What is Active Form?

When we use active form, the thing doing the action is the
subject and the thing receiving the action is the object.

Active Form

subject (thing doing action) + verb + object (thing receiving action)

What is Passive Form?
When we use passive form, the thing receiving the action is the
subject and the thing doing the action is the agent that optionally
included near the end of the sentence.
Passive Form
subject (thing receiving action) + be + past participle of verb + by +
agent (thing doing action)

Optional
 How to Change Active into Passive Form

Active subject verb object

Ardha brings the dictionary

Passive

The dictionary is brought by Ardha

subject be + past participle verb agent
1. Present Simple
Active
S + V1/V1+s (do/does) + O

Passive
S + be (am/is/are) + V3 + by + agent (optional)

Example
Active : Cempaka cleans the house twice a week.
Passive : The house is cleaned by Cempaka twice a week.
2. Past Simple
Active
S + V2 (did + V1) + O

Passive
S + be (was/were) + V3 + by + agent (optional)

Example
Active : Someone stole Novita’s money yesterday.
Passive : Novita’s money was stolen yesterday.
3. Future Simple
Active
S + will + V1 + O

Passive
S + will + be + V3 + by + agent (optional)

Example
Active : Will Regina finish the work by 11:00 PM?
Passive : Will the work be finished by Regina by 11:00 PM?
 4. Past Future Simple
Active
S + would + V1 +
O

Passive
S + would + be + V3 + by + agent (optional)

Example
Active : Raudya would not collect the money after 12:00 PM.
Passive : The money would not be collected by Raudya after 12:00
PM.
 5. Present Continuous
Active
S + be (am/is/are) + Ving + O

Passive
S + be (am/is/are) + being + V3 + by + agent (optional)

Example
Active : Is Fachri visiting Dina right now?
Passive : Is Dina being visited by Fachri right now?
 6. Past Continuous
Active
S + be (was/were) + Ving + O

Passive
S + be (was/were) + being + V3 + by + agent (optional)

Example
Active : We were bullying Dina the whole morning yesterday.
Passive : Dina was being bullied by us the whole morning yesterday.
 7. Future Continuous
Active
S + will + be + Ving + O

Passive
S + will + be + being + V3 + by + agent (optional)

Example
Active : Jemmy will be doing a linguistics proposal the whole night
tomorrow.
Passive : A linguistics proposal will be being done by Jemmy the
whole night tomorrow.
 8. Past Future Continuous
Active
S + would + be + Ving + O

Passive
S + would + be + being + V3 + by + agent (optional)

Example
Active : Alief would be composing a rap song when the class quieted
down.
Passive : A rap song would be being composed by Alief when the
class quieted down.
 9. Present Perfect
Active
S + have/has + V3 + O

Passive
S + have/has + been + V3 + by + agent (optional)

Example
Active : Has Ecan washed the dishes after the breakfast?
Passive : Have the dishes been washed by Ecan after the breakfast?
 10. Past Perfect
Active
S + had + V3 +
O

Passive
S + had + been + V3 + by + agent (optional)

Example
Active : Sule had sent the presentation to Ms. Dwi before Tani did.

Passive : The presentation had been sent by Sule to Ms. Dwi before
Tani did.
 11. Future Perfect
Active
S + will + have + V3 + O

Passive
S + will + have + been + V3 + by + agent (optional)

Example
Active : Arsha will have finished the exam before the bell rings.

Passive : The exam will have been finished by Arsha before the bell
rings.
 12. Past Future Perfect
Active
S + would + have + V3 + O

Passive
S + would + have + been + V3 + by + agent (optional)

Example
Active : Dellia would have downloaded some films if she had known
that there was a free wi-fi.

Passive : Some films would have been downloaded by Dellia if she

had known that there was a free wi-fi.
 13. Present Perfect Continuous
Active
S + have/has + been + Ving + O

Passive
S + have/has + been + being + V3 + by + agent (optional)

Example
Active : Rohma has been studying accounting since she was a high
school girl.

Passive : Accounting has been being studied by Rohma since she was
a high school girl.
 14. Past Perfect Continuous
Active
S + had + been + Ving + O

Passive
S + had + been + being + V3 + by + agent (optional)

Example
Active : We had been playing Uno (card game) since 09:30 AM.

Passive : Uno (card game) had been being played by us since 09:30
AM.
 15. Future Perfect Continuous
Active
S + will + have + been + Ving + O

Passive
S + will + have + been + being + V3 + by + agent (optional)

Example
Active : They will have been following a seminar for 2 hours at 01:00
PM.

Passive : A seminar will have been being followed by them for 2 hours
at 01:00 PM.
 16. Past Future Perfect Continuous
Active
S + would + have + been + Ving + O

Passive
S + would + have + been + being + V3 + by + agent (optional)

Example
Active : Jemmy would have been listening to the Beatles for an hour.

Passive : The Beatles would have been being listened to by Jemmy for
an hour.