105 學年度第一學期儀器分析期末考重點提示

(範圍: Chapters 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17,19)

Chap. 10 Atomic Emisson Spectrometry

1. 何謂電漿(Plasma)? 圖示誘導耦合電漿(ICP)火炬的構造並簡述其產生電漿

之原理。Define the term Plasma. Draw a schematic figure of a typical ICP

source and briefly describe the principle how the plasma is produced.

2. 為什麼使用 ICP 光源的原子放射方法會比火焰式吸收光譜方法更適用於多

元素的分析工作中? Why atomic emission methods with an ICP source are

better suited for multi-element analysis than are flame atomic absorption

methods?

3. 在放射光譜法中，相對於火焰光源，使用電漿光源具有哪些優點? What are

some of the advantages of plasma sources compared with flame sources for

emission spectroscopy?

4. 與誘導耦合電漿(ICP)比較時，使用直流電電漿(Direct Current Plasma; DCP)

具有哪些優缺點?

Chapter 11 Atomic Mass Spectrometry

5. 與原子光譜方法比較時，原子質譜法具有哪些優缺點? Describe the

advantages and disadvantages of atomic mass spectrometry in comparison with

atomic emission spectroscopy.

6. 簡述原子質譜法的分析原理; 試以方塊圖畫出質譜儀的組件。Describe the

principle of atomic mass spectrometry. Draw the components of a mass

spectrometer using a block diagram.

7. 質譜儀的質量分析器有哪幾種類型？並簡略說明其質量分析原理。What

types of mass analyzers are used in mass spectrometers? Briefly describe the

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 principle of mass analysis of each.

8. 誘導耦合電漿式質譜法(ICPMS)中的 ICP 火炬具有甚麼樣的功能? What

function does the ICP torch have in ICPMS?

Chapters 13 and 14 Ultraviolet-Visible Molecular Absorption Spectrometry

9. 用於 UV-visible 分子吸收光譜分析的儀器有哪四種型式?簡述各種型式儀器

的優點。What are the four general types of spectroscopic instruments for

UV-visible molecular absorption spectroscopy? What are the advantages of each

type?

10. 為什麼光電倍增管(photomultiplier tubes)不能用於紅外線輻射的量測? Why

can photomultiplier tubes (PMT) not be used with infrared radiation?

11. 試比較光度計(photometer) 分光光譜儀(spectrophotomer)及攝譜儀

(spectrograph)之差異。Describe how a photometer, a spectrophotomer, and a

spectrograph differ from each other.

12. 舉例說明何謂發色團(chromophore)及助色團(auxochrome)?具有哪種結構的

有機化合物較易吸收紫外光-可見光輻射？它們的吸收通常涉及那些型態的

電子躍遷(electronic transition)? Define the term “chromophore” and

“auxochrome”. What kind of organic compounds absorb UV-visible radiation

more strongly? What kinds of electronic transition are usually involved in the

UV-visible absorption of organic compounds?

13. 舉例說明何謂電荷轉移之吸收(Charge-Transfer Absorption)? Give an example

explaining what is the charge-transfer absorption?

Chapter 15 Molecular Luminescence Spectrometry

14. Refer to the following figure, define the following terms (解釋名詞):

(a) vibrational relaxation, (b) fluorescence, (c) phosphorescence, (d) singlet state,
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 (e) triplet state.

15. 下列每一對化合物中哪一個會具有較高的螢光效率?為什麼? Which

compound in each of the pairs below would you expect to have a greater

fluorescence quantum yield? Explain.

(a) (b)

Pyridine Quinolone Fluorene Biphenyl

Chapter 16 & 17 Infrared Spectrometry

16. 試說明紅外線吸收光譜分析法的原理和用途。Describe the principle and

possible applications of infrared spectrometry.

17. 寫出中紅外光區的波長和波數範圍。What are the ranges of wavelength and

wavenumbers commonly used in the middle infrared region?

18. CO2 及 H2O 具有哪幾種可能的振動模式？哪些振動具有 IR 活性？哪些不

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 會？為什麼？ How many kinds of vibrational mode do carbon dioxide and

water have? Which types are active or inactive in the IR spectrum? Explain your

answers.

19. 下列振動型式中哪些具有 IR 活性(i.e.會吸收紅外光)?為什麼?

20. FTIR 光譜儀和傳統的分散式儀器比較時具有哪些優點? What are the

advantages of an FTIR spectrometer compared with a dispersive instrument?

Chapter 19 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

21. 簡述核磁共振光譜分析法的原理和用途。Briefly describe the principle and
possible applications of nuclear magnetic resonance.
22. 何謂化學位移 (chemical shift)？影響化學位移的因素何在？Define the term
“chemical shift”. What are the factors affecting the chemical shift values?
23. 試畫出 ethyl acetate 的質子核磁共振光譜圖 (1H-NMR spectrum)。以此圖為

例說明何謂自旋-自旋分裂 (spin-spin splitting) 並解釋造成此現象的原因。

What 1H NMR spectrum would you expect for ethyl acetate? Explain what is the

spin-spin splitting and the origin of spin-spin slitting.