K.E.

Holbert 8/31/2007
Furnace/Boiler/
Reactor
3
Qadd Turbine Generator Wturb = Pgross

Pnet = Wturb – Wpump

2 4
Feedwater
Pump mass flow rate : m&
Wpump volume flow rate : G = ν m& = m& / ρ
1 Qcond
Pnet Wturb − W pump
η th = =
Condenser Qadd Qadd

Compressed Liquid :
ν (T , p) ≈ ν f (T ) Critical Point
3
h(T , p) = h f (T ) + ν f (T ) [ p − p sat (T )]
Temperature, T

Superheated Steam
(Tables A-3 & A-5)

nt
sta
con
p=
Compressed pressure (p) = constant
Reversible
Liquid
(Ideal)
(Table A-3)
Saturated
nt
sta

liquid (f) Saturated Steam Irreversible

con

line (Tables A-1, A-2, A-4a, A-4b) (Actual)

p=

2' Saturated
vapor (g)
2 x line

1 4 4'
Quality (x)

Entropy, s

→ ; Pump: (Q = 0; s2 = s1) → ; Turbine: (Q = 0; s4 = s3)

ideal
W pump = m& (h2 − h1 ) ≅ m& ν 1 ( p2 − p1 ) ideal
Wturb = m& (h3 − h4 )
actual
W pump = m& (h2' − h1 ) ≠ m& ν 1 ( p2' − p1 )
actual
Wturb = m& (h3 − h4' )
ideal
W pump Δhideal h −h
actual
Wturb Δhactual h3 − h4'
η pump = = = 2 1 η turb = = =
ideal Δhideal h3 − h4
actual
W pump Δhactual h2' − h1 Wturb

→ ; Heating: (W = 0) → ; Condenser: (W = 0)
Qadd = m& (h3 − h2 / 2' ) Qcond = m& (h4 / 4' − h1 )

mass of vapor hx − h f sx − s f ν x −ν f
Steam Quality : x = = = =
mass of liquid & vapor hg − h f sg − s f ν g −ν f
T-S_diagram Rankine Cycle