JMUX Reference Manual Issue 4.0

342-86400-400PS
Issue 4.0
July 2002
JungleMUX
SONET Multiplexer
Technical Overview and

Reference Manual
Copyright © GE Multilin 2001

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Issue 4.0
July 2002
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JungleMUX
SONET Multiplexer
Technical Overview and Reference Manual
Copyright  GE Multilin 2001, All Rights Reserved
The copyright of this document is the property of GE Multilin. This document must not be copied,
reprinted or reproduced in any material form, either wholly or in part, without the written consent of GE
Multilin.
GE Multilin reserves the right to make changes and modifications to any part of this document without
notice.
GE Multilin is not responsible for any damages or losses incurred as a result of out-of-date or incorrect
information contained in this document.
Copyright  GE Multilin 2001

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION PAGE
1 INTRODUCTION ...................................................... 7
1.1 Overview ...................................................................................................7
1.2 Applications..............................................................................................7
1.3 Block Diagram ..........................................................................................8
2 PRODUCT STRUCTURE ........................................ 11

2.1 Introduction .............................................................................................11
2.2 Equipment Shelf ......................................................................................13
2.3 Power Unit................................................................................................15
2.4 AC Power Unit .........................................................................................16
2.5 OC-1 JMUX Unit.......................................................................................17
2.6 OC-3 JMUX Unit.......................................................................................18
2.7 OC-12 JMUX Unit.....................................................................................20
2.8 SPE-JIF Unit.............................................................................................22
2.9 JIF-Share Unit ..........................................................................................23
2.10 External Sync Unit...................................................................................24
2.11 Service Unit..............................................................................................27
2.11.1 IP Service Unit ..................................................................................28
2.11.2 TBOS Interface .................................................................................29
2.12 Orderwire Unit .........................................................................................30
3 FEATURES.............................................................. 31
3.1 Voice, Data, Teleprotection, Telemetry, Ethernet and Video
Multiplexing .............................................................................................31
3.2 Utility Design Considerations ................................................................31
3.3 SONET Conformance ..............................................................................32
3.3.1 Background and History ..................................................................32
3.3.2 JungleMUX System ..........................................................................33
3.4 System Redundancy and Availability....................................................34
3.5 Security and Dependability Features ....................................................35
3.6 Local and Remote Monitoring and Configuration ................................35
3.7 Modular Design and Expansion .............................................................36

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SECTION PAGE
4 CONFIGURATIONS ................................................ 37
4.1 Introduction .............................................................................................37
4.2 Standalone JungleMUX System.............................................................37
4.2.1 Ring Network ....................................................................................37
4.2.2 Linear Add & Drop Network.............................................................38
4.2.3 Multiple Network System .................................................................40
4.3 JungleMUX and Foreign SONET Networks ...........................................40
4.3.1 JungleMUX Ring Established Through a Foreign Higher Order
SONET Network Capable of Switching at STS-1 Level Only .........40
4.3.2 JungleMUX Ring Established Through a Foreign Higher Order
SONET Network Capable of Switching at VT1.5 Level...................42
4.3.3 Applications with SONET Radio......................................................42
5 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION AND ENGINEERING ...... 43

5.1 Introduction .............................................................................................43
5.2 Synchronization and Clocking ...............................................................43
5.2.1 Reference Clock Distribution Within Ring......................................44
5.3 Propagation Delay...................................................................................46
5.4 JungleMUX Craft Interface Software (JCI) ............................................46
5.5 Engineering..............................................................................................47
5.6 Design Specifications .............................................................................48
6 OPERATIONS, ADMINISTRATION,
MAINTENANCE AND PROVISIONING................... 49
6.1 Introduction .............................................................................................49
6.2 Features ...................................................................................................49
6.3 Node Communications ...........................................................................50
6.3.1 JMUX to JIF Level Unit Communications .......................................50
6.3.2 JIF-Share Unit to Channel Unit Communications ..........................50
6.4 Intra-Ring Communications ...................................................................51
6.5 Ring-to-Ring Communications...............................................................51
6.6 JNCI Workstation Communications ......................................................51
6.7 JNCI System View ...................................................................................51
6.7.1 Ring View Mode................................................................................52
6.8 JNCI Node View .......................................................................................53
6.9 JNCI JIF Level Unit View.........................................................................55
6.10 JNCI Alarm Engine ..................................................................................56

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6.11 Remote Configuration.............................................................................57
6.11.1 History Menu ....................................................................................57
6.11.2 Security Menu...................................................................................58
6.12 NMS Access to DS0 Channel Units .......................................................60
7 JungleMUX INTERFACE UNITS ............................ 61

7.1 Introduction .............................................................................................61
7.2 4W VF Unit ...............................................................................................61
7.3 2W FXO and 2W FXS Units .....................................................................62
7.4 2W TO E&M Unit ......................................................................................63
7.5 4W VF Partyline Unit ...............................................................................64
7.6 DATA-LS Unit...........................................................................................65
7.7 DATA-PTM Unit........................................................................................66
7.8 HS DATA Unit ..........................................................................................67
7.9 DATA-G703 Unit ......................................................................................68
7.10 DATA-NX64 Unit ......................................................................................69
7.11 DATA-NX64F Unit ....................................................................................70
7.12 JIF-DS1 and Quad DS1 Units..................................................................71
7.13 JIF-E1 Unit................................................................................................73
7.14 JIF-Ether Unit...........................................................................................74
7.15 DTT-XMT Unit...........................................................................................75
7.16 DTT-RCV Unit...........................................................................................76
7.17 DTT Test Panel ........................................................................................77
7.18 CDR Unit...................................................................................................78
7.19 ATU-XMT Unit ..........................................................................................79
7.20 ATU-RCV Unit ..........................................................................................80
7.21 CONTACT I/O Unit ...................................................................................81
7.22 Video I/O Unit...........................................................................................82
7.23 VMapper-40 Unit ......................................................................................85
7.24 VMapper-10 Unit ......................................................................................87
7.25 Vport-F Unit..............................................................................................89
7.26 Remote Video I/O Assembly...................................................................90
7.27 JIF-FDM Unit ............................................................................................91
7.28 DS3 Mapper Unit......................................................................................92

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SECTION PAGE
APPENDIX A................................................................. 93
List of Figures ..................................................................................................93
List of Tables....................................................................................................96
APPENDIX B................................................................. 97
List of Acronyms..............................................................................................97

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1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Overview
The JungleMUX system is an integrated SONET drop-and-insert (add/drop) multiplexer operating at the
OC-1 rate (51.84 Mb/s), OC-3 rate (155.52 Mb/s) or OC-12 rate (622.08 Mb/s) designed specifically for
utility (power, transportation, pipelines, oil & gas, etc.) industry communications. The system provides a
standard OC-1/OC-3/OC-12 optical interface for communications over optical fiber or an optional STS-1
electrical interface for communication over a SONET microwave radio or higher order SONET OC-N
multiplexers.
The JungleMUX system is capable of interfacing and multiplexing broadband, wideband and narrowband
applications. Compact unit design and flexible shelf architecture allow housing of various units, from
OC-1/OC-3/OC-12 optical units down to DS0 level interface units, on the same shelf. The entire
JungleMUX system has been built around the idea to provide reliable and space-efficient dropping of
various applications.
The JungleMUX OC-1 system capacity is 28 VT1.5s, i.e. 28 DS1 (1.544 Mb/s) signals. If the system is
used to interface and multiplex individual DS0 applications only, a maximum of 672 DS0 channels (24 per
each VT1.5) may be used. The JungleMUX OC-3 system capacity is 84 VT1.5s (2016 DS0 channels)
while the JungleMUX OC-12 system capacity is 336 VT1.5s (8064 DS0 channels).
The JungleMUX system can be configured in various configurations including point-to-point, linear
add/drop, self-healing path-protected rings, multiple rings and rings-plus-spurs network topologies.
The JungleMUX system is a fully integrated product which provides the fiber-optic interface, channel and
specialty interfaces and an encompassing Network Management System (NMS).
The JungleMUX is SONET based and therefore takes advantage of the inherent Operations,
Administration, Maintenance and Provisioning (OAM&P) capabilities of SONET overhead bytes.
This reference document is meant to assist planners and engineers of telecommunication networks in
understanding and implementing the JungleMUX system for immediate and future communication
requirements.
1.2 Applications
Typical applications for the JungleMUX integrated communications system include:
• Economic, reliable multiplexing of power line protection, voice, data, Ethernet, analog telemetry,
digital telemetry, SCADA, video and audio traffic.
• Flexible networking using linear, ring, and/or multiple ring topology.
• Replacement of outdated metallic pilot wire protective relaying circuits.
• Direct replacement of analog tone (FSK) teleprotection circuits.
• Replacement of analog transmission media and transport of an analog (FDM) signal.
• Multiplexing of traffic for transport over higher order SONET OC-N multiplexers or SONET radio
equipment using the STS-1 electrical or OC-3 optical interface.

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1.3 Block Diagram

The following figures and associated description are meant to provide the reader with some basic
concepts and terminology that will follow in this manual.
4W VF, O/W INTERFACE
CODEC RTU
T
B SERVICE
O UNIT
S
OFFICE
CI NMS ALARMS
7 VTs
TSI SONET
84x84 XMT LASER
LEFT
DS1 QUAD DS1 7 VTs
SPE-X
OC-3 (WEST)
SIGNALS UNITS (2) FIBER
7 VTs CLOCK PAIR
TSI SONET PINFET
RECOVER
84x84 RCV
7 VTs
SPE Port Y
SPE Port Z
OC-3 JMUX UNIT
ETHERNE T
LAN JIF-E THER THROUGH
TRAFFIC
UNITS (2)
SPE Port Y
SPE Port Z
TSI SONET
2W 84x84 XMT LASER
CDR DTT RIGHT
VF UNIT UNIT 7 VTs
UNIT (EAST)
OC-3
FIBER
7 VTs
SPE-X
TSI SONET CLOCK

PINFET
PAIR
RECOVER
84x84 RCV
JIF-SHA RE 7 VTs
UNITS (2)
7 VTs
JIFport (4) OC-3 JMUX UNIT
INTERFACES
Figure 1: Block Diagram of Typical OC-3 JungleMUX Node (Ring Configuration)
The following description and above block diagram is for an OC-3 node in a ring configured network.
The incoming OC-3 optical signal is received by the PINFET in the OC-3 JMUX unit and converted to an
electrical signal. The incoming clock is recovered and the receive circuitry processes the Transport
Overhead bytes and data from three STS-1 Synchronous Payload Envelopes (SPE) from the signal. The
SPE signals are demultiplexed down to the VT level and all VTs are passed through the Time Slot
Interchange (TSI) circuitry which allows flexible grouping of VTs into three SPE signals (SPE-X, SPE-Y
and SPE-Z) on the drop side of the unit. The VTs in the SPE-X may be dropped on the four available
JIFports (JIF is a JungleMUX Intermediate Format multiplex level). Each JIFport is capable of dropping a
maximum of seven VTs. The VTs from SPE-X that are not selected for dropping at this site are passed
through and transmitted out on the adjacent OC-3 JMUX unit to the OC-3 ring.
The traffic dropped on the JIFports is processed by VT level units (also called JIF level units). The type of
the VT level unit connected to a JIFport depends on the type of traffic carried in the VTs being dropped on
the port. The following VT level units are available:
• JIF-DS1 and Quad-DS1 units (for interfacing 1.544 Mb/s tributary signals)
• JIF-Share unit (for interfacing DS0 channel units and for passing VT traffic from one
ring/linear network to another)
• JIF-Ether unit (for adding/dropping 10 Mb/s Ethernet signals)
• VMapper-10 unit (for interfacing Video I/O units)
• JIF-FDM unit (for interfacing Group and Supergroup signals)
• JIF-E1 units (for interfacing 2.048 Mb/s tributary signals)

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At a node in a ring configured network, the JIF level units (except VMapper-10) are used in pairs (one for
the left JMUX unit and one for the right JMUX unit).
In order to optimize/maximize utilization of JIFport capacity, two JIF level units may be cascaded on the
same JIFport. Each cascaded unit uses different VTs on the JIFport.
The DS0 channel units provide interfaces for applications requiring one or more DS0 channels. These
interface cards address a variety of voice, data, teleprotection or telemetry applications and are covered in
Section 7.
Although normally configured to pass the traffic through, the OC-3 JMUX unit’s SPE ports Y and Z can be
independently configured to drop traffic. The SPE port traffic can be dropped to an SPE-JIF unit (provides
four additional JIFports), a DS3 Mapper Unit (provides DS3 interface), or a VMapper-40 unit (provides
interface to the Video I/O units). At a node in a ring configured network, these units (except VMapper-40)
are used in pairs.
4W VF, O/W INTERFACE

CODEC RTU
T
B SERVICE
O UNIT
S
OFFICE
CI NMS ALARMS
7 VTs
TSI SONET
84x84 XMT LASER
LEFT
DS1 QUAD DS1 7 VTs
SPE-X
OC-3 (WEST)
SIGNALS UNITS (2) FIBER
7 VTs CLOCK PAIR
TSI SONET PINFET
RECOVER
84x84 RCV
7 VTs
TO SPE-JIF UNIT SPE Port Y
SPE Port Z
OC-3 JMUX UNIT
THROUGH
TRAFFIC
TO SPE-JIF UNIT SPE Port Y
SPE Port Z
TSI SONET
2W 84x84 XMT LASER
CDR DTT RIGHT
VF UNIT UNIT 7 VTs
UNIT (EAST)
OC-3
FIBER
7 VTs
SPE-X
TSI SONET CLOCK

PINFET
PAIR
RECOVER
84x84 RCV
JIF-SHA RE 7 VTs
UNITS (2)
7 VTs
JIFport (4) OC-3 JMUX UNIT
INTERFACES
Figure 2: Block Diagram of JungleMUX OC-3 Node with a Pair of SPE-JIF Units
(Ring Configuration)
A Service unit provides summary alarm status of the node, access for Orderwire and 4W VF Partyline
units as well as connection for the NMS which will be discussed in more detail in Section 6.

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2 PRODUCT STRUCTURE
2.1 Introduction
The JungleMUX system is an integrated SONET drop-and-insert multiplexer capable of interfacing
broadband, wideband and narrowband applications down to DS0 level.
The components that make up a JungleMUX system can be divided into three categories: equipment
shelves, common equipment, and interface units. All systems and nodes will have a combination of the
above three.
This section contains information on the shelves and common equipment. Section 7 provides a brief
overview of the interface units supported by the system.
Common equipment units include Power Units, OC-1/OC-3/OC-12 JMUX Unit(s), Service Unit, External
Sync Unit(s), SPE-JIF Unit(s), JIF-Share Unit(s) and Orderwire unit(s). The common equipment
requirement at a node depends on the system configuration details and amount of traffic being dropped at
the node.
All units are housed in 19" equipment shelves that are either 4 rack-mount spaces in height (Common
Equipment Shelf) or 2 rack-mount spaces in height (Expansion Shelf). The Common Equipment Shelf is
mandatory for JMUX Units, Service Unit, External Sync Units, SPE-JIF Units, DS3 Mapper Units,
VMapper-40 Units and Vport-F Units. All other units may be installed in either shelf. When SPE-JIF units
are required, each pair of SPE-JIF units is installed in a separate Common Equipment Shelf.
All common equipment and interface units are powered from the +5 VDC shelf bus. Power units convert
station battery input to +5 VDC. Station battery voltage is also required for the operation of Direct Transfer
Trip (DTT) keying loops and DTT Test Panels.
Redundant Power units are recommended in each shelf so in the case of single unit failure, one unit can
supply the +5 VDC required for the entire shelf. The power buses of up to three shelves (six Power units)
may be paralleled. In that manner all paralleled Power units share the power load on the respective
shelves. In addition to providing additional redundancy, this feature must be used in cases when the
power consumption of all units at a single shelf exceeds the power that can be provided by a single Power
unit.
A typical rack layout is provided in Figure 3. It shows some of the above mentioned units along with some
interface units.
The open architecture of the JungleMUX provides maximum flexibility for network modifications and
growth. New features and interfaces are easily integrated with existing systems.
The following descriptions are intended to provide the reader with the basic functionality of each common
equipment unit. All units are covered in detail in their associated Technical Practice and Installation
Manuals. These manuals can be obtained through GE Multilin.

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FIBRE TO: SITE B FIBRE TO: SITE C
L/R OUT IN VNA# L RING: 1 R

CH 1 CH 2
L VNA# 17 VNA# 16 m37 OC-3 NODE: 1 OC-3
BOOT: 22ND STREET
FAR END: SYNC MODE
(24TH STREET)
SITE H NORMAL
VNA#5, BNC-1
8Mb/s, 30f/s, I SPE
L R
PORT
130 V SPE PORT Z m37, VPORT#2 m37, VPORT#1 Y 84 VT 84 VT 130 V
PWR O/W 4W PL DS3 DS3 VIDEO BLANK VIDEO BLANK VM-40 BLANK JMUX SERV JMUX PWR
JVT-Q (PAIR 4) VT-14: SITE G JVT-S (PAIR 4) VT-12 JVT L/R slot VT MODE JVT L/R slot VT slot 1 TO 7
S - 1 12x SHR
CH 2 CH 1 CH 13 CH 3 CH 2 CH 1 S L 5 1x
R R 2 13x TIE
R R L R R 6 2x VT 22x TO 28x
CH 7 CH 19 Q R 3 14x STD
BC96
Q R 7 3x
SITE C
SITE H
SITE B
TX: 0158 P R 4 15x STD

RX: 0815 BC96 TX: 0041 PAIR 3 PAIR 2
PAIR 4
BC96 RX: 0014
130 V CONTACT L R L R L R 130 V
JIFPORT 2 JIFPORT 2 JIFPORT 1
PWR I/O CDR HCB 2W FXS 4W 4W JIF-SHARE JIF-SHARE JIF-DS1 JIF-DS1 JIF-ETHER JIF-ETHER PWR
JVT-Q (PAIR 4) VT-14: SITE G SG L/R slot VT

JVT-P (PAIR 3) VT-15: SITE H
L 1 18x
CH 2 CH 14 CH 4 CH 5 CH 8-12 CH 6 CH 2 CH 1 CH 1 L 2 19x
3
L 3 20x
L 4 21x
BC96 TX: 0023 BC96 RX: 0032
PAIR 5
130 V LS HS NX64 G703 HS L R 130 V
JIFPORT 3
PWR DATA DATA 2W TO 4W DATA DATA DATA DTT TX DTT RX JIF-FDM JIF-FDM PWR
TRANSMIT RECEIVE
CCT1 CCT2 CCT3 CCT4 CCT1 CCT2 CCT3 CCT4
86429-M2 DTT TEST PANEL
J1 J2 J3 J4 J5 J6 J7 J8 J9 J10 J11 J12 J13 J14 J15
Figure 3: Typical Rack Layout (OC-3 Node)

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2.2 Equipment Shelf

Both Common Equipment Shelf (86430-01) and Expansion Shelf (86431-02) provide 15 shelf slot spaces,
power bus, and JungleMUX Virtual Tributary (JVT) bus for DS0 channel units. The Common Shelf
occupies 4 rack-mount spaces while the Expansion Shelf occupies 2 rack-mount spaces. Both shelves
mount in a standard 19" rack.
Flexible architecture of the Common Equipment Shelf allows housing of various units, from OC-1/OC-3/
OC-12 JMUX units down to DS0 level interface units, on the same shelf. Expansion Shelves are needed
only to "expand" the capacity of the Common Equipment Shelf when a large number of drop equipment
interfaces is to be provided at the node.
Most of the JungleMUX units are installed in the shelf with corresponding unit-specific paddleboards.
Paddleboards mount to the rear of the shelves and provide customer interface connections or connections
to other JungleMUX units. A unit-specific paddleboard is installed in the same shelf slot, opposite to the
unit.
Various cables provide quick, efficient connections for all common equipment units.
g JungleMUX SONET Multiplexer
XMT XMT
RCV RCV
1A STS-1 STS-1 1A
#1 #1
#2 MINOR MAJOR #2
#3 #3
CAUTION OC-3 OC-3 CAUTION
REMOVE ACO REMOVE
FUSE ALM ALM FUSE
BEFORE ACK ACK ACK BEFORE
INSERTING INSERTING
UNIT UNIT
ALARM C.I. C.I. C.I. ALARM
86431-02 (48V) 86432-01 86434-02 86432-01 86431-02 (48V)

POWER UNIT OC-3 UNIT SERVICE UNIT OC-3 UNIT POWER UNIT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Figure 4: Common Equipment Shelf (Front View)
Only a few unit types have their mandatory shelf slot positions. Common Equipment Shelf slot positions 1
and 15 are reserved for Power units, positions 12 and 14 for JMUX units, while the position 13 is reserved
for the Service unit. External Sync Units, if used, must be installed in Common Equipment Shelf slot
positions 10 and 11. The rest of the Common Equipment Shelf can flexibly accommodate other unit types
offered in JungleMUX system including Orderwire unit, JIF level units, VMapper-40 units and all types of
interface units.

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86431 86434 86431

POWER 86432 86432
JMUX UNIT SERVICE JMUX UNIT POWER
UNIT UNIT
UNIT
(MAIN) (AUX)
1 DTT
TB1 TB4
J2 RECEIVE
C1 P15 A1 P14A P14 P13A P13 P12A P12 P11 P10 P9 P8 P7 P6 C1 A1 TB3 C1 A1 1 P3 P2 P1
GND1 C1 A1
- + B1
(GND)
P38
(PWR) (PWR) 1
P37 P33 P31 P29 P27 P25 P21 P19 P17
2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2
1 1 1 1 TB6 TB51 1 1 1
1
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
GND2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
CBA P36 P32 P30 P28 P26 P24 C16 A16 1 P20 P18 P16 C B A
16 16 ISS 903
TB2
8
P1
86422-90
SYNC SIGNAL TO/FROM PADDLEBOARD INSTALLED

OTHER RINGS ON BACKPLANE (EXAMPLE)
087-86430-90 JVT BUS JVT BUS EXTENSION
EXTENSION SUBASSEMBLY TO EXPANSION SHELF
TO UPPER AND/OR LOWER ADJACENT
TO UPPER AND/OR LOWER ADJACENT SHELF POWER CONNECTION
SHELF GROUND CONNECTION
Figure 5: Common Equipment Shelf (Rear View)
1A 1A
CAUTION CAUTION
REMOVE REMOVE
FUSE FUSE
BEFORE BEFORE
INSERTING INSERTING
UNIT UNIT
ALARM ALARM
86431-02 (48V) 86431-02 (48V)

POWER UNIT POWER UNIT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Figure 6: Expansion Shelf (Front View)
TO UPPER AND/OR LOWER ADJACENT TO UPPER AND/OR LOWER ADJACENT TO UPPER AND/OR LOWER ADJACENT
SHELF GROUND CONNECTION SHELF POWER CONNECTION SHELF POWER CONNECTION
C1 P15 A1 P14 P13 P12 P11 P10 P9 P8 P7 P6 P5 P4 P3 P2 P1

GND1 C1 A1
B1
(GND)
P43
(PWR) (PWR)
P41 P39 P37 P33 P33 P31 P29 P27 P25 P23 P21 P19 P17
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
GND2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
CBA P42 P40 P38 P36 P32 P32 P30 P28 P26 P24 P22 P20 P18 P16 C B A
16 16
Figure 7: Expansion Shelf (Rear View)
Expansion Shelf slot positions 1 and 15 are reserved for Power units while positions 2 to 14 can be
equipped with JIF level units, DS0 channel units, and Video I/O units.

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At a node in a ring network, JIF level units are typically installed in pairs to provide protection against path
failures. Pairs of JIF level units are installed in adjacent shelf slots and they share the same two-slot-wide
paddleboard.
The JVT bus brings the traffic from JIF-Share units to DS0 channel units. JVT signal consists of one VT.
JVT-S, JVT-R, JVT-Q, and JVT-P correspond to VTs assigned in the JIF-Share unit. Each JIF-Share unit
JVT port allows dropping a maximum of 24 DS0 channels. JVT-S is automatically connected to the
Common Equipment Shelf upon insertion of (a pair of) JIF-Share unit(s). JVT-S appears immediately to
the left of the JIF-Share unit and the first channel unit may be inserted into the shelf position next to the
JIF-Share unit. When used, JVT-R, JVT-Q, and JVT-P are typically cabled to the Expansion Shelves. A
JVT bus may be extended along the shelf by means of a sub-assembly (JVT Bus Extender/Jumper) and
between shelves by using the appropriate cable.
Each shelf also has connections to extend the power bus between shelves. This provides Power units in
different shelves to be connected in parallel to allow for maximum redundancy and load sharing.
2.3 Power Unit

The 86431 Power unit provides the interface between the customer supplied station battery and a
JungleMUX node. The unit provides the regulated +5 VDC required for the JungleMUX units by
converting station battery input to +5 VDC. Input power requirements can be either 24, 48 or 130 VDC
depending on unit option. The unit's maximum output is 25 W; however, it is not recommended to plan on
having a Power unit permanently loaded with more than 18 W.
The Power unit can be paralleled with another Power

unit in the same shelf and with Power units of up to
two other shelves (maximum six Power units
BATT. + paralleled) to provide redundancy in case of a single
BATT. - unit failure.
1A
The paddleboard provides connections for station

battery input and unit status (alarm) reporting.
CAUTION st
The Power unit must be located in either the 1 or 15
th
REMOVE NO
ALARM slot position in both the Common Equipment Shelf and
FUSE C
BEFORE
RELAY the Expansion Shelf. Typically, both slot positions are
NC
INSERTING
equipped, so in the event of single power unit failure,
UNIT shelf power is maintained.
ALARM
+5V
The Power unit should be inserted with the front panel
MONITORING fuse removed. This prevents potential arcing on the
86431-02 (48V) POINT unit output contacts when seating the unit in the shelf.
POWER UNIT
The Power unit does not have a craft interface since

Figure 8: Power Figure 9: Power Unit there is no configurable options on the unit.
Unit Front Panel Paddleboard
A Form-C alarm relay and front panel red LED provide indication of abnormal Power unit operation. The
alarm relay ports of all Power units at the node are normally wired to the respective port on the Service
Unit Paddleboard so that the Service unit can monitor and report the status of the Power units.

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2.4 AC Power Unit

The 86425 AC Power unit provides the interface between a customer supplied 115V AC source and a
JungleMUX node. The unit provides the regulated +5V required for the JungleMUX units by converting
115 VAC input to +5 VDC. The unit's maximum output is 25 W; however, it is not recommended to plan
on having a Power unit permanently loaded with more than 18 W.
The Power unit can be paralleled with another Power unit in the same shelf and with Power units of up to
two other shelves (maximum six Power units paralleled) to provide redundancy in case of a single unit
failure.
The unit paddleboard provides connections for

115V the AC input and unit status (alarm) reporting.
60 Hz
The 115V AC Power unit must be located in either
CAUTION st th
the 1 or 15 slot position in both the Common
DISCONNECT
POWER
Equipment Shelf and the Expansion Shelf.
CORD AND Typically, both slot positions are equipped, so in
UNDO the event of single power unit failure, shelf power
MODULE is maintained.
RETAINING
SCREW NO
BEFORE The Power unit does not have a craft interface
ALARM C since there is no configurable options on the unit.
REMOVING RELAY
UNIT
NC
A Form-C alarm relay and front panel red LED
ALARM provide indication of abnormal Power unit
TB2 operation. The alarm relay ports of all Power
NRTL/C +5V
GND
units at the node are normally wired to the
MONITORING
+5V respective port on the Service Unit Paddleboard
86425-01 (115VAC) POINT
POWER UNIT
P3 so that the Service unit can monitor and report
the status of the Power units.
Figure 10: Figure 11:
115V AC Power 115V AC Power Unit The 115V AC Power unit meets the requirements
Unit Front Panel Paddleboard and has been approved by CSA.

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2.5 OC-1 JMUX Unit

The 86433 OC-1 JMUX unit provides the optical (OC-1) or electrical (STS-1) transmit and receive
interface between a JungleMUX node and adjacent node in the same ring or linear network. The unit
provides hardware and software interfaces to the Service unit and all JIF level units.
The OC-1 JMUX unit occupies one shelf slot position in a Common Equipment Shelf and must be
th th
installed in either the 12 or 14 position in the shelf (both locations are equipped at a ring node or at an
add/drop node in a linear network). Typical system gain of 34 dB and 40 dB is achieved with the 1300nm
and 1550nm OC-1 JMUX units respectively.
On the drop side, the unit has four JIFports, each dropping a maximum of 7
VTs for a total system capacity of 28 VTs. The JIFport provides an interface
to either one or two cascaded JIF level units (of the same or different type).
J3 (XMT)
JIFports are wired to the JIF level units using cable assemblies installed on
the shelf backplane.
J2 (RCV)
STS-1
POH
OC-1
4 JIF
OC-1 OPTICS SOH LOH
FC ports
RCV YEL ALM (51.84 Mb/s)
Connectors
ACK Through
port
(shelf)
C.I. Figure 13: OC-1 JMUX Unit Signal Flow Diagram
OC-1 86433-03 In a multi-network system, traffic from an OC-1 ring/linear network may be
1300nm JMUX UNIT
passed to another OC-1/OC-3/OC-12 ring/linear network through VT tie
Figure 12: OC-1 connections using JIF-Share units. The nodes that pass (tie) traffic between
JMUX Unit Front Panel multiple networks must be collocated (at the same site).
All configurable parameters (VT assignments, alarm level, loopbacks etc.) are set through the JCI
software. Optic receive level, laser current, PLL voltage, status of the OC-1 signal and unit temperature
are some of the parameters monitored by the microprocessor and displayed on the unit’s JCI screen.
The Statistics screen (F9) allows

the user to retrieve the information
on the code violations registered
in the receive OC-1 signal over
certain period. This period is
divided in 128 time cells of equal
(and configurable) duration.
The transmit OC-1 signal may be

timed from the unit’s internal
clock, from the incoming fiber, or
from the shelf. The shelf timing
signal may be supplied by the
companion OC-1 JMUX unit or
introduced externally either from a
Figure 14: OC-1 JMUX Unit Main JCI Screen collocated JungleMUX node
(belonging to a different ring or
linear system) or from an external reference clock (BITS) through a (pair of) External Sync unit(s) installed
at the node. Refer to Section 5 for more information on the synchronization distribution algorithm.

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2.6 OC-3 JMUX Unit

The 86432 OC-3 JMUX unit provides the OC-3 (155.52 Mb/s) transmit and receive optical interface
between a JungleMUX node and adjacent node in the same ring or linear network. The unit provides
hardware and software interfaces to the Service unit, SPE-JIF, DS3 Mapper, VMapper-40, and all JIF level
units.
The OC-3 JMUX unit occupies one shelf slot position in a Common Equipment Shelf and must be
th th
installed in either the 12 or 14 position in the shelf (both locations are equipped at a ring node or at an
add/drop node in a linear network). Typical system gain of 28 dB and 33 dB is achieved with the 1300nm
and 1550nm OC-3 JMUX units respectively.
The OC-3 payload comprises three STS-1 Synchronous Payload Envelopes

(SPEs). Each STS-1 SPE may be used to carry 28 VTs so there is a
maximum of 84 VT1.5s (2016 DS0 channels) that may be carried in an OC-3
J3 (XMT) signal. The unit has an 84x84 TSI (Time Slot Interchange) cross-connect
which allows any 28 VTs to be selected ("groomed") from any of the three
J2 (RCV)
SPEs (on the unit's "line side") onto SPE-X (on the unit's "drop side") thus
STS-1 making them available for dropping on its four JIFports (see Figure 1). Each
#1
JIFport is capable of handling a maximum of seven VTs and provides an
#2
interface to either one or two cascaded JIF level units (of the same or
#3
OC-3
different type). The remaining payload (56 VTs or two SPEs) is assigned to
ALM the two SPE connectors (SPE port Y and SPE port Z) on the top of the unit
ACK
for connecting to the adjacent OC-3 JMUX unit (for "through" traffic) or to
SPE-JIF level units (VMapper-40 or DS3 Mapper unit) for dropped traffic.
The SPE port connectors are 40-pin connectors. JIFports are wired to the
C.I. JIF level units using cable assemblies installed on the shelf backplane.
OC-3 86432-01 In a multi-network system, traffic may be passed from one ring/linear network
1300nm JMUX UNIT to another through either VT tie connections (using JIF-Share units) or
through SPE port tie connections. In the case of SPE tie, an entire SPE
Figure 15: OC-3 JMUX content is passed from one network to another. The nodes that pass (tie)
Unit Front Panel traffic between multiple networks must be collocated (at the same site).
STS-1
STS-1
POH SPE (Z) SPE-Z
STS-1 84 x 84
SPE
3 VT1.5 STS-1
STS-3 SPE (Y) SPE-Y
OC-3 OPTICS SOH LOH 2 Cross
FC
(155 Mb/s)
Connectors
1 Connect
STS-1 4 JIF
SPE (X)
ports
Through
port
(shelf)
Figure 16: OC-3 JMUX Unit Signal Flow Diagram
All VT assignments and Time Slot Interchange settings are performed through the JCI or JNCI software.
Optical Receive level, laser current, PLL Voltage, status of the OC-3 signal and unit temperature are some
of the parameters monitored by the microprocessor and displayed on the main JCI screen (Figure 17).

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The function key F2 brings up the screen with consolidated BER and Code Violation information as well as
the information on errored seconds, severely errored seconds and unavailable seconds for section, line
and STS-1 paths.
The function key F8 brings up the TSI screen (Figure 18). Time Slot Interchange is cross-connecting the
84 VTs in the three STS-1 paths of the OC-3 line to the 84 VTs on the drop side of the unit (grouped in
SPE-X, SPE-Y and SPE-Z). This allows any 28 VTs from the OC-3 line signal to be routed to the SPE-X
so that they can be dropped on the unit's four JIFports.
Figure 17: OC-3 JMUX Unit Main JCI Screen
Figure 18: OC-3 JMUX Unit Edit TSI Screen

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The Statistics screen (F9) allows the user to retrieve the information on the code violations registered in
the receive OC-3 signal over certain period. This period is divided in 128 time cells of equal (and
configurable) duration.
The transmit OC-3 signal may be timed from the unit’s internal clock, from the incoming fiber, or from the
shelf. The shelf timing signal may be supplied by the companion OC-3 JMUX unit or introduced externally
either from a collocated JungleMUX node (belonging to a different ring or linear system) or from an
external reference clock (BITS) through a (pair of) External Sync unit(s) installed at the node. Refer to
Section 5 for more information on the synchronization distribution algorithm.
2.7 OC-12 JMUX Unit

The 86417 OC-12 JMUX unit provides the OC-12 (622.08 Mb/s) transmit and receive optical interface
between a JungleMUX node and adjacent node in the same ring or linear network. The unit provides
hardware and software interfaces to the Service unit, SPE-JIF, DS3 Mapper, VMapper-40, and all JIF level
units.
The OC-12 JMUX unit occupies one shelf slot position in a Common Equipment
th th
Shelf and must be installed in either the 12 or 14 position in the shelf (both
locations are equipped at a ring node or at an add/drop node in a linear network).
XMT Minimum system gain of 13dB@1300nm with Intermediate Reach unit option,
25dB@1300nm with Long Reach unit option, and 25dB@1550nm with Extra Long
RCV Reach unit option is achieved.
STS-1n The OC-12 payload comprises twelve STS-1 SPEs so there is a maximum of 336
VT1.5s that may be carried in an OC-12 signal. On the drop side, the unit has
OC-12
four JIFports and six CBW (Configurable Bandwidth) ports (Figure 20). Each
RCV YEL ALM CBW port can be configured to combine multiple STS-1 SPEs to support
broadband applications.
ACK
Each JIFport is capable of handling a maximum of seven VTs and provides an

C.I. interface to either one or two cascaded JIF level units (of the same or different
type).
OC-12 86417-01
1310nm JMUX UNIT When configured for 1 x STS-1 SPE mode of operation, a CBW is compatible with
an OC-3 unit’s SPE port so it may be used for interfacing SPE-JIF, DS3 Mapper
Figure 19: OC-12 and VMapper-40 units as well as for tying traffic between JungleMUX OC-3 and
JMUX Unit Front OC-12 rings. The unit allows only the desired VTs from a subtended ring to be
Panel sent around the OC-12 ring; the balance of the VTs is passed through and
returned to the subtended ring. The unit supports configurations with multiple collocated subtended OC-3
rings and provides “hairpinning” feature which allows VTs from one subtended ring to be passed to
another one through the collocated OC-12 node.
Usage of an N x STS-1 SPE mode of operation (N>1) allows a CBW port to be used for efficient tying of
multiple STS-1 SPEs between OC-12 rings, for providing a large bandwidth channel access for
applications such as 100Mb/s Ethernet1 as well as for “closing” a subtended OC-3 ring through a segment
of the OC-12 ring2.
1 Requires Ethernet-100 interface unit (available in 1Q 2003). This unit will be able to bridge traffic via
single or multiple STS-1 SPEs (user configurable).
2 Requires OC-3 tributary unit (future).

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All through-traffic is passed between the companion OC-12 JMUX units via a crossover CAT-5 cable at an
STS-18 signal rate.
STS-18 Through
STS-1
port
POH
Optical
OC-12 12 NxSTS-1
LC
XCVR SPE CBW-F
(622 Mb/s)
Connectors
SOH NxSTS-1
SPE CBW-E
9 336 x 196
NxSTS-1
LOH VT1.5 SPE CBW-D
and/or
NxSTS-1
6
18 x 18 SPE CBW-C
STS-1
NxSTS-1
Cross SPE CBW-B
Connect NxSTS-1
3
SPE CBW-A
STS-1 SPE
1
4 JIF
ports
STS-1 Through
SPE
port
(shelf)
Figure 20: OC-12 JMUX Unit Signal Flow Diagram
The unit has a powerful cross-connect functionality which allows flexible VT and/or STS-1 traffic cross-
connections between the OC-12 payload, JIFports, CBW ports and STS-18 through-port.
OC-12 SPE-TIE
JMUX VT TRAFFIC
OC-12 OC-12 STS-1 SPE TRAFFIC

JMUX JMUX
OC-12
JMUX OC-3
OC-3 JMUX OC-3
JMUX OC-3 JMUX
OC-3 JMUX
JMUX
OC-3
JMUX OC-3
OC-3 JMUX
OC-3 JMUX OC-3
OC-3 JMUX JMUX
JMUX
Figure 21: Traffic Between OC-12 and OC-3 Subtended Rings
The transmit OC-12 signal may be timed from the unit’s internal clock, from the incoming fiber, or from the
shelf. The shelf timing signal may be supplied by the companion OC-12 JMUX unit or introduced
externally either from a collocated JungleMUX node (belonging to a different ring or linear system) or from
an external reference clock (BITS) through a (pair of) External Sync unit(s) installed at the node. Refer to
Section 5 for more information on the synchronization distribution algorithm.

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2.8 SPE-JIF Unit

The 86490 SPE-JIF unit provides the interface between an OC-3 JMUX unit’s SPE port (Y or Z) or OC-12
unit CBW port (configured for 1 x SPE mode of operation) and four JIFports.
This unit is used at JungleMUX nodes where more than four JIFports are
required i.e. at nodes where more than 28 VTs are to be dropped. Each SPE-
JIF unit provides four additional JIFports. Thus, an OC-3 JMUX unit with one
SPE-JIF unit allows up to 56 VTs to be dropped, while an OC-3 JMUX unit with
two SPE-JIF units allows the entire payload of 84 VTs to be dropped at the
J2 (RCV)
node. An OC-12 JMUX unit with all 6 CBW ports connected to SPE-JIF units
can drop up to 196 VTs (7x28).
SPEPORT At a ring node, a pair of SPE-JIF units is required to drop VT traffic from an
SPE port. The left SPE-JIF unit is connected to one of the SPE ports (Y or Z)
ALM on the left OC-3 JMUX unit or to one of the CBW ports on the left OC-12 JMUX
unit through a cable. A similar connection is established between the right
ACK SPE-JIF unit and the corresponding SPE/CBW port on the right OC-3/OC-12
JMUX unit.
C.I. The JCI software displays programmable fields, status and information
about the unit. The F5 function key displays the position of the VTs being
86490-01
dropped in the line signal.
SPE-JIF UNIT
The SPE-JIF units are installed in the slots 12 and 14 of a Common Equipment
Figure 22: SPE-JIF Shelf. An additional Common Equipment Shelf is required for each pair of
Unit Front Panel SPE-JIF units. The space between the two SPE-JIF units (slot 13) is unused.
Figure 23: SPE-JIF Unit JCI Screen

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2.9 JIF-Share Unit

The 86485 JIF-Share unit provides the interface between a JMUX or SPE-JIF unit’s JIFport and four JVT
ports.
The JIF-Share unit may be directly connected to a JMUX/SPE-JIF unit’s JIFport

or it may be paralleled (cascaded) with another JIF level unit (JIF-Share, JIF-
DS1, Quad-DS1, JIF-E1, JIF-Ether, JIF-FDM or VMapper-10 unit) so that a
JVT maximum of seven VTs can be dropped or inserted at the JIFport. At ring
S nodes, JIF-Share units are equipped in pairs to provide automatic path
switching in case of fiber or unit failure. A path priority is set through software
R configuration so that the other path is only used when a failure is detected on
Q the priority path. Protection switching is revertive, i.e. when the problem is
corrected, the traffic is switched back to the priority path.
P
ON YEL ALM The four JVT ports are identified as JVT-S, JVT-R, JVT-Q, and JVT-P. Each
JVT consists of up to 24 DS0 channels. Normally, JVT-S is assigned first as it
directly feeds the shelf bus immediately to the left of the JIF-Share unit. For
ACK channel access to JVT-R, JVT-Q, and JVT-P ports, they must be cabled to the
desired destination shelves.
JVT-S, JVT-R, and JVT-Q ports can be independently configured for one of the
C.I.
following modes of operation: Standard, Share, Standard Tie and Share Tie.
JVT-P port may operate only in the Standard or Standard-Tie mode.
86485-01
JIF-SHARE UNIT
In Standard mode, the unit drops all 24 DS0 channels on the bus and the
Figure 24: JIF-Share protection switching takes place at VT level. The path switching time is
Unit Front Panel specified as <3 ms.
In Share mode, the unit drops only the selected DS0 channels. Other DS0 channels (the ones not
selected for dropping) are passed through. This mode allows a VT to be shared between several
JungleMUX nodes. Each shared VT provides 24 DS0 node-to-node links with no restrictions on the
number of links terminated at a node. In Shared mode, each DS0 channel is switched independently.
In Standard Tie mode, the entire VT (24 DS0 channels) are tied electrically between two collocated
JungleMUX nodes belonging to different ring /linear JungleMUX networks. The protection switching takes
place at VT level.
The Share Tie mode allows DS0 channels to be shared between JungleMUX network. Only the specified
DS0 channels are tied between the JungleMUX networks and others are passed through. Each DS0
channel is switched independently.
Share and Share Tie modes of operation allow better utilization of the VT bandwidth, however, they are
not recommended for teleprotection circuits because the protection switching time and node through-delay
are generally longer in Share than in Standard mode of operation.
The unit has a built-in test capability which allows for the insertion of a test pattern into any or all of the
outgoing VTs. By monitoring the incoming VT at the far end, a validity of the VT path can be confirmed.
This end-to-end VT path testing checks the entire VT path integrity and is performed through the JCI or
JNCI software.

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2.10 External Sync Unit

A 86480 External Sync unit provides the 2 kHz JungleMUX shelf timing signal by selecting a
synchronization reference clock. This reference clock can either be an external Building Integrated Timing
Supply (BITS), an incoming OC-1/OC-3/OC-12 signal or the unit may operate in an Internal or Holdover
state. The BITS input signal is a framed all-ones DS1 signal. It is recommended that two External Sync
units be installed at a node, where one unit is a backup in case of primary unit failure. These units may be
installed in shelf slot positions 10 and 11 of the Common Equipment Shelf.
A pair of SYNC units also provides two DS1 BITS output signals derived from the selected reference
source. The BITS output signal is a framed all-ones DS1 signal. This derived BITS output signal could be
used at those locations that do not have a BITS source, to synchronize other equipment at that site.
Each JMUX node equipped with a BITS interface functions as a "Headend" timing source if at least one of
the two BITS inputs is deemed to be a "good" sync source. The determination of "good" relies on the
detection of line related DS1 alarms (AIS and LOS) and path alarms (OOF and CRC-6) thresholds.
Prim. Sec.
BITS BITS CLKOK is true
INTERNAL Node CLKOK is false
HOLDOVER A NE with Ext.
A-fiber Sync unit
BITS-A Head
end NE without Ext.
BITS-B R L Sync unit
LINE-X L B-fiber R R Right JMUX Unit
Node
Node L Left JMUX Unit
LINE-Y F
R B L
ALM L R
ACK Node
Node
E
C L
R
C.I.
Node
D
86480-01 L R
SYNC UNIT
Figure 25: SYNC Unit Figure 26: Normal Operation with Single BITS NE
Front Panel
The CLKOK bit in the Line Overhead’s S1 byte is set to “True” in both directions from the Headend node,
and downstream nodes that are not equipped with BITS interfaces implement the existing synchronization
algorithm. In the event that the primary BITS input fails (Figure 27), the External Sync unit switches to the
secondary input. The sync status of the other nodes in the system is unchanged.

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Prim. Sec.
Node CLKOK is false
A NE with Ext.
A-fiber Sync unit
Head NE without Ext.
R end L Sync unit
L B-fiber R R Right JMUX Unit
Node
Node
F
L Left JMUX Unit
R B L
L R
Node
Node
E
C L
R
Node
D
L R
Figure 27: Operation with Primary BITS Failure
In the event that the primary and secondary BITS inputs fail (Figure 28), the JMUX switches to holdover
and deasserts the CLKOK bit in the A fiber direction only. As the CLKOK bit status propagates around the
ring, each NE performs a reference switch so that the network is timed off the B-fiber. After a time
interval, the CLKOK bit is false in every section of the A-fiber ring. In this case, the Headend NE remains
in HOLDOVER until either the primary or secondary BITS interface is restored.
Prim. Sec.
Node CLKOK is false
A NE with Ext.
A-fiber HOLDOVER Sync unit
Head NE without Ext.
end Sync unit
R L
L B-fiber R R Right JMUX Unit
Node
Node L Left JMUX Unit
B
R F L
L R
Node
Node
C
E L
R
Node
D
L R
Figure 28: Operation with External Timing Failure

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In a network that provides two or more BITS sources (Figure 29), the situation is slightly different. Each
NE equipped for BITS timing acts as a Headend NE with respect to synchronization. Each OC-1/OC-3/
OC-12 section is timed from one of the NE BITS references. This algorithm relies on the two NE BITS
interfaces being synchronous.
Prim. Sec. CLKOK is true Prim. Sec.

BITS BITS CLKOK is false BITS BITS
Node NE with Ext. Node

A Sync unit A
A-fiber NE without Ext. A-fiber LINE TIMED
Head Sync unit
end Head
R Right JMUX Unit end
R L R L
L B-fiber R L Left JMUX Unit L B-fiber R
Node Node
Node Node
F F
R B L R B L
L Node R L Node R
Prim. BITS Prim. BITS
Node E Head Node E Head
C end L Sec. BITS C end L Sec. BITS
R R
Node Node
D D
L R L R
(a) Normal Operation (b) Operation During BITS Failure at one NE
Figure 29: Operation with Two BITS NEs
In the event that an external timing failure occurs at one of the BITS-equipped NEs, the JMUX switches to
Holdover and deasserts the CLKOK bit in the A fiber direction only (as described above for the BITS at a
single NE case). As the CLKOK bit status propagates around the ring, each NE performs a reference
switch so that optical sections between the NE with the timing failure and the next BITS-equipped NE are
timed off the B-fiber. The CLKOK bit remains true as the A-fiber exits the BITS-equipped NE. Thus the
CLKOK bit in the A-fiber does not change state at the failed NE (unlike the BITS at a single NE case
where the CLKOK bit changes to false after a time interval). After determining that the CLKOK bit remains
true, the NE with the external timing failure switches from HOLDOVER to LINE timing, and sets the
CLKOK bit in the A-fiber direction and deasserts the CLKOK bit in the B-fiber direction (normal operation
for a line-timed NE). The optical sections currently timed off the B-fiber perform a second reference
switch (back to the A-fiber), and the entire network is then timed off the NE with the "good" BITS clock as
shown in Figure 29b. Note that when the timing failure is restored, the reference switch (from line timing
to external timing) is performed without causing any other NEs to switch references in the network.
The Holdover requirements are such that the OC-1/OC-3/OC-12 signal shall have an accuracy of no less
than ±4.6 ppm (Stratum 3) during the first 24 hours of Holdover.
The freerun accuracy of the Voltage Controlled Crystal Oscillator (VCXO) is specified at ± 4.6 ppm.

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2.11 Service Unit

The 86434-02 Service unit monitors alarms from individual units and provides Major and Minor office
alarm relays. It also provides a NMS interface allowing node configuration, access to node monitoring and
diagnostics of the entire JungleMUX system. The Service unit also processes overhead traffic for the
Orderwire and/or 4W VF Partyline unit(s) and drops it using JVT signal format.
th
The Service unit is installed in the 13 slot position of the Common Equipment Shelf (between the left and
right JMUX units). The unit paddleboard provides connections for office alarm contacts, power monitor
connection, Orderwire JVT bus connection, and a rear Craft Interface jack. The paddleboard also
provides NMS tie connectors (JPM and JPS) used to pass the network management information from one
JungleMUX network to another at a tie site (Figure 32).
Connect to JPS
of another ring Connect to JPM
of another ring
TB1 86434-91
RV1 SERVICE UNIT
JPM Paddleboard
Major 3 NO U1
JPS PROTECTED
office 2 C
alarm 1 NC Strappable
P8
MINOR MAJOR TB3 for NMS
RV2 security
8 NORMAL
RV3 7
ACO
6
Minor 3 NO 5
TBOS Rear Craft
ACK office 2 C U2 Interface
4 CI
alarm 1 NC 3
2
C.I. RV4
TB2 1 Power Monitor
JVT (factory connected
JVT bus connection
86434-02 to Power Unit
for Orderwire TB4
SERVICE UNIT Paddleboards)
Figure 30:
Service Unit Figure 31: Standard Service Unit Paddleboard
Front Panel
The unit is equipped with alarm indicators which summarize the incoming alarms. Alarms are reported by
two front panel LEDs for Major and Minor alarm condition. The amber LED is latched if any alarm (minor
or major) occurs at this node. This LED will remain lit after the alarms have cleared and can be
extinguished by pressing the Acknowledge button. An Alarm Cut-Off (ACO) button (for silencing office
alarms) and an Acknowledge (ACK) button (for turning the amber LED off once the alarms have cleared)
are provided on the front of the unit.
The Form-C office alarm contacts can be configured to reflect the alarm status of the local node only
(default setting), the status of the local network (ring or linear network that the local node belongs to), or
the status of the entire JungleMUX system (made of all rings and linear networks covered by the same
NMS).

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JUNGLEMUX JUNGLEMUX
Site B Site D
RING 1 RING 2
JPACK
RS-232 JUNGLEMUX JUNGLEMUX JUNGLEMUX JUNGLEMUX
SYNC-TIE
Site A Site E
Site C
JNCI workstation
Figure 32: Visibility of two JungleMUX networks on one JNCI workstation
A Craft Interface port allows the user to connect a PC and run the JNCI software. The complete JNCI
package (including JConfig and JChannel) provides the capability to monitor and configure all the nodes in
the entire system down to the DS0 channel level from one node. User friendly JNCI screens step the user
through the system, node and individual unit parameters. Alarms are recorded and time stamped by the
computer running JNCI. The reader may refer to Section 6 for complete features of the JungleMUX NMS.
The Service unit provides a NMS interface through its Craft Interface port (asynchronous RS-232 interface
at 9600 b/s). There is no restrictions on the number of simultaneous JNCI sessions in the system as long
as each session uses different Service unit (i.e. different node) to connect to the system. The NMS
connection to the Craft Interface may be established through either direct (hardwire) or dial-up connection.
2.11.1 IP Service Unit
The IP Service unit (IPSU), in addition to the standard Service unit features described above, provides an
advanced set of NMS tools as well as advanced network control and security. Unlike the standard Service
unit, the IPSU provides the interface between an IP enabled session (e.g. SNMP manager) and the
JungleMUX network.
The deployment of the IPSU enhances the NMS capabilities for JungleMUX users. The IPSU provides a
gateway for delivering JungleMUX NMS information over an IP connection in a secure manner. It also
offers an alternate IP connection when the main IP connection is lost thus improving reliability of the NMS
communication. The IPSU stores up to 2500 JungleMUX alarms in its memory. These alarms are time
stamped based on the unit’s time (user adjustable) and are collected by the SNMP manager or VistaNET1
application. The IP connection with the unit is established through the 10Base-T port available on the
IPSU Paddleboard (RJ-45 connector).
The IPSU is installed in place of a standard Service unit at strategic location(s) within a JungleMUX
system. A single IPSU can manage up to 25 JungleMUX nodes in the same ring or linear network i.e. its
span-of-control (SOC) must not exceed 25 nodes. Therefore, only one IPSU is needed per ring/linear
network with less then 26 nodes; however, multiple IPSUs can be deployed to provide a management
redundancy as well as workload sharing. In multiple ring/linear systems, at least one IPSU is needed in
each ring/linear network (Figure 33). Note that if an Ethernet connection cannot be established to a
JungleMUX network (Ring 3 in Figure 33), the IPSU functionality can be achieved by a computer running a
VistaNET server software (VNET server) and connected to a standard Service unit’s Craft Interface port
using a dedicated asynchronous RS-232 circuit.
1 VistaNET is a family of client-server based NMS products for JungleMUX networks.

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Each IPSU must be programmed to perform a specific function before it can manage the JungleMUX
nodes within its SOC. In essence, the IPSU may operate either as an SNMP agent or a VistaNET server
depending on the type of support package loaded into the unit. The support package is downloaded
through the 10Base-T port using IP network resources. To establish the IP connection, certain IP
parameters in the unit need to be specified through the JCI software.
The support package can be downloaded to any IPSU in the system from any IP network location.
Centralized distribution of support packages is of particular importance when product enhancements or
new product releases must be incorporated quickly and securely into IPSU(s) from a remote site.
VistaNET is a complete client/server NMS solution for any JungleMUX network. VistaNET is a result of an
increased customer demand for more flexible NMS. It provides centralized management capability of both
contiguous and non-contiguous multiple-network systems with total number of nodes ranging from few to
hundreds of them. It is accessible through high-speed corporate LAN/WANs as well as through simple
traditional dialup from a platform determined by the network user.
VistaNET VNET
Client Server
SNMP
Modem
Manager RS-232
PSTN
Ethernet
VistaNET Modem
Client
Standard
Hub Service
RS-232
Unit
Hub MI NOR M AJOR
TCP/UDP IP JungleMUX ACO
ACK
C.I .
86434 02
SERVICE UNIT
IPSU
MI NOR M AJOR
TCP/UDP IP
JungleMUX
ACO
IPSU
ACK
C.I.
JungleMUX
86434 02
SERVI CE UNIT
MINOR MAJ OR
JungleMUX
JungleMUX SONET Ring #3
ACO
ACK
86434 02
SE RVI CE UNI T
C.I.
JungleMUX
JungleMUX JungleMUX
JungleMUX
SONET Ring #1 JungleMUX JungleMUX
SONET Ring #2 JungleMUX
JungleMUX
JungleMUX JungleMUX
Figure 33: Control of JungleMUX networks using IPSUs
2.11.2 TBOS Interface
TBOS (Telemetry Byte Oriented Serial) is a protocol for transmitting alarm, surveillance and control data
between monitoring and monitored equipment. The Service unit on the JungleMUX system provides a
slave TBOS interface via a rear-access interface port to report alarm and status conditions.
The single TBOS port on the Service unit provides visibility of any 16 Network Elements (Nodes) in a
JungleMUX system. The information is transmitted in the form of 16 displays with each display containing
32 alarm or status points. At present, in each display 13 points are used and the remaining points are
reserved for future expansion.
The TBOS Interface on the Service unit forms a point-to-point half-duplex transmission over two pairs of
100-ohm twisted-pair wires. The TBOS interface default setting is 2400 baud, 2 stop bits with odd parity.
The baud rate may be programmed to 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600 or 19200 baud. The TBOS serial interface
complies with Bell System Technical PUB49001 section 3.0 and section 4.0.

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2.12 Orderwire Unit

The 86471 Orderwire unit provides the multipoint voice communications between any two or more sites in
the JungleMUX system using one of the Orderwire bytes in the Transport Overhead. The unit connects to
the Service unit which provides the interface to the overhead bytes from both the right and left directions.
A maximum of seven overhead bytes can be selected to carry Orderwire and/or VF Partyline channels in a
JungleMUX system, i.e. up to seven independent Orderwire/Partyline systems can be established within
the same JungleMUX system.
The first Orderwire unit at a node is typically installed in the Common Equipment Shelf slot 2. Additional
Orderwire and/or Partyline units are installed in adjacent shelf slots (3, 4…). Alternatively, the Orderwire
bus can be established on an Expansion Shelf.
Connection for the TELSET can be made on the rear RJ-12 jack on the unit
paddleboard. The unit is equipped with a sub-assembly board providing the
talk battery (+5 VDC to -28/56 VDC conversion) and ringing generator
BUSY / RING functions.
A HEADSET can be plugged into the corresponding jack on the front of the
unit. The HEADSET in conjunction with the CALL button and audible buzzer
can be used for both partyline (all-call) and address (selective) calling.
HEADSET
CALL
A balanced 600Ω 4W connection is available on the paddleboard. This can
be used for systems that have an external orderwire system in place.
Also available on the paddleboard are four unbalanced, high impedance

inputs (100 kΩ) labelled as VF(IN) and four unbalanced, low impedance
ALM
ACK (150 Ω) outputs VF(OUT). This allows the VF orderwire signal to be passed
between multiple networks in a JungleMUX system.
C.I.
The user can configure both the local unit address as well as the far-end unit
address (00-99) for DTMF tones. The far-end address setting determines
86471- what far-end Orderwire unit will ring when local CALL button is pressed. If
ORDERWIRE UNIT "" is selected as the far-end address then the CALL button will alert (ring)
all sites in the orderwire system (all remote units using the same orderwire
Figure 34: Orderwire channel). If a telset is used, the far-end address can be directly selected on
Unit Front Panel the telset keypad.
One Orderwire unit in a ring is configured as "Headend" and all other Orderwire units using the same
Orderwire channel are configured as "Normal". This ensures that the orderwire signal is broken at one
node thus preventing indefinite circulation of orderwire tones in the ring.
A proprietary orderwire channel switching algorithm ensures that the orderwire service remains
operational in the event of a ring break.

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3 FEATURES
3.1 Voice, Data, Teleprotection, Telemetry, Ethernet and Video Multiplexing

The JungleMUX system is designed to interface and multiplex a variety of different applications.
Interface modules for voice include 4W VF E&M, 2W FXS and FXO, 2W TO E&M and 4W VF Partyline.
All modules have maintained stringent voice frequency specifications for unparalleled response and
transmission characteristics.
Data modules include DATA-LS unit capable of supporting either four 9.6 kb/s data signals, two 19.2 kb/s
or one 38.4 kb/s data signal using RS-232 interface, HS-DATA unit supporting 56 kb/s (asynchronous or
synchronous) and 64 kb/s (synchronous) data communication using RS-422 or V.35 interface, DATA-
G703 unit supporting 64kb/s G.703 data communication, Data-NX64 unit supporting Nx64kb/s (N=1..12)
data rates using V.35 interface, Data-NX64F unit supporting the same rates but equipped with IEEE
PC37.94 optical interface, and Data-PTM unit supporting a point-to-multipoint RS-232 data circuit with a
maximum rate of 19.2 kb/s. JIF-DS1 and Quad-DS1 units allow the user to interface up to three or four
independent DS1 signals per unit respectively. JIF-E1 unit can interface up to three E1 signals (E1 is a
European 2,048 kb/s multiplex signal) while a DS3 Mapper unit interfaces a DS3 signal. A JIF-Ether unit
provides the interface for a 10 Mb/s Ethernet signal.
Teleprotection units provide a secure interface for protective relaying transfer trip applications utilized by
most power utilities. Current Differential Relay units can accommodate HCB and HCB-1, CPD, SPD,
RADHL and DL91 relay interfaces.
Analog Telemetry units provide up to four independent telemetry circuits per DS0 channel with a variety of
software selectable input and output DC voltage/current ranges.
A Contact I/O unit allows up to 16 external (foreign) contacts to be replicated at a remote site.
A Video I/O unit provides an NTSC or PAL video interface to either a camera or a monitor with a variety of
software selectable bandwidth and frame-rate options. Optionally, the unit can also provide audio, data,
and contact I/O interfaces.
3.2 Utility Design Considerations

GE Multilin recognized that utility requirements were very distinct and unique to the telecommunication
market. Equipment is often located in harsh power utility substation and industrial environments where
EMI and RFI levels are greatly increased.
Utilities require secure, dependable and robust channels capable of backup either by redundancy or
alternate fiber path routing. Specific utility requirements were included in all system parameters and
interface modules. Various available operating voltages, Teleprotection and Test Panel features, system
alarming and extended ambient operating temperature range are a few elements of the system designed
specifically for the utility market.
The JungleMUX system meets many telecommunication requirements as well. Path Switching (3 ms),
Orderwire and synchronization are some of the relevant requirements.

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3.3 SONET Conformance

3.3.1 Background and History
In 1988 ANSI and ITU-T (former CCITT) approved a standard to address multi-vendor environments,
synchronous networking, enhanced OAM&P and future transport requirements for LAN, HDTV etc. The
synchronous multiplexing technique was coined SONET for Synchronous Optical Networks.
The Phase 1 standard defined:

• A base rate and format
• A hierarchy of rates and formats based on synchronous multiplexing of the base
• Overhead layering, definitions, and locations
• Frequency justification and loading of payloads
Phase 2, released in 1991, provided further definition in OAM&P, Automatic Protection Switching (APS)
and additional Payload Mapping.
SONET digital hierarchy is based on the OC-1/STS-1 level signal which is a basic building block for higher
OC-N/STS-N rates. Higher rate SONET signals are produced by byte-interleaving N STS-1 signals to
form an STS-N signal.
Line Rate # of DS0

STS Level OC Level
(Mb/s) channels
STS-1 OC-1 51.84 672
STS-3 OC-3 155.52 2016
STS-12 OC-12 622.08 8064
STS-48 OC-48 2488.32 32256
STS-192 OC-192 9953.28 129024
STS = Synchronous Transport Signal

OC = Optical Carrier
Table 1: SONET Hierarchy and Rates
The SONET OC-1/STS-1 frame format is based on a frame size of 9 rows and 90 columns of bytes.
3 columns
87 columns
90 columns x 9 rows x 8 bits

TRANSPORT
9 rows OVERHEAD PAYLOAD STS-1 Bit Rate = = 51.84 Mb/s
125 µs
125 µs
90 columns
Figure 35: OC-1/STS-1 Frame

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Higher rate SONET signals are produced by byte-interleaving N STS-1s to form an STS-N signal (STS-3
for example). The STS-N is then converted to an optical carrier level (OC-N).
The figure below details the SONET multiplexing structure.
x1 STS-192c
10 Gb/s OC-192 STS-192 STS-192c Bulk filled
SPE
x4
x1 STS-48c
2.5 Gb/s OC-48 STS-48 STS-48c Bulk filled
SPE
x4
x1 STS-12c
622 Mb/s OC-12 STS-12 STS-12c Bulk filled
SPE
x4
x1 STS-3c E4 (140 Mb/s)
OC-3 STS-3 STS-3c
155 Mb/s SPE Bulk filled
x3
STS-1 DS3 (45Mb/s)

OC-1 STS-1
SPE E3 (34 Mb/s)
52 Mb/s
x7 Bulk filled
x1
VT6
Pointer processing VT-group VT6 Bulk filled
SPE
x3
Electrical-to-optical conversion
VT2
Multiplexing VT2 E1 (2 Mb/s)
x4 SPE
Aligning
Mapping VT1.5
VT1.5 DS1 (1.5 Mb/s)
SPE
Figure 36: SONET Multiplexing Structure
More details on SONET terminology, framing and multiplexing are available in SONET 101 For
JungleMUX Users brochure that may be obtained through GE Multilin.
3.3.2 JungleMUX System
The JungleMUX System is an integrated SONET drop and insert multiplexer operating at 51.84 Mb/s (OC-
1), 155.52 Mb/s (OC-3) or 622.08Mb/s (OC-12) rate. The system provides an optical OC-1/OC-3/OC-12
interface for communication over optical fiber or an electrical STS-1 interface for communication over a
SONET radio or higher order SONET multiplexer. For mapping and multiplexing tributary signals, the
JungleMUX uses VT1.5s, STS-1 SPEs and applicable paths in the SONET multiplexing structure (Figure
36). The system deploys the Floating Mode for the VT1.5s and performs VT path switching per Bellcore
TR-TSY-00496.
In ring configurations, the system supports unidirectional and bidirectional path protection switching
schemes.
The system provides synchronization through an internal clock or can accept an external reference clock
(i.e. BITS) by means of an External Sync Unit. External timing is per Bellcore/Telcordia TR-NWT-000253.
Synchronization is covered in more detail in Section 5.
The JungleMUX provides access to both E1 and E2 orderwire channels, i.e. both Local and Express
Orderwires per Bellcore standards are supported.
OAM&P functions are carried in the SONET overhead bytes and utilized by the JungleMUX network
management system.

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3.4 System Redundancy and Availability

Circuit availability and reliability are key elements in the JungleMUX design. Power units can be paralleled
on the same shelf and across multiple shelves. Route diversity is achieved in a ring configuration by
assigning both a priority and back-up path. This ensures that if a common unit such as a JMUX or
JIF-Share fails, or a fiber is lost, traffic is still maintained between the drop sites. Due to the importance of
propagation delay between sites for teleprotection traffic, the design offers extremely fast switching time
(<3 ms) between route diversity fiber paths.
In a JungleMUX ring, either unidirectional or bidirectional switching algorithm can be selected for each
protected VT path. By default, the protection switching is unidirectional, i.e. in case of a unidirectional
failure (e.g single fiber cut), the unaffected direction of transmission is not switched. However, if there is a
requirement to ensure protection switching of both transmission directions (even in the event of
unidirectional failure), a bidirectional switching algorithm can be enabled. This is an important feature for
applications where both directions of transmission must experience the same (or nearly the same) delay
even in the case of a ring failure (e.g. some teleprotection applications).
Note that in either case the protection switching is revertive, i.e. the traffic is switched back to the priority
path when the priority path is restored.
FIBER OPTIC PAIR OC-1/OC-3/OC-12)
FIBER OPTIC PAIR OC-1/OC-3/OC-12)
P P P P
J S J J S J
O J J O O J J O
INTERFACE M E M INTERFACE M E M
W I I W W I I W
UNITS U R U UNITS U R U
E F F E E F F E
X V X X V X
R R R R
COMMON EQUIPMENT SHELF COMMON EQUIPMENT SHELF
Figure 37: Ring Configured System
The above shows a two-node system operating in a ring configuration. If an equipment failure occurs in a
Power, JMUX or JIF-Share unit, traffic is still maintained. If a fiber pair is damaged, traffic is also
maintained. A more detailed description of configurations is provided in Section 4.

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3.5 Security and Dependability Features

Interface units unique to utilities (power, industrial, transit, etc.) include Direct Transfer Trip (DTT) units,
Current Differential Relaying (CDR) units, Analog Telemetry (ATU) units, and Contact I/O units. All of the
above plus some data and VF units often used for teleprotection utilize an addressing technique to ensure
the correct transmit/receive pair are communicating. In essence, no transmitter can talk to an incorrect
receiver. All units can be configured with a binary address of 1 to 4095. This addressing scheme is done
through software which, on the receive units, will also display the configured transmitter address. A
sample JungleMUX Craft Interface (JCI) screen for a DTT-RCV unit is shown. Note the BC96 addressing
fields.
Figure 38: Security Features
If for any reason the address is corrupted or not received at all, a channel unit alarm is initiated and all
circuit functions are disabled (e.g. no false trip signals for DTT-RCV units are processed).
The above mentioned units also have numerous self-check features. Input keying loops on DTT-XMT
units are continuously self-tested and the integrity monitoring of DC trip circuits on DTT-RCV units is
performed. Also, internal A/D circuits and voltage levels on CDR units and input fuses for ATU-XMT units
are continuously monitored.
3.6 Local and Remote Monitoring and Configuration

The JungleMUX Network Craft Interface (JNCI) software allows the user to monitor and configure a
system from any node. Visibility of nodes is down to the DS0 level which includes monitoring,
configuration and alarm reporting. Manual path switching is also available. JNCI screens and features
are provided in detail in Section 6. Testing of VT/STS-1 paths and BER monitoring are some of the
maintenance functions supported by the JNCI.

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3.7 Modular Design and Expansion

The JungleMUX system was designed such that interface units could be easily added as system
requirements grow. All interface units can be installed in any of the Expansion Shelf slots 2 to 14 or
Common Equipment Shelf slots 2 to 11. JVT bus extensions are easily performed through modular plugs
and connectors. A variety of extension cables allow the user to add more shelves and equipment to any
existing node.
Each interface unit has a corresponding interconnect paddleboard which provides the necessary
connections for the customer interface.
86431 86434 86431

POWER 86432 86432
JMUX UNIT SERVICE JMUX UNIT POWER
UNIT UNIT
UNIT
(MAIN) (AUX)
1 DTT
TB1 TB4
J2 RECEIVE
C1 P15 A1 P14A P14 P13A P13 P12A P12 P11 P10 P9 P8 P7 P6 C1 A1 TB3 C1 A1 1 P3 P2 P1
GND1 C1 A1
- + B1
(GND)
P38
(PWR) (PWR) 1
P37 P33 P31 P29 P27 P25 P21 P19 P17
2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2
1 1 1 1 TB6 TB51 1 1 1
1
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
GND2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
CBA P36 P32 P30 P28 P26 P24 C16 A16 1 P20 P18 P16 C B A
16 16 ISS 903
TB2
8
P1
86422-90
SYNC SIGNAL TO/FROM PADDLEBOARD INSTALLED

OTHER RINGS ON BACKPLANE (EXAMPLE)
087-86430-90 JVT BUS JVT BUS EXTENSION
EXTENSION SUBASSEMBLY TO EXPANSION SHELF
TO UPPER AND/OR LOWER ADJACENT
TO UPPER AND/OR LOWER ADJACENT SHELF POWER CONNECTION
SHELF GROUND CONNECTION
Figure 39: Common Equipment Shelf (Rear View)
The same shelf is used whether the system operates at the OC-1, OC-3 or OC-12 line rate. External
cooling (i.e. fans) is not required. Shelves can be mounted directly on top of each other.
All JungleMUX units can be installed or removed from the shelf with shelf power applied.

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4 CONFIGURATIONS
4.1 Introduction
The JungleMUX system can be arranged to operate in many different configurations, all using the same
modular units. This permits easy and cost effective growth and migration between configurations.
The OC-1 system has an optical gain of 34 dB with the 1300 nm unit option and 40 dB with the 1550 nm
unit option. This operating margin correlates to typical maximum single-mode fiber distances of 70 and
110 km (40 and 70 miles) respectively.
The OC-3 system has an optical gain of 28 dB with the 1300 nm unit option and 33 dB with the 1550 nm
unit option. This operating margin correlates to typical maximum single-mode fiber distances of 55 and 90
km (35 and 55 miles) respectively.
The OC-12 system has an optical gain of 13dB@1300nm with Intermediate Reach unit option,
25dB@1300nm with Long Reach unit option, and 25dB@1550nm with Extra Long Reach unit option. This
operating margin correlates to typical maximum single-mode fiber distances of up to 15, 40 and 80 km (9,
25 and 50 miles) respectively.
Also, when a 1300nm unit option is used, the optical receiver can be connected directly to the laser source
with no additional optical attenuators required. This may be useful when the distances between the
adjacent nodes are extremely short as well as for system testing and troubleshooting.
4.2 Standalone JungleMUX System

4.2.1 Ring Network
Ring topologies offer the capability for route diversity for all circuits. If a common unit such as a JMUX unit
or JIF-Share unit fails, traffic is automatically rerouted to the alternate stand-by path. Typical switching
time is < 3.0 ms.
Figures 40 and 41 illustrate how traffic is rerouted and passed through a node when a fiber failure occurs.
VT From/To Node B
JIF-Share
Channel
Units
JMUX JMUX
NODE A
VT From/To Node A
JIF-Share
Channel
Units
JMUX JMUX JMUX JMUX
NODE B NODE C
Figure 40: Normal Configuration

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Under normal conditions, a VT (traffic) is assigned between Site A and Site B. The shortest path between
two sites is usually assigned as priority path. Traffic is transmitted along both paths but is only received in
one direction. VT path switching takes place in a pair of JIF-Share units. Although there are in effect two
JIF-Share units (one for the Left JMUX unit and one for the Right JMUX unit), the JIF-Share units are
shown above as one unit.
VT From/To Node B
JIF-Share
Channel
Cable Failure Units
JMUX JMUX
NODE A
VT From/To Node A
JIF-Share
Channel
Units
JMUX JMUX JMUX JMUX
NODE B NODE C
Figure 41: Fiber Failure
When a failure occurs, the traffic is rerouted to the back-up (stand-by) path. Traffic is passed through all
nodes on the back-up path and all circuit communications are maintained. This node-through-delay for
the VT depends on the type of JMUX unit and it equals to 14 µs and 20 µs per node for OC-1 and OC-3
units respectively. The system reverts back to the priority path when the abnormal condition has been
corrected.
A detailed description on clock synchronization and failure scenarios is included in Section 5.
4.2.2 Linear Add & Drop Network
A linear network can also be configured using JMUX units. This type of configuration does not offer route
diversity in the event of an equipment failure or damaged fiber (Figure 42).
After a failure, traffic will still be maintained within the "islands" and one node for each island will supply a
clock sync source for that leg of the network.

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JungleMUX JungleMUX JungleMUX JungleMUX
NODE A NODE B NODE C NODE D
Example VT Assignment:
(a) Normal Condition
NODE A - NODE B
NODE A - NODE C
NODE B - NODE D
NODE C - NODE D
NODE A NODE B NODE C NODE D

Example VT Assignment: Traffic Maintained:
NODE A - NODE B (b) Failure Condition NODE A - NODE B
NODE A - NODE C NODE C - NODE D
NODE B - NODE D
NODE C - NODE D Traffic Terminated:
NODE A - NODE C
NODE B - NODE D
Figure 42: Linear Network
The following figure shows two nodes in a linear network. The left node is a terminal site where all the
circuits are dropped. The right node is an add/drop site where some of the traffic may be dropped and
other traffic added. Traffic from the terminal site that is not being dropped at the add/drop node is passed
through this node to be dropped and terminated at a different node in the network.
Terminal Node Add/Drop Node
Video I/O VMapper

Voice Video I/O
40
2W, 4W
VMapper
RS-232 DS3 DS3 DS3
40
56 - 64
kb/s OC-3 JMUX OC-3 JMUX OC-3 JMUX
N x 64 UNIT UNIT UNIT
kb/s
DTT OC-3 OC-3

JIF-DS1 JIF-DS1
JIF-SHARE Voice
CDR UNIT 2W, 4W
Ethernet
RS-232 DTT
Multipoint
Quad-DS1
Contact CDR
I/O JIF-FDM
JIF-DS1
RS-232
JIF-DS1 Multipoint
56 - 64 JIF-SHARE
Ethernet kb/s UNIT
JIF-FDM N x 64
kb/s
Service Power Contact
Service Power
Unit Supply I/O Unit Supply
Figure 43: Drop and Insert Application (OC-3 example)

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4.2.3 Multiple Network System
A JungleMUX system can be made of multiple networks (rings, linear networks, and spurs). Traffic is
passed between networks via VTs (using JIF-Share units), via STS-1 SPEs (by interconnecting SPE ports
of collocated nodes) or via Vports (by interconnecting VMapper unit Vports).
JungleMUX
JungleMUX JungleMUX
TIE TIE
TRAFFIC Ring # 1 TRAFFIC Ring # 2
JungleMUX JungleMUX JungleMUX JungleMUX JungleMUX
JungleMUX JungleMUX
TIE TRAFFIC
Notes:
TIE TRAFFIC may include VT-Tie, SPE-Tie and/or Vport Tie connections.
Each ring/linear network may operate at different OC capacity.
Figure 44: JungleMUX System Comprising Multiple Rings, Linear Network and Spur
4.3 JungleMUX and Foreign SONET Networks

JungleMUX can interoperate with foreign (non-JungleMUX) SONET equipment. Below are some typical
network configurations.
4.3.1 JungleMUX Ring Established Through a Foreign Higher Order SONET Network Capable of
Switching at STS-1 Level Only
When a JungleMUX network is used in conjunction with a non-JungleMUX higher order SONET network it
must be line-timed from the higher order network. As all nodes in the JungleMUX system must be
synchronous to each other, the higher order SONET network must also be synchronized.
The higher order SONET network is transparent for JungleMUX NMS information as long as the STS-1#1
in the virtual JungleMUX OC-N ring reaches all JungleMUX nodes in the ring as STS-1#1 (see Section 6
for more details).

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STS-1 or STS-3
VIRTUAL RING OC-48 OC-48
ADM ADM
OC-48 Ring
OC-48 OC-48 OC-48
ADM ADM ADM
JungleMUX JungleMUX
TIE TRAFFIC TIE TRAFFIC
JungleMUX JungleMUX
JungleMUX JungleMUX
Figure 45: JungleMUX OC-3 Virtual Ring Established Through OC-48 Backbone Ring
JungleMUX JungleMUX JungleMUX
N x STS-1 OC-48 OC-48 N x STS-1

ADM ADM
OC-48 Ring
OC-48 OC-48
ADM OC-48 ADM
ADM
JungleMUX JungleMUX
JungleMUX OC-N Ring
JungleMUX JungleMUX JungleMUX
Figure 46: JungleMUX OC-N (N=1, 3, 12) Virtual Ring Closed Through OC-48 Backbone Ring

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4.3.2 JungleMUX Ring Established Through a Foreign Higher Order SONET Network Capable of
Switching at VT1.5 Level
The higher order SONET network must be maintained synchronous to ensure the proper operation of the
JungleMUX in all single-point-of-failure scenarios.
The higher order SONET network is transparent for JungleMUX NMS information only if the STS-1#1 in
the JungleMUX ring is kept intact on its way through the non-JungleMUX network, i.e. if no VTs from STS-
1#1 are dropped or cross-connected within non-JungleMUX network (see Section 6 for more details).
DS1
OC-12
OC-12 ADM OC-12
ADM ADM
OC-12 Ring
OC-12 OC-12
ADM OC-12 ADM
ADM
JungleMUX JungleMUX
OC-3 Ring
JungleMUX JungleMUX
DS1
Figure 47: DS1 Circuit Established between JungleMUX and non-JungleMUX SONET Nodes
4.3.3 Applications with SONET Radio
One or more optical hops in an OC-1 or OC-3 JungleMUX network can be replaced with a SONET
microwave radio system (Figure 48). Different SONET radio manufacturers will have different interface
requirements. Typically, STS-3 radio equipment supports OC-3 optical interface on the drop side so the
JungleMUX OC-3 equipment can be interfaced optically. On the other hand, when STS-1 radio is used in
an OC-1 JungleMUX network, the interface used is STS-1, i.e. the JMUX unit interfacing STS-1 radio
equipment must be equipped with STS-1 (electrical) interface.
JungleMUX JungleMUX
JungleMUX OC-1 or OC-3 Ring JungleMUX
JungleMUX JungleMUX
Figure 48: JungleMUX Ring with Microwave Radio Hops

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5 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION AND ENGINEERING
5.1 Introduction
The JungleMUX system is an integrated SONET drop & insert multiplexer capable of interfacing capable
of interfacing a variety of drop equipment signals. The system supports a number of configurations as
described in Section 4. Sections 2 and 7 provide a brief overview of the common and interface units
supported by the system.
The system is modular in design to allow for simple capacity upgrades and the ability to interface new
systems with existing in-service systems. All units are housed in standard 19" equipment shelves that are
either 4 rack-mount spaces in height (Common Equipment Shelf) or 2 rack-mount spaces in height
(Expansion Shelf).
All common equipment and interface units are powered from the +5 VDC shelf bus. Power units convert
station battery or AC power input to +5 VDC. Station battery is also required on all DTT keying loops and
DTT test panels.
5.2 Synchronization and Clocking

The internal clocks of all the nodes in a JungleMUX system must be referenced back to a single clock
source. For self-healing ring configurations, proper sync distribution must be maintained even in the case
of a ring failure.
The JungleMUX system synchronization follows the Bellcore/Telcordia standard "line timing" method.
Line timing implies that there is a node designated as "Headend node" which provides the reference clock
for the entire system.
The reference clock may be generated either internally (by one of the JMUX units) or externally using
Building Integrated Timing Supply (BITS) clock. In the latter case the clock reference (all-ones DS1
signal) is introduced to the JMUX node via External Sync unit (covered in detail in Section 2).
A JMUX unit has a user-configurable parameter called "Node Type". At a node, this parameter must be
configured identically at both left and right JMUX units. The "Node Type" can be set to "Normal", "Slave",
or "Headend".
A JungleMUX node configured as "Headend" generates its own clock. By default, the right JMUX unit
provides the reference clock and the left JMUX unit is shelf timed; however, if the right unit fails (or is
being replaced for maintenance), the left unit takes over the clock generation task. This clock is used to
time the unit's outgoing optical signal as well as the local node through a 2 kHz shelf clock. The left JMUX
unit is "shelf timed", i.e. it is timed from the 2kHz shelf clock. All other nodes in the same ring or linear
network receive their sync reference from the incoming SONET signal and are configured as “Normal”.
In the case when the sync reference is provided by the BITS clock, the Headend-designated node is
equipped with External Sync unit and is configured as “Slave”. At a "Slave" node, both JMUX units are
"shelf timed".

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At a site with two or more collocated JungleMUX nodes belonging to different ring or linear networks (tie
site) the reference clock is passed across through a dedicated 2kHz sync-tie cable. A node receiving the
reference clock through the sync-tie cable is configured as "Slave". All other nodes in the same ring or
linear network receive the clock from the incoming SONET signal and are configured for “Normal”. This
ensures that there is only one clock source for the entire system.
5.2.1 Reference Clock Distribution Within Ring
In a ring network (Figure 49), each left JMUX unit is optically connected to the downstream node’s right
JMUX unit. This left-to-right fiber connection is maintained for all nodes in the ring. Under normal
conditions, all nodes configured as “Normal” are synchronized to the incoming clock signal through their
left JMUX units. The left JMUX unit (line timed) supplies a 2 kHz "shelf-sync" to the right JMUX unit so
only one fiber direction (A-FIBER) is used for reference clock distribution.
HEADEND
JMUX JMUX
R L
A-FIBRE CLKOK-A A-FIBRE
2 kHz
B-FIBRE B-FIBRE
REF CLKOK-B
NODE 1
JMUX 6.48 JMUX
MHz
L DENOTE CLKOK-A/B IS "TRUE" R
IN LINE OVERHEAD BYTE S1 2
NODE 2 2 NODE 4
kHz kHz
DENOTES CLKOK-A/B IS "FALSE"
JMUX JMUX
6.48
R MHz L
NODE 3
JMUX JMUX
B-FIBRE L R B-FIBRE
6.48
A-FIBRE MHz 2 kHz
A-FIBRE
Figure 49: Normal Synchronization
"CLKOK" refers to an overhead bit used to indicate that the bit rate of the data on a fiber can be used as a
reference clock by the receiving node. This bit is carried in Byte S1 of the Transport Overhead.
Note in the above figure that A-FIBER is the input to the left JMUX unit and B-FIBER is the input to the
right JMUX unit. Under normal conditions, if a node is receiving CLKOK on A-FIBER, it uses "Line
Timing" from A-FIBER. The 6.48 MHz signal is derived from the incoming OC-N signal and is used for the
transmit B-FIBER direction.
In the case of a fiber failure (Figure 50), the left JMUX unit will lose its incoming reference clock signal
(CLKOK) on A-FIBER but since the node is receiving a good OC-N signal on B-FIBER, it will use "Line
Timing" from B-FIBER. The right JMUX unit (and all other downstream right JMUX units) will be "Line
Timed" while the left JMUX units will be "Shelf Timed".

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HEADEND
JMUX JMUX
R L
2 kHz
B-FIBRE B-FIBRE
REF CLKOK-B
NODE 1
JMUX 6.48 6.48
MHz MHz JMUX
L DENOTE CLKOK-A/B IS "TRUE" R
2 IN LINE OVERHEAD BYTE S1 2
NODE 2 kHz NODE 4
kHz
DENOTES CLKOK-A/B IS "FALSE"
JMUX JMUX
R L
NODE 3
JMUX JMUX
B-FIBRE L R B-FIBRE
2 kHz
A-FIBRE 6.48 A-FIBRE
MHz
Figure 50: Fiber Failure Synchronization
If a Headend node fails (worst case scenario - Figure 51), by default the last node in the ring (A-FIBER
direction) will generate an internal master reference source for the system and becomes the new
Headend. A sync switch takes place and the resync time is 0.5ms/node. Multiple fiber failures in a ring
system will still allow the nodes within each "island" to continue their inter-node communications.
HEADEND
JMUX JMUX
R L
2 kHz
B-FIBRE B-FIBRE
CLKOK-B
NODE 1
JMUX JMUX
L NEW R
DENOTES CLKOK-A/B IS "TRUE" REF
2 IN LINE OVERHEAD BYTE S1 2
NODE 2 kHz kHz NODE 4
JMUX DENOTES CLKOK-A/B IS "FALSE" JMUX

R 6.48 L
MHz
NODE 3
JMUX JMUX
B-FIBRE L B-FIBRE
R
2 kHz
A-FIBRE 6.48 A-FIBRE
MHz
Figure 51: Headend Node Failure Synchronization

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5.3 Propagation Delay

Since certain types of utility traffic require minimal delays between path ends, the JungleMUX node-
through delay has been kept to a minimum. When a VT signal is passed through an OC-1 node, it
experiences a delay of less than 14 µs (Figure 52). At an OC-3 node, the VT pass-through delay is 20 µs.
A VT signal added on or dropped from a JIFport experiences a maximum delay of 15 µs and 19 µs for
OC-1 and OC-3 JMUX units respectively. The JIF-Share unit causes another 7 µs of delay to process the
individual VTs. Each DS0 level interface unit will have its own delays associated with it. The light
propagating in the fiber experiences a delay of about 5 µs/km.
Voice Voice
2W, 4W 2W, 4W
DTT OC-1 OC-1 DTT

OC-1 JMUX OC-1 JMUX OC-1 JMUX
CDR UNITS UNITS UNITS CDR
RS-232 RS-232
JIF-SHARE JIF-SHARE
56-64 UNIT UNIT 56-64
kb/s kb/s
N x 64 N x 64
kb/s kb/s
CONTACT CONTACT
I/O I/O
VARIABLE JIF-SHARE OC-1 JMUX OC-1 JMUX (Through) OC-1 JMUX JIF-SHARE VARIABLE
TIME (Standard VT) Add/Drop: 14 µs (per through-node) Add/Drop: (Standard VT) TIME
DELAYS Add/Drop: 7 µs 15 µs + 15 µs Add/Drop: 7 µs DELAYS
Fiber Propagation Delay
5 µs/km
Figure 52: Propagation Delay Through an OC-1 JungleMUX System
5.4 JungleMUX Craft Interface Software (JCI)

All software configurable settings and unit monitoring can be performed through the unit's RJ-11 Craft
Interface using JCI software. The JCI software runs on a 386 or better PC and communicates to the unit
at 9600 b/s using asynchronous RS-232 interface i.e. one of the serial (COM) ports on the PC. The JCI
communicates to the unit microprocessor to set configurable settings and display unit monitoring
functions.
The user can also access all unit information through the JNCI (JungleMUX Network Craft Interface)
software connected through the Service unit. The JungleMUX network management features are covered
in Section 6.

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5.5 Engineering
All customer purchased systems are completely engineered down to the DS0 level. Shelf layout, channel
assignments, VT assignments and synchronization are all engineered and documented for future
customer reference. This allows for either GE Multilin or the user, to add to or modify the existing system.
A key component in the engineering process is the Node Assignment Drawing (NAD). Each node in a
system has a NAD which shows all required information at that node. A sample drawing is shown in the
figure below.
SITE: A
FIBRE TO: SITE B FIBRE TO: SITE C RING:

4 3
RACK #:
6
HEADEND: SITE C
L RING: 1 R
1
CH 1 JVT-R (PAIR 1) JVT-S (PAIR 1) VT#4x: SITE H JVTL/R slot VT MODE
NODE: 1
VT#13x: SITE C S L 1 4x STD 1300nm 1300nm
CH 2 CH 1 CH 2 CH 1 CH 1 R R 2 13x STD SYNC MODE
Q - 3 9x SHR
BC96 TX: 0023 BC96 RX: 0032

P R 4 14x STD NORMAL 2 7
PAIR 1
130 V LS HS L R 84 VT 84 VT 130 V
JIFPORT 1
PWR O/W 4W DATA DATA DTT TX DTT RX JIF-SHARE JIF-SHARE JMUX SERV JMUX PWR
JVT-P (PAIR 1) VT#14: SITE G JVT-Q (PAIR 1) VT#9JVT L/R slot VT JVT L/R slot VT
slot 1 TO 7
S R 5 10x S L 1 1x
CH 2 CH 1 CH 13 CH 4 CH 3 CH 1 (L)
R R CH 2 (R) R L 6 11x R R 2 2x
VT 15x TO 21x
BC96 CH 7 CH 19 RING Q R 7 12x Q R 3 5x
SITE B SITE C
TX: 0158
1, 2 P - - - P L 4 6x
RX: 0815 BC96 TX: 0041 PAIR 2
(RTU) PAIR 4 PAIR 3
BC96 RX:0014
130 V CONTACT
PTM L R L R L R 130 V
JIFPORT 3 JIFPORT 3 JIFPORT 2
PWR I/O CDR HCB 2W FXS 4W DATA QUAD-DS1 QUAD-DS1 QUAD-DS1 QUAD-DS1 ETHERNET ETHERNET PWR 8
TRANSMIT RECEIVE
CCT1 CCT2 CCT3 CCT4 CCT1 CCT2 CCT3 CCT4
86429-M2 DTT TEST PANEL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 5
0 See Description Below
Figure 53: Typical Node Assignment Drawing
The following information is shown on the drawing:
1. Indicates both the downstream and upstream node on the ring. If the far-end JMUX unit Left/Right
designation is not stated, it is assumed that the Left unit at the local node connects to the Right unit at
the far-end and vice versa.
2. Indicates how the node is configured for synchronization (JMUX unit’s Node Type field). May be
HEADEND, NORMAL or SLAVE.
3. Indicates what JVT port is being used (JVT-S), on what JIF level unit pair (PAIR 1). Also shows VT
assignment (VT#4x) and where the VT is being dropped at the far end (SITE H).
4. Indicates DS0 channel assignment in the VT for the given channel interface unit. Other information
shown is BC96 address for DTT, CDR, ATU, and Contact I/O units as well as priority path and far-end
drop site for channels dropped off a shared VT.

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5. Provides slot reference bar for unit shelf slot location.
6. Shows JIF level unit pair configuration. Indicates priority path for JVT ports (for standard VTs only),
the JIFport slot and VT# assigned to the JVT port, the JVT port mode of operation, and the
JMUX/SPE-JIF unit‘s JIFport being used.
7. Provides Site location, Ring # and Rack #, and what node in the system is the HEADEND.
8. Provides the unit name.
5.6 Design Specifications

The JungleMUX system has been designed to operate in harsh environments. This includes temperature
extremes as well as SWC (Surge Withstand Capability), RFI (Radio Frequency Interference) and EMI
(Electromagnetic Interference).
Operation is guaranteed over the extended ambient temperature range of -20 to +60 ºC (-4 to +140 ºF).
All external metallic interfaces to the system, be they signal (voice, data), power or alarm & control are
capable of withstanding fast surge voltage transients of 4000 volts per ANSI/IEEE C37.90.1.
The system also meets ANSI/IEEE C37.90.2 which is specified for RFI immunity.

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6 OPERATIONS, ADMINISTRATION, MAINTENANCE

AND PROVISIONING
6.1 Introduction
This section contains Operations, Administration, Maintenance and Provisioning (OAM&P) functions
supported by the JungleMUX Network Management System (NMS). The NMS allows monitoring, testing
and configuration of the various common and interface units in a node from any or several nodes.
Communication to different NEs in the system is performed by sending encoded operation messages
using bit-oriented channels. For NMS transport, a user has two options. First one is to select DCC bytes
in the Transport Overhead (TOH) for Bellcore/Telcordia standards compliance. Another option is to select
unused bytes of the first STS-1 SPE in the OC-N signal. This option allows the NMS information to be
passed through any higher-order non-JungleMUX SONET transport nodes that may be used with
JungleMUX in the same system.
All NMS features and functions are handled by a Service unit. The Service unit monitors alarms from
individual units and provides Major and Minor office alarm relays. An "Alarm Engine" in the NMS software
is tasked with handling all incoming alarms while displaying helpful information to the user for assistance
in maintenance and troubleshooting procedures.
A Network Management Interface allows the user access to a series of powerful, menu driven, industry
standard (MS Windows) screens, which provide the user complete monitoring information and
configuration control of a JungleMUX system.
The Network Management program (JNCI – JungleMUX Network Craft Interface) can run on a
workstation running Windows 3.11, Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows NT, or Windows 2000.
6.2 Features
The NMS allows for remote monitoring, testing, path-switching and reconfiguration of any node from any
other node in the system. This includes multiple rings plus spur configurations. A "check-back" before
any actual reconfiguration is used to ensure against incorrect configuration commands.
The NMS provides for simultaneous monitoring and configuration from more than one node. By allowing
multiple user access, maintenance personnel have real time information of the network for testing and
troubleshooting, as well as the potential of back-up control centers.
An industry standard graphical user interface (Microsoft Windows) for displaying the desired level of detail
is used. A "drilling" scheme is incorporated to provide the user access to all levels of the network
including a seamless integration of NMS communications right down to the DS0 channel unit level. This
allows displays of information all the way from the OC-N optical receive levels, to the state of DTT relaying
channels, the current/voltage levels on the pilot wire interfaces, and activity on data channel interface
units.
Automatic protection against path failures is provided.
Note: Some of the above features are optional and the system must be ordered as such.

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6.3 Node Communications

The Service unit, at each node, constantly polls the local JMUX and External Sync units for their presence
and summary status bits, generating a "node-view" packet for the node. This polling of the JMUX and
External Sync units is done over a half-duplex 1 Mb/s Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) microprocessor
bus.
In addition to this constant polling, the SPI bus is used for requests to JMUX units for more detailed status
information on each unit at the node. The response from the units back to the Service unit can be
anywhere from 6 to 400 bytes. This information can be for any of the operating parameters of the unit (i.e.
received optical level), for any of the configuration bytes (i.e. priority direction) or status of a re-
configuration command.
6.3.1 JMUX to JIF Level Unit Communications
This communication uses the overhead channel in the JIFport data link. Seven VTs on the JIFport occupy
12.096 Mb/s (7 x 1728 kb/s) of the 12.96 Mb/s JIFport capacity, leaving 864 kb/s for the NMS channel.
For each assigned VT, each JMUX unit polls the appropriate JIFport to check that a JIF level unit is
properly configured and healthy. The JMUX unit keeps a 28-entry table for these responses plus a
summary JIF level status byte for the NMS system view icons.
When the NMS workstation operator desires more local JIF level unit information, the request/response
paths also use this channel.
6.3.2 JIF-Share Unit to Channel Unit Communications
These communications use the overhead channel in the JVT port data link which connects these units. A
VT payload uses 1.728 Mb/s while the JVT serial clock operates at 2.592 Mb/s (this is done by dividing the
JIFport clock by 5). This leaves 864 kb/s for the NMS channel and multi-frame synchronization (NMS
data is actually around 10kb/s).
Each on-line JIF-Share unit polls each of the 24 channel slots on each provisioned JVT bus to maintain a
database of the equipped DS0 channel units and their status.
JungleMUX
NODE B
RING 1
RS-232 JungleMUX JungleMUX
NODE A NODE C
NMS Workstation
Figure 54: NMS Workstation Connection

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Further specific information is obtained, as required by JungleMUX Network Craft Interface channel unit
commands.
6.4 Intra-Ring Communications

The Service unit at each node communicates with the Service units at other nodes in the same ring/linear
network using one or more of the overhead bytes in the OC-N signal (each byte provides 64kb/s). The
NMS packets are sent out on both left and right JMUX unit optical outputs. It is the responsibility of the
destination node to resolve the arrival of duplicate packets. The receipt of every command packet
"destined-for-here" has a sequence number and CRC. Prior to acting upon a command, the history
memory is searched for a matching unique ID and, if found, the command is discarded.
The Service unit multiplexes all Orderwire bytes from both fiber directions into a "standard JVT-format"
bus, which is cabled to shelf slot positions in the same manner as the "normal" JVT-to-channel-unit
cabling. This provides an "Orderwire JVT Bus" into which can be plugged Orderwire units and/or 4W VF
Partyline units.
6.5 Ring-to-Ring Communications

For multi-ring NMS communications, each Service unit has two bidirectional NMS-Tie ports called Jpack
ports which connect to a Service unit on another ring/linear network. At the collocated JungleMUX nodes
(belonging to different ring/linear networks) the Jpack ports are connected through special NMS-Tie
cables.
6.6 JNCI Workstation Communications

Each Service unit has a standard 9600 b/s serial port for connection to a standard "COM" port on a PC
running the JNCI (a Microsoft Windows based program).
For convenience, a choice of RJ-11 connectors is available either on the front of the Service unit or on the
unit paddleboard. This port may be extended to other locations using a standard 9600 b/s modem.
6.7 JNCI System View

Upon loading the JNCI software and connection to a Service unit is made, the JNCI will display the
System View window for that network. This comprises one ICON for each node with lines illustrating the
fiber interconnects.
This screen provides the user the following capabilities:
• Facilities to sketch and design the network layout

• On-line monitoring of JMUX, JIF level and channel unit alarms
• Ability to rename nodes and modify the system layout
• Group the nodes (useful for multiple ring systems)
• Creation of a fiber information field for recording splice locations, OTDR readings, etc.
• Ability to select a node and "drill" down to the Node View

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The timer interrupt for this window will initially ask the Service unit for the NODE-ICON-BYTES for all the
nodes and update the colored areas of the icons accordingly; thereafter, the TIMER will ask for only any
changes. These bytes are also monitored by the JNCI Alarm Engine.
The Service unit responds to these JNCI requests from a database which the unit updates from the nodes'
broadcast NODE-ICON packets.
A typical System View is shown in Figure 55. The upper part of every node icon will be colored according
to node type (HEADEND, SLAVE or NORMAL) and how each JMUX unit at the node is synchronized.
Each node icon is divided in two for both the left and right halves of the common equipment. The top line
is for the JMUX units, the middle line for the JIF level units and the bottom line for the DS0 channel units.
Each "line-level" will display normal operation (green), alert conditions (amber), fail conditions (red),
loopback commands (blue) and "far-end alarm" conditions (yellow) for when remote units are failed.
The JNCI Alarm Engine icon can be seen at the bottom of the screen and is always running to report
immediate status of any alarms. The Alarm Engine will be discussed later in this section.
Figure 55: JNCI System View
6.7.1 Ring View Mode
The Ring View Mode is an option found on the System View menu bar (under Window) and allows the
user to "abstract" rings (or lines) in a JungleMUX system into separate Ring Views. This mode is most
useful for laptops or displays that are not capable of viewing an entire System View that comprise many
nodes in different rings.

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When set to this mode, the system view is no longer populated with Node Icons but rather Ring Icons.
The Ring Icon represents the logical “OR” of all the Node Icons in a given Ring View. To see the Node
Icons for a particular ring click on the Ring Icon and the Ring View containing these icons will open.
All functions such as adding nodes/groups, deleting nodes/groups etc. are available in this mode.
NODE ICON DESCRIPTION

1) Left JMUX unit line loopback (blue)
2) Left JMUX unit yellow alarm (yellow)
3) Left JMUX unit status (amber – alert, red – fail)
28 29 4) Left JMUX unit local loopback (blue)
5) Major alarm (red)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 6) Right JMUX unit local loopback (blue)
7) Right JMUX unit status (amber – alert, red – fail)
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
8) Right JMUX unit yellow alarm (yellow)
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 9) Right JMUX unit line loopback (blue)
10) Left JIF level unit XMT/RCV Test VT (blue)
TYPICAL NODE ICON 11) Left JIF level unit yellow alarm (yellow)
12) Left JIF level unit status (amber-alert, red-fail)
14) Minor alarm (red) or latched alarm (yellow)
16) Right JIF level unit status (amber – alert, red – fail)
17) Right JIF level unit yellow alarm (yellow)
18) Right JIF level unit XMT/RCV Test VT (blue)
19) DS0 channel test (blue)
21) DS0 channel status alarm or alert (red)
Note: A white border around the node icon is an 25) DS0 channel status alarm or alert (red)
indication that the JNCI program is connected to 27) DS0 channel test (blue)
this node. 28) Left JMUX unit sync (solid green – line timing, hatch
green – shelf timing, turquoise – internal timing,
Fields 13, 15, 20, 22, 23, 24, 26 are not currently used. solid pink – left External Sync unit present and on-line,
hatch pink – left External Sync unit present and off-line)
29) Right JMUX unit sync (solid green – line timing, hatch
green – shelf timing, turquoise – internal timing,
solid pink – right External Sync unit present and on-line,
hatch pink – right External Sync unit present and off-line)
Figure 56: Node Icon Description
6.8 JNCI Node View

When more details of a node are required, the user selects the node (mouse click) thereby opening up a
Node View (Figure 57). This screen provides the user with the following capabilities:
• Optical status information

• Configuration and traffic information
• Unit information
• Test information (i.e. Local or Line loopback)
• BER and diagnostic information
• SONET processor information
• Alarm and status information
The timer interrupt for this window will initially ask the Service unit for the appropriate Node View packets
for this node and update the text and colored areas of the window accordingly. Thereafter, the timer will
ask only for changes. The Service unit responds to these NMS requests by encapsulating the bytes into
the 35-byte packet structure for transport over the JungleMUX system to the destination node.

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The upper section of this view displays the status of both left and right JMUX units as well as their
parameters and performance information. This information is accessed through multiple tabs at the top of
the view1.
The lower section of the screen displays the VTs that are added/dropped at the node, their priority and
status as well as the status of DS0 channel units at the node. To "drill-down" to the next level, the user
would select (mouse click) the VT and the view for the JIF level unit terminating the selected VT would be
displayed.
The lower section also displays the Service unit status information. If a Power unit at the node was failed,
the respective indicator in the Service unit field would be red.
If an External Sync unit is present at the node, the field to the right of the Service unit field indicates its
presence and alarm status. Otherwise, this field is blank.
Figure 57: JNCI Node View
1 OC-1 JMUX Node View provides no tabs (all JMUX unit parameters are displayed in a single view).

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6.9 JNCI JIF Level Unit View

The JNCI JIF Level Unit View (Figure 58) is the next layer in the "drilling" scheme for the NMS. This
screen provides the user with the following capabilities:
• Monitoring and configuration information for the selected JIF level unit
• Displays inventory list for the DS0 channels at each node (JIF-Share unit only)1
• Reflects status of the DS0 channel units
The user will select the left JIF level unit from the Node View with the left mouse button and the right JIF
level unit with the right mouse button. Besides displaying the unit information, the JIF-Share unit screen
also provides a tab for each of its four JVT ports. When a tab is selected (and associated JVT port is
configured to drop DS0 traffic), the view displays which of the 24 available channels for the VT assigned to
the given JVT port are being used and by what interface unit (Figure 59). Occurrence of a JIF-Share or
channel unit alarm would highlight the respective field in red. In the case of a channel alarm, the user
would select that channel to drill down to the respective unit to determine the abnormal condition.
Figure 58: JIF-Share Unit Main JNCI View
Through the JNCI, the user can perform maintenance activities such as end-to-end VT continuity tests or
forcing VTs to switch to the back-up path (to verify that in case of failure the service would still be
maintained).
1 JChannel software must be installed. See NMS Access to DS0 Channel Units later in this section.

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Figure 59: JIF-Share Unit JVT Bus View
6.10 JNCI Alarm Engine

The JNCI Alarm Engine provides the user with the following capabilities:
• On-line alarm and status information display

• Alarm logging and date and time stamping
• Alarm acknowledgment
• Maintenance of an alarm history file
• Export of an alarm history file to Microsoft Excel spreadsheet for analysis
• Ability to connect to a printer (one line per alarm)
The user has the option, through software, to distinguish what events will activate the PC beeper. If an
optional alarm relay board is installed in the workstation, the relay contacts on the board may be activated
along with PC beeper. Each alarm history event can be saved to either a file or can be sent to a printer.
All real-time alarms can be sent to either a Recorder file or Recorder printer for continuous alarm logging.

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Figure 60: JNCI Alarm Engine
6.11 Remote Configuration

The JNCI provides remote configuration capabilities if the JConfig software has been installed in addition
to the basic JNCI installation. Security features like user security management, user password control,
history tracking and encryption of the data base have been included in the JConfig software.
When the JConfig software is installed the History and Security menu options are available in the System
View.
6.11.1 History Menu
The History menu allows the user to view any configuration performed on the JungleMUX system through
the JNCI program, provided this feature is enabled by the system controller. The history log keeps track
of the following information for each configuration change performed through JNCI:
Date: The date of the configuration
Time: The time of the configuration
Unit: The unit and its location
User: The user who made the configuration
Field: The field that was configured on this unit
Change: Specifies the old value and what it was configured to.

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Figure 61: History Log
6.11.2 Security Menu
The Security menu offers the user three choices: Configuration Session, Password Change and Security
Management.
Security Management
The system controller is the only user who may access the Security Management option, provided the
correct password has been entered. The Security Manager view allows the system controller to set up the
NMS environment as necessary for configuration of the JungleMUX system via the JNCI software.
The following tabs are provided by the Security Manager:

User List
History
General
User Security
Field Security
User List: This tab in the Security Manager allows the system controller to add or delete users for
password protection. If password protection is enabled a configuration session must be started in order
for any configuration to take place. Only members on the User list can enable a configuration session
after entering the correct password.
History: This tab allows the system controller additional options to clear the present history log or save the
present history log to a file or to enable/disable the history log option.
General: This tab allows the system controller to enable or disable password protection for NMS
configurations and to enable or disable usage of small ring icons.
User Security: This tab allows the system controller to set the security level a selected user will have for a
particular unit. Level 0 is the highest security level and level 10 is the lowest.

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Field Security: This tab allows the system controller to set the security level required for a user to
configure a specific JungleMUX unit field. The security level of the field can be set from 0 to 10. Level 0
is the highest security level while 10 is the lowest. User confirmation before the actual change is carried
out can be selected for each of the fields.
Configuration Session
If the controller has enabled password protection, all field configurations will require a configuration
session to be active. A configuration session can be enabled in two ways. The first is to click on the
configuration field and a message will prompt if you want to begin a configuration session. The second is
to select the configuration session from the Security menu of the System View.
Password Change
This selection from the Security menu in the System View allows a member on the user list to change
his/her password. All passwords are case sensitive.
The system controller has a very important role to play in the maintaining the user list, user security levels,
field security and the configuration history. For best results only one person should be assigned this task.
In order to maintain the security of the data base jncidata.mdb it is recommended that the password of the
system controller be kept confidential and that unauthorized persons do not have access to JNCI Security
Manager and the distribution of the software.
Figure 62: Security Manager
Figure 63: Configuration Session Setup

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6.12 NMS Access to DS0 Channel Units

The JNCI provides remote visibility/access down to DS0 level units if the JChannel software has been
installed in addition to the basic JNCI installation.
The JNCI (with JChannel installed) displays DS0 channel information for each JVT bus. The JIF-Share
unit uses a mechanism called "autodiscover" to determine the DS0 channel units currently present on its
provisioned JVT ports. The JIF-Share unit maintains this information in a table in its internal non-volatile
EEPROM memory. The channel table is retained in the EEPROM memory even if there is power
disruption. The status of the DS0 channels in the channel table is reflected as:
A Channel unit in alarm Red
A Channel unit in alert Amber
A Channel unit test enabled Blue
Channel View
The Channel View for a particular DS0 channel unit may be opened by selecting the Channel unit in the
JIF-Share Unit JVT View (Figure 59). The status of a Channel unit in the Channel View is reflected as:
Alarm Condition (Critical) Red
Alert (Non Critical) Amber
Test Blue
The path label in the Channel View allows the user to trace a channel path through the network. The
information provided is Node Name, Ring Type, VT Number and Channel Number.
The information displayed in the Channel View is grouped in the following tabs:
Summary Tab
Health Tab
Maintenance Tab
Options Tab
Below are some examples of the Channel View for various Channel units.
Figure 64: Summary Tab 4W VF Channel View
Figure 65: Summary Tab DTT-RCV Unit Channel

View

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7 JUNGLEMUX INTERFACE UNITS
7.1 Introduction
The components that make up a JungleMUX system can be divided into three categories: equipment
shelves, common equipment and interface units. All systems and nodes will have a combination of the
above three. This section contains only information on the interface units. The reader should refer to
Section 2 for common equipment and equipment shelves.
The open architecture of the JungleMUX provides maximum flexibility for network modifications and
growth. New features and interfaces are easily integrated with existing systems.
The following descriptions are intended to provide the reader with the basic functionality of each unit. All
units are covered in detail in their associated Technical Practice and Installation Manual. All manuals can
be obtained through GE Multilin.
7.2 4W VF Unit
The 86444 4W VF unit provides the VF and E&M signaling interface between a 4W VF trunk and a
JungleMUX node. Unit options determine features and capabilities of the unit. The unit can be equipped
with either one or two DS0 channels, with or without E&M signaling. The unit can provide E&M Types
I…Type V Signaling. Transmit and receive levels are software adjustable between -17.5 and +6.5 dBm.
Front panel LEDs provide indication of the state of E&M signals, while a bantam jack allows test-set
access to the signaling channel. The second and third front panel bantam jacks allow access to the
transmit and receive VF signals on a bridging or splitting basis.
The unit has built-in signaling test capabilities and loopback features. Signaling setup and loopback
commands are available through the software.
E M
SIG
TX
RX
ACK ALM
C.I.
86444-
4W VF E & M UNIT
Figure 66: 4W VF E&M Figure 67: 4W VF Unit JCI Screen

Unit Front Panel
An optional internal -48 V supply (required for E&M Types II to V signaling) is available on the dual
channel unit option supporting all 5 types of E&M signaling. Alternatively, an external -48 V customer
supply can be used.

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Customer connections are made on the unit paddleboard through its terminal-block connectors. The
same type of paddleboard is used for all 4W VF unit options.
7.3 2W FXO and 2W FXS Units

The 86445-41 2W Foreign Exchange Office (FXO) unit provides the VF and loop signaling interface
between an FX trunk with ground-start signaling or FX lines with loop-start signaling and a JungleMUX
node.
The 86445-31 2W Foreign Exchange Station (FXS) / Private Line Automatic Ringdown (PLAR) unit
provides the VF and Loop Signaling interface between a 2W FXS end or PBX trunk and a JungleMUX
node. The unit is equipped with an on-board ringing generator and talk battery. The unit allows for
connection of an optional external ringing generator.
The unit can be configured for 2W port impedance of 600 or 900 ohms, with or without series capacitance.
The unit can also be configured for additional Network Build Out Capacitance (NBOC).
Front panel amber LED provides the unit's signaling status, while the bantam jack allows test-set access
to the VF channel on a bridging or splitting basis.
The unit has built-in signaling test capabilities and loopback features. Signaling setup and loopback
commands are available through the software.
BUSY BUSY
T/R T/R
ACK ALM ACK ALM
C.I. C.I.
86445- 86445-
2W VF FXO UNIT 2W VF FXS UNIT
Figure 68: 2W Figure 69: 2W

Figure 70: 2W FXS Unit JCI Screen
FXO Unit Front FXS Unit Front
Panel Panel
Software adjustable VF levels for the FXO unit are:

-14 dBm to +6.0 dBm (XMT)
-20 dBm to +2.0 dBm (RCV)
Software adjustable VF levels for the FXS unit are:

-14 dBm to +6.0 dBm (XMT)
-16 dBm to +5.0 dBm (RCV)
Adjustable current limiting of 20 to 50 mA is available on the FXS unit.
Customer connections are made on the unit paddleboard through its terminal-block connectors. The
same type of paddleboard is used for both FXO and FXS unit options.

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7.4 2W TO E&M Unit

The 86449 2W TO (Transmission Only) E&M unit provides the VF and E&M signaling interface between a
2W VF trunk and a JungleMUX node. Unit options determine features and capabilities of each unit.
The E&M unit option can provide E&M Type I…Type V signaling. Transmit and receive levels are
software adjustable in -17.5 dBm to +6.5 dBm (transmit) and -21.5 dBm to +2.5 dBm (receive) ranges.
Front panel LEDs provide indication of the state of E&M signals, while a bantam jack allows test-set
access to the signaling channel. The second front panel bantam jack allows access to the VF signals on
a bridging or splitting basis.
The E&M unit option has built-in signaling test capabilities. Signaling setup and loopback commands are
available through the software.
E M
ACK ALM
C.I.
86449-
2W VF E&M UNIT
Figure 71: 2W TO E&M Figure 72: 2W TO E&M Unit JCI Screen

Unit Front Panel
The unit can be configured for 2W port impedance of 600 or 900 ohms, with or without series capacitance.
The unit can also be configured for additional Network Build Out Capacitance (NBOC).
Customer connections are made on the unit paddleboard through its terminal-block connectors.

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7.5 4W VF Partyline Unit

The 86474 4W VF Partyline unit provides a multipoint voice communications channel between any two or
more sites in the JungleMUX system via a 4-wire 600Ω balanced interface. The unit has a similar circuitry
to the Orderwire unit but it does not provide Headset/Telset connections and talk battery. A typical
application of the 4W VF Partyline unit is to provide a common communication channel for Remote
Terminal Units (RTUs) equipped with modems (in a SCADA network). The unit connects to the Service
unit's Orderwire port which provides the interface to the Overhead bytes from both the right and left
directions.
The DS0 channel is carried by one of the Overhead bytes. A total of seven bytes can be selected to carry
VF Partyline channels and Orderwire channels in a JungleMUX system, i.e. up to seven independent
Orderwire/Partyline systems can be established within the same JungleMUX system.
A front panel test button can be used to test the visibility of the channel by sending a test signal.
The 4W VF Partyline unit can support the applications that require traffic to be tied across multiple
ring/linear networks.
TEST
ACK ALM
C.I.
86474-
4W VF Partyline Unit
Figure 73: 4W VF Figure 74: 4W Partyline Unit JCI Screen

Partyline Unit Front
Panel

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7.6 DATA-LS Unit

The 86448 DATA-LS unit provides up to four 9.6 kb/s full-duplex asynchronous data ports along with four
end-to-end RS-232 control signals over a single DS0 channel. Data transmission is transparent,
regardless of baud rate, start, stop, or data bits.
The DATA-LS unit can be configured with one, two or four active data ports with maximum baud rates of
38.4 kb/s, 19.2 kb/s and 9.6 kb/s respectively. All ports will accept sub-multiple rates of the programmed
maximum baud rate.
The unit supports Line, Drop, and Line+Drop loopbacks that can be independently enabled for each of the
data ports.
Front panel LEDs provide indication of data port activity.
4
XMT RCV
ALARM
ACK
C.I.
86448-01
DATA-LS UNIT
Figure 75: Data-LS Figure 76: DATA-LS JCI Screen

Unit Front Panel
Total end-to-end delay (excluding

propagation delay in fibers and
through-nodes) is:
• ≈ 0.5 ms @ 38.4 kb/s
• ≈ 0.8 ms @ 19.2 kb/s
• ≈ 1.5 ms @ 9.6 kb/s
Figure 77: RS-232 Connections

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7.7 DATA-PTM Unit

The 86465 DATA-PTM (Point-to-Multipoint) unit provides asynchronous RS-232 interface for transport of
data between multiple sites in a JungleMUX fiber-optic transmission system.
A typical application of the DATA-PTM unit is to provide a common communication channel for Remote
Terminal Units (RTUs) in a SCADA network. The master site is equipped with DATA-PTM unit configured
as a Master Terminal Unit (MTU) and remote sites are equipped with DATA-PTM units configured as
Remote Terminal Units (RTUs).
The units supports one point-to-multipoint data channel at maximum baud rate
of 19.2kb/s. It also accepts data at sub-multiple rates of its maximum baud
rate.
Control lines supported are RTS, CTS, RLSD and DSR.

XMT RCV
The unit occupies one shelf slot and uses two DS0 channels on a JVT bus in
RTS RLSD Share mode of operation. All corresponding DATA-PTM units must be set to
use the same DS0 channels.
ALARM
A DATA-PTM communication channel established in a ring or multi-ring
ACK JungleMUX system is protected against single failure events in the system.
Front panel green LEDs allow monitoring of send and receive data activity as
C.I.
well as the control lines' status. Alarm LED reports the unit alarm condition.
The unit setup, status and port activity are also reported via the JCI and JNCI
86465-01 software.
DATA-PTM UNIT
Connections to external drop equipment can be made via RJ-45 connectors,
Figure 78: Data-PTM DB9 connectors, or screw-in terminal blocks (different paddleboard options).
Unit Front Panel
End-to-end delay is 0.8ms+(N-2)*350µs+L*5µs. N is the total number of DATA-PTM units in the loop
(using the same pair of DS0 channels), and L is the total length of fiber in km.
Figure 79: DATA-PTM Unit JCI Screen

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7.8 HS DATA Unit

The 86446 HS DATA unit provides a single high speed data channel and, depending on unit option,
supports one RS-422 or V.35 control signal over a single DS0 channel.
The HS DATA unit can be configured as a 56 kb/s asynchronous channel with one control lead, a 56 kb/s
synchronous channel with one control lead or a 64 kb/s synchronous channel with no control lead.
XMT RCV
ALARM
ACK
C.I.
86446-01
HS-DATA UNIT
Figure 80: HS Data Figure 81: HS DATA Unit JCI Screen

Unit Front Panel
The customer can connect the drop equipment using either a paddleboard equipped with terminal block
connectors or a paddleboard equipped with standard RS-449 (37-pin) or V.35 (34-pin) connectors.
The terminal blocks provide connections for:

• Send & Receive Data (A & B)
• Send & Receive Timing (A & B)
• Send & Receive Control Signals (A & B)
• Terminal Timing (A & B)
The unit's built-in PRBS generator and PRBS analyzer can be used to test the bit-error performance of the
data channel or to measure round-trip delay of the data signal with no need for external test equipment.
Total end-to-end delay in synchronous mode is ≈ 300 µs (excluding propagation delay in fibers and
through-nodes).

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7.9 DATA-G703 Unit

The 86466 DATA-G703 unit provides the G.703 interface for transport of synchronous or plesiochronous
64kb/s data signal with co-directional timing over a single DS0 channel.
Front panel green LEDs allow monitoring of send and receive data activity at the
data port. The red and yellow LEDs report the alarm status of the local and far-
end units respectively. The unit setup, status and port activity are also reported
via the JCI and JNCI software.
XMT RCV
The unit can be programmed for local loopback, line loopback, or local plus line
YEL
loopback modes.
The unit's built-in PRBS generator and PRBS analyzer can be used to test the
ALARM bit-error performance of the data channel or to measure round-trip delay of the
data signal with no need for external test equipment.
ACK
Customer connections are made on the unit paddleboard through its terminal-
block connectors. This includes Form-C relay alarm connections that may be
C.I.
used to externally monitor the alarm status of the unit.
Total end-to-end delay for the DATA-G703 unit is 675µs (excluding propagation
86466-01
DATA-G703 UNIT delay in fibers and through-nodes).
Figure 82:
Data-G703 Unit Front
Panel
Figure 83: DATA-G703 Unit JCI Screen

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7.10 DATA-NX64 Unit

The 86464-01 DATA-NX64 unit provides the V.35 interface for transport of a synchronous data signal
from 64 kb/s to 768 kb/s between two nodes in a JungleMUX fiber-optic transmission system.
The unit occupies one shelf slot and depending on the data rate selected may be configured to use from
one to twelve DS0 channels of the 24 DS0 channels available on a JVT bus. Both near-end and far-end
units must be set to the same data rate and use the same DS0 channels.
The unit may be configured either as DCE interface or DTE interface. When configured as DTE the
direction of data is opposite to when configured as a DCE.
XMT RCV
YEL
ALARM
ACK
C.I.
86464-01
DATA-NX64 UNIT
Figure 84:
Figure 85: DATA-Nx64 Unit JCI Screen
Data-NX64 Front Panel
The DATA-NX64 supports flexible clocking of data. Transmit timing may be configured as INT (internal)
or EXT (external). Receive Timing is automatically set based on the mode of operation (DCE/DTE). Thus
the DATA-NX64 unit may operate as a co-directional interface or as a contra-directional interface.
The unit supports V.35 interface control lines. The control lines are local and are not propagated through
the JungleMUX system.
Front panel green LEDs allow monitoring of send and receive data activity at the data port. The red and
yellow LEDs report the alarm status of the local and far-end units respectively. The unit setup, status and
port activity are also reported via the JCI and JNCI software.
The unit can be programmed for local loopback, line loopback, or local plus line loopback modes.
The unit's built-in PRBS generator and PRBS analyzer can be used to test the bit-error performance of the
data channel or to measure round-trip delay of the data signal with no need for external test equipment.
Total end-to-end delay for the DATA-NX64 unit varies between 400µs and 1200µs, depending on the
selected data rate. These values exclude propagation delay in fibers and through nodes.

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7.11 DATA-NX64F Unit

The 86464-02 DATA-NX64F unit provides the interface between a protective relay equipped with fiber-
optic interface designed per IEEE PC37.94 standard and a JungleMUX node. The teleprotection data at
bit rates from 64 kb/s to 768 kb/s (in increments of 64 kb/s) is transported between two nodes in a
JungleMUX fiber-optic transmission system. The unit is end-to-end compatible with the DATA-NX64 unit.
The unit supports connection to the compliant teleprotection equipment via up to 2km long 50mm or
62.5mm multi-mode optical fiber.
The unit occupies one shelf slot and, depending on the data rate selected,
uses one to twelve DS0 channels of the 24 DS0 channels available on a
JVT bus. Both near-end and far-end units must be set to the same data rate
and use the same DS0 channels.
XMT RCV
Front panel green LEDs allow monitoring of send and receive data activity at
YEL
the data port. The red and yellow LEDs report the alarm status of the local
and far-end units and the status of the signal being received from the local
drop equipment. The unit setup, status and port activity are also reported
ALARM via the JCI and JNCI software.
ACK The optical fiber drop connections are made using the two “ST” connectors
on the unit paddleboard.
C.I.
Circuit Addressing feature allows the near-end and far-end units to be
configured with the same Circuit Address to ensure the correct
communication path between the two units. Only a signal from a unit
86464-02
DATA-NX64F UNIT configured with the same Circuit Address will be accepted as a valid signal.
Figure 86: The unit can be programmed for local loopback, line loopback, or local plus
Data-NX64F Front Panel line loopback modes.
The unit's built-in PRBS generator and PRBS analyzer can be used to test
the bit-error performance of the data channel or to measure round-trip delay
of the data signal with no need for external test equipment.
Figure 87: Data-NX64F

Unit Paddleboard Figure 88: Data-Nx64F Unit JCI Screen

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7.12 JIF-DS1 and Quad DS1 Units

The 86437-02 JIF-DS1 unit provides the interface for three separate short-haul DS1 (1.544 Mb/s) circuits
to a JIFport on the JMUX unit or SPE-JIF unit. The 86437-03 Quad DS1 unit provides the same
functionality but is equipped with four DS1 ports. Either unit can be cascaded with another JIF level unit
(JIF-Share, JIF-DS1, Quad-DS1, JIF-E1, JIF-Ether, JIF-FDM or VMapper-10 unit) on the same JIFport so
that the utilization of the JIFport’s capacity can be maximized.
At ring nodes, JIF-DS1/Quad DS1 units are equipped in

pairs to provide automatic path switching in case of fiber
or unit failure. A path priority is set up for each DS1
DS1 DS1 circuit during configuration so that the other path is only
S S used when a failure is detected on the priority path.
R Protection switching is revertive.
R
Q The DS1 interfaces are labeled as DS1-S, DS1-R, DS1-Q
Q
P and DS1-P. Each DS1 signal is mapped in one VT. Each
ON YEL ALM DS1 interface can be independently programmed to
ON YEL ALM support either B8ZS or AMI line code.
ACK ACK For each provisioned DS1 port, the unit monitors the
locally received DS1 signal for its presence, for the
presence of DS1-AIS and for bipolar violations. The DS1
signal status is reported through the JCI and JNCI
C.I. C.I. software.
86437-02 86437-03 Front panel LEDs provide indication of the received VT

JIF-DS1 UNIT QUAD DS1 UNIT signal, far-end received VT signal status, incoming DS1
signal status and whether the unit is on-line or off-line (for
Figure 89: JIF-DS1 Figure 90: JIF-DS1 ring configurations).
Unit Front Panel Unit Front Panel
Figure 91: JIF-DS1 Unit’s Main JCI Screen

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Loopback features are available through software which allow loopback on the line side as well as the
drop side of the unit.
A built-in VT path test allows the integrity of an end-to-end VT path to be confirmed. Quad DS1 unit also
allows a DS1-AIS signal to be forced in either outgoing or incoming signal direction.
Figure 92: JIF-DS1 Unit’s DS1 Interface JCI Screen
Customer connections to the JIF-DS1 unit are made on the unit paddleboard through its terminal-block
connectors. Customers connections to the Quad DS1 unit can be made either on a terminal block
paddleboard (Figure 93) or a paddleboard equipped with RJ-48 connectors (Figure 94).
Figure 93: Quad DS1 Unit Terminal Figure 94: Quad DS1 RJ-48 Paddleboard
Block Paddleboard

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7.13 JIF-E1 Unit

The 86439-01 JIF-E1 unit provides the interface for three separate short-haul E1 (2.048 Mb/s) circuits to a
JIFport on the JMUX unit or SPE-JIF unit. The unit can be cascaded with another JIF level unit (JIF-
Share, JIF-DS1, Quad-DS1, JIF-E1, JIF-Ether, JIF-FDM or VMapper-10 unit) on the same JIFport so that
the utilization of the JIFport’s capacity can be maximized.
At ring nodes, JIF-E1 units are equipped in pairs to provide automatic path
switching in case of fiber or unit failure. A path priority is set up for each E1
circuit during configuration so that the other path is only used when a failure is
E1
detected on the priority path. Path protection switching time is specified as
S <10 ms. Protection switching is revertive.
R
The E1 interfaces are labeled as E1-S, E1-R and E1-Q. Each DS1 signal is
Q mapped in two VT1.5s. Each E1 interface can be independently programmed to
support either HDB3 or AMI line code.
ON YEL ALM
For each provisioned E1 port, the unit monitors the locally received E1 signal for
its presence, for the presence of E1-AIS and for bipolar violations. The E1 signal
ACK status is reported through the JCI and JNCI software.
Front panel LEDs provide indication of the received VT signals, far-end received
VT signal status, incoming E1 signal status and whether the unit is on-line or off-
C.I. line (for ring configurations).
86439-01 Loopback features are available through software which allow loopback on the
JIF-E1 UNIT line side as well as the drop side of the unit.
Figure 95: JIF-E1 A built-in VT path test allows the integrity of an end-to-end VT path to be
Unit Front Panel confirmed.
Figure 96: JIF-E1 Unit’s Main JCI Screen
Customers connections to the JIF-E1 unit are made either on a terminal block paddleboard (120Ω
balanced connections) or a paddleboard equipped with BNC connectors (75Ω unbalanced connections).

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7.14 JIF-Ether Unit

The 86438 JIF-Ether unit provides a bridging function between two or more Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 LANs
that are physically separate. The unit acts as an Intelligent Bridge between the LANs, exchanging only
those frames that are not locally addressed.
The JIF-Ether unit is software programmable to allocate between 1 and 7 VTs (1.5
Mb/s to 10 Mb/s) for inter-bridge data transport depending on the Ethernet traffic.
1 This provides the user with the capability to allocate bandwidth on demand. The unit
2 interfaces a JIFport of either JMUX unit or SPE-JIF unit. If the unit is not using all
3 seven VTs on the JIFport, it may be cascaded with another JIF level unit (JIF-Share,
4 JIF-DS1, Quad-DS1, JIF-E1, JIF-Ether, JIF-FDM or VMapper-10 unit) in order to
5 maximize the JIFport utilization.
6
7 In a ring configured system, two JIF-Ether units are required for redundancy. Both
ON YEL ALM units interface the local LAN and are "On-Line" at the same time. The JIF-Ether units
communicate with each other and determine which unit is responsible for bridging to
ACK the remote site. A JIF-Ether unit is designated for bridging with a remote site if the
path to the destination site requires fewer hops through intermediate JIF-Ether units
C.I. than its companion unit the companion unit is unable to reach the remote site.
86438-01
The JIF-Ether unit provides the means of establishing logic sets of bridged LANs.
ETHERNET UNIT This allows LANs within the same set, on the same fiber ring to be bridged while
Figure 97: preventing bridging between LANs that are not in the same set. All LANs that are
JIF-Ether Unit bridged together must share the same LAN identification. Each Ethernet site on the
Front Panel same bridged LAN must be assigned a unique Ethernet Site ID.
The JIF-Ether unit dynamically determines the location of all sites on the ring. No user intervention is
required to establish connectivity between the sites.
Customer connections to the local LAN can be established through either a non-hubbing or a hubbing
paddleboard. If a non-hubbing paddleboard is used, both JIF-Ether units sharing the same paddleboard
must be independently connected to the LAN using either RJ-45 (10Base-T) or AUI connectors (Figure
99). There are two hubbing paddleboard options; one provides a single RJ-45 connector while the other
provides two RJ45 and one AUI interface (the latter one is shown in Figure 100). The AUI can be used to
provide a variety of standard 10 Mb/s Ethernet interfaces through third-party transceivers.
OC-N FIBER PAIR
(52/155/622 Mb/s)
TX RX TX RX
LEFT RIGHT
JMUX JMUX
UNIT UNIT
VT / STS-1 SPE
THROUGH-TRAFFIC
P1 P2 P3 P4 P1 P2 P3 P4
JIFport JIFport
STATUS
LEFT BY-PASS RIGHT

86438 (ETHERNET 86438
JIF-ETHER THROUGH-TRAFFIC) JIF-ETHER
UNIT UNIT
LOCAL ETHERNET
Figure 99: JIF-Ether Unit Figure 100: JIF-Ether Unit

Figure 98: Ethernet LAN Connection
Non-Hubbing Paddleboard Hubbing Paddleboard

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7.15 DTT-XMT Unit

The 86441 DTT-XMT unit provides the transmit portion of four independent trip circuits to an associated
remote DTT-RCV unit. The unit occupies two shelf slots and uses one DS0 channel of the 24 DS0
channels available on a JVT bus. Optional redundant opto-isolated keying loops provide enhanced
dependability for the four trip circuits. Four "Has-Tripped" outputs are available as a factory option. The
unit may be configured for a variety of trip immunity times, trip-extension times or minimum-trip times to
suit the application.
A user-selectable address, matching the remote end DTT-RCV unit, allows protection from network data
crosses and loopbacks. A 32-bit CRC checksum provides security against data corruption and false
tripping logic. Secure end-to-end testing is provided using optional Test Panels.
Form-C alarm contacts are provided for external monitoring in addition to status reporting via the JCI
software and JungleMUX Network Management System. When a DTT Test Panel is used, the unit
paddleboard is wired to the Test Panel where the customer connections are made. Otherwise, the
customer connections are made on the paddleboard.
TB1
-1 DTT
1 +2 TRANSMIT
1 -3 TB3 TB4
2 +4 8 J1
J2
2 7
-5
3 +6 6
3
-7 5
4 4 +8 4
3
ALARM -1 2
1 +2 1
ACK
-3
2 +4 3
-5 2
3 +6 1
C.I. TB5
-7 TB6
4 +8
86441-01
DTT-XMT UNIT TB2 P1
Figure 101: DTT-XMT Unit Figure 102: DTT-XMT Figure 103: False Trip Probability
Front Panel Paddleboard
The receiver will issue a desired trip if and only if a completely correct 96-bit frame is received. The
probabilities for various Bit Error Rates (BER) are shown in graphical form. For normal transmissions, the
-72
probability of a false-trip is better than 10 which is zero for all practical purposes; and, even with a
-16
continuous BER of 0.1 (worst-case), the probability is still only 10 which is once in 300,000 years.
PARAMETER SPECIFICATION
Number of Inputs Four, opto-isolated, 10 mA
Spurious Trip Immunity 0.8 ms or 1.7 ms (software adjustable)
Transmit Trip Extension Times 6 ms to 180 ms in 6 ms increments (software adjustable)
Transmit Trip Minimum Duration 6 ms to 180 ms in 6 ms increments (software adjustable)
Alarm Relay Form-C Relay
Has Tripped Contacts Four solid state relays, 5 A @ 150 VDC
End-to-End Delay 3 ms, excluding transmission delay
Table 2: DTT-XMT Specifications

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7.16 DTT-RCV Unit

The 86442 DTT-RCV unit provides the receive portion of four independent trip circuits to an associated
remote DTT-XMT unit. Depending on the option selected, the unit may be equipped for either two or four
circuits. Two opto-isolated solid state outputs are provided for each circuit. The main trip output circuit
has two series connected drivers for enhanced security and a loop-current monitor for enhanced
dependability. A "Code Q" subassembly board provides alarm contacts for each trip circuit and is
available as a factory option.
The unit may be configured for a variety of trip-extension times or minimum-trip times to suit the
application. A user-selectable address, matching the remote end DTT-XMT unit, allows protection from
network data crosses and loopbacks. A 32-bit CRC checksum provides security against data corruption
and false tripping logic.
The unit is immune to RFI and SWC on output circuits and alarm leads.
Form-C alarm contacts are provided for external monitoring in addition to status reporting via the JCI
software and JungleMUX Network Management System. When a DTT Test Panel is used, the unit
paddleboard is wired to the Test Panel where the customer connections are made. Otherwise, the
customer connections are made on the paddleboard.
ALARM
ACK
C.I.
86442-01
DTT-RCV UNIT
Figure 104: DTT-RCV Front Panel Figure 105: DTT-RCV JCI Screen
96-bit FRAME The incoming signal from the

DTT-XMT is a continuous
8-bit TEST
synchronous bit stream. The bit
16-bit HEADER 24-bit ADDRESS 12-bit TRIP DATA 4-bit ALM 32-bit CRC-16 stream comprises contiguous
96-bit frames (Figure 106), with
the exception that an idle frame
OOOO11111111OOOO ACACACACACACACACACACACAC 111222333444 TCTCTCTC BCBC KCKCKC. . . .KCKCKCKCKCKCKC will be terminated early to speed
the transmission of a high
C = Complement of preceding bit priority (new trip) frame.
FRAME DURATION: 1.5 ms at 64 kb/s
Figure 106: BC96 Code

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7.17 DTT Test Panel

The 86429 DTT Test Panel is a tool that provides the user with the ability to test and maintain DTT links.
The Test Panel is wired directly to the DTT-XMT and DTT-RCV units and all customer connections are
made directly on the Test Panel. The Test Panel requires external station battery and is capable of
operating at various voltages depending on the option chosen.
The Test Panel supports four DTT transmit and four DTT receive circuits. Each DTT circuit can be tested
individually so that it does not interrupt the remaining in-service circuits. The Main and Auxiliary Keying
Loops on the DTT-XMT unit are tested individually.
Receive output trip drivers can be energized locally to verify driver state. When any receive circuit is put in
test, the external DC trip circuit is removed and replaced with LEDs on the DTT Test Panel.
A transmit switch or a receive switch not in the NORMAL position produces a contact closure on the test
panel ALARM terminal. This may be utilized for external monitoring of status of the test panel’s switches.
TRANSMIT RECEIVE
TRIP TRIP TRIP TRIP
MAIN AUX MAIN AUX MAIN AUX MAIN AUX
1 2 3 4
TEST TEST TEST TEST

TRIP TRIP TRIP TRIP
86429- AUX AUX AUX AUX LOCAL TRIP LOCAL TRIP LOCAL TRIP LOCAL TRIP
DTT TEST PANEL MAIN MAIN MAIN MAIN
ISSUE M2 TEST TEST TEST TEST
NO NO NO NORMAL NO NO NO NORMAL
CCT 1 CCT 2 CCT 3 CCT 4 CCT 1 CCT 2 CCT 3 CCT 4
Figure 107: DTT Test Panel (Front View)
RECEIVE TRANSMIT
MAIN TRIP AUX TRIP TEST MONITOR TEST MODE AUX LOOP MAIN LOOP
TO DTT-RCV (864X2-9X TB1) TO DTT-RCV (864X2-9X TB2) TO DTT-RCV (864X2-9X TB4) TO DTT-XMT (864X1-9X TB4) TO DTT-XMT (864X1-9X TB2) TO DTT-XMT (864X1-9X TB1)
8 P6 1 8 P11 1 9 P7 1 5 P5 1 8 P2 1 8 P1 1
MAIN TRIP OUTPUT RELAYS AUX TRIP ALARM BATT MAIN LOOP INPUT AUX LOOP
- 1 + - 2 + - 3 + - 4 + - 1 + - 2 + - 3 + - 4 + - + - 1 + - 2 + - 3 + - 4 + - 1 + - 2 + - 3 + - 4 +
1 16 1 5 1 16
TB1 TB2 TB4
Figure 108: DTT Test Panel (Rear View)
The test panel is two rack-mount spaces in height (3.5", 89 mm) and mounts in a standard 19" rack.

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7.18 CDR Unit

The 86443 CDR consists of two units; a two-space CDR unit that provides one Direct Transfer Trip (DTT)
circuit and digital interface to the JungleMUX node and a single-space or double-space Relay Interface
unit that simulates the pilot wire link by providing the same voltages, currents and impedance to the
current differential relay unit. The Relay Interface unit is installed immediately to the right of the CDR unit.
The Relay Interface unit option used depends on the model of the protective relay connected to the unit.
The relay interfaces currently supported are HCB, HCB-1, CPD, SPD, RADHL and DL91.
The CDR unit minimizes channel delay by using 4 of the 24

available DS0 channels on a JVT bus with an end-to end delay
≤ 250 µs (excluding the transmission delay).
T
DTT
R The CDR unit can be configured for "block" as well as "overcurrent"
TRIP modes of operation in case of channel loss or power failure.
CD Form-C alarm contacts are provided for external monitoring, in

addition to status reporting via the Craft Interface and JungleMUX
ALARM
NMS.
ACK
A user-selectable DTT address, matching the remote end CDR
unit, allows protection from network data crosses and loopbacks.
C.I.
The unit can be configured for three-terminal HCB link applications.
86443-01
CDR UNIT Customer connections are made on the unit paddleboard through
its terminal-block connectors.
Figure 109: CDR Unit
Front Panel
Figure 110: CDR JCI Screen

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7.19 ATU-XMT Unit

Utilities often require the capability to monitor system parameters such as MW and MVAR. Transducers
are used to convert this information into a DC current or voltage signal. These voltages and currents are
monitored locally and reproduced at a remote location.
The 86461 ATU-XMT unit interfaces these signals by digitizing the DC current or voltages and transmitting
the signal to a remote site by means of JungleMUX common equipment. An ATU-RCV unit at the far end
converts the signal back to its original DC state where it can be used for monitoring or control purposes.
An ATU link has an end-to-end accuracy of ±0.1%.
Each ATU-XMT unit comprises two or four independent circuits (depending on unit option), with each
circuit capable of 14 different input ranges. Input range options such as 0 to 1 mA, -5 to +5 VDC and 4 to
20 mA are examples of the options available.
The unit occupies two shelf slots and uses one DS0 channel on a JVT bus.
2
I/P
3 LVL
ALARM
ACK
C.I.
86461-01
ATX UNIT
Figure 111: ATU-XMT Unit Figure 112: ATU-XMT Unit JCI Screen
Front Panel
All inputs are fuse protected, SWC compliant and provide common mode rejection to better than 80dB at
180V common mode voltage. Customer connections are made on the unit paddleboard through its
terminal-block connectors.
All digitized data is sent using a secure BC96 frame format which utilizes a user-selectable address for
protection from network data crosses and loopbacks. A 32-bit CRC checksum provides security against
data corruption.
Figure 113: ATU-XMT Input Ranges

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7.20 ATU-RCV Unit

The 86462 ATU-RCV unit comprises two or four (depending on unit option) independent circuits which
convert a digitized stream from a corresponding ATU-XMT unit into DC analog levels (to be displayed on
chart recorders, LED displays, data acquisition, etc.).
This unit provides 12 different software selectable output range options, which include voltage and current
as well as unipolar/bipolar modes with an end-to-end accuracy of 0.1%. For each range, zero and full
scale coefficients are loaded into digital trim-pots (trim DACs) from the unit's EEPROM non-volatile
memory to compensate for DAC reference voltage and zeroing circuit variations.
The digitized data is sent using the BC96 frame format. This code allows a user-to set the address for
protection from network data crosses and loopbacks.
The ATU-RCV unit does not have to be configured with the same ranges as the ATU-XMT unit.
The BC96 transmit address and configuration is displayed for alignment and troubleshooting procedures.
2
O/P
3 LVL
ALARM
ACK
C.I.
86462-01
ATR UNIT
Figure 114: ATU-RCV Unit Figure 115: ATU-RCV Unit JCI Screen
Front Panel
Figure 116: ATU-RCV Output Ranges

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7.21 CONTACT I/O Unit

The 86463 Contact I/O unit allows up to 16 external ("foreign") contacts to be replicated at a remote
location. A typical application is to transport rectifier alarms, door alarms, fire alarms etc. The unit
occupies one shelf slot and uses one DS0 channel on a JVT bus.
Each unit can be configured to operate in one of five modes:

• 16 inputs
• 12 inputs and 4 outputs
• 16 outputs
Two Contact I/O units at two separate JungleMUX sites comprise a link and must
be set to complementary modes of operation.
Each unit has four I/O interface boards, each I/O interface board has 4 circuits.
WARNING The orientation of the I/O interface board determines whether the four associated
CHECK circuits are inputs or outputs. The mode of operation of the I/O interface board
INTERNAL
SETTINGS must be implemented before insertion of the Contact I/O unit into a JungleMUX
BEFORE equipment shelf and the function is automatically displayed on the JCI screen.
INSERTION
ALARM Input to the unit is an external contact closure. An external contact closure
causes about 5mA to flow through the solid-state opto-isolated switch. An
ACK
input can be configured through software as follows:
C.I.
• Normally-open or normally-closed external contacts.
• “Alarms”; this causes a valid input condition (external contact closure) to
86463-01 be displayed on the unit (flashing red LED) and on the JNCI software as a
CONTACT I/O UNIT
channel "Alert".
Figure 117:
• All input conditions (alarms) are "deglitched", i.e. the input condition must
Contact I/O Unit
be steady for a certain time before it is transmitted. Each input may be
Front Panel
independently programmed over a range of 1ms to 65 seconds.
Outputs are floating (opto-isolated) solid-state contacts capable of switching up to 100mA/350V AC/DC.
Each output follows the received signal. Each output may be configured through software as follows:
• Normally-open or normally closed operation
• Operate in the delayed state over a range of 1ms to 65 seconds
• Under path failure condition to hold the last state or contact open state
The unit uses a BC96 (4095 choices) address scheme between the two Contact I/O units in the link to
ensure that each unit is receiving the desired information.
Front panel LEDs provide indication of received DS0 signal; far end received DS0 signal status, abnormal
condition on the incoming DS0 signal or failure of an internal unit parameter, condition of an input signal if
configured as an "alarm".
Maintenance features which may be enabled through software include the following:
• Any input circuit can be "forced" to emulate a closed or open external contact
• Any output circuit can be "forced" open or closed

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7.22 Video I/O Unit

The 86412 Video I/O units in conjunction with VMapper units (VMapper-40 or VMapper-10) allow transport
of PAL or NTSC video signals over a JungleMUX network. The unit provides the interface between an
analog video signal and the Video WAN on JungleMUX system via the VMapper unit. The unit provides
both composite video (BNC) and S-video (Y/C) interfaces.
The JungleMUX video interface meets a wide range of applications:

• Video Surveillance
− Switchyards and Substations
UP
− Highways
DN
− Commuter-rail platforms
• Transport of video feeds from live events to a local cable company
• Distance learning
ALARM • Videoconferencing
ACK There are two Video I/O unit options. One occupies one shelf-slot and supports
transport of one video circuit. The other one occupies two shelf-slots and supports
transport of one video circuit with accompanied mono or stereo audio signal and
C.I.
provides two full-duplex asynchronous RS-232 data ports plus four optional
"multiservice ports" (sub-boards) each supporting one of the following:
86412-01
VIDEO I/O UNIT • four contact I/O circuits
• one full-duplex asynchronous RS-422/RS-485 data port
Figure 118: • one full-duplex asynchronous RS-232 data port.
Video I/O Unit
Front Panel Data ports can be configured for rates ranging from 300 b/s to 115,200 b/s.
Contact I/O circuits may be used to convey foreign alarm information from remote sites to the control
centre or to support remote control of devices such as traffic lights, gates, bells etc. Data interfaces may
be used to support remote control of PTZ (pan/tilt/zoom) cameras and other data applications such as
SCADA and Variable Message Signs.
Both Video I/O unit options use the same paddleboard assemblies that may occupy either two or three
shelf slots. The selection of paddleboard depends on whether an optical Vport connection to the VMapper
unit is required or not (see Vport-F unit for more information). The Video I/O unit with “electrical” Vport
connection may be installed in either Common or Expansion Shelf. The unit with “optical” Vport
connection must be installed in a Common Equipment Shelf.
The unit may be configured as a Video-IN unit or a Video-OUT unit. The Video-IN unit can accept video
(plus optional audio) signal from sources such as cameras, VCRs, DVD players or broadcast signal
sources. Although the unit can process only one video signal at a time, up to three cameras can be
physically connected to the unit using separate composite inputs. The selection of camera that feeds the
unit input can be done dynamically and remotely.
The Video-OUT unit can generate video (plus optional audio) to devices such as monitors, VCRs or
broadcast feeds.
All the signals in a JungleMUX video system are transported in a packetized form. At the Video-IN unit,
the video signal is digitized, compressed, packetized and sent to the far-end Video-OUT unit where the
signal is extracted using the reverse process. The bit rate for each video signal is dynamically user-
configurable from 10Mb/s down to 25kb/s to provide video qualities from full motion high quality video

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transport down to low scan surveillance monitoring. This provides an efficient transport for many
applications such as:
• Broadcast quality (700x480, 30 frames/sec, color) @ 6Mb/s (MPEG-2)
• Internet quality (350x240, 15 frames/sec, color) @ 1Mb/s (MPEG-1)
• High-quality picture-phone (350x240, 10 frames/sec, color) @ 400 kb/s (6B-ISDN H.324/H.261)
• Security archival storage (700x480, 2 frames/sec, color) @ 400 kb/s
With an external PC running video network management software (e.g. Camera Cameleon1) an
intelligent bandwidth allocation can be implemented in order to quickly assign more bandwidth to specific
cameras, allowing incident management, a higher resolution and more frames/sec for what is actually
being viewed.
Both point-to-point and point-to-multipoint video (with optional audio) circuits are supported.
Switchyard Traffic Surveillance

Surveillance (Highways, Rail Platforms)
V I/O + VM V I/O + VM
JungleMUX JungleMUX Video-
Conference
Node A Node B
Distance JungleMUX
Learning V I/O + VM V I/O + VM
Node F SONET Ring Node C
JungleMUX JungleMUX
Node E
Node D
JungleMUX
Video- V I/O + VM JungleMUX Distance
Conference
Learning
V I/O = Video I/O unit(s)

VM = VMapper unit(s)
Surveillance Monitors
Figure 119: JungleMUX Video Applications
Composite video (OUT) Stereo audio(IN+OUT)
S-video (OUT)
Connectors for S-video (IN) or

4 sub-board ports 2 x composite
(Contact-IN, video (IN)
Contact-OUT,
RS-422/RS-485,
RS-232)
On-board RS232 Port#2

Composite video
Vport (IN)
On-board RS232 Port#1
Note: S-video IN port can be converted into two

composite video IN ports using splitter cable.
Figure 120: Video I/O Unit 2-Slot Figure 121: Video-OUT Main JCI Screen
Wide Paddleboard
1 Camera Cameleon is a trademark of "360 Surveillance Networks" (www.360surveillance.com).

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The unit's motion detection feature may be used in surveillance applications for detection of intruders,
detection of vehicles, detection of stalled machinery (e.g. conveyor belts), detection of lack of activity, etc.
Motion detection is sensitive to both color and brightness movements. An adjustable threshold may be set
and should this threshold be exceeded an alarm to the NMS and/or alert message to the external video
network management computer may be issued. Upon receipt of such alert message, the computer can
trigger execution of various pre-programmed actions associated with the given event (e.g. enabling video
recording, calling the security etc.).
If the Video Monitor supports a "Closed Caption" display, the on-screen information display may be used
for displaying the name of the camera location as well as for warning of an alarm condition. If the monitor
does not support closed-captioning, an external decoder box can be used.
The Video I/O unit option equipped with audio interface is configurable for mono or stereo audio signals,
with a selection of sampling rates and quantizing resolutions, for a flexible trade-off between audio quality
and transmission bandwidths (from 90kb/s for mono LoFi quality to 1.1Mb/s for stereo HiFi quality). An
AGC (Automatic Gain Control) circuit can be configured for either fixed gains, or variable gains (up to
42dB) for better signal-to-noise performance.
Data and Contact I/O ports can be configured for point-to-point or point-to-multipoint communication
(independent from video). Data and Contact I/O port interconnections are not constrained to being
between the same interfaces (e.g. RS-232 interfaces can connect to RS-485 interfaces, or even contact-
IN, or contact-OUT interfaces). Also, for data-to-data port connections, the bit-rate settings do not have to
match. This flexibility allows support of wide range of applications (e.g. external computer
monitoring/controlling contact I/O ports).
To support applications where a control-center computer (CCC) controls a variety of remote devices, a
data port (connected to the CCC) may be programmed for the dynamic port addressing mode which
allows the CCC to address the far-end port that it wants to communicate to. This means that a single PC
can be used to send control information to any Video I/O unit data or Contact I/O port in order to:
• Interrogate status of any input contact
• Control output contacts
• Receive autonomous alarms from security sensors
• Conduct data communication sessions with any remote devices
The unit is equipped with

powerful test features
allowing both local and
end-to-end video and audio
tests. These include built-
in color-bar and color-ramp
generators as well as audio
synthesizer.
For maintenance purposes,

data ports can be muted or
set for the loopback mode.
Any input or output contact
can be forced open or
closed.
Figure 122: Data Ports’ Screen

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7.23 VMapper-40 Unit

The 86410 VMapper-40 unit provides the interface between Video I/O units and OC-3 JMUX unit
SPE ports (Y or Z) or OC-12 JMUX unit CBW ports, and is responsible for mapping the compressed and
packetized video signal (along with optional audio, data and contact I/O traffic) into the bandwidth
available for transport over the JungleMUX network. The VMapper-40 unit is a high-speed packet
switching router with high-speed (<1 second) automatic setup and teardown of virtual circuit paths for
maximum bandwidth utilization.
To transport video signals in a JungleMUX network using VMapper-40 units, a

video WAN (Wide Area Network) of 48 Mb/s using one STS-1 SPE is created.
This video WAN is created by equipping all nodes in the system (requiring video
L access) with a VMapper-40 unit which connects to VMapper-40 unit(s) at the
adjacent node(s) using the same STS-1 SPE. In an OC-3 network, either second
R
or third STS-1 can be for this purpose. In an OC-12 network, any STS-1 from
STS-1#2 to STS-1#12 may be used to transport VMapper-40 signals. Note that
STS-1s carrying video must be in “intact” SPE mode (not VT channelized).
ALARM The JungleMUX video WAN comprises a linear topology with only one path
between the video source and destination. This linear topology allows for
ACK bandwidth to be reused provided the total bandwidth of 48 Mb/s on any link
(between VMapper-40 units) is not exceeded. Note that the 48 Mb/s limit is the
sum of all the packet types, not just video ones.
C.I.
In a ring network, the VMapper-40 unit at one of the nodes is configured for "Ring
Closer" while the VMapper-40 units at all the other nodes are configured for
86410-01 "Normal". Under normal conditions, the "Ring Closer" is not supporting any video
VMAPPER-40 UNIT
traffic through its Right SPE port. In the event of a fiber or path failure in the ring,
Figure 123: the "Ring Closer" immediately enables its Right SPE port thus allowing for
VMapper-40 Unit automatic rerouting ("protection switching") of video circuits. When the ring
Front Panel failure is corrected, the video circuits revert back to the normal path.
Video I/O
Video I/O 48 Mb/s VMapper-40 48 Mb/s Video I/O
VMapper-40 JungleMUX VMapper-40
48 Mb/s
JungleMUX JungleMUX 48 Mb/s
Node A
VMapper-40
JungleMUX
Node B Node I
Video I/O
VMapper-40
JungleMUX
Node H
Video I/O
JungleMUX
Node C
OC-3/OC-12 Ring
Node G 48 Mb/s
Node D JungleMUX RING CLOSER
48 Mb/s
JungleMUX Node F VMapper-40 NODE
Node E
VMapper-40 JungleMUX Video I/O
JungleMUX
Video I/O VMapper-40
VMapper-40 48 Mb/s
48 Mb/s 48 Mb/s V I/O V I/O V I/O
V I/O V I/O V I/O
Figure 124: JungleMUX 48 Mb/s Video WAN

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Each VMapper-40 unit has two SPE ports (Left and Right) and four Vports. An SPE port on the VMapper-
40 unit connects to an SPE/CBW port on the respective OC-3/OC-12 JMUX unit. Each Vport supports a
bandwidth up to 12.8 Mb/s and connects to a Vport on either a Video I/O unit or a VMapper unit at a
collocated JungleMUX node ("Vport Tie").
The VMapper-40 unit occupies one shelf slot in a Common Equipment Shelf. The unit uses either two or
three shelf-slot-wide paddleboard assembly (depending on how many optical Vports are required, if any).
At a node where up to four

Video I/O units are to be
Left SPE Port Y Right SPE Port Y accessed, one VMapper-40
OC-3 JMUX SPE Port Z OC-3 JMUX SPE Port Z unit and one paddleboard
Unit Unit
assembly are required. To
provide access for more than
four Video I/O units at a node,
up to four VMapper-40 units
VMapper-40 VMapper-40 VMapper-40 VMapper-40 may be cascaded on the
same JMUX unit’s SPE/CBW
port.
I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O
Video I/O units
I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O
Figure 125: VMapper-40 Unit Cascading at OC-3 Node
The VMapper-40 unit is capable of end-to-end STS-1 SPE path integrity monitoring. For path tracing, a
predetermined, user selectable pattern can be inserted into POH byte H4 of the outgoing STS-1 SPE
without affecting the video traffic. By monitoring the incoming POH Byte H4 content at the remote site
(adjacent VMapper-40 unit in the same video network), a valid STS-1 SPE path can be confirmed. This
end-to-end STS-1 SPE path testing is performed through the JCI or JNCI software.
Front panel LEDs provide indication of received STS-1 SPE signal status; summary status of far-end
received STS-1 SPE, incoming signal status from Video I/O units and the unit’s internal status. The unit
setup, status and port activity are reported via the JCI and JNCI software.
Figure 126: VMapper-40 Unit JCI Screen

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7.24 VMapper-10 Unit

The 86411 VMapper-10 unit provides the interface between Video I/O units and JIFports of OC-1/
OC-3/OC-12 JMUX or SPE-JIF units.
The VMapper-10 unit is responsible for mapping the compressed and packetized video signal (along with
optional audio, data and contact I/O traffic) into the bandwidth available for transport over the JungleMUX
network. The VMapper-40 unit is a high-speed packet switching router with high speed (<1 second)
automatic setup and teardown of virtual circuit paths for maximum bandwidth utilization.
To transport video signals in a JungleMUX network using VMapper-10 units, a

video WAN of Nx1.6 Mb/s is created. N refers to the number of VTs assigned to
the video WAN and may be between 1 and 7. This video WAN is created by
L equipping all nodes in the system (requiring video access) with a VMapper-10
R
unit which connects to VMapper-10 unit(s) at the adjacent node(s) using a portion
(a maximum of seven VTs) of the inter-node SONET payload bandwidth. The
same set of N VTs is dropped to the VMapper-10 unit at every node.
ALARM
The JungleMUX video WAN comprises a linear topology with only one path
between the video source and destination. This linear topology allows for
bandwidth to be reused provided the total bandwidth of Nx1.6 Mb/s on any link
ACK (between VMapper-10 units) is not exceeded. Note that the Nx1.6 Mb/s limit is
the sum of all the packet types, not just video.
C.I. In a ring network, the VMapper-10 unit at one of the nodes is configured for "Ring
Closer" while the VMapper-10 units at all the other nodes are configured for
86411-01 "Normal". Under normal conditions, the "Ring Closer" is not supporting any video
VMAPPER-10 UNIT traffic through its Right JIFport. In the event of a fiber or path failure in the ring,
the "Ring Closer" immediately enables its Right JIFport thus allowing for
Figure 127:
automatic rerouting ("protection switching") of video circuits. When the ring
VMapper-10 Unit
failure is corrected, the video circuits revert back to the normal path.
Front Panel
Video I/O
Video I/O 11.2 Mb/s VMapper-10 11.2 Mb/s Video I/O
VMapper-10 JungleMUX VMapper-10
11.2 Mb/s
JungleMUX JungleMUX 11.2 Mb/s
Node A
VMapper-10
JungleMUX
Node B Node I
Video I/O
VMapper-10
JungleMUX
Node H
Video I/O
JungleMUX
Node C
OC-1/OC-3/OC-12 Ring
Node G 11.2 Mb/s
Node D JungleMUX RING CLOSER
11.2 Mb/s
JungleMUX Node F VMapper-10 NODE
Node E
VMapper-10 JungleMUX Video I/O
JungleMUX
Video I/O VMapper-10
VMapper-10 11.2 Mb/s
11.2 Mb/s 11.2 Mb/s V I/O V I/O V I/O
V I/O V I/O V I/O
Figure 128: JungleMUX 11.2 Mb/s Video WAN

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Each VMapper-10 unit has two JIFports (left and right) and four Vports. A JIFport on the VMapper-10 unit
connects to a JIFport on the respective JMUX or SPE-JIF unit. Each Vport supports a bandwidth up to
12.8 Mb/s and connects to a Vport on either a Video I/O unit or a VMapper unit at a collocated JungleMUX
node ("Vport Tie").
The VMapper-10 unit occupies one shelf slot in a Common Equipment Shelf or Expansion Shelf. The unit
uses either two or three shelf-slot-wide paddleboard assembly (depending on how many optical Vports are
required, if any). The paddleboard provides JIFport connections to JMUX/SPE-JIF unit’s JIFports and
electrical Vport connections (RJ-45) to Video I/O units.
The entire or a portion of the JIFport bandwidth is used by VMapper-10 unit. In the latter case, the unit
may be cascaded with another JIF level unit (JIF-Share, JIF-DS1, Quad-DS1, JIF-E1, JIF-Ether or JIF-
FDM) in order to maximize the JIFport utilization.
In a ring network, at a node where up to four Video I/O units are to be accessed, one VMapper-10 unit and
one paddleboard assembly are required.
The VMapper-10 unit continually monitors the integrity of all VT paths on both ports. For path tracing, a
predetermined, user selectable pattern can be inserted into all outgoing VTs (JIFport slots) used by the
VMapper-10 unit. By monitoring the incoming VT content at the remote site (adjacent VMapper-10 unit in
the same video network), a valid VT path can be confirmed. This end-to-end VT path testing is performed
through the JCI software or through the JNCI.
Front panel LEDs provide indication of received VT signal status; summary status of far-end received VTs,
incoming signal status from Video I/O units and the unit’s internal status. The unit setup, status and port
activity are reported via the JCI and JNCI software.
Figure 129: VMapper-10 Unit JCI Screen

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7.25 Vport-F Unit

The 86413 Vport-F(ibre) unit provides electrical-to-optical and optical-to-electrical conversion of a Vport
signal and allows a VMapper unit to be connected to a remote Video I/O unit through a single-mode or
multi-mode fiber pair.
The optical link budget when a single-mode fiber is used is greater than 16dB
(typically 28dB) which allows for fiber spans beyond 30 km. For a multi-mode
fiber, the optical link budget is greater than 20dB (typically 32dB) which allows for
spans beyond 10 km.
FRONT
REAR The Vport-F unit occupies one shelf slot and shares the same paddleboard with
the unit to which it provides an optical Vport interface. The unit is equipped with
dual optical SC connector(s), which resides on the top of the unit. The unit, along
with the unit it shares the paddleboard with, must be installed in a Common
Equipment Shelf.
There are two Vport-F unit options available. One unit option provides a single
Vport interface and is used with either a Video I/O or VMapper unit. The other
option provides optical interfaces for two Vports and is used with a VMapper unit;
use of its second Vport is optional (jumper option for enabled or disabled).
Note that the Video I/O unit at the far end of the Vport fiber link is typically
86413-02 installed in a Remote Video I/O Assembly (see below) which includes the Vport-F
VPORT-F UNIT unit functionality.
Figure 130: Front panel LEDs provide indications on the status of received optical Vport
Vport-F Unit Front signal(s).
Panel
Single-mode fiber pair: to beyond 30 km

Multi-mode fiber pair: to beyond 10 km
JungleMUX Ring Video I/O

Unit
Remote Video I/O

Assembly
VMapper
VPort-F
Power
JMUX
Power
JMUX
OR:
Video I/O
Vport-F
Power
VMapper and Vport-F unit

share the same paddleboard
Video I/O and Vport-F units

share the same paddleboard
Figure 131: Typical Vport-F Unit Application

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7.26 Remote Video I/O Assembly

The 86414 Remote Video I/O Assembly provides housing to a stand-alone Video I/O unit and allows the
Video I/O unit to be connected to a remote VMapper unit via single-mode or multi-mode optical fibers.
The Remote Video I/O assembly

is used in applications where
video (plus optional audio, data,
contact I/O) interface needs to be
provided at a location away from
the JungleMUX node and where
an interconnecting optical cable is
available. The assembly is
typically used in conjunction with a
Vport-F unit at the far-end of the
fiber link, however, a point-to-point
connection between two stand-
alone Video I/O units is also
supported.
Either Video I/O unit option

(86412-01 or 86412-02) can be
equipped. The Video I/O unit is
fully integrated in the JungleMUX
network management system.
The assembly occupies a small

amount of space (4”x 5”x 8”) and
Figure 132: Remote Video I/O Unit Assembly is equipped with a fiber-optic
transceiver operating at 1310 nm.
The Remote Video I/O Assembly is normally powered by the supplied external power module connected
to a 115~230V AC or 130V DC source which feeds the assembly with 12V DC. The assembly comprises
a DC/DC voltage converter which accommodates a wide range of input DC voltages (8-24V). The power
input is fused and immune to a reversed polarity connection.
A dual SC connector is used for the fiber interface. Green and red LEDs provide a simple visual check of
the received optical power level.
For the video connections, the same BNC and S-video (Y/C) connectors as on the standard Video I/O unit
paddleboards are provided.
Customer connections for audio, data and contact I/O circuits can be made directly on the Molex-style
header connectors or optional terminal-block sub-board connectors. Also available as options are sub-
boards with 9-pin D-Sub (DB9) connectors (for RS-232 data connections) and a sub-board with 3.5mm
jacks (for audio connections).

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7.27 JIF-FDM Unit

The 86483 JIF-FDM unit provides the interface between an FDM signal and a JungleMUX node and
allows for transport of the FDM signal between any two nodes in a JungleMUX network. The signal to be
transported can be any one of the following:
• Any of the standard CCITT 60-channel Supergroup signals
• A 12-channel Group signal
• Any other signal in the 50Hz to 120kHz range
The unit interfaces a JIFport of either JMUX unit or SPE-JIF unit. It may be
cascaded with another JIF level unit (JIF-Share, JIF-DS1, Quad-DS1, JIF-E1,
JIF-Ether, JIF-FDM of VMapper-10) in order to maximize the JIFport
SUPERGROUP utilization.
Supergroup 1 and Supergroup 1A signals are mapped into four VTs. Each
ON YEL ALM Supergroup signal from Supergroup 2 to Supergroup 10 may be mapped in
either three or four VTs. The selection of the number of VTs is based on the
noise performance (20 or 30 dBrnc0) required. A group signal is mapped in
two VTs.
ALARM
At ring nodes, JIF-FDM units are equipped in pairs to provide automatic path
ACK switching in the case of fiber or unit failure. A path priority is set up during
configuration so that the other path is only used when a failure is detected on
the priority path. Path protection switching times are specified as <2ms.
Protection switching is revertive.
C.I.
Front panel LEDs provide indication of the received VT signal, far-end
86483-01 received VT signal status, incoming FDM signal status and whether the unit is
JIF-FDM UNIT
on-line or off-line for ring configurations.
Figure 133: JIF-FDM Loopback features are available through software which allow loopback on the
Unit Front Panel line side as well as the drop side of the unit. A built-in VT path test allows the
integrity of an end-to-end VT path to be confirmed.
External connections to the

drop equipment are made
through SMB “IN” and
SMB “OUT” connectors
mounted on the JIF-FDM
unit paddleboard. SMB-to-
BNC cables are provided.
Two SMB “Monitor” coax

connectors on the JIF-
FDM unit paddleboard may
be used for monitoring the
transmit and receive
signals.
Figure 134: JIF-FDM Unit Main JCI Screen

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7.28 DS3 Mapper Unit

The 86491 DS3 Mapper Unit transports a DS3 signal (45 Mb/s) received from external equipment over the
JungleMUX network. The DS3 Mapper unit is fully bidirectional with separate transmit and receive circuit
paths within the same unit. The DS3 Mapper may be connected to an SPE port (Y or Z) on the OC-3
JMUX unit or to a CBW port on the OC-12 JMUX unit and is mapped into an STS-1 SPE.
In an OC-3/OC-12 ring configuration, a 1+1 protected scheme may be implemented. Two DS3 Mapper
units interface JMUX units to the same DS3 signal to provide automatic path switching in the case of fiber
or unit failure. A path priority is set up during configuration so that the other path is only used when a
failure is detected on the priority path. Path protection switching time is specified as <1ms (after failure
detection time). Protection switching is revertive.
Front panels provide indication of received STS-1 SPE signal, far-end received STS-1 SPE signal status,
incoming DS3 signal status and whether the signal is on-line or off-line for ring configurations.
Loopback features are available through software which allow loopback on the line side as well as the
drop side of the unit.
To compensate for cable loss between the unit and the cross-connect panel, software selectable line
build-out ranges are available. The line code used is B3ZS.
External connections to drop equipment are made through 75Ω BNC connectors mounted on the unit
paddleboard.
TX RX RX TX
ON YEL ALM Left OC-3 VTs from SPE-X Right OC-3
not dropped
JMUX Unit on JIF port JMUX Unit
SPE-X SPE-Y SPE-Z SPE-Z SPE-Y SPE-X

ALARM
VT THROUGH or
ACK JIFports SPE THROUGH JIFports
(to JIF level (to JIF level
units) units)
SPE DROP SPE DROP
C.I.
DS3 DS3
Interlock
86491-01 MAPPER MAPPER
DS3 MAPPER UNIT UNIT UNIT
Figure 135:
DS3 Mapper Unit Front Figure 136: DS3 Mapper Unit to OC-3 JMUX Unit Connection
Panel
The DS3 Mapper unit occupies a single shelf slot position in a JungleMUX Common Equipment Shelf.

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APPENDIX A
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
List of Figures
Section 1 Figures
Figure 1: Block Diagram of Typical OC-3 JungleMUX Node (Ring Configuration) .....................................8
Figure 2: Block Diagram of JungleMUX OC-3 Node with a Pair of SPE-JIF Units (Ring Configuration) ....9
Section 2 Figures
Figure 3: Typical Rack Layout (OC-3 Node)..............................................................................................12
Figure 4: Common Equipment Shelf (Front View).....................................................................................13
Figure 5: Common Equipment Shelf (Rear View) .....................................................................................14
Figure 6: Expansion Shelf (Front View) .....................................................................................................14
Figure 7: Expansion Shelf (Rear View)......................................................................................................14
Figure 8: Power Unit Front Panel ..............................................................................................................15
Figure 9: Power Unit Paddleboard.............................................................................................................15
Figure 10: 115V AC Power Unit Front Panel .............................................................................................16
Figure 11: 115V AC Power Unit Paddleboard ...........................................................................................16
Figure 12: OC-1 JMUX Unit Front Panel ...................................................................................................17
Figure 13: OC-1 JMUX Unit Signal Flow Diagram ....................................................................................17
Figure 14: OC-1 JMUX Unit Main JCI Screen ...........................................................................................17
Figure 15: OC-3 JMUX Unit Front Panel ...................................................................................................18
Figure 16: OC-3 JMUX Unit Signal Flow Diagram ....................................................................................18
Figure 17: OC-3 JMUX Unit Main JCI Screen ...........................................................................................19
Figure 18: OC-3 JMUX Unit Edit TSI Screen ............................................................................................19
Figure 19: OC-12 JMUX Unit Front Panel .................................................................................................20
Figure 20: OC-12 JMUX Unit Signal Flow Diagram ..................................................................................21
Figure 21: Traffic Between OC-12 and OC-3 Subtended Rings................................................................21
Figure 22: SPE-JIF Unit Front Panel .........................................................................................................22
Figure 23: SPE-JIF Unit JCI Screen..........................................................................................................22
Figure 24: JIF-Share Unit Front Panel.......................................................................................................23
Figure 25: SYNC Unit Front Panel.............................................................................................................24
Figure 26: Normal Operation with Single BITS NE....................................................................................24
Figure 27: Operation with Primary BITS Failure ........................................................................................25
Figure 28: Operation with External Timing Failure ....................................................................................25
Figure 29: Operation with Two BITS NEs..................................................................................................26
Figure 30: Service Unit Front Panel...........................................................................................................27
Figure 31: Standard Service Unit Paddleboard .........................................................................................27
Figure 32: Visibility of two JungleMUX networks on one JNCI workstation...............................................28
Figure 33: Control of JungleMUX networks using IPSUs ..........................................................................29
Figure 34: Orderwire Unit Front Panel.......................................................................................................30

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APPENDIX A
Section 3 Figures
Figure 35: OC-1/STS-1 Frame ..................................................................................................................32
Figure 36: SONET Multiplexing Structure .................................................................................................33
Figure 37: Ring Configured System...........................................................................................................34
Figure 38: Security Features .....................................................................................................................35
Figure 39: Common Equipment Shelf (Rear View) ...................................................................................36
Section 4 Figures
Figure 40: Normal Configuration ...............................................................................................................37
Figure 41: Fiber Failure .............................................................................................................................38
Figure 42: Linear Network .........................................................................................................................39
Figure 43: Drop and Insert Application (OC-3 example) ...........................................................................39
Figure 44: JungleMUX System Comprising Multiple Rings, Linear Network and Spur .............................40
Figure 45: JungleMUX OC-3 Virtual Ring Established Through OC-48 Backbone Ring ..........................41
Figure 46: JungleMUX OC-N (N=1, 3, 12) Virtual Ring Closed Through OC-48 Backbone Ring .............41
Figure 47: DS1 Circuit Established between JungleMUX and non-JungleMUX SONET Nodes...............42
Figure 48: JungleMUX Ring with Microwave Radio Hops .........................................................................42
Section 5 Figures
Figure 49: Normal Synchronization ...........................................................................................................44
Figure 50: Fiber Failure Synchronization ...................................................................................................45
Figure 51: Headend Node Failure Synchronization ...................................................................................45
Figure 52: Propagation Delay Through an OC-1 JungleMUX System ......................................................46
Figure 53: Typical Node Assignment Drawing...........................................................................................47
Section 6 Figures
Figure 54: NMS Workstation Connection ..................................................................................................50
Figure 55: JNCI System View....................................................................................................................52
Figure 56: Node Icon Description ..............................................................................................................53
Figure 57: JNCI Node View .......................................................................................................................54
Figure 58: JIF-Share Unit Main JNCI View................................................................................................55
Figure 59: JIF-Share Unit JVT Bus View...................................................................................................56
Figure 60: JNCI Alarm Engine...................................................................................................................57
Figure 61: History Log ...............................................................................................................................58
Figure 62: Security Manager .....................................................................................................................59
Figure 63: Configuration Session Setup ....................................................................................................59
Figure 64: Summary Tab 4W VF Channel View .......................................................................................60
Figure 65: Summary Tab DTT-RCV Unit Channel View ...........................................................................60

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APPENDIX A
Section 7 Figures
Figure 66: 4W VF E&M Unit Front Panel...................................................................................................61
Figure 67: 4W VF Unit JCI Screen ............................................................................................................61
Figure 68: 2W FXO Unit Front Panel ........................................................................................................62
Figure 69: 2W FXS Unit Front Panel .........................................................................................................62
Figure 70: 2W FXS Unit JCI Screen..........................................................................................................62
Figure 71: 2W TO E&M Unit Front Panel .................................................................................................63
Figure 72: 2W TO E&M Unit JCI Screen...................................................................................................63
Figure 73: 4W VF Partyline Unit Front Panel ............................................................................................64
Figure 74: 4W Partyline Unit JCI Screen...................................................................................................64
Figure 75: Data-LS Unit Front Panel .........................................................................................................65
Figure 76: DATA-LS JCI Screen ...............................................................................................................65
Figure 77: RS-232 Connections ................................................................................................................65
Figure 78: Data-PTM Unit Front Panel ......................................................................................................66
Figure 79: DATA-PTM Unit JCI Screen.....................................................................................................66
Figure 80: HS Data Unit Front Panel .........................................................................................................67
Figure 81: HS DATA Unit JCI Screen........................................................................................................67
Figure 82: Data-G703 Unit Front Panel .....................................................................................................68
Figure 83: DATA-G703 Unit JCI Screen....................................................................................................68
Figure 84: Data-NX64 Front Panel ............................................................................................................69
Figure 85: DATA-Nx64 Unit JCI Screen ....................................................................................................69
Figure 86: Data-NX64F Front Panel..........................................................................................................70
Figure 87: Data-NX64F Unit Paddleboard................................................................................................70
Figure 88: Data-Nx64F Unit JCI Screen....................................................................................................70
Figure 89: JIF-DS1 Unit Front Panel .........................................................................................................71
Figure 90: JIF-DS1 Unit Front Panel .........................................................................................................71
Figure 91: JIF-DS1 Unit’s Main JCI Screen...............................................................................................71
Figure 92: JIF-DS1 Unit’s DS1 Interface JCI Screen ................................................................................72
Figure 93: Quad DS1 Unit Terminal Block Paddleboard ..........................................................................72
Figure 94: Quad DS1 RJ-48 Paddleboard.................................................................................................72
Figure 95: JIF-E1 Unit Front Panel ............................................................................................................73
Figure 96: JIF-E1 Unit’s Main JCI Screen .................................................................................................73
Figure 97: JIF-Ether Unit Front Panel........................................................................................................74
Figure 98: Ethernet LAN Connection.........................................................................................................74
Figure 99: JIF-Ether Unit Non-Hubbing Paddleboard................................................................................74
Figure 100: JIF-Ether Unit Hubbing Paddleboard......................................................................................74
Figure 101: DTT-XMT Unit Front Panel.....................................................................................................75
Figure 102: DTT-XMT Paddleboard ..........................................................................................................75
Figure 103: False Trip Probability..............................................................................................................75
Figure 104: DTT-RCV Front Panel ............................................................................................................76
Figure 105: DTT-RCV JCI Screen.............................................................................................................76
Figure 106: BC96 Code .............................................................................................................................76
Figure 107: DTT Test Panel (Front View)..................................................................................................77
Figure 108: DTT Test Panel (Rear View) ..................................................................................................77
Figure 109: CDR Unit Front Panel.............................................................................................................78
Figure 110: CDR JCI Screen.....................................................................................................................78

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APPENDIX A
Section 7 Figures
Figure 111: ATU-XMT Unit Front Panel ....................................................................................................79
Figure 112: ATU-XMT Unit JCI Screen .....................................................................................................79
Figure 113: ATU-XMT Input Ranges .........................................................................................................79
Figure 114: ATU-RCV Unit Front Panel ....................................................................................................80
Figure 115: ATU-RCV Unit JCI Screen .....................................................................................................80
Figure 116: ATU-RCV Output Ranges ......................................................................................................80
Figure 117: Contact I/O Unit Front Panel ..................................................................................................81
Figure 118: Video I/O Unit Front Panel......................................................................................................82
Figure 119: JungleMUX Video Applications ..............................................................................................83
Figure 120: Video I/O Unit 2-Slot Wide Paddleboard ................................................................................83
Figure 121: Video-OUT Main JCI Screen..................................................................................................83
Figure 122: Data Ports’ Screen .................................................................................................................84
Figure 123: VMapper-40 Unit Front Panel.................................................................................................85
Figure 124: JungleMUX 48 Mb/s Video WAN ...........................................................................................85
Figure 125: VMapper-40 Unit Cascading at OC-3 Node ...........................................................................86
Figure 126: VMapper-40 Unit JCI Screen .................................................................................................86
Figure 127: VMapper-10 Unit Front Panel.................................................................................................87
Figure 128: JungleMUX 11.2 Mb/s Video WAN ........................................................................................87
Figure 129: VMapper-10 Unit JCI Screen .................................................................................................88
Figure 130: Vport-F Unit Front Panel.........................................................................................................89
Figure 131: Typical Vport-F Unit Application .............................................................................................89
Figure 132: Remote Video I/O Unit Assembly...........................................................................................90
Figure 133: JIF-FDM Unit Front Panel ......................................................................................................91
Figure 134: JIF-FDM Unit Main JCI Screen ..............................................................................................91
Figure 135: DS3 Mapper Unit Front Panel ................................................................................................92
Figure 136: DS3 Mapper Unit to OC-3 JMUX Unit Connection.................................................................92
List of Tables
Table 1: SONET Hierarchy and Rates ......................................................................................................32
Table 2: DTT-XMT Specifications .............................................................................................................75

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APPENDIX B
LIST OF ACRONYMS
AC Alternating Current
ACK Acknowledge
ADC Analog-To-Digital Converter
ADM Add/Drop Multiplexer
AIS Alarm Indication Signal
ALM Alarm
AMI Alternate Mark Inversion
ANSI American National Standards Institute
APS Automatic Protection Switching
ATR Analog Telemetry - Receive
ATU Analog Telemetry Unit
ATX Analog Telemetry - Transmit
AUI Attachment Unit Interface
B8ZS Bipolar with 8 Zero Substitution
BC96 Balanced Code 96
BER Bit Error Rate
BPV Bipolar Violations
B3ZS Bipolar with 3 Zero Substitution
C Container; Common
CBW Configurable Bandwidth
CCC Control Center Computer
CCT Circuit
CDR Current Differential Relay
CI Craft Interface
CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check
CTS Clear To Send
CV Code Violations
DAC Digital-to-Analog Converter
DC Direct Current
DCC Data Communication Channel
DS0 Digital Signal – Level 0 (64 kb/s)
DS1 Digital Signal – Level 1 (1,544 kb/s)
DS3 Digital Signal – Level 3 (44,736 kb/s)
DSR Data Set Ready
DTT Direct Transfer Trip
DVD Digital Versatile Disc; Digital Video Disc
E1 Primary Multiplex Signal 2,048 kb/s
E1, E2 Ordewire bytes in Transport Overhead (E1 is Express Orderwire & E2 is Local Orderwire)
EEPROM Electronically Eraseable Programmable Read Only Memory
EMI Electro Magnetic Induction
ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute
FDM Frequency Division Multiplex
FET Field Effect Transistor

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APPENDIX B
LIST OF ACRONYMS
(CONTINUED)
FSK Frequency Shift Keying
FXO Foreign Exchange Office
FXS Foreign Exchange Station
HDB3 High Density Bipolar 3
HS High Speed
I/O Input/Output
IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
IP Internet Protocol
IPSU IP Service Unit
ITU-T International Telecommunication Union – Telecommunications Sector
JCI JungleMUX Craft Interface
JIF JungleMUX Intermediate Format
JMUX JungleMUX
JNCI JungleMUX Network Craft Interface
JPM J-Pack Master
JPS J-Pack Slave
JVT JungleMUX Virtual Tributary
LAN Local Area Network
LBL Label
LED Light Emitting Diode
LOF Loss Of Frame
LOH Line Overhead
LOP Loss Of Pointer
LOS Loss of Signal
LS Low Speed
MTU Master Terminal Unit
NBOC Network Build-Out Capacitance
NC Normally Closed
NE Network Element
NMS Network Management System
NO Normally Open
NTSC National Television System Committee
OAM&P Operations, Administration, Maintenance & Provisioning
OC Optical Carrier
OOF Out Of Frame
PBX Private Branch Exchange
PAL Phase Alternate Line
PIN Positive-Intrinsic-Negative
PLAR Private Line Automatic Ringdown
PLL Phase Locked Loop
POH Path Overhead
PPB Parts per Billion
PPM Parts per Million

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APPENDIX B
LIST OF ACRONYMS
(CONTINUED)
PRBS Pseudo Random Bit Stream

PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network
PTM Point To Multipoint
RCV Receive
REI Remote Error Indication
RFI Radio Frequency Interference
RLSD Remote Line Signal Detect
RTS Request To Send
RTU Remote Terminal Unit
RX Receive
SCADA Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition
SOH Section Overhead
SONET Synchronous Optical NETwork
SOY Switch on Yellow
SPI Serial Peripheral Interface
SSM Synchronization Status Messaging
STS Synchronous Transport Signal
SWC Surge Withstand Capability
TBOS Telemetry Byte Oriented Serial
TO Transmission Only
TOH Transport Overhead
TSI Time Slot Interchange
TX Transmit
VCR Videocassette Recorder
VCXO Voltage Controlled Crystal Oscillator
VF Voice Frequency
VNA Video Network Address
XCVR Transceiver
XMT Transmit
YEL Yellow
WAN Wide Area Network

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342-86400-400PS

Technical Overview and

Copyright © GE Multilin 2001

Copyright  GE Multilin 2001, All Rights Reserved

Copyright  GE Multilin 2001

2 PRODUCT STRUCTURE ........................................ 11

Copyright  GE Multilin 2001

5 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION AND ENGINEERING ...... 43

Copyright  GE Multilin 2001

7 JungleMUX INTERFACE UNITS ............................ 61

Copyright  GE Multilin 2001

Copyright  GE Multilin 2001

Copyright  GE Multilin 2001

1.3 Block Diagram

TSI SONET CLOCK

Figure 1: Block Diagram of Typical OC-3 JungleMUX Node (Ring Configuration)

Copyright  GE Multilin 2001

4W VF, O/W INTERFACE

TO SPE-JIF UNIT SPE Port Y

TO SPE-JIF UNIT SPE Port Y

TSI SONET CLOCK

Copyright  GE Multilin 2001

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

Copyright  GE Multilin 2001

Copyright  GE Multilin 2001

FIBRE TO: SITE B FIBRE TO: SITE C

L/R OUT IN VNA# L RING: 1 R

TX: 0158 P R 4 15x STD

JVT-Q (PAIR 4) VT-14: SITE G SG L/R slot VT

CCT1 CCT2 CCT3 CCT4 CCT1 CCT2 CCT3 CCT4

86429-M2 DTT TEST PANEL

J1 J2 J3 J4 J5 J6 J7 J8 J9 J10 J11 J12 J13 J14 J15

Figure 3: Typical Rack Layout (OC-3 Node)

Copyright  GE Multilin 2001

2.2 Equipment Shelf

g JungleMUX SONET Multiplexer

ALARM C.I. C.I. C.I. ALARM

86431-02 (48V) 86432-01 86434-02 86432-01 86431-02 (48V)

Figure 4: Common Equipment Shelf (Front View)

Copyright  GE Multilin 2001

86431 86434 86431

SYNC SIGNAL TO/FROM PADDLEBOARD INSTALLED

Figure 5: Common Equipment Shelf (Rear View)

86431-02 (48V) 86431-02 (48V)

Figure 6: Expansion Shelf (Front View)

C1 P15 A1 P14 P13 P12 P11 P10 P9 P8 P7 P6 P5 P4 P3 P2 P1

Figure 7: Expansion Shelf (Rear View)

Copyright  GE Multilin 2001

2.3 Power Unit

The Power unit can be paralleled with another Power

The paddleboard provides connections for station

The Power unit does not have a craft interface since

Copyright  GE Multilin 2001

2.4 AC Power Unit

The unit paddleboard provides connections for

Copyright  GE Multilin 2001

2.5 OC-1 JMUX Unit

C.I. Figure 13: OC-1 JMUX Unit Signal Flow Diagram

The Statistics screen (F9) allows

The transmit OC-1 signal may be

Copyright  GE Multilin 2001

2.6 OC-3 JMUX Unit

The OC-3 payload comprises three STS-1 Synchronous Payload Envelopes

Copyright  GE Multilin 2001