Pd-Mat400a Manual Rev. 3.10

PD-MAT400
User’s Manual
Document Revision 3.10 January 2009
PowerPD, Inc.
Center Park Plaza
6131 Orange Thorpe Ave. Suite 260
Buena Park, CA 90620
U.S.A
Web Site: http://www.powerpd.net
PowerPD Inc. 1
System Manual
This guide contains information protected by copyright. No

part of this guide may be photocopied or reproduced in any
form without prior written consent from PowerPD, Inc. All
rights reserved printed in PowerPD, Inc.
PowerSys™:PD-MAT400 2
System Manual
Table of Contents
1. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................... 6
1.1. OVERVIEW .......................................................................................................... 6
2. PD-MAT400 SYSTEM ............................................................................................ 7
2.1. PD-MAT400A (POWERSYSTM )........................................................................ 9
2.2. SYSTEM CONFIGURATION ................................................................................. 10
3. INSTALLATION..................................................................................................... 11
3.1. HARDWARE INSTALLATION ............................................................................... 11
3.1.1. AE sensors Installation.......................................................................... 11
4. INSTALLING PD-MAT400 SOFTWARE ........................................................... 13
5. PD-MAT400 OPERATION EXPLANATION OF DETAIL FUNCTION.......... 22

5.1. AUTO MODE ...................................................................................................... 22
5.2. MANUAL LOAD .................................................................................................. 24
5.3. SETUP ............................................................................................................... 28
5.4. ALARM/FAULT MESSAGE .................................................................................. 38
5.5. DATA VIEW ....................................................................................................... 39
5.6. TEST VIEW ........................................................................................................ 44
5.6.1. Detect View ............................................................................................. 45
5.6.2. Analyze View .......................................................................................... 50
5.6.3. Trend View .............................................................................................. 53
6. HARDWARE SETTING ........................................................................................ 55
6.1. COMMUNICATION MODE & UNIT ID SETTING................................................... 55
6.2. DIP SWITCH(SW1) SETTING FOR COMMUNICATION MODE ............................. 56
6.3. DIP SWITCH (SW3) SETTING FOR UNIT ID...................................................... 57
6.3.1. RS-232 Cable Configuration ................................................................ 58
6.3.2. RS-422 Cable Configuration .................................................................... 59
6.3.3. RS-422 Daisy-chain configuration ........................................................... 60
6.4. EXTERNAL PORT............................................................................................... 62
6.4.1. Dry Contact .............................................................................................. 62
6.4.2. DC Output Port ........................................................................................ 65
6.4.3. Temperature Sensor Input Port ................................................................ 65
APPENDIX A.................................................................................................................. 66
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A. ANALYSIS OF PD SIGNALS USING THE PHASE DISTRIBUTION: ............................ 66
Figure List :
Fig. 1 PD-MAT400A......................................................................................... 9
Fig. 2 System Configuration ......................................................................... 10
Fig. 3 List of Installation Program ................................................................ 13
Fig. 4 Installation Start................................................................................... 14
Fig. 5 License Agreement............................................................................. 15
Fig. 6 Choose Destination Location ............................................................ 16
Fig. 7 Choose Folder Window...................................................................... 17
Fig. 8 Setup Type........................................................................................... 18
Fig. 9 Select Component .............................................................................. 19
Fig. 10 Exploring- PD-MAT400 .................................................................... 20
Fig. 11 PD-MAT400 main screen ................................................................ 22
Fig. 12 Schedule Time .................................................................................. 23
Fig. 13 Manual Load...................................................................................... 24
Fig. 14 Phase Graph ..................................................................................... 25
Fig. 15 Phase Group Graph ......................................................................... 26
Fig. 16 Setup Screen..................................................................................... 28
Fig. 17 CH Status Screen ............................................................................. 30
Fig. 18 Communication Port Setting ........................................................... 33
Fig. 19 Time Setting Dialog .......................................................................... 35
Fig. 20 Create transformer ........................................................................... 36
Fig. 21 Alarm/Fault Window ......................................................................... 38
Fig. 22 Data View Display............................................................................. 39
Fig. 23 Time Chart ......................................................................................... 43
Fig. 24 Test View ........................................................................................... 44
Fig. 25 Communication Mode & Unit ID Setting........................................ 55
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Fig. 26 RS-232 Cable Configuration ........................................................... 58

Fig. 27 RS-422 Cable (PC to PD-MAT400A)............................................. 59
Fig. 28 RS-422 Daisy Chain Configuration ................................................ 60
Fig. 29 RS-422 Daisy-Chain Cable Connection (1:1 Connection) ........ 61
Fig. 30 External Port...................................................................................... 62
Fig. 31 Example of Dry Contact ( Normal Status)..................................... 63
Fig. 32 Example of Dry Contact (Alarm Status) ........................................ 64
Fig. 33 Temperature Sensor Input Module....................................................... 65
Table List :
Table 1 Dip Switch(SW1) Setting for Communication mode................... 56
Table 2 Dip Switch(SW3) Setting for Unit ID ............................................. 57
Table 3 Pin description of RS-232 Connector in PC & PD-MAT400A.. 58
Table 4 Pin description of RS-422 Connector in PD-MAT400A ............. 59
Table 5 Pin description of RS-422 Input/Output Connector in PD-
MAT400A ................................................................................................ 61
Table 6 Dry Contact Status .......................................................................... 62
System Manual
1. Introduction
1.1. Overview
PD-MAT400 is a diagnostic system with capabilities to continuously
detect and monitor partial discharge (PD) signals that radiates from the
power equipment such as transformer, GIS, breaker, and contact areas of
a high voltage cable. PD-MAT400 is a cost-effective, user-friendly
diagnostic system for PD.
To maintain the efficiency and to monitor PD progression in high-power

equipment, it is important to have an early detection of PD signals using
AE sensors that provides a continuous monitoring.
PD-MAT400 system amplifies the signals detected on the sensor and

executes the signal processing. The system also digitally measures the
detected PD signals from each sensor by synchronizing them in phase-
domain, and the total pulse-count and the average amplitude are saved
on an hourly basis into a built-in memory.
Based on the data of signal measurements acquired in PD-MAT400

system, user is able to easily determine PD signals radiating from the
power equipment and its progression by following factors:
Amplitude of PD signals.
PD radiation in phases.
PD-MAT400 can provide an early warning of potential failure to minimize

lost-time and unexpected repair costs. Once a warning status is acquired
from PD-MAT400, we strongly recommend using PD-TP500A to analyze
PD waveform in detail and to find the location of PD source. Ultimately
our system reduces the rate of unexpected power failure and
maintenance costs significantly.
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2. PD-MAT400 System
PD-MAT400 system used 4 Acoustic Emission Sensor (AE Sensor)

that measures the ultrasonic signal (80Khz to 300Khz) of PD(Partial
Discharge). The system consists of the local station that process and
detects signals from 4 AE Sensors on the power equipment.
PD-MAT400 should be located on the flat ground where interference

from the sun rays, winds, and dusts can be voided as much as
possible. Connect each sensor cable connector to AE connectors on
the front panel of the unit. Connect the AC power and turn the switch
on.
The communication mode allows the user to get complete access to

measured data, and the ability to download and monitor PD(Partial
Discharge) patterns on office PC remotely.
Functions
Control setting value for each channel

Data analysis
-PD burst signal detection by analyzing frequency
-Analysis of phase distribution of the measured PD signal
-Automatic noise level detection
Data management
- Pulse and amplitude management per phase
- Management and display the measured data on a yearly
monthly, weekly, or daily basis
- Graphical User interface (2D/3D graph display)
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Specifications
Number of Channel: 4 AE Ch.

Sensors: Acoustic Emission (AE) Freq: 80KHz-300KHz
Up to one month of data storage possible.
Communication
-RS-232: (Baud Rate: 19200 bps, Length: 50 ft)
-RS-422: (Baud Rate: 19200 bps, Length: 3000 ft, Daisy Chain
Link: Up to 32)
-MODEM: (Baud Rate: 1200 bps, Protocol: Bell 212A/103)
Power Requirement: 110/220V, 50/60Hz, 1A, 0.5A
Size: 8.7” x 8.1” x 3.1”
Weight: 5kg
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2.1. PD-MAT400A (PowerSysTM )
②
③
④
⑤
⑨
⑥
⑦
⑧
Fig. 1: PD-MAT400A
① Status Display
② Gain Selection Switch
③ Power Switch
④ External In/Output Port(Dry contact, DC Output,
Temperature Sensor Input)
⑤ AE Sensor Input Port(BNC, 4 Channel)
⑥ RS-232/RS-422 Input Port (D-sub 9 Pin)
⑦ RS-422 Output Port(D-sub 9Pin )
⑧ Modem Port
⑨ 110 ~ 220V AC Power In
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2.2. System configuration
Fig. 2: System Configuration
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3. Installation
3.1. Hardware Installation
3.1.1. AE sensors Installation
AE sensor is to be installed in the

following order :
a. The position of the sensor installation

should be decided based on the most
possible PD generating spot from inside of the target equipment.
b. AE sensor should be installed to the flat surface free from any

debris so that the sensor surface is directly attached to the
surface of the target.
c. Apply gelled glycerin in 1mm thickness to the target surface
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when attaching the sensor and be cautious not to create air

bubble in between. Since the strength of AE wave can be
attenuated significantly going through the air, even a little gap,
especially an air gap, between the target surface and the sensor
surface can be a significant factor in detecting faint AE wave
generating from PD inside of the target.
d. Connect the BNC connector with RG-58 cable to AE sensor

firstly, and then attach the communication surface of AE sensor
to the vacuum grease applied surface of target, and stabilize the
sensor using magnetic holder provided with the sensor.
e. AE sensor installation is completed when the other connector

of the cable that's connected to the sensor connects to the AE
Sensor connector of the Local Station.
CAUTION 1 : When the magnetic holder is in use for a long period

of time, the magnets can be weakened due to the outside
influences, thus causing the movements of the sensor. We
recommend that you may use extra fastening device to stabilize
the sensor in addition to the magnetic holder. If there is only a
magnetic holder attached, check the attachment periodically to
maintain the initial installation status.
CAUTION 2 : When installing AE sensor in the outside, take care to

prevent any moisture such as rain to enter into the connector that
connects the sensor and the cable. When the moisture gets into
the connector, the signal detection will be significantly decreased
from the sensor. The increased moisture can cause damage to
AE channel of the Local Station connected to the sensor.
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4. Installing PD-MAT400 software
STEP 1 : PD-MAT400 Windows installation CD into your CD-

ROM driver. Click CD driver icon and you will see a list of program
(see Fig. 3). Now open up ‘Install' file('Application') by double
clicking on its icon, the 'Setup' will appear (see Fig. 4). Click NEXT
at this window.
Fig. 3: List of Installation Program
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STEP 2 : You will see a License Agreement (see Fig. 5) for PD-
MAT400.
Fig. 4: Installation Start
Note: If you plan to replace an older version of PD-MAT400

software with a newer version, it is recommended that you
first uninstall the older version of PD-MAT400 software
before continuing.
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STEP 3 : When you agree, then click ‘Yes’ to continue the PD-
MAT400 windows installation.
You can choose the folder for destination location in which you
want the PD-MAT400 installed. We suggest you use the default
folder as the destination location.
Fig. 5: License Agreement
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STEP 4 : To install to a different folder, click ‘Browse’ and select

another folder (see Fig. 7).
When you click the 'OK' button after checking the folder or 'Cancel'
button, returned to Fig. 6 As you are sure the destination folder,
click ‘NEXT’ button. You will go to window to select the setup type
(see Fig. 8).
Fig. 6: Choose Destination Location
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Fig. 7 Choose Folder Window
STEP 5 : There are three types such as 'Typical', 'Compact',

'Custom', to install the PD-MAT400 software. Each of the setup
types is such as followings:
Typical will install the execution files needed to run the PD-
MAT400 program, DLLs, and Database.
Compact is same as the 'Typical' type.
Custom will install the files only in which user selects

installation group.
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Select the type, and then click the ‘Next’ button to go on.
Program will start to install all files you choose. But when you select
'Custom' type and then click the ‘Next’ button, will go into Fig. 9
You should select the file group in this window, and click the Next
button to go on.
Fig. 8: Setup Type
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Each file in the 'Custom' type is such as followings:
Program Files: Group includes the execution files of PD-

MAT400.
Example Files: It contains no data.
Help Files: Not provided
Shared DLLs: DLL files execute PD-MAT400.
Fig. 9: Select Components
STEP 6: After finishing the PD-MAT400 installation, you will see
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the folders and files installed under the destination folder in the
Windows Explorer (Fig. 10).
PD-MAT400 consists of directories (folders) and files shown as

below Fig. 10.
Fig. 10: Exploring- PD-MAT400A
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Database: A directory, which has the stored data.
MATData: A directory which has data files acquired when you click
on ‘Data Request’ button in 'Test' screen or during 'Auto' mode.
PD-MAT400.exe: A program file to execute PD-MAT400.
When you see Fig. 10, the initial Program installation of PD-
MAT400 is completed. Next step is to install MSODBC for the
database.
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5. PD-MAT400 Operation Explanation of detail

function
Fig. 11: PD-MAT400 main screen
5.1. Auto Mode

The function of auto mode (shown in Fig. 11) is to acquire data from
each sensor automatically at specified time intervals, and measured
data are stored in database. Auto mode measures the PD signal from
selected sensors in every selected minute in the Min text box of Fig. 12. Also
measured data is saved and stored data can be analyzed in Data View. The
auto is performed according to the parameters setting in the SetUp
screen. Make sure all parameters in setup are set as per your
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requirements. Auto mode with Modem communication allows you to

remotely monitor PD status and access to the measure data from
your office. Click on the AUTO START button. Then screen shown
in Fig. 12 is displayed and enters the time period [Min] to be
measured automatically.
Fig. 12: Schedule Time Setting
The data will only be shown in this dialog box if the On button
under status is pressed in the setup dialog box. Auto function
measures only the sensor which status is set as On in the SetUp
screen. If none of sensor’s status is On, it will not measure at all.
When running the Auto mode, two kinds of measurement are
performed. Firstly, the Current Data Req. of the Manual Load
screen is performed in every selected minute. Secondly, the Data
Request of the Test screen is performed in every selected minute if
the Test screen is activated. To be more specific, click on the button
labeled Test in the main screen and close the screen. Then the Test
screen is activated.
For example, if the user sets the time period as 10 minutes, auto
performs PD signal measurement in every 10 minutes. Also, it saves
measured data in Database during auto mode. In auto mode, the
measured data of the sensor signal in Test screen will be saved once
per hour operation time under the path of ‘C:\Program Files\PD-
MAT400\MATData’. The measured data can be viewed by clicking
on the Data Load button in the Test screen. After click on the button,
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a dialog will be appeared. On this dialog, the selected data will be

displayed on screen.
Also, the measured data can be viewed on the Data View screen for
analysis. It is important to remember that the data will only be shown
in this dialog box if the On is pressed in the Setup dialog box.
5.2. Manual Load
① ②
Fig. 13: Manual Load Screen
In this section we will provide you with a quick start guide to explain
the display that PD-MAT400 provides in this section. Click on the
button labeled MANUAL START of main screen. Manual Load display
data received from PD-MAT400 and the data consists of 12-group
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phase in 30 degrees. Furthermore, the Manual Load has a function

that calls the phase group data from the PD-MAT400. The PD-
MAT400 needs at least one hour for the measured data to be saved
in the PD-MAT400 system thus the data will be available after one
hour of operation time. Knowing this fact is very important because if
you request the measured data less than an hour of operation, you
will not get any data from the PD-MAT400 system.
The Manual Load displays the values of pulse and amplitude in

phase per group.
Fig. 14: Phase VS PPS (Amplitude) Graph in Manual Load screen
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As shown in Fig. 14, it shows the number of PD pulses and the

average of amplitude related to phase by receiving the measured
data from the PD-MAT400.
Fig. 15: Phase Group Graph
Fig. 15 Phase Group Graph shows Fig. 14 with the unit of 30 degrees
and this can be seen on top of the Manual Load dialog box.
Fig. 15 Phase Group Graph shows in the Manual Load screen.
Manual Load Operation

The transformer name, that is same selected communication
from the setup screen, is displayed in a combo box. Select a
transformer name and channel that you will request the data
from and this allows you to connect to PD-MAT400 with the
selected communication mode.
You can acquire the data by clicking on the button labeled
Current Data Req. or Hourly Data Req. Before acquiring the
data, you should ensure that you have prepared a correct
setup of parameter information in the Setup screen. Then the
data are received from PD-MAT400 system, and all received
data is saved on the Database. While the measured data is
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transmitted from the PD-MAT400, a progressive bar (Red box

in Fig. 13) indicating the degree of transmission of data is
displayed. The stored data can be analyzed in Data View
button of main screen. The different between Current Data
Req. and Hourly Data Req. is explained below.
The Current Data Req. button allows you to access the
middle of measured data before the passage of one hour of
operation time. In other word, you can request the current
data from PD-MAT400 system without waiting an hour of
operation time.
The Hourly Data Req. requires at least one hour of
operation time to get the measured data. You should
request the measured data after one hour of operation time,
which means turn on the PD-MAT400 system for at least
one-hour period.
※ When the progressive bar stops suddenly while the

measured pulse and amplitude data are receiving from the
PD-MAT400 equipment, the operator should wait for couple
seconds. After couple seconds, pulse and amplitude data
are receiving from the PD-MAT400 equipment
automatically.
Disconnect with communication by clicking on the button labeled

Stop under main screen after requesting all the data. This allows
you to disconnect from PD-MAT400 with the selected
communication.
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5.3. Setup
The setup screen sets up the information from the installed PD-
MAT400 and communication mode. All of information and acquired
conditions of data are maintained and determined by setup in the PD-
MAT400 system. The setup screen was designed so that commonly
used parameters are readily accessible. Make sure all the following
parameters are set as per your requirements.
Fig. 16: Setup Screen
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Contents of Table (○
1 of Fig.16)
Transformer (TR) Name: Display the name of installed PD-

MAT400.
Transformer ID: PD-MAT400 equipment designated unique ID
and the unique ID issued by the equipment
setting. If the same ID is designated, the
problem occurs in communication. Therefore,
equipment ID must designate specific number,
which is identical with an equipment setting.
To setup a Transformer ID in the equipment,
please refer to hardware setting section.
Display:
Locate the mouse cursor under Display column on the table ○ 1.

The On button is pressed if Fig. 17 (CH Status Screen) should
be visible on the main screen. If not, the OFF button is
pressed.
When the OFF button is pressed, Fig. 17 (CH Status
Screen) should be invisible on the main screen.
When the ON button is pressed, Fig. 17 (CH Status
Screen) should be visible on the main screen.
User can vary the position of the status screen on the main
screen. The lamp icon of Fig. 17 on the main screen will
indicate alarm status in red color when the detected PD pulse
count exceeds the designated count value that is set at a
column of table ○1 for each channel. The PP is referred total
pulse count, and AT is referred to the maximum amplitude.
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Fig. 17: CH Status Screen
Temperature Range:
Temperature sensor is installed inside of Transformer and
user must set up temperature range properly. Apply 4-20mA
inputs current into positive temperature into temperature
terminal. Set the minimum and maximum temperature range
for 4-20mA temperature board in the temperature table by
clicking on button. After enter your temperature range and
then select the temperature display unit on the Celsius or
Fahrenheit. This allows temperature value to be converted
automatically according selected temperature unit.
CH: Channel number of PD-MAT400.
Status (Auto Mode Status):
1.
Locate the mouse cursor under Status column on the table ○
The On button is pressed if it is an automatically measured
device, if not the OFF button is pressed.
When the OFF button is pressed, PD-MAT400 will not
process the selected transformer during auto mode.
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When the ON button is pressed, PD-MAT400 will

process on the selected transformer during auto mode.
PD Detect (PPS):
PD Detect indicates Alarm value PPS (pulse per second) in
software.
If measured pulse count per second exceeds a defined pulse
count in Setup screen, it is considered to be in alarm state.
From the status dialog, the alarm button will turn red.
(Clicking on the red button will cause an Alarm screen to be
displayed containing the detailed description of alarm event.)
Clicking on the button will cause a parameter setting
dialog box to be displayed containing the parameter setting of
PD-MAT400 system. Set up the parameters information.
After you click on the OK button, the new parameters
information is updated in the table ○
1 .
Threshold (mV):
Set up the value of threshold level in the PD-MAT400. Select
the threshold level in mV and the threshold level is a very
important parameter in measuring PD pulse. The threshold
level should be set to optimize the conditions of system
installation and environment for measurement accuracy.
Clicking on the button will cause a parameter setting
dialog box to be displayed containing the parameter setting of
PD-MAT400 system. Set up the parameters information.
After you click on the OK button, the new parameters
information is updated in the table ○
1 .
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Envelop Time (uS)

Set up the envelope detection time in PD-MAT400 (uS).
(Please refer to PD Signal Handling Algorithm Section at the
end of manual).
The acoustic signal that generates from PD has a short
burst (less than 500uS), and mechanical signal (noise)
generally has a long burst pattern. Therefore, MAT400A
distinguishes PD signals from the noise by applying noise
separation method (=Signal Handling Algorithm). When the
envelope signal is longer than the set value in the Envelop
Detection Time Text Box, we interpret the signal as false
signal. Clicking on the button will cause a parameter
setting dialog box to be displayed containing the parameter
setting of PD-MAT400 system. Set up the parameters
information. After you click on the OK button, the new
parameters information is updated in the table ○
1 .
Description:
Write down the comment about PD-MAT400 system.
Communication Port Set (○

2 of Fig.16)
As shown in Fig. 18, a Communication Port Setting dialog box displays

when you click on the Communication Port Set button in Fig. 16. Set up
Fig. 18 as shown as below after install the PD-MAT400 program.
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Fig. 18: Communication Port Setting
RS-232 (○
1 of Fig. 18)
RS-232 can be used for short distances, and it allows only two
devices to communicate. A converter to RS-422 is added for
longer distance communication.
In order to use RS-232 communication, you must change the
jumper setting inside of PD-MAT400 equipment. Please refer to
hardware setting. Note that RS-232 is default setting.
Port: Select the port name where RS-232 cable is connected.
Baud rate: Communication speed, which is fixed at 19200.
RS-422 (○
3 of Fig. 18)
With RS-422 communication, data can be transmitted over great

distance (to 1.2Km) and at very high speed (to 10Mbps). A RS-
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232 allows only two devices to communicate where a RS-422

allows multi devices to communicate. PD-MAT400 provides daisy
chain up to 32 equipments with RS-422. For more information
regarding daisy-chain configuration, please refer to Hardware
setting at the end of manual. In order to use RS-422
communication, you must change the jumper setting inside of PD-
MAT400 equipment. Please refer to hardware setting.
Port: Select the port name where RS-422 cable is connected.

Baud rate: Communication speed, which is fixed at 19200.
Modem (○2 of Fig. 18)
As shown in Fig. 18, a Modem Port Setting dialog box displays

when you click on the Communication Port Set button in Fig. 18.
The modem option permits remote access to the measured data.
A very nice feature of PD-MAT400 is the ability to communicate
with the modem. Set up Fig. 13 as shown as below after install
the PD-MAT400 program. With modem communication, Baud rate
parameter set by default in the program.
Port: Click the port name where modem is installed.
Phone Number: In the case that you detect automatically
using the Modem mode, insert the measured
device’s telephone number in its place.
Comm. Mode (○
4 of Fig. 18)
Click “Manual Start” or “Auto Start” from the Main Menu

to connect to the communication mode.
Time Set (○
3 of Fig.16)
Click “Time Set” button to display the screen in Fig. 16.

After click on the Time Set button, the screen shown in Fig. 19
should be displayed.
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○
1
Fig. 19: Time Setting Dialog
When you click on the button called Time Loading, the

current time and date of PD-MAT400 are loaded from the PD-
MAT400 system. This function allows us to know the current
time setting of PD-MAT400 system. On the other hand, if you
want to change set up time and date of PD-MAT400 system
as you selected on box (shown in Fig. 11), click on the
button labeled as Time Setting. The selected time and date
will be displayed on digital clock. If the time and date
displayed on the digital clock is correct, click on the button
called Transmit. The time and date are set in the PD-
MAT400 system.
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Create (○
4 of Fig.16)
Create operation is designed to create a group of

transformer which consists of maximum of 4 connected
channels.
Fig. 20: Create transformer
Ext: Check if you use the extension line.
See beginning of section 5.3 for more information on parameter

setting.
Make sure all parameters in Create are set as per your

requirements. Once you have entered these details, click on the
OK button to apply the new setting to PD-MAT400 system. After
you click on the OK button, the selected information is created in
1.
the table ○
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Delete (○
5 of Fig.16)
Delete is used for deleting the setup information of the PD-

MAT400. The delete operation is used to delete a group of
selected transformer and all channels belonging to the
selected transformer will be deleted permanently at once.
Locate the mouse cursor at any channels belong to
1 that you want to delete, and click
transformer on the table ○
on Delete button. It will appear Delete confirmation window,
as it is shown in the following figure.
Edit (○
6 of Fig.16)
The Edit is used for editing the setup information of the PD-
MAT400. The edit operation is used to change parameter
information of a group of selected transformer. Once you
have edited parameters, click on the OK button to apply the
new setting to PD-MAT400 system. After you click on the OK
button, the new parameters information is updated in the table
1.
○
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5.4. Alarm/Fault Message
Fig. 21: Alarm/Fault Window
In this section, we provide you with detailed description of Alarm and

Fault event separately. The PD-MAT400 saves the detailed description
and time of the Alarm or Fault that generates during running operation.
Click the ‘Fault’ button in the main menu, and a Fig. 21 shows messages,
which appear when the button ‘Fault’ is pressed. In order to see the
detailed description of Fault event, the operator needs to press on the
View button. Delete All function allows deleting all the saved Alarm/Fault
record permanently. When the saved records get larger, it is designed to
remove past data by clicking on button. Click Close if operator wants to
close the Fault window.
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5.5. Data View

Data view analyzes stored PD data with selected time period such as
Latest Data, Week data, Month Data, and Year Data. Data view
screen shows PD data's trend measured from the PD-MAT400 system
in 2D/3D graphic. Pulse and amplitude data per phase is shown in 30°
interval (0°∼360°) in the following 12 steps: 0-29°, 30-59°, 60-89°,
90°∼119°, 120°∼149°, 150°∼179°, 180°∼209°, 210°∼239°,
240°∼269°, 270°∼299°, 300°∼329°, 330°∼359°. Select TR name
and channel to view stored data in the TR. Name text box. Click on
the button ④ and select your time period. After select your time period,
click on the button labeled View. For example, the saved very
previous month’s data is displayed on table ⑤ for the Month Data
selection.
Fig. 22: Data View Display
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Latest Data
Click on the button and select the Latest Data option. Then
click on the View button. The Latest Data shows saved data of
very previous month from the defined date(the box ) in hour unit.
During very previous month of selected setting date period, all the
measured data for the selected transformer and channel is
displayed in a table. Detailed information can be found that help to
analyze and to identify PD signal in daily basis data.
Week Data
Click on the button and select the Week Data option. Then click
on the button labeled View. Week data shows all the data for the
very previous week in day unit and is updated on a weekly basis.
System Manual
From the Fig. 22 data view's graph ○

1 is synchronized at 60
Hz to show the relationship between PD signal's phase and

pulse distribution related to amplitude in 2D. The main
purpose of the graph ○ 1 is to show the pulse distribution
related to amplitude. According to recent research regarding

PD signal patterns, PD signal usually detected at rising and
falling of 60Hz phase. Based on this research, you can
analyze the stored PD patterns and the progression tendency
of PD signal can be analyzed through this graph. Through
this graph, the progression of PD signal can be analyzed.
Moreover, regular occurrences of PD pulse related to the
phase and its continuous increase indicates the PD
generating within the transformer.
According to the pulse count, color is changed as following.
0-50: Gray
50-240: Green
240-480: Yellow
480-1200: Pink
1200 Over: RED
Graph ○2 in Fig. 22 displays the number of pulse per phase.

This graph shows the pulse count in relation to the phase. On
this graph, ‘x’ axis shows measured date, and ‘y’ axis shows
12 group phase in 30 degrees interval. ‘Z’ axis shows the
average pulse count of each measured date. Vertical and
horizontal cursors are designed to highlight selected portions
of the 3D graph so that a zoom in and out operation can be
performed. Successful zoom-in operations allow the user to
System Manual
examine data in greater detail. Through this graph, the

progression of PD signal can be analyzed. Moreover,
regular occurrences of PD pulse related to the phase and
its continuous increase indicates the PD generating
within the transformer. The steep increase of the pulse
count indicates the transformer in alarm status.
Graph ○
3 in Fig. 22 Data View displays the value of Amplitude
per Phase. This graph shows the relationship between the

phase and amplitude distribution related to the measured date.
On this graph, ‘x’ is referred measured date, and ‘y’ axis
indicates phase in 30 degrees intervals from 0 to 360 degrees.
‘Z’ axis shows the amplitude. Vertical and horizontal cursors
are designed to highlight selected portions of the 3D graph so
that a zoom in and out operation can be performed.
Successful zoom-in operations allow the user to examine data
in greater detail. When regular occurrences of PD pulse
related to the phase is detected on the graph ○ 2, then the
3 indicates
steep increase of the amplitude on the graph ○
the PD generating within the transformer.
Month Data
Month Data shows very previous month from the defined date(the
box ) in day unit and is updated on a monthly basis. Click on the
button and select Month Data option. Then click on the button
labeled View. This function performs exactly same as Week Data
request except that it has additional function which is to display
Time chart as shown in Fig. 23. Firstly, click on the combo box
labeled “3D Chart” and then select “Time Chart” from the shortcut
menu. It will show selected current mode in combo box. Select
System Manual
CH number and then click on the button labeled Chart View. The
measured data for the selected channel data will be displayed on
the chart as shown in Fig. 23 The Time Chart is used for showing
the Pulse’s trend related to measured date.
Select the 3D Chart on combo box and this displays the graphs
same as in Fig. 22.
Fig. 23 Time Chart
Year Data
Click on the button and select the Year Data option. Then click
on the button labeled View. Year data shows all measured data
for the selected transformer and channel in day unit and is
updated on a yearly basis. Displaying data may take a while to
load from database due to a yearly basis data. One of the most
useful features of this data view is to display overall data trend
over past 365days from the selected date. Detailed information
can be found in monthly, weekly, and the latest data mode and
that help to analyze and identify the PD signal.
System Manual
5.6. Test view

In this section we will provide you with a quick start guide to getting
PD-MAT400 setting and testing. Also, we will explain the display that
PD-MAT400 provides. Test screen has similar functions as section 5.2
Manual Load. However, Test screen can display pulse count and
amplitude data within 360 degree in .5-degree unit interval. To be
more specific, we provide more detailed data to user so that the user
can analyzes the measured data in detail.
Fig. 24 Test View
System Manual
Selection of View Mode (○

2 of Fig. 24)
DetectView: Shows the raw data detected from the

equipment in PD Pulse Count and Amplitude per Phase.
AnalyzeView: Shows the data computed in QM (Quality
Maximum magnitude)/NQN (Normalize Quantity Number)
parameters in 2D and 3D.
TrendView: Shows the Trend of QM/NQN data that are
saved in DB per time, date, and month.
5.6.1. Detect View

Operation
Communication link
Click on the button labeled MANUAL START of main screen, and
then Fig. 11 is displayed. When the operator clicks on Manual
Start button of main screen, a communication menu screen
will appear to select communication mode. From the
communication menu, position the cursor where the desired
mode to be selected. Connect to the communication by
clicking on the button labeled OK. This allows you to connect
to PD-MAT400 with the selected communication. After select
your communication mode, click on the button labeled Test of main
screen and then Fig. 24 is displayed.
Note: If you have done this process before, it is recommended that

you skip the communication link and continuing the operation
in the Test screen.
System Manual
Choose the TR name and CH number from combo and this

allows you to connect to PD-MAT400 with the selected
communication mode.
Threshold Set
Enter the threshold level in mV of the signal to be counted in
PD pulse from the sensor signal. The threshold level is a
very important parameter in measuring PD pulse. Threshold
levels should be set to optimize the conditions of system and
environment for higher accuracy measurement.
Threshold Set is used to set up the PD-Signal’s threshold
level in the PD-MAT400 system or to receive the current set
values. (The Threshold set is same as Threshold setting in
Setup screen.)
Alarm Set
Set up the alarm detection level in PD-MAT400. (%)
For more information, refer to PD Signal Handling Algorithm
Section.
Envelop Detection Time Set
Set up the envelope detection time in PD-MAT400. (uS)
Please refer to PD Signal Handling Algorithm Section at the
end of manual. (The Envelop Detection Time Set is same as
Envelop time setting in Setup screen.)
When envelope signal longer than the value in the Envelop
Detection Time Set text box, then we interpret the signal as
false signal.
System Manual
Click on Parameter Load button

The current setting values of PD-MAT400 system will be
displayed in the Threshold Set, Alarm Set, and Envelop
Detection Time Set text box.
Click on Parameter Save button
If you want to change setting values of PD-MAT400 system
remotely, you can change the setting to different values.
Enter the each value in the appropriate text box. Once you
have entered these details, click on the Parameter Save
button to apply the setting to PD-MAT400 system. Click on
Auto Threshold Detect button
Clicking on the Auto Threshold Detect button will allow PD-
MAT400 system to monitor threshold level and setting the
detected threshold level for all channel automatically. This
function does monitoring and adjusts threshold level
automatically to any variations. Click on Auto Threshold
Detect button. Once transference and reception process are
completed, a successfully completed message will be
appeared. You make sure that parameters have been
updated as a successfully update message appears.
Version Info
Inform the version of the PD-MAT400 system.
Click on Temp. Request button
We provide you with a current temperature of inside
transformer and displayed in the Current Temp. box in [F] or
[C] unit. Temperature sensor is used to measure
transformer’s temperature and temperature is loaded with a
System Manual
specified temperature range that defined in the SetUp screen.

Also, the unit can be selected in the setup screen.
Click on Data Request button

This is the main function of this dialog. Data Request is
designed to request pulse count and amplitude data within
360 degree in .5-degree unit interval. Here all data received
is displayed on both graph and chart. Optionally when you
check on the Continuity and then click on Data Request
button, the measured data are received from PD-MAT400
system continuously. While the measured data is transmitted
from the PD-MAT400, a progressive bar (Red box in Fig. 24)
indicating the degree of transmission of data is displayed.
Also, data received is saved once per hour of operation time
on the MATData folder so that you can get accessed to save
data by clicking on the Data Load button. Under the
MATData directory, the received data is saved as following
format.
Transformer Name – Channel Number - Year – Month –
Day – Hour – Minute – Second
※ When the progressive bar stops suddenly while the
measured pulse and amplitude data are receiving from the
PD-MAT400 equipment, the operator should wait for couple
seconds. After couple seconds, pulse and amplitude data
are receiving from the PD-MAT400 equipment automatically.
Click on Data Load button

All measured data can be saved, read, and analyzed. After
click on Data Load button, a dialog will be displayed. On the
System Manual
dialog, choose the directory and file called ‘MATData’, and

click ‘Open’ button. The selected data will be displayed on
screen.
Click on Data Clear button

All measured data is clear at the PD-MAT400 system
remotely. After you have completely changed parameters
setting such as threshold level, envelope detection time, it is
recommended that you first click on Data Clear button before
perform other functions.\
Double click on a row with measured data on the chart of

Fig. 24, the selected data’s graph is displayed accordingly.
In order to disconnect the communication link, click on the

Manual Stop button in the main screen.
System Manual
5.6.2. Analyze View
Fig. 25 Analyze View

Operation
1 of Fig. 25): Shows the data of Φ(phase)-
Φ -q-n chart ( ○
q(amplitude)-n(pulse per seconds).
2 of Fig. 25): Shows QM/NQN data in Positive
NQN chart (○
phase (0-180°)와 Negative phase (181-360°).
3 of Fig.
Data List (○
Date/Time: The date and time of Raw Data.

Equip. Name: Name of equipment selected in “Setup”.
System Manual
Total Pulse Count: The total pulse count of Raw Data.

QM (pos/neg): The QM values of each sensor are shown in
Positive Phase and Negative Phase.
NQN (pos/neg): The NQN values of each sensor are
shown in Positive Phase and Negative Phase.
DataType: Shows the measurement mode of Raw Data:
“Auto mode” or “Manual Mode”.
FileName: Shows the file name of Raw Data. This Data
File is located under the directory of “PD-MAT400”,
“MATData” folder.
Search ( ○
4 of Fig. 25): Selects the date, equipment, and
channel.
5 of Fig. 25): Search of setting (search ○
Search Button (○ 4 )
from DB.
6 of Fig. 25): Clears the searched result
Data Clear Button(○
on display (Data will not be deleted).
System Manual
Fig. 26 NQN Chart
The Qm (Quality Maximum magnitude) is the maximized size of PD

radiating from the insulation material shown in parameters to determine
the condition of deterioration and its progression. The NQN (Normalized
Quantity Number) is a standardized average space of PD’s size and
quantity that shows the total value of active PD during a certain period,
which is used to analyze the status of oil deterioration.
System Manual
5.6.3. Trend View
Fig. 27 Trend View
Operation
1 of Fig. 27): Shows (search option ○4) the QM
QM Graph (○
value in Positive Phase and Negative Phase.
2 of Fig. 27): Shows (search option ○
NQN Graph (○ 4 ) the NQN
value in Positive Phase and Negative Phase.
System Manual
Data List (○
3 of Fig. 27): The following list is under the Search
Option ○
4
No.: The number of data.

Equip. Name: The name of equipment with data.
CH: The channel of data.
Color: The color showing which data.
Data Type: Shows the QM/NQN values in Positive Phase
and Negative Phase.
Other Value: Shows the data in time, date, and month.
4 of Fig. 27): Selects the data of date,
Range of Search (○
equipment, channel, and data group per time, date, and
month. Shows all of search result or only the selected data.
5 of Fig. 27): Search option; data is searched
Search Button (○
from DB.
6 of Fig. 27): Clears the searched result.
Data Clear Button (○
(Data will not be deleted)
System Manual
6. HARDWARE SETTING
6.1. Communication mode & Unit ID setting
Operator can change communication method either RS-232 or

RS-422 by DIP switch (SW1) setting. The DIP Switch (SW1) are
needed to designate which communication is used. Turn your
system power off and remove your top cover. Operator should
carefully place jumper shunts specified in the Fig. 25 below.
Fig. 28 Communication Mode & Unit ID Setting
System Manual
6.2. Dip Switch(SW1) Setting for Communication mode

A dip switch(SW1) setting is required for setting
Communication mode. According to Table 1 shown below,
please set the dip switch to ‘OFF’, the down position or to
‘ON’, the high position.
Dip SW(SW1) # RS-232 RS-422

1 OFF ON
2 OFF ON
3 OFF ON
4 OFF ON
5 ON OFF
6 ON OFF
7 ON OFF
8 ON OFF
Table 1 Dip Switch(SW1) Setting for Communication mode
System Manual
6.3. Dip Switch (SW3) Setting for Unit ID

A dip switch (SW3) setting is required for setting unit ID. According
to Table 2 shown below, please set the dip switch (SW3) to ‘0’, the
down position or to ‘1’, the high position.
DIP SW(SW 3) #
Unit ID
4 3 2 1
0 0 0 0 1(Default)
0 0 0 1 2
0 0 1 0 3
0 0 1 1 4
0 1 0 0 5
0 1 0 1 6
0 1 1 0 7
0 1 1 1 8
1 0 0 0 9
1 0 0 1 10
1 0 1 0 11
1 0 1 1 12
1 1 0 0 13
1 1 0 1 14
1 1 1 0 15
1 1 1 1 16
Table 2 Dip Switch (SW3) Setting for Unit ID
System Manual
Communication configuration
6.3.1. RS-232 Cable Configuration
Fig. 29 RS-232 Cable Configuration
Pin No. Signal Name In/Out

1 NC -
2 RXD In
3 TXD Out
4 NC -
5 GND -
6 NC -
7 NC -
8 NC -
9 NC -
Table 3 Pin description of RS-232 Connector in PC & PD-MAT400A
System Manual
6.3.2. RS-422 Cable Configuration
Fig. 30 RS-422 Cable (PC to PD-MAT400A)
Pin No. Signal Name In/Out

1 NC -
2 TX+ Output
3 RX+ Input
4 NC -
5 GND -
6 NC -
7 TX- Output
8 RX- Input
9 NC -
Table 4 Pin description of RS-422 Connector in PD-MAT400A
System Manual
6.3.3. RS-422 Daisy-chain configuration
RS-232 can be used for short distances, and it allows only two
devices to communicate. A converter to RS-422 is added for longer
distance communication and it allows multi communication. A daisy
chain, which is a number of PC and multiple devices, are connected to
each other in a series. When devices are daisy chained to a PC, the
first device of in port must connect to the PC with terminal connector.
The second device of in port is connected to the first device’s out port
as shown in Figure below. Signals are passed through the daisy-
chained devices from one device to the next since each device has its
own unique ID.
Fig. 31 RS-422 Configuration (Daisy Chain)
System Manual
Fig. 32 RS-422 Daisy-Chain Cable Connection (1:1 Connection)
PD-MAT400A UART Port

Pin No.
Input (female) Output(male)
1 NC NC
2 TX+ TX+
3 RX+ RX+
4 NC NC
5 GND GND
6 NC NC
7 TX- TX-
8 RX- RX-
9 NC NC
Table 5 Pin description of RS-422 Input/Output Connector in PD-

MAT400A
System Manual
6.4. External Port

Consists of temperature sensor input port and +5V DC output port that
monitors the temperature change of equipment and the dry contact for
external alarm, which exceeds the allowed PD set by the user.
Fig. 33 External Port
6.4.1. Dry Contact
Shows the Alarm status when the value exceeds the user’s set-up
value. The Dry Contact under “Normal” keeps the “Open” status and
changes from “Open”(=Normal) to “Short”(=Alarm) under the alarm
status of PPS and distribution rate (%)
Status Dry Contact (A,B)
Normal Open
Alarm Close
Table 6 Dry Contact Status
Relay Contact Specification
Switching voltage, Max : 200 VDC

Contact Rating, Max : 10W
Switching current, Max : 0.5A
System Manual
Example A : Normal Status
Status of Dry Contact (A, B) : Open
Fig. 34 Example of Dry Contact ( Normal Status)
System Manual
Example B : Alarm Status
Status of Dry Contact (A, B) : Closed
Fig. 35 Example of Dry Contact (Alarm Status)
System Manual
6.4.2. DC Output Port
Supplies +5V DC power.
6.4.3. Temperature Sensor Input Port
Takes input of external temperature (oil or winding) of 4mA-20mA to

monitor the temperature change.
Fig. 36 Temperature Sensor Input Module
System Manual
Appendix A
A. Analysis of PD signals using the Phase Distribution:
The method of PD Signal Handling Algorithm applied to PD-
MAT400 is the way of using a characteristic that is to gather the
data based on specific phase distribution of PD Signal
Characteristics of PD signal (Acoustic Signal):
Burst waveform: less than 500uS
Band width of 80Khz – 300Khz
Synchronized AC Cycle shown in the Phase with pattern.
PD signals are separated from the noise patterns and
analyzed using synchronized AC cycle with Phase.
Characteristic of Noise Signal
Generally have characteristics of wide-range of frequency with
random signals (no pattern: e.g., sand or rain hitting the
transformer tank)
The noise signals are filtered through H/W and BPF.
From the “Setup” Menu, PD levels are selected for each channel
to distinguish PD signals from the noise.
For analysis, the study of detected data (burst pattern, phase
distribution, frequency range, etc.) will provide more accuracy.
The analysis of Phase Distribution is computed in the following
method:
The 0-360 Phase is divided into 12 groups, each group counting
the PD Pulse (PD[n]) , n= Group index (0,1,2….,11) and
computing PD Distribution on the overall Pulse Count. See
below:
System Manual
Theoretical equation as :
This allows an “Alarm” to activate when PPS and PDDistribue exceed the
ranges set up by the operator. (Refer to 5.3, 6.5.1) For the convenience,
PDDistribute is shown in percentage (%) and can be set-up in the range of
0% - 95%. The default value of Alarm is set at 20% or above of the
probability of PD occurrence. The default value of the alarm detection
level (%) can be changed from the Set-up Menu.

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PD-MAT400

Document Revision 3.10 January 2009

This guide contains information protected by copyright. No

5. PD-MAT400 OPERATION EXPLANATION OF DETAIL FUNCTION.......... 22

A. ANALYSIS OF PD SIGNALS USING THE PHASE DISTRIBUTION: ............................ 66

Fig. 26 RS-232 Cable Configuration ........................................................... 58

To maintain the efficiency and to monitor PD progression in high-power

PD-MAT400 system amplifies the signals detected on the sensor and

Based on the data of signal measurements acquired in PD-MAT400

PD-MAT400 can provide an early warning of potential failure to minimize

PD-MAT400 system used 4 Acoustic Emission Sensor (AE Sensor)

PD-MAT400 should be located on the flat ground where interference

The communication mode allows the user to get complete access to

Control setting value for each channel

Number of Channel: 4 AE Ch.

2.1. PD-MAT400A (PowerSysTM )

2.2. System configuration

Fig. 2: System Configuration

3.1. Hardware Installation

3.1.1. AE sensors Installation

AE sensor is to be installed in the

a. The position of the sensor installation

b. AE sensor should be installed to the flat surface free from any

c. Apply gelled glycerin in 1mm thickness to the target surface

when attaching the sensor and be cautious not to create air

d. Connect the BNC connector with RG-58 cable to AE sensor

e. AE sensor installation is completed when the other connector

CAUTION 1 : When the magnetic holder is in use for a long period

CAUTION 2 : When installing AE sensor in the outside, take care to

4. Installing PD-MAT400 software

STEP 1 : PD-MAT400 Windows installation CD into your CD-

Fig. 3: List of Installation Program

Fig. 4: Installation Start

Note: If you plan to replace an older version of PD-MAT400

Fig. 5: License Agreement

STEP 4 : To install to a different folder, click ‘Browse’ and select

Fig. 6: Choose Destination Location

Fig. 7 Choose Folder Window

STEP 5 : There are three types such as 'Typical', 'Compact',

Compact is same as the 'Typical' type.

Custom will install the files only in which user selects

Fig. 8: Setup Type

Each file in the 'Custom' type is such as followings:

Program Files: Group includes the execution files of PD-

Example Files: It contains no data.

Help Files: Not provided

Shared DLLs: DLL files execute PD-MAT400.

Fig. 9: Select Components

STEP 6: After finishing the PD-MAT400 installation, you will see

PD-MAT400 consists of directories (folders) and files shown as

Fig. 10: Exploring- PD-MAT400A

Database: A directory, which has the stored data.

PD-MAT400.exe: A program file to execute PD-MAT400.

5. PD-MAT400 Operation Explanation of detail

Fig. 11: PD-MAT400 main screen

5.1. Auto Mode

requirements. Auto mode with Modem communication allows you to

Fig. 12: Schedule Time Setting

a dialog will be appeared. On this dialog, the selected data will be

5.2. Manual Load

phase in 30 degrees. Furthermore, the Manual Load has a function

The Manual Load displays the values of pulse and amplitude in

Fig. 14: Phase VS PPS (Amplitude) Graph in Manual Load screen