
170 A. Bes-Pick et al. /Desalination 149 (2002) 169-l 74
7 VALVE 1 MANOMETER
6 FEED PUMP 2 REGULATION VALVE
9 SPEED CONTROL 3 PERMEATE STREAM
IO THERMOMETER 4 STIRRING
11 FILTER SYSTEM 5 FEED TANK
12 SECURITY VALVE 6 AUXILIARY TANK
T (“C) 18
Table 1 PH 7.50
Tested UF membranes Conductivity (mS/cm) 2.06
S.S. (mg/L) 82.6
COD (mg/L) 1640
Membrane reference Cut-off (kD)
Turbidity (NTU) 15.65
10 BIOMAX of MILLIPORE 5
IRIS 3065 of TECHSEP 40
IRIS 3028 of TECHSEP 100 NF module is plane with an effective
membrane area of 0.009 m2, the operating
conditions were 400 L/h of feed flow rate, 1
Table 2 MPa of transmembrane pressure and 20°C. The
Tested NF membranes operating conditions in UF process were feed
transmembrane pressure of 0.15 MPa, feed flow
Membrane NaCl MgS04 Permeability rate of 0.04 m3/h and temperature of 20°C.
reference R(%) R(%) (m’/m2d.MPa)
The operating time of the plants was 6
hours. Permeate fluxes J(L/m2h) and solute
Dow NF-45 50 95 0.0219
retentions R(%) were determined during the
Dow NF-70 80 95 0.2309
- experiments.
172 A. Bes-Pici et al. /Desalination 149 (2002) 169-l 74
4. Results
o COD (mg/L)
Table 3 shows the average values of the 1600 t Turbidity (NTU)
textile wastewater measured parameters. In
comparison with municipal wastewater, COD
and conductivity values are quite important and
have to be substantially lowered to produce
400
water with enough quality to be reused. These
values are typical for textile effluents.
In order to reuse the water in rinse
0 L
processes, it is necessary a negligible COD and
a conductivity lower than 1 mS/cm.
Fig. 2. Influence of wastewater pH on COD and
Fig. 2 shows the variation of COD and turbiditv of treated water using 200 mg/L of DK-FER
turbidity values of the clarified water after jar- 20. -
tests using DK-FER 20. As it can be seen, the
best result (51.5% COD removal and 68%
turbidity removal) was obtained at pH 9.5, but
as the increase in the removal efficiency was 1000 50
not significant at pH higher than 8.5, this value
- czz COD (mg/L)
was considered as the optimum. In alkaline 950 - + Turbidity (NTLI) 40
5. Conclusions
Table 4
Analysis of the feed and permeate streams in the different membrane experiments
None of the membranes used in UF tests 141 LA. Balcioglu and I. Arslan, Partial oxidation of
reduced significantly the COD of the physico- reactive dyestuffs and synthetic textile dye-bath
by the 0, and 03/H202 p recesses, Water Sci.
chemically treated water. However, the
Technol., 43(2) (2001) 221-228.
permeates of NF membranes can be reused in
[51 M. Crespi, Aplicaci6n de 10s Procesos de
the industry due to their low COD and Membrana en la Industria Textil in Apuntes de1
conductivity. Curso de Membranas y Medio Ambiente,
Prior to an industrial operation, the Universidad PolitCcnica de CataluAa, Barcelona,
membrane durability and the retentate stream 1992.
management have to be studied in a NF pilot [61 ASTM. Standard practice for coagulation-
flocculation jar test of water, American Society
plant with higher membrane surface.
for Testing and Materials, 1995.
171 R. Marin, Jar-test en el tratamiento de aguas: una
valiosa herramienta. Tecnologia de1 agua, 181
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