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Rice is a staple in any kitchen, and with so many different types, it lends itself to a limitless number of recipes.
Before you add the same type of rice to every recipe you prepare, however, think twice. Substituting one type of
rice for another can really alter the result of a recipe. Each type of rice has its own taste, texture, and unique
properties that work well with different cooking applications. So how do you know which one is the best type of
rice to use? This guide examines factors that differentiate types of rice, from nutty basmati to fragrant jasmine
and more
Hull - Each grain of rice is enclosed in a tough outer hull, or husk, that needs to be removed before it can be
consumed. This layer is removed in all rice types.
Bran - Under the hull, the bran layer is not removed in all rice types. This nutritious whole grain section is
usually tan-colored, but it may be reddish or black depending on the pigmentation in the bran layers. The bran
layer may be consumed, but it is often removed when further processing rice.
White Rice - Once the bran and germ layers are removed, white rice remains. Known as the endosperm, this is
the part of the rice that is most commonly consumed.
Germ - Found under the hull, the germ, or rice kernel, is nutrient-dense. Full of B vitamins, minerals, and
proteins, it helps give rice its color and added nutritional benefits.
Types of Rice
Rice is often characterized as one of three varieties - long grain, medium grain, or short grain rice. These
varieties refer to the length and shape of the grain. Simply speaking, long grain rice will have a longer
cylindrical shape, whereas short grain rice will be shorter and wider.
Long Grain Rice - This rice has milled grains that are at least three to four times as long as they are wide. Due
to its starch composition, it is separate, light and fluffy when cooked.
Medium Grain Rice - When compared to long grain rice, medium grain rice has a shorter, wider kernel. Since
the cooked grains are more moist and tender than long grain rice, the rice has a greater tendency to stick
together.
Short Grain Rice - Featuring grains that are less than twice as long as they are wide, this rice is short and best
for sushi. It has a sticky texture when cooked.
Texture
When cooking rice dishes, you'll want to think about the desired texture of the rice. The starch content varies
from rice type to rice type. It will affect whether rice is sticky or light and fluffy.
Sticky Rice - Also known as sweet rice, sticky rice is grown mainly in Southeast and East Asia and is used in
many traditional Asian dishes, desserts, and sweets. When cooked, sticky rice is especially sticky and is often
ground into rice flour.
Parboiled Rice - This “rough” rice has gone through a steam-pressure process before milling that gelatinizes
the starch in the grain. This process produces a more separate grain that is light and fluffy when
cooked. Converted rice is a type of parboiled rice that has been further pre-cooked, which ultimately allows
you to whip up dishes of rice even faster.
Color
Rice is naturally brown after harvesting, but once the nutrient-rich outer layer of bran is removed, it is white in
color. Red rice, black rice, and purple rice all feature unique pigmentation in the bran. For these colorful rice
varieties, the bran layer usually remains for added visual appeal and added nutritional value.
Polished Rice - The term “polished” simply refers to white rice that has had its outer brown layer of bran and
germ removed. Rice that has shed its bran layers can also be referred to as "milled rice."
Brown Rice - This healthful rice sheds its outer husk and retains its bran and germ layers that give it a
characteristic tan color. Though brown rice takes a little longer to cook than white rice, the nutrient-dense layers
are rich in vitamins and minerals.
Forbidden Rice - High in nutritional value, this rice is also known as black rice and has a mild nutty flavor.
Slightly sticky when cooked, it is used in a variety of Chinese or Thai dishes, including Chinese black rice cake
and mango sticky rice. Mix it with white rice, and it also adds color to any rice pilaf or rice bowl.
Wild Rice - Wild rice grains are harvested from the genus Zizania of grasses. High in protein, wild rice adds a
colorful, exotic flair to any rice dish. Serve it with stir frys, mushroom soups, or casseroles for something new.
Aroma
Aroma is another factor to consider when cooking with rice. Certain rice varieties give off pleasing fragrances
while being cooked. Add a sensory element to your guests' dining experience with these rice types.
Basmati Rice - Basmati rice is a type of long-grain rice that is popular among Indian cuisine and other ethnic
dishes. Cooked basmati rice imparts a subtle nutty or popcorn-like flavor and aroma.
Jasmine Rice - Jasmine rice, sometimes known as Thai fragrant rice, is a type of long grain rice with a long
kernel and slightly sticky texture when cooked. Use it to infuse a subtle jasmine flavor and aroma into your
dishes.
Different Types of Rice and Their Uses
As shown above, there are a variety of factors involved in choosing what rice will best suit your establishment's
needs. Take a look at these types of rice to determine which flavor profile, color, length, and texture will work
best for your next signature recipe.
Arborio
Arborio rice is a medium grain rice that is wider in size and has a characteristic white dot at the center of the
grain. It is named after the town of Arborio in the Po Valley of Italy, where it is grown. Due to the high starch
content of Arborio rice, it has a slightly chewy and sticky consistency and develops a creamy texture when
cooked.
Basmati
When cooked, basmati rice grains are long, dry, and separate. They impart a pleasant, nutty aroma and flavor in
any dish. It is common in Indian and Asian cuisine, but it can be used in a variety of flavorful recipes. Serve it
plain or with fresh herbs, green onions, coconut, or vegetables for a signature pilaf.
Brown
Brown rice grains have a chewy texture when cooked. They impart a pleasant, slightly nutty flavor in any dish.
The nutritious bran layers are left on brown rice so it can retain its natural goodness and tan color. Rich in
vitamins and minerals, brown rice is a 100% whole grain food. It is a versatile rice that becomes light and fluffy
when cooked, ensuring it won't stick together.
Cultivated in Thailand, jasmine rice will bring an exotic flair and flavorful accent to any dish. It develops a
pleasant jasmine aroma while it is cooking. Use it when making a variety of traditional Asian dishes, including
curries and stir-frys. The moist, soft texture is ideal for soaking up spices and flavors.
White
Due to the starch composition of white long grain rice, it has a slightly sticky consistency that's useful in
stuffing, casseroles, and stir-fry dishes. It is arguably the most familiar and easily recognizable rice in
traditional American recipes, and it's also popular in Asian and Mexican cuisine. Compared to other varieties of
rice, it has a mild flavor and light and fluffy texture when cooked.
Now that you know which types of rice work best with your recipes, browse our large selection of commercial
rice cookers, rice warmers, and sushi rice containers to meet your cooking needs. A rice napkin holds the rice
while it's cooking and keeps your rice fluffed up. It also makes cleanup quick and easy, since it permits rice
from sticking to the sides of the rice cooker! For more information on how to cook rice, be sure to check out our
Rice Cooker Buying Guide. Our How to Use a Rice Cooker video below provides step-by-step instructions for
cooking rice to perfection!
Don't forget that we have a variety of rice related products to meet your serving needs. Find the perfect rice
bowl and browse our selection of rice ladles. A rice scoop makes it easier to scoop out and portion rice for your
most popular rice bowls.
Rice growing in fields and paddies has three edible parts – the bran, the germ, and the endosperm – just like all
other whole grains. Most of us think of “brown rice” as being synonymous with whole grain rice, but in fact
whole grain rice can be many different colors, depending on the variety of rice. Most rice varieties look
similarly white once they’re milled to remove the bran and germ – but trace them back to their origins, and
you’ll see a vibrant range of colors.
Flooding at various stages in the plant’s life keep pests and weeds at b
In this photo, you can see the rice “heads” filling with kernels.
Long Grain Brown Rice
Sweet rice is short and plump with a chalky white, opaque kern
When cooked, sweet rice loses its shape and is very sticky.
Wehani® Rice
INBRED
HYBRID
Height: 99 cm
IR69726-29-1-2-2-2 (MATATAG2)
Average yield: 4.4 t/ha
Maximum yield: 7.6 t/ha
Maturity: 116 days after seeding
Height: 105 cm
Intermediate reaction to blast,green
leafhopper, stem borer and bacterial leaf
Reaction to pests & diseases:
blight. Moderately resistant to brown
plant hopper and stem borer. Susceptible to tungro.
Grain size: Long
Milling recovery: 64.6%
Eating quality: Hard
IR73885-1-4-3-2-1-6 (MATATAG 9)
Average yield: 5.7 t/ha
Maximum yield: 5.7 t/ha
Maturity: 115 days after seeding
Height: 102 cm
Intermediate reaction to blast and bacterial
leaf blight. and green leaf hopper.
Reaction to pests & diseases:
Resistant to tungro. Moderately resistant to
stem borer. Moderately susceptible to brown planthopper.
Eating quality: Soft
NSIC Rc110 (TUBIGAN 1)
Average yield: 4.8 t/ha
Maximum yield: 6.7 t/h
Maturity: 113 days after seeding
Height: 91 cm
Intermediate reaction to blast, bacterial leaf blight,
Reaction to pests & diseases: stem borer, and tungro. Moderately susceptible to
brown plant hopper. Susceptible to green leafhopper.
Grain size: Long
Milling recovery: 69.0%
Eating quality: Medium*
v
NSIC Rc194 or Submarino 1
HYBRID