ENERGY MANAGEMENT AND CONSERVATION TECHNIQUES

OF COMMERCIAL ESTABLISHMENTS IN GENERAL SANTOS CITY

A Survey Research presented to the

Tertiary Level of GenSantos

Foundation College, Inc.

As partial fulfilment for the subject

Survey of Physical Science (Natsci-3)

By:

March 13, 2019

 Chapter I

INTRODUCTION

Energy conservation is the term used for reducing the consumption through

using less energy service. Energy conservation is not about making limited resources

last longer but it is a process of doing nothing more than delaying crisis until we finally

run out of all our energy resources.

Conservation is the process of reducing demand on a limited supply (for example

natural gas) and ensuring that the demand is met by alternative means of supply. Most

of the times the best way to do this is to replace the existing energy used with an

alternative one. Energy conservation is all about using energy only when it is required

and using it as much as needed for the job and not wasting any amount of it. It requires

a conscious effort from the user or energy to make sure that there is no wastage on a

regular basis.

Electricity is widely used for providing power to buildings, electric devices, and

even some automobiles. Electricity is weightless, easier to transport and distribute and it

represents the most efficient way of consuming energy. It is important part of our

industries. Almost whole of the devices at businesses and industries are running

because of the nature of facility.

People conserve power to reduce energy cos and lessen environmental impact.

In addition to using innovative facility designs, which includes state-of-art control

systems and high efficiency chillers in a new building.

The researcher conducted a survey to know the techniques used by

establishments to manage and conserve energy within General Santos City.

 Chapter II

DATA ANALYSIS

Methodology

This part of chapter includes the research design, locale of the study, sample

size, research instruments, data gathering procedure, respondents profile and data

analysis.

Research Design

The study will use a descriptive type of research design and quantitative

research method. A descriptive research design is concerned to provide

comprehensive or in depth description of basic information about the population at a

particular point in time. The quantitative research method seeks to collect and provide

information that can be tabulated in a numerical form.

Locale of the Study

The locale of the study is within the City of General Santos. General Santos City

is in the south-western part of the island of Mindanao. It has 26 barangay`s and it lies

at the southern part of the Philippines.

The map of General Santos City is presented below:

Figure 1. Locale of the Study

Sample Size

The researchers will have a total of 15 respondents selected randomly.

Research Instrument

Survey questionnaires would be used to come up with specific answers to the

statement of the problem. This study would use one (1) questionnaire. The

questionnaire for each type of respondents would have the same content for the

researchers to come up with needed data or information from them. Respondents will

only have to answer the questionnaire base on their preference or choices given.

For respondents the questions to be use will allow the researchers to identify the

different factors that they consider in starting an investment. It will also determine what

the priority of each respondent is.

Data Gathering Procedure

To gather the necessary information, surveys will be conducted to the different

respondents within General Santos City by the use of questionnaires. Since we will use

simple random sampling technique, it gives all the sampling units’ equal chances of

being included as sample. The respondents who are willing to participate in the data

gathering will be guided by the researchers in answering the questionnaire.

Data Analysis

The answers on the questionnaire will be analyzed using the percentage

frequency method.
 A percentage frequency distribution is a display of data that specifies the

percentage of observations that exist for each data point or grouping of data points. It is

a particularly useful method of expressing the relative frequency of survey responses

and other data. Many times, percentage frequency distributions are displayed as tables

or as bar graphs or pie charts. The process of creating a percentage frequency

distribution involves first identifying the total number of observations to be represented;

then counting the total number of observations within each data point or grouping of

data points; and then dividing the number of observations within each data point or

grouping of data points by the total number of observations.

A. Respondent’s Profile

Table 2.1

Business Type Frequency Percentage

BPO/Call Center 0 0

Cooperative 0 0

Retail Industry 8 53%

Industrial 0 0

Manpower 1 7%

Food Processing 2 13%

Government 0 0

Others 4 27%

Total 15 100%

Table 2.1 shows that out of 100%, 53% belong to retail industry, manpower composes

7%, food processing compose of 13% and that others is 27%.

Table 2.2

Years of Operation Frequency Percentage

5 yrs. up 8 53%

3 to 4 yrs. 2 13%

1 to 2 yrs. 4 27%

Less than 1 yr. 1 7%

Total 15 100%

Table 2.2 shows that out of 100%, respondents who have 5 yrs and up operation is

53%, 3 to 4 yrs is 13%, 1 to 2 years is 7%.

Table 2.3

Nature of Ownership Frequency Percentage

Own 10 67%

Tenant 5 33%

Total 15 100%

Table 2.3 shows that out of 100%, 67% own their building and that 33% is a tenant.

The monthly average consumption of every respondents varies on the size of the

establishments as well as its function. The highest kph used is 300,000, next

75,000kph, followed by 63,000kph, 60kph, 35,000kph, 30,000kph, 15,000kph,

10,000kph and having the lowest is 30kph and 20kph.

 B. Survey Analysis

This pertains to the responses of the respondents on the survey questionnaire

conducted.

Table 2.4: Frequency of respondent’s business hours per day

Particulars Frequency Percentage

24 hours 6 40%

8 hours 8 53%

Less than 8 hrs. 1 7%

Total 15 100%

Table 2.4 shows that out of 100%, the respondents who operates for 24 hrs. composed

of 40%, 53% on 8hrs operation and 7% operates less than 8 hrs. a day.

Table 2.5: Frequency of respondent’s source of energy

Particulars Frequency Percentage

Electricity 13 87%

Gasoline 0 0

Renewable Energy Source 2 13%

Total 15 100%

Table 2.5 shows that out of 100%, 87% of respondents uses electricity as a source of

energy, no respondents uses gasoline and that 13% uses renewable energy source.
Table 2.6: Frequency of respondents who think we are in energy crisis

Particulars Frequency Percentage

Yes 12 80%

No 3 20%

Total 15 100%

Table 2.6 shows that out of 100%, 80% think that we are living in an energy crisis and

20% believe not.

Table 2.7: Frequency of respondents who thought about saving energy

Particulars Frequency Percentage

Very Much 9 60%

Much 2 13%

Fair 3 20%

Not at all 1 7%

Total 15 100%

Table 2.7 shows that out of 100%, 60% of the respondents thought of saving energy

very much, 13% is much, 20% thought fairly and that 7% who didn’t thought at all.
Table 2.8: Frequency of respondent’s attitude toward energy conservation

Particulars Frequency Percentage

Strongly agree 6 40%

Agree 9 60%

Disagree 0 0

Total 15 100%

Table 2.8 shows that out of 100%, 40% of it strongly agree toward energy conservation,

60% is agree and that no one is disagree with it.

Table 2.9: Frequency of how often respondent’s practice on energy conservation

Particulars Frequency Percentage

Always 6 40%

Sometimes 9 60%

If told so 0 0

Total 15 100%

Table 2.9 shows that out of 100%, 40% practice energy conservation always, 60% who

practice sometimes and that no one would practice only if told so.
Table 2.10: Frequency of respondent’s concern on energy crisis

Particulars Frequency Percentage

Very Much 8 53%

Much 3 20%

Not really 4 27%

Total 15 100%

Table 2.10 shows that out of 100%, 53% is very much concern with energy crisis, 20%

is much concern and that 27% is not really concern.

Table 2.11: Frequency of respondent’s awareness of ways to save energy

consumption

Particulars Frequency Percentage

Aware of a lot ways 7 47%

Aware of few ways 8 53%

Not aware 0 0

Total 15 100%

Table 2.11 shows that out of 100%, 47% of the respondents are aware of a lot of ways,

53% aware of few ways and that no one is not aware.

Table 2.12: Frequency of respondents who thought that monitoring usage of

energy helps to be aware of daily consumption

Particulars Frequency Percentage

Yes 11 73%

No 4 27%

Total 15 100%

Table 2.12 shows that out of 100%, 73% thought that monitoring energy usage helps to

be aware of the daily consumption and that 27% didn’t thought of it.

Table 2.13: Frequency of respondents who uses this kind of air-conditioning

facility

Particulars Frequency Percentage

Built-in/Window Type Aircon 6 40%

Industrial Fan 7 47%

None 2 13%

Total 15 100%

Table 2.13 shows that out of 100%, 40% of the respondents uses built-in/ window type

aircon, 47% uses industrial fan and that 13% who didn’t uses any.
Table 2.14: Frequency of respondents who chose price, quality or energy saving

as reason for choosing the air-conditioning facility

Particulars Frequency Percentage

Price 3 20%

Quality 6 40%

Energy Saving 6 40%

Total 15 100%

Table 2.14 shows that out of 100%, 20% chooses the type of air-conditioning facility

because of prices, 40% chooses quality and that 40% chooses it for energy saving.

Table 2.15: Frequency of respondents who uses this kind of light producing

equipment

Particulars Frequency Percentage

Incandescent Bulb 6 40%

CFL Lights 9 60%

Others 0 0

Total 15 100%

Table 2.15 shows that out of 100%, 40% uses incandescent bulb, and 60% uses CFL

lights .
Table 2.16: Frequency of respondents who chose price, quality or energy saving

as reason for choosing the light producing equipment

Particulars Frequency Percentage

Price 3 20%

Quality 9 60%

Energy Saving 3 20%

Total 15 100%

Table 2.16 shows that out of 100%, 20% chooses the type of air-conditioning facility

because of prices, 60% chooses quality and that 20% chooses it for energy saving.

Table 2.17: Frequency of respondents who choose the ff. that motivates them to

change the behaviour toward energy conservation

Particulars Frequency Percentage

Increasing Cost 10 67%

Environmental Factor 3 20%

Public Concern 2 13%

Total 15 100%

Table 2.17 shows that out of 100%, 67% of the respondents definitely motivates

themselves because of increasing cost, 20% due to environmental factor, and that 13%

due to public concern.

Table 2.18: Frequency of respondents who answer yes or no if they use an

alternative source of energy other than electricity

Particulars Frequency Percentage

Yes 5 33%

No 10 67%

Total 15 100%

Table 2.18 shows that out of 100%, 33% uses an alternative source of energy and 60%

did not use.

Table 2.19: Respondents response on what is the alternative source of energy

they used.

Particulars Frequency Percentage

Generator 3 60%

Solar Power 2 40%

Total 5 100%

Table 2.19 shows that out of 100% who uses an alternative source of energy 60% used

generator and that 40% uses solar power.

Table 2.20: Frequency of respondents who do the below techniques to conserve

energy

Particulars Frequency Percentage

Switching off lights during 5 18%

break hours

Plugging out appliances 12 43%

after work hours

Keeping appliances in good 4 14%

conditions

Choose energy efficient 7 25%

products

Total 28 100%

Table 2.20 shows that out of 100%, 18% do switching off the lights, 43% plug out

appliances after work hrs., 14% prefer to keep the appliances in good conditions and

that 25% choose an energy efficient products to conserve energy.

Table 2.21: Frequency of respondent’s willingness to educate and inform others

about ways to reduce energy consumption

Particulars Frequency Percentage

Yes 15 100%

No 0 0

Total 15 100%

Table 2.21 shows that all respondents would be willing to educate and inform others to

reduce energy consumption.

Table 2.22: Frequency of respondents who answer yes or no if it can help in

reducing energy consumption by using energy efficient machines and equipment

Particulars Frequency Percentage

Yes 15 100%

No 0 0

Total 15 100%

Table 2.22 shows that all respondents answered yes on using energy efficient machines

and equipment can help in reducing energy consumption.

Table 2.23: Frequency of respondents who’s willing to join a campaign on energy

conservation

Particulars Frequency Percentage

Yes 15 100%

No 0 0

Total 15 100%

Table 2.23 shows that all respondents are willing to join a campaign on energy

conservation.
 Chapter III

CONCLUSION

Energy consumption greatly depend on the nature of business and the service

they provide. Large entities usually have more energy consumption than small ones but

it also varies on the conservation techniques done by each establishments.

Typically industries uses electricity as a source of energy, and that many are

aware we lived in an energy crisis world. Awareness and that knowledge is present

among the establishments but attitude to act is the great key to achieve conservation.

Price, quality and energy saving are some of the factors present in buying or using an

equipment or machines. Most of them prefer quality and energy saving than prices.

Increasing cost motivates many to conserve energy.

There are methods or techniques done by businesses to conserve energy. Most

of them plug out the appliances after work hours, choosing an energy efficient products

are also effective, switching off lights during break hours can do help as well as keeping

the appliances in good conditions.

All of the respondents are willing to educate and inform others on how to reduce

energy consumption as well as willing to do a campaign toward energy conservation.

We do have limited supply of energy but have an unlimited demand. Everyone

should be responsible for us not to run out energy resources faster. Used energy only

when it is required or needed. Do not waste.