Pronunciation exercises

1. Listen and repeat these words. The stress is at the beginning.

pilot airline dentist clinic office driver

2. Listen and repeat these words. The stress is at the end.

tai chi guitar before Japan Taiwan routine

3. Listen and repeat these words. The stress is at the beginning, but one word is
different.

yoga German Chinese soccer Monday baseball

4. Listen and repeat these words. The stress is at the end, but one word is different.
Write down the odd one.

unkind TV CD honest yourself below

5. Listen and repeat these words. There are two different endings,
-y and -ing.

sunny foggy breezy raining snowing

cloudy

6. Listen and repeat these questions. Yes/no questions usually have a rising
intonation.

Is this Station Road?

Do I go straight ahead?

Is it on the left?

Do I turn right?

7. Listen and repeat these words. The stress is at the beginning.

relatives exercise babysit overtime bicycle Saturday

8. Listen and repeat these words. The stress is in the middle.

computer recorder ambitious romantic aerobics tomorrow

9. Listen and repeat these words. Is the stress at the beginning or the end? Write
down the odd one.

camping relax hotel temple hiking behind

10. Listen and repeat these questions. Wh- and how questions usually have a falling
intonation.

How do you make a pizza?

Where can I put my suitcase?

When can I take a shower?

What are you doing on Monday?

11. Listen and repeat these words. Do they end in /id/ or /t/? Write each word in the
correct column.

started missed worked waited needed baked

/id/ /t/
started missed
_______ _______
_______ _______

12. Listen and repeat these words. Do they

begin with /s/ or /sh/? Write each word in the
correct column.

souvenirs shower

/s/ /sh/
souvenirs shower
_______ _______
_______ _______

sunbathed seafood shoes

shopping
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 THE ORIGIN OF THIS WORLD (MARANAO)

From the Anthology of Philippine Myths by Damiana L. Eugenio

According to Maranaw folklore, this world was created by a great Being. It is not
known, however, who exactly is this great Being. Or how many days it took him to create this
world.

This world is divided into seven layers. The earth has also seven layers. Each layer is
inhabited by a different kind of being. The uppermost layer, for example, is the place we are
inhabiting. The second layer is being inhabited by dwarfs. These dwarfs are short, plump, and
long-haired. They are locally known as Karibanga. The Karibanga are said to possess magical
powers. They are usually invisible to the human eye. The third layer of the earth which is
found under the sea or lake is inhabited by nymphs. These nymphs also possess certain
magical powers. It is stated in the story of Rajah Indarapatra that he met and fell in love with
the princess-nymph with whom he had a child.

The sky also consists of seven layers. Each layer has a door which is guarded day and
night by huge mythical birds called garoda. The seventh layer of the sky is the seat of heaven
which is also divided into seven layers. Every layer in the sky is inhabited by angels.
Maranaws believe that angels do not need food. They all possess wings with which they fly.

Heaven which is found on the seventh layer of the sky is where good people‘s spirits
go after death. Saints are assigned to the seventh layer while persons who―barely made it‖
are confined to the lower most layer which is found at the bottom of heaven.

It is in heaven where we find the tree-of-life. On each leaf of the tree-of-life is written
the name of every person living on earth. As soon as a leaf ripens or dries and falls, the
person whose name it carries also dies.

The soul of every person is found in tightly covered jars kept in one section of
heaven. This particular section of heaven is closely guarded by a monster with a thousand
eyes, named Walo. Walo, in addition to his thousand eyes, has also eight hairy heads. The
epic Darangan speaks of Madale, Bantugan‘s brother and, Mabaning, Husband of Lawanen,
entering this section and retrieving the soul of Bantugan.

Process Questions
1. Who created the world according to Maranaw folklore?
2. How many layers comprised the world he created?
3. Describe the world he created. Describe its layers.
4. How many layers comprised the sky? what was common to all layers?
5. What was the function of the tree-of-life?
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