‫ﺑﺴﻢ ﷲ اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ اﻟﺮﺣﯿﻢ‬

‫ﻧﺤﻤﺪه و ﻧﺼﻠﯽ ﻋﻠﯽ ٰ رﺳﻮﻟہ اﻟﮑﺮﯾﻢ‬

SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF

THE LAST SERMON OF
THE MESSENGER OF ALLAH
(‫)ﺻﻠﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬

Justice ® Dr. Munir Ahmad Mughal

http://ssrn.com/Author=1697634

Introduction

The function of calling people

towards Islam and conveying them
the message of God was
accomplished and a new society
based on the social contract (the soul
of which was ‫)ﻻ اﻟہ اﻻﷲ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل ﷲ‬
had come into existence. The

1
Messenger of Allah ( ‫ﺻﻠﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ‬
‫ )وﺳﻠﻢ‬appointed Mu`adh bin Jabal the
Governor of Yemen in 10 AH and
while seeing him off, inter alia1,
1
The historical dialogue which later on became the
soul of all judicial education in Islam had also taken
place at that very time of departure of Mu`adh bin
Jabal from al-Madinah al-Munawwarah to Yemen as
Governor, as inspector General of all Education, and
as Chief Justice.
The Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﺻﻠﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬asked:
O Mu`adh! How will you decide the cases between the
litigants?
“According to the Kitabullah” was the reply from the
side of Mu`adh.
But if you do not find a solution in Kitabullah then what
will you do in that case?
“I shall look in to the Sunnah Rasulullah ( ‫ﺻﻠﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ‬
‫ ”)وﺳﻠﻢ‬was the response. But if still you do not find a
solution there, then what will you do? I shall try my
level best and exercise Ijtihad to make out a personal
judgment in the light of the two (i.e. the Holy Qur’an
and Sunnah) and find out the solution. Hearing this
answer of Mu`adh the Messenger of Allah ( ‫ﺻﻠﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ‬
‫ )و آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬appreciated the response and thanked Allah
Almighty saying: All Praise belongs to Allah, who
blessed with courage and fortitude (taufiq) the
messenger of His Messenger to the right and true

2
disclosed: O Mu`adh! Probably, you
will not meet me again after this year
of mine. Rather, you will pass by this
mosque of mine and my grave.
Hearing this Mu`adh wept.
In fact, Allah Almighty was pleased to
show to his Prophet ( ‫ﺻﻠﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ‬
‫ )وﺳﻠﻢ‬the fruits of the labour of that he
had put and the hardships and
afflictions he had suffered at the
hands of the opponents of Islam for
the last over twenty years in
course of conduct. This hadith is recorded by Abu
Da`ud in his Sunan, in the Book of belief, in vol. 3,
hadith No. 3592; See also Sunan al-Tirmidhi, Kitab al-
Ahkam, vol, 2, p. 394, Hadith No. 1348; Sunan al-
Darimi, Almuqaddimah, volume 1, p.55,Hadith No.
170, Musnad Ahmad bin Hanbal, Vol1 p. 37,, vol 5, pp
230, 236 ,342; Jami` al-Usul, vol.10, p. 522, hnn7651;
Jam`aul-Fawa’id, vol1, p.685, Hadith No. 4923. All
these references are present in Adab al-Qadi (Islamic
legal and Judicial System) by Imam Khassaf, English
translation by Justice Dr. Munir Ahmad Mughal,
published by Kazi Publications, Lahore: 1999, pp.14
and 15.

3
accomplishing the Divine mission of
calling mankind towards their True
God, True Lord, Almighty Allah. It
was thus the Divine Policy that on
the occasion of Hajj the Messenger
of Allah (‫ )ﺻﻠﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬with
representatives of all tribes of Arabs
get together and there the Injunctions
of Islam are made public and open
evidence be taken on the fact that
the Messenger of Allah ( ‫ﺻﻠﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و‬
‫ )آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬has conveyed the Message of
God which was a trust with him in the
most trustworthy manner. Thus the
Messenger of Allah ( ‫ﺻﻠﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ‬
‫ )وﺳﻠﻢ‬made known his intention to
perform the Hajj which attracted
every Muslim to follow the imprints of
the Prophetic feet in this behalf.2
2
Muslim, Sahih, bab Hajjatun-Nabiyy (sallallahu`alyhi
wasallm), vol. 1, p. 394 transmitted on the authority of
Hadrat Jabir (radiyallahu `anhu), as quoted by

4
It was the 25th of Zil-Qa`adah, 10 AH/
March, 632 AD that the Messenger of
Allah (‫ )ﺻﻠﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬proceeded
from al-Madinah al-Munawwarah
towards Makkah al-Mukarramah to
perform Hajj.3 Abu Dujanah Sa`idi or
Saba` bin `Artafah Ghifari was appointed
to look after the affairs at al-Madinah al-
Munawwarah till the return of the
Messenger of Allah (‫)ﺻﻠﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬
from Hajj. A caravan of ninety thousands

Safiyyur-Rahman Mubarikpuri, in al-Rahiq al-Makhtum

(A world known book on Prophets’s Biography, that
won the first prize at world level in 1978AD. The total
articles were 1182, of which on short-listing remained
183 and out of them this article stood first. This
competition was held under the auspices of Rabitah
`Alam al-Islami, Makkah al-Mukarramah), p. 731
(Urdu version of Arabic al-Rahiq al-Makhtum,
published by al-Maktabah al-Salafiyyah, Lahore, in
November, 1988AD.
3
Hafiz Ibj Hajar has conducted a very nice research
on this point. See Fath al-Bari, vol. 8 p. 104.

5
believers accompanied the Messenger of
Allah (‫ )ﺻﻠﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬from al-
Madinah al-Munawwarah and before its
reaching Makkah al-Mukarramah people
of other tribes and people who had come
from Yemen had reached Makkah al-
Mukarramah. On the Day of Hajj in the
plane of `Arafat there was grand
assembly of 1,24,000 believers who had
come there all the way long for
performance of Hajj . The Messenger of
Allah (‫ )ﺻﻠﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬had taken
along with him the sacrificial animals
also. When they reached the place called
Sarf, the Messenger of Allah ( ‫ﺻﻠﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ‬
‫ )و آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬directed that those persons who
had not brought the sacrificial animals
with them should come out of the Ihram
of `Umrah. Hadrat `A’ishah Siddiqah
was undergoing the menstrual circle, she
was informed that she had performed all

6
the rituals of Hajj which are performed
by the pilgrims but that she should not
circumambulate the Ka`batullah in such
physic-biological condition. The
Messenger of Allah (‫)ﺻﻠﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬
was riding on his camel called Qaswa’ in
the plane of `Arafat and delivered the
historical address and gave guiding
principles to the Ummah that were the
best till the Last Day and stated that He
has accomplished his Prophetic and
Messengership mission fully. The
Qur’anic verse 5:8 was revealed on that
occasion. This address is called the
Farewell Address as it was the last
Sermon delivered to the people during
the Last Hajj of his life.
Khutabah Hajjatul-Wida` is in fact the
First Human Charter which was given
by the Messenger of Allah ( ‫ﺻﻠﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و‬
‫ )آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬to the whole mankind on 9th of

7
Zul-Hajj 10th AH./ February, 632 AD.
While standing on the Jabal al-Rahmat in
the Valley of `Arafat. It was a sermon so
sincere and serene, yet so melodious and
thought provoking and giving to
mankind fundamental and guiding
principles concerning the rights of
humanity whereby life at all levels could
be reformed and set right at individual,
collective, national, international and
universal level for all time s to come.
This Farewell Address of the Messenger
of Allah (‫ )ﺻﻠﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬has got the
status of Universal Manifesto for whole
mankind. As he is the Messenger of
Allah and Last of all the Prophets ( ‫ﺻﻠﯽ‬
‫ )ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬so this address is the
Last Word on the subject of Human
Rights.

8
THE SALIENT FEATURES OF THE
FAREWELL ADDRESS WERE,-

1. There shall be belief in pure

Oneness of Allah (wherein there is no
admixture of any kind of shirk) and
act according to the Holy Qur’an.
2. There shall be universal human
brotherhood according to the
ideology of unity of human race, and
reconstruct the society according to
Islamic equality and fraternity; There
shall be Total root out of the racial
and tribal prides, highness and
lowness of castes, lingual, national,
race, colour or geographical biases
and the piety (taqwa) alone shall be
the standard of all honour for all.
3. There shall be maintained Justice
and equity, Peace and security,
9
freedom of thought and action,
freedom of belief, mutual tolerance
and protection of the rights of
women.

Every word of it is the word of the

last Messenger of Allah ( ‫ﺻﻠﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ‬
‫ )و آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬who did not spoke from
his own desire but spoke only that
which Allah Almighty willed. It
means the human rights mentioned
in it were the best and most suited
to mankind till the last day of this
world.
Every word of it was based on
experience seen by the Holy
Prophet (‫ )ﺻﻠﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬and
the world around him and thus it
was a solution of the practically
faced problems by the humanity.

10
It was a sermon which spoke itself
as to its truthfulness and usefulness
I which there was no vested interest
of any person. All that was
pronounced was in the greater
interest of the deprived, the weak,
and the needy and to maintain a
society which could be tested on
any standard as the most civilized
and balanced society in all spheres,
be they social, economic, political,
psychological, philosophical,
educational, moral or physical.
From the first breath of span of life
to the last breath was taken in view
in this address and simple,
practicable solutions were afforded
in it. Thus it was a charter for
humanity at large to follow in all
walks of life to maintain peace and
order in any society.

11
It was a sermon full of peace,
blessings and mercy for all mankind
of all times.
It was a sermon which looks like a
legal instrument of an international,
rather universal level.
It was a sermon delivered at
international gathering and has
stood the test of the time and
proved the best guide for all
legislatures in the world.
The language, the wording, the
style, the brevity, the boldness, the
truthfulness, the meaningfulness of
the statements, the principles laid
down in it are all of the top most
genius standard having no better
programmed and no better
expression than that it has put
forward.

12
Arabic Text of the Last Pilgrimage
Address, its translation and
explanation in English:
1. The Messenger of Allah ( ‫ﺻﻠﯽ‬
‫ )ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬said:

‫ﯾﺎ اﯾﮭﺎاﻟﺬﯾﻦ آﻣﻨﻮا اﻧﯽ ﻻ اراﮐﻢ و اﯾﺎﮐﻢ ﺗﺠﺘﻤﻊ‬

‫ﻓﯽ ھﺬا اﻟﻤﺠﻠﺲ اﺑﺪا۔‬

“O mankind! Listen to me as I do
not understand that we will get
together like this gathering any
more in any world assembly.4 O
mankind! Allah Almighty says:
      

     

4
Ibn HIsham, Abu Muhammad Abdul Malik (d. 213 or
218 AH) , al-Siratun-Nabawiyyah, Mustfa al-Babi Misr:
(1375 AH), Vol. 2 p. 603.

13
       

 
O mankind! We created you from a
single (pair) of a male and a female,
and made you into nations and
Tribes, that ye may know Each
other (Not that ye may despise
(each other). Verily the Most
honoured of you In the sight of
Allah is (He who is) the Most
righteous of you. And Allah has full
knowledge and is well acquainted
(with all things).

[49:13]
[Thus in the light of this glorious
verse of the Holy Qur’an, the
Messenger of Allah ( ‫ﺻﻠﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ‬
‫ )وﺳﻠﻢ‬said:
14
“Neither an Arab has got any
superiority over a non-Arab nor a
non-Arab has any superiority over
an Arab; nor a black has any
superiority over a white nor a white
has any superiority over a black
except the one who is the most
pious among them.
All human beings are the progeny
of Adam and Adam was made of
clay.”

These Prophetic words show that

this Address is Universal, full of
love for mankind and telling that
every word of it is for the welfare
of mankind in every aspect.

15
 2. The Messenger of Allah
(‫ )ﺻﻠﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬then said:
Now all claims of superiority, all
claims of bloods and claims of
family prides and revenges, are
trodden down under my feet.
The trusteeship of Baytullah and the
services of the department of supply
of water to the Pilgrims shall
remain intact.

‫ان دﻣﺎﺋﮑﻢ و اﻣﻮاﻟﮑﻢ و اﻋﺮاﺿﮑﻢ ﺣﺮام ﻋﻠﯿﮑﻢ‬

‫ﮐﺤﺮﻣۃ ﯾﻮﻣﮑﻢ ھﺬا ﻓﯽ ﺑﻠﺪ ﮐﻢ ھﺬا ﻓﯽ ﺷﮭﺮﮐﻢ‬
‫ھﺬا‬
“ Your bloods, your properties and
your honours are as inviolable as
you respect this City of yours, this
month of yours and this day of
yours.”5

5
Muslim, Sahih, Bab Hajjatun-nabiyy, al-Maktabh
al-Rashidiyyah, Delhi: (1376 AH), vol1, p.397.

16
 Here all the known and hard facts
and ground realities were being put
forward to make the audience
understand fully well with reference
to the context.
3. The Messenger of Allah ( ‫ﺻﻠﯽ‬
‫ )ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬said:

‫و ﺳﺘﻠﻘﻮن رﺑﮑﻢ ﻓﯿﺴﺌﻠﮑﻢ ﻋﻦ اﻋﻤﺎﻟﮑﻢ۔ اﻻ ﻓﻼ‬

‫ﺗﺮﺟﻌﻮا ﺑﻌﺪی ﺿﻼ ﻻ ﯾﻀﺮب ﺑﻌﻀﮑﻢ رﻗﺎب‬
‫ﺑﻌﺾ۔‬

“O People! You all have to appear soon

before Allah and He will question you
about your deeds. Beware! Never go
astray after me nor cut the necks of each
other.”
This shows that murder, extortion, to
outrage or molest the modesty of fellow
beings are acts totally forbidden. These
three acts are in fact the cause of all

17
mischief and disorder on this earths
every where.
4. The Messenger of Allah
(‫ )ﺻﻠﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬said:

‫اﻻ ﮐﻞ ﺷﯽء ﻣﻦ اﻣﺮاﻟﺠﺎھﻠﯿۃ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻗﺪﻣﯽ‬

‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮع و دﻣﺎء اﻟﺠﺎھﻠﯿۃ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋۃ و ان اول‬
‫دم اﺿﻊ ﻣﻦ دﻣﺎﺋﻨﺎ دم اﺑﻦ رﺑﯿﻌہ اﺑﻦ اﻟﺤﺎرث‬
‫ﮐﺎن ﻣﺴﺘﺮﺿﻌﺎ ﻓﯽ ﺑﻨﯽ ﺳﻌﺪ ﻓﻘﺘﻠہ ھﺬﯾﻞ‬

“O People! Beware; I trod down

under my feet all matters of the
Period of Ignorance, set aside all
murder disputes. I do here by leave
my contest for the first blood
dispute that relates to my own
family and that was of Ibn Rabi`ah
ibn Harith who was suckling in

18
 Banu Sa`d and Hudhayl had
murdered him.” 6
This shows that all such matters which
are not permissible in Din are all
included in the term al-Jahl i.e.
Ignorance. To forgive murder is not an
easy task for victim’s heirs. One who
gets revenge though has the right to do
so but the one who pardons is really a
bold person. It is pardoning from the
core of heart without any fear or pressure
than wins the hearts, sooner or later.
5. The Messenger of Allah
(‫ )ﺻﻠﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬said:

‫و رﺑﺎ اﻟﺠﺎھﻠﯿۃ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋۃ و اول رﺑﺎ اﺿﻊ ﻣﻦ‬

‫رﺑﺎﻧﺎ رﺑﺎ ﻋﺒﺎس اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻤﻄﻠﺐ ﻓﺎﻧہ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع‬
‫ﮐﻠہ۔‬

6
Muslim, Sahih, Bab Hajjatun-nabiyy, al-Maktabh al-
Rashidiyyah, Delhi: (1376 AH), vol1, p.397.

19
 “I leave all the amount of usury
accumulated and payable in respect
of the loans advanced by `Abbas
bin `Abd al-Muttalib.”
This shows that mankind was worst hit
by the exploitations of which at the top
was this usury which was abolished by
leaving the amount due even to the law-
giver. In the Holy Qur’an, Allah
Almighty declares that Allah has made
the Trade lawful and has made the Usury
unlawful. All economic evils are
generated by usury. All economic
imbalances are caused by usury.
Alleviation of poverty is not possible
unless this curse is ended. All unlawful
conditions in an Islamic contract are
void.
6. The Messenger of Allah
(‫ )ﺻﻠﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬said:

20
 ‫ﻓﺎﺗﻘﻮاﷲ ﻓﯽ اﻟﻨﺴﺎء ﻓﺎﻧﮑﻢ اﺧﺬﺗﻤﻮھﻦ ﺑﺎﻣﺎن ﷲ‬
‫واﺳﺘﺤﻠﻠﺘﻢ ﻓﺮوﺟﮭﻦ ﺑﮑﻠﻤۃ ﷲ وﻟﮑﻢ ﻋﻠﯿﮭﻦ ان‬
‫ﻻ ﯾﻮطﯿﻦ ﻓﺮﺷﮑﻢ اﺣﺪا ﺗﮑﺮھﻮﻧہ ﻓﺎن ﻓﻌﻠﻦ‬
‫ذاﻟﮏ ﻓﺎﺿﺮﺑﻮھﻦ ﺿﺮﺑﺎ ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﺒﺮح و ﻟﮭﻦ‬
‫ﻋﻠﯿﮑﻢ رزﻗﮭﻦ و ﮐﺴﻮﺗﮭﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮوف ۔‬

“O People! Fear God in the matter of

your wives. The reason is that you have
taken on your self this responsibility of
wedlock in the name God and they have
become your life partners observing the
rule of law given by God. You have
mutual rights. Your right is that they
should not allow any other person on
your bed and their right on you is that
you maintain them well in food and
dress.”
All right of women stand protected in the
above sacred prophetic words. Women
are to be dealt with goodly, politely,
nicely, respectfully, causing no

21
maltreatment or disrespect in talk or
behaviour. There should be no exchange
of harsh words, no hurling of abuses, no
taunting, no backbiting, no domestic
violence, no insulting treatment, in any
open or hidden manner. She is not a
slave. She is also not a servant. She is an
equal life partner. She is to maintain the
honour of the house and the family.
Similarly, a wife must be modest, honest,
and dutiful and performing her functions
as are befitting a wife towards her
husband and children and other family
members. All human beings are born of
mothers. How great is the glory of
mother. Hence husband and wife must
tolerate if there is any bitterness. No
doubt misunderstandings do arise being
natural consequence of levels of
understanding but those who observe
patience and ignore minor and

22
inadvertent human slips are certainly
triumphant in the ultimate. Both the
spouses have to play their role fairly and
justly.
7. The concluding words of the
Address of the Messenger of
Allah (‫ )ﺻﻠﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬were:

‫و ﻗﺪ ﺗﺮﮐﺖ ﻓﯿﮑﻢ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻦ ﺗﻀﻠﻮا ﺑﻌﺪه ان‬

‫اﻋﺘﺼﻤﺘﻢ ﺑہ ٖ ﮐﺘﺎب ﷲ ۔‬

“O people! I am leaving behind that

which if you hold strong you shall
never go astray and that is the Book
of God.” 7
This shows that the whole guidance for
mankind is contained in the Holy Qur’an
till the Day of Judgment and its practical
demonstration is in the Sunnah of the

7
Muslim, Sahih, Bab Hajjatun-nabiyy, al-Maktabh al-
Rashidiyyah, Delhi: (1376 AH), vol1, p.397.

23
Messenger of Allah ( ‫ﺻﻠﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ‬
‫)وﺳﻠﻢ‬, the Excellent model available to
whole mankind in the life pattern of the
Messenger of Allah ( ‫ﺻﻠﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ‬
‫)وﺳﻠﻢ‬. The storage of Ahadith contains
full scrutinized and authentic ahadith
comprising Ahadith Qauli, Ahadith Fi`li
and Ahadith Taqriri. All that the
Messenger of Allah (‫)ﺻﻠﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬
said was his Sunnat Qauli found
recorded in Hadith Qauli . All that the
Messenger of Allah (‫)ﺻﻠﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬
himself did was his Sunnat Fi`li found
recorded in hadith Fi`li and all that the
Messenger of Allah (‫)ﺻﻠﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬
saw doing some companion and did not
object or criticized the conduct of the
sahabi was called his Sunnat Taqriri
found recorded in Hadith Taqriri as his
tacit approval or implied approval of
such conduct of such sahabi.

24
 8. The Messenger of Allah ( ‫ﺻﻠﯽ‬
‫ )ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬then said:

‫ﯾﺎ اﯾﮭﺎ اﻟﻨﺎس! اﻧہ ﻻ ﻧﺒﯽ ﺑﻌﺪی وﻻ اﻣۃ ﺑﻌﺪﮐﻢ‬

“O mankind! The fact is that there is

no prophet is to come after me nor
any Ummat after you.” 8

This means the Din has been perfected

till the Last Day. All that is or will be
required for mankind that has been kept
condensed and fully preserved in Islamic
injunctions which are contained in the
Holy Qur’an and Sunnah. The Code for
the believers is the Holy Qur’an as
practically demonstrated by the Uswah
Hasanah/‫ اﺳﻮة ﺣﺴﻨۃ‬of the Messenger of
Allah (‫)ﺻﻠﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬. Sunnah is
8
Ibn Majah, Sunan; Ibn `Asakir; Muhammad
Sulayman Mansurpuri,Rahmatul-Lill`Alamin, Hanif
book Depot, Delhi: 1930, Vol. 1, p. 263

25
thus the practical demonstration of all
that has been enjoined by the Holy
Qur’an.

        

       


Ye have indeed In the Messenger of
Allah a beautiful pattern (of conduct) for
any one whose hope is in Allah and the
final Day, and who engages much in the
Praise of Allah.
[33:21]

There is in the life of the Messenger of

Allah (‫ )ﺻﻠﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬an excellent
model for all Muslims to follow. The
standard for all Muslims till the last Day
26
is that which is in the Holy Qur’an and
Sunnah. The Holy Qur’an says:
       

       

Say: "If ye do love Allah, follow Me:
Allah will love you and forgive you your
sins: for Allah is Oft-forgiving, Most
Merciful."
[3:31]

Problems are to come in many and

multiple forms. The solutions are to be
found in the two pure sources of
Kitabullah and Sunnah Rasulullah
(‫)ﺻﻠﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬. To seek
knowledge is the duty of every Muslim,
male and female. Awareness is gained to
work well, to behave well, to conduct
27
well, to fare well, and to deal with others
well. When the Messenger of Allah ( ‫ﺻﻠﯽ‬
‫ )ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬was once asked as to
What was al-Din? (‫)ﻣﺎ اﻟﺪﯾﻦ؟‬The
Prophetic answer was:Al-Din is all
welfare (‫)اﻟﺪﯾﻦ اﻟﻨﺼﯿﺤۃ‬. When again asked
whose welfare? The Prophetic answer
was: Of Allah, of the Messenger of Allah
(‫ )ﺻﻠﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬and of the whole
of the Muslims (i.e. the human beings
who are who are submissive to God and
His Prophet (‫)ﺻﻠﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬.
Welfare and well being of all in all
dimensions. Fairness is proved by
justice. Justice is nearest to Piety and
piety is observance of the Rule of Law
(i.e. the Shari`ah/‫)ﺷﺮﯾﻌۃ‬.
9. The Messenger of Allah ( ‫ﺻﻠﯽ‬
‫ )ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬then said:

28
‫اﻻ ﻓﺎﻋﺒﺪوا رﺑﮑﻢ و ﺻﻠﻮا ﺧﻤﺴﮑﻢ و ﺻﻮﻣﻮا‬
‫ﺷﮭﺮﮐﻢ و ادوا زﮐﻮة اﻣﻮاﻟﮑﻢ طﯿﺒۃ ﺑﮭﺎ اﻧﻔﺴﮑﻢ‬
‫و ﺗﺤﺠﻮن ﺑﯿﺖ رﺑﮑﻢ وا طﯿﻌﻮا وﻻة اﻣﺮﮐﻢ‬
‫ﺗﺪﺧﻠﻮا ﺟﻨۃ رﺑﮑﻢ‬

“Listen it well, Worship your Lord

(Allah Almighty) Alone, Establish
five timely prayer, Observe fasts of
the month of Ramadan in an year,
Pay the poor due (Regular Zakat)
with open heart, and perform Hajj
Baytullah Sharif and obey those of
you who are vested with authority.
Its reward is that you shall enter
Paradise of Your Lord.”
10. The Messenger of Allah ( ‫ﺻﻠﯽ‬
‫ )ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬then said:

‫و اﻧﺘﻢ ﺗﺴﺌﻠﻮن ﻋﻨﯽ ﻓﻤﺎ اﻧﺘﻢ ﻗﺎﺋﻠﻮن؟‬

‫ ﻧﺸﮭﺪ اﻧﮏ ﻗﺪ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ و ادﯾﺖ و ﻧﺼﺤﺖ۔‬:‫ﻗﺎﻟﻮا‬

29
 O People! You will be questioned
about me on the Day of Judgment.
What will be your answer at that
time? All spoke with one voice: We
bear witness that you ( ‫ﺻﻠﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و‬
‫ )آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬have conveyed the message
as was its due and you have
informed us of the true and the
false.” The Arabic words of the
companions were:
‫ﺑﻠﻐﺖ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ ﯾﺎ رﺳﻮل ﷲ‬
(You have conveyed, You have
conveyed, O the Messenger of
Allah (‫))ﺻﻠﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬.

The voice of these slogans echoed in the

in the atmosphere of grand and vast field
of `Arafat at Makkah al-Mukarramah.

30
 ‫ﻓﻘﺎل ﺑﺎﺻﺒﻌہ اﻟﺴﺒﺎﺑۃ ﯾﺮﻓﻌﮭﺎ اﻟﯽ اﻟﺴﻤﺎء و‬
‫ اﻟﻠﮭﻢ اﺷﮭﺪ۔اﻟﻠﮭﻢ اﺷﮭﺪ۔ اﻟﻠﮭﻢ‬:‫ﯾﻨﮑﺘﮭﺎ اﻟﯽ اﻟﻨﺎس‬
‫اﺷﮭﺪ۔‬
After that the Messenger of Allah ( ‫ﺻﻠﯽ‬
‫ )ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬raised his index finger
towards the heavens and then laid it
down towards the people and said:
“O God! Be a witness to all this
evidence. O God! Be a witness to
all this evidence. O God! Be a
witness to all this evidence.”

After that the Messenger of Allah

(‫ )ﺻﻠﯽ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬said:
‫اﻻ ﻟﯿﺒﻠﻎ اﻟﺸﺎھﺪ اﻟﻐﺎﺋﺐ ﻓﻠﻌﻞ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻣﻦ ﯾﺒﻠﻐہ‬
‫ان ﯾﮑﻮن اوﻋﯽ ٰ ﻟہ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻤﻌہ۔‬
Beware! Those who are present
should convey this message to those
who are not present. May be the
one whom message is conveyed
further understand it better,

31
 preserve in heart and mind better,
and explain in better than the
audience.9
At this very juncture there came the
Arch Angel Hadrat Jibra’il (Peace
be upon him) with the following
revelation from Allah Almighty:

     

     

    

       

9
Muslim, Sahih, pp. 181 to 188 transmitted on the
authority of Ja`far bin Muhammad (‫)رﺿﯽ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﯽ ٰ ﻋﻨہ‬
taken from Sufi Muhammad Barkat `Ali ‘s Tartib
Sharif, Darul-Ihsan, Faisalbad, p. 971 to 975.

32
      

      

     

    

       

       


Forbidden to you (for food) are:
dead meat, blood, the flesh of
swine, and that on which hath been
invoked the name of other than
Allah. that which hath been killed
by strangling, or by a violent blow,
33
or by a headlong fall, or by being
gored to death; that which hath
been (partly) eaten by a wild
animal; unless ye are able to
slaughter it (in due form); that
which is sacrificed on stone (altars);
(forbidden) also is the division (of
meat) by raffling with arrows: that
is impiety. This Day have those
who reject Faith given up all hope
of your religion: yet fear them not
but fear Me. This Day have I
perfected your Religion for you,
completed My favour upon you,
and have chosen for you Islam As
your religion. But if any is forced
by hunger, with no inclination to
transgression, Allah is indeed
Oft-forgiving, Most Merciful.
[5:3]

34
After that the Messenger of Allah ( ‫ﺻﻠﯽ‬
‫ )ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿہ و آﻟہ وﺳﻠﻢ‬sacrificed a hundred
camel (slaughtering 67 with his own
sacred hand and the remaining 33 with
the hand of Hadrat `Ali (Allah’s pleasure
be on him), then he came to Makkah al-
Mukarramah and circumambulated the
Ka`bah and returned to al-Madinah al-
Munawwarah.
It is recorded in the ahadith that one
hundred and twenty four thousands
(1, 24,000) of companions had attended
this Address.
[Al-hamdulillahi Rabbil-`Alamin.
Wassalatu wassalamu `ala sayyidil-
mursalin.].

35