Walter Lippmann compared th e masses to a great beast and a bewildered herd that needed to be guided by a governing class. The experts are to be a machinery of knowledge that circumvents the primary defect of democracy, the impossible ideal of the omnicompetent citizen. Edward Bernays - the conscious and intelligent manipulation of the organized habits and opinions of the masses is an important element in democrati c society.
Walter Lippmann compared th e masses to a great beast and a bewildered herd that needed to be guided by a governing class. The experts are to be a machinery of knowledge that circumvents the primary defect of democracy, the impossible ideal of the omnicompetent citizen. Edward Bernays - the conscious and intelligent manipulation of the organized habits and opinions of the masses is an important element in democrati c society.
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Walter Lippmann compared th e masses to a great beast and a bewildered herd that needed to be guided by a governing class. The experts are to be a machinery of knowledge that circumvents the primary defect of democracy, the impossible ideal of the omnicompetent citizen. Edward Bernays - the conscious and intelligent manipulation of the organized habits and opinions of the masses is an important element in democrati c society.
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
attacking the democracy-this population in its weak points. Lippmann compared th
e masses to a great beast and a bewildered herd that needed to be guided by a governing class. He described the ruling elite as a specialized class whose interests reach beyond the locality. This class is composed of experts, specialists and bureaucrats. According to Lippmann, the experts, who often are referred to as elites, are to be a machinery of knowledge that circumvents the primary defect of democracy, the impossible ideal of the omnicompetent citizen. The trampling and roaring bewildered herd has its function: to be the interested spectators of action, i.e. not participants. Participation is the duty of the responsible man , which is not the regular citizen . Carl Jung - his grandfather was a FREEMASON, messages go into your subcounsius w ithout you knowing there exists a second psychic system of a collective, universal, and impersonal nature which is identical in all individuals. This collective unconscious does not develop individually bu t is inherited. It consists of pre-existent forms, the archetypes, which can only become conscious secondarily and which give definite form to cert ain psychic contents. Edward Bernays - FATHER or public relationships - The conscious and intelligent manipulation of the organized habits and opinions of the masses is an important element in democrati c society. Those who manipulate this unseen mechanism of society constitute an invisible go vernment which is the true ruling power of our country.We are governed, our minds are molded, our tast es formed, our ideas suggested, largely by men we have never heard of. This is a logical result of the way in which our democratic society is organized . Vast numbers of human beings must cooperate in this manner if they are to live t ogether as a smoothly functioning society. Harold Lasswell - University of Chicago was the host of a series of secret semi nars on communications. These think tanks were funded by the Rockefeller foundation and involved the mos t prominent researchers in the fields of communications and sociological studies. In his Encyclopaedia o f the Social Sciences, Lasswell explained that when elites lack the requisite force to compel obedience , social managers must turn to a whole new technique of control, largely through propaganda. He added the conventional justification: we must recognize the ignorance and stupidity [of] the masses and not succumb to democratic dogmatisms about men being the best judges of their own interests.