Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Assessment Scheme
You will be assessed through QUIZZES,
ENG 101 ASSIGNMENTS, MID TERM EXAM AND A FINAL
EXAMINATION.
Their weight-age I.e
Quiz - 15%
Lesson No:1 Assignment - 15%
Mid term exam - 30%
Final exam - 40%
Today’s lesson is in two parts. In the 1st part you will learn A dictionary is a book that not only lists and records the words
about the of a language but it also tells you how speakers of the language
• uses of a language dictionary spell, pronounce, define, explain and use the words of their
• how to use a dictionary language.
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1
Exercise (i) Spelling
Use the dictionary to answer the following questions about
spelling. (ii) Pronunciation
a) What other possible spellings does your dictionary Students have problems pronouncing English words. A dictionary will
give for these words? help you learn the pronunciation of any word but only if you are
Theatre Catalogue familiar with the symbols in which they are written. We will discuss
b) Does your dictionary say anything about the spelling this in greater detail in the next lesson.
‘theatre’ and ‘catalogue’.
c) How is the past tense of the following verbs spelling? All language dictionaries carry a pronunciation key/table. Be sure to
If there are two possibilities, write both. read it.
Theatre Catalogue
(iii) Part of speech:
All dicts indicate what part of speech a word belongs to - whether the
word is commonly used as N, ProN, V (tran, intr), Adj, Adv, Conj,
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Art, or Prep. 8
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Exercise (iv-b)
1. The boys like to play a on the hard court A dictionary will tell you the usage of words and phrases, idioms /
2. Amna will play the sitar in the concert. proverbs of the language. It will also tell you about the limitations of the
use of the word. Special labels are used to show this. If a word is no
3. The play produced by the arts club was a success. longer in current use it will be labelled archaic (arch) or obsolete (obs).
4. It was a clever play that won the football game. Other labels will tell you of the level of usage: whether the word has
5. The gardener played the hose on the flower beds. literary flavour (poetic) or is slang (sl), formal (fml) informal (infml).
6. A ‘week without water can make one weak’ is a play
on words
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Exercise (vi-b) Restrictive or Usage Labels
Exercise( vi-a )Usage Restrictive Labels
Idioms / Two-word Verbs / Phrasal Verbs / Noun Phrase
a) Look up the words / phrases, write whether its use is
primarily slang, informal or colloquial.
Look up the underlined words in the following sentences
& write their meanings.
Guys Cool
1. Prof. Widdowson held forth for over an hour about the
Example
need for communication language teaching.
Will it be O.K. if I met you at the library about eight.
2. I don’t get how you found the answer.
Label: Colloquial
Meaning: All Right
3. My roommate is pretty hard up these days.
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Step 2: Finding Words Quickly
A) when looking for a word first thumb through pages quickly
Now we move to the second part which, I hope you will When the earth was very young, it was dark and old like a
enjoy. winter’s night through all the year’s seasons. Gull was the Custodian
of Daylight, and he kept it locked tight in a cedar box beneath his
We are going to first show you the text of a story. wing. Being Custodian made Gull feel very important, and he was
not going to lose his position by letting Daylight out of the box.
Then I will read it out aloud and you can listen carefully
for the general meaning of the story. “He is too vain!” screeched Owl, at a meeting of the People
upon Meeting Hill.
You will listen to a folk tale from N. America. The story is
about a natural event. “We can never travel, in this darkness, to our half-homes in
this south,” cried Robin. Her breast was bleached of color for the
lack of light.
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Gull agreed to come to the meeting. But it was clear, when But of course it was so dark that he could not see the thorn to
he came, that he was not going to change his mind or listen remove it.
to what Raven said. He had come only because it made him “I must have light to take out the thorn,” said Raven.
feel even more important to have Raven pleading with him.
“Light? Never!” said Gull.
“I was made Custodian of Daylight in the beginning
of things,” said Gull. “I am to keep Daylight safe. And I will “Then the thorn will remain.”
keep it safe.” And he curved his swing tighter around the
cedar box. Gull complained and hopped on one foot and wept, and he
finally opened his cedar box a crack, a crack so narrow that out
Raven had run out of words to make Gull see the glanced a shaft of light no brighter than a single star.
People’s need for light. He thought angrily to himself, “I
wish this Gull would step on a large thorn.” Raven put his hand to Gull’s foot, then pretended not to see
the thorn. Instead, he pushed it in deeper.
No sooner had he shaped this thought than Gull
cried out, “Squee! My foot!” “Squee!” cried Gull. “My foot!”
“A thorn, Cousin?” asked raven innocently. “Let me
see-I will take it out for you.” 23 “More light, more light!” shouted Raven. 24
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And the lid of the box rose a further crack, so that light gleamed You have heard the story. Now answer questions on the story.
forth like a winter moon. Then Raven reached again for the thorn
Q1. Listen to 4 statements. Select the one which best expresses the
and pushed it even further into the soft flesh of Gull’s foot.
main idea of the story.
“More light!” roared Raven. a) The removal of the thorn from Raven’s foot.
b) The meeting of birds and animals upon Meeting Hill.
“Squee, squee, squee!” screamed Gull, and in his pain he c) The release of daylight over the earth.
flung off the lid of the cedar box. d) The capture of daylight in the cedar box.
Like a molten fish the sun slithered from the box, and light ‘C’ is the correct statement. “The release of daylight over the earth”.
and warmth blazed out over the world.
Q2. Listen to the following 8 statements: As you hear each
Nor was it ever to be recaptured, no matter how loudly or statement write T if it is true or F if it is false.
how sadly Gull called to it to return to its safe hiding place beneath
his wing. a) Raven and Gull are birds.
b) Gull and Raven are related.
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Statements a, b and g are true. What natural event is this story trying to
Statements c, d, e, f and h are false. explain?
( What is a myth?
Its an ancient story containing magical and
religious ideas. An early attempt of mankind
to understand their surroundings and to give
meaning to life.
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THE COUNTRY MOUSE AND THE TOWN MOUSE Do you not prefer the conversation of the world to the chirping of birds;
and the splendour of a court to the rude aspect of an uncultivated desert?
An honest, plain sensible Country Mouse is said to have Come, take my word for it, you will find it a change for the better. Never
entertained in his hole, one day, a fine Mouse of the Town. Having stand considering, but away this moment. Remember we are not
formerly been playfellows together, they were old acquaintances, which immortal, and therefore we have no time to lose. Make sure of to-day,
served as an apology for the visit. However, as master of the house, he and spend it as agreeably as you can; you know not what may happen
thought himself obliged to do the honours of it, in all respects, and to tomorrow.” In short, these and suchlike arguments prevailed, and his
make as great a stranger of his guest as he possibly could. In order to do country acquaintance was resolved to go to town that night. So they both
this, he set before him a reserve of delicate grey peas and meat, a dish of set out upon their journey together, proposing to sneak in after the close
fine oatmeal, some parings of new cheese, and to crown all, with a of the evening. They did so, and about midnight made their entry into a
dessert, a remnant of a charming mellow apple. In good manners her certain great house, where there had been an extraordinary entertainment
forbore to eat any himself, lest the stranger should not have enough, but, the day before, and several titbits, which some of the servants has
that he might seem to bear the other company, sat and nibbled a piece of purloined, were hid under the seat of a window. The country guest was
wheaten straw very busily. At last, said the spark of the town, “Old immediately placed in the midst of a rich Persian carpet: and now it was
Crony, give me leave to be a little free with you: how can you bear to the courtier’s turn to entertain, who indeed acquitted himself in that
live in this nasty, dirty, melancholy hole here, with nothing but woods, capacity with the utmost readiness and address, changing the courses as
and meadows, and mountains, and rivulets about you? elegantly, and tasting everything first as judiciously as any clerk of the
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The other sat and enjoyed himself like a delighted epicure, tickled tot he Does the fable teach you any lesson?
last degree with this new turn of his affairs; when, on sudden, a noise of
somebody opening the door made them start from their seats, and scuttle Possible answers: To each his own environment
in confusion about the dining-room. Our country friend, in particular, ( discuss)
was ready to die with fear at the barking of a huge mastiff or two, which
opened their throats just about the same time, and made the whole house How important are Freedom and Security in life?
echo. At last recovering himself. “Well,” said he, “if this be your town
life, much good may it do you; give me my poor quiet hole again, with
my homely, but comfortable grey peas.”
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Q.1 Is there anything common between the two stories? Consult your reading package for assignments related to the first
lesson . Your next lesson will deal with using the dictionary for
Q.2 Are there any specific lessons the authors want you to learn? learning pronunciation of English words.
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