LRFD Live Load Distribution Factors: Txdot

TXDOT County: ANY Highway: Any Design: BRG Date: 5/30/19 2007 LRFD Specs
BRIDGE C-S-J: XXX-XX-XXXX ID #: XXXX Ck Dsn: Date: Rev. 8/08 - (No Interim)
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DIVISION Descrip: Box-beam Superstructure File: #VALUE! Sheet:
LRFD Live Load Distribution Factors 1
Live Load Distribution Factors are calculated according to AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications, 4th Edition
(2007 with no interim revisions) as prescribed by TxDOT policies (LRFD Design Manual July 2008) and practices.
The Range of Applicability is ignored.
INPUT:
Interior Beam2 Exterior Beam
Box Type 3
4B20 5B20
Joint Width, tJoint 1.5 in 1.5 in
Spacing, S4 4.104 ft 5.104 ft
Number of Beams, Nb 4 2
Overhang Width, OH5 not applicable 2.323 ft
Skew, q 0 degrees 0 degrees
Slab depth, ts = 5.0 in (if using asphalt type 0)
CLbrg to CLbrg, L = 38.42 ft
Rail Width, RW = 1.0 ft
Roadway Width, W = 24.17 ft
Total No. of Beams, Nb = 6
No. of Lanes, NL = 2
SECTION PROPERTIES:
Interior Exterior
Beam Type 4B20 slab 5B20 slab
Width of Top Flange (in) - bft 43.75 n/a 55.75 n/a
Thickness of Top Flange (in) - tft 5.5 n/a 5.5 n/a
Width of Bottom Flange (in) - bfb 47.75 n/a 59.75 n/a
Thickness of Bottom Flange (in) - tfb 5 n/a 5 n/a
Design Thickness of Web (in) - tw 5 n/a 5 n/a
Design Beam Width or Effective Slab Width (in) - b6 or EFW6 47.75 49.25 59.75 58.50
Beam Height or Slab Height (in) - d or ts 20 5 20 5
Dist from Edge of Beam to Edge of Flange (in) - x 4 n/a 4 n/a
Area (in2) - A 591.8 246.2 717.8 292.5
Distance to centroid from bottom of beam (in) - y b 9.81 22.5 9.88 22.5
Moment of Inertia (in4) - I 28086 513 35233.6 609
Weight (klf) - W 0.616 0.257 0.748 0.305
Notes:
1. For typical cross sections ( f, g (sufficiently connected to act as a unit)). Table 4.6.2.2.1-1
2. If there are mixed beam types in the interior, then this calculation should be completed for each beam type.
3. When the Span Length is greater than 100ft for Beams 4B40 and 5B40, use Beams 4B40+100 and 5B40+100 respectively.
4. Beam spacing is based on the bottom width of the beam plus the joint width.
5. Overhang width is from the center of the beam to the edge of the slab. The default value is based on 1/2 the top width of the beam.
6. The design beam width equals the width of the bottom flange. For box beams topped by a concrete slab, the Effective Flange Width (EFW) is
calculated below.
RESULTS: FINAL FINAL

LLDF LLDF
Interior Shear LLDF, gVinterior 0.488 Exterior Shear LLDF, gVexterior 0.671
Interior Moment LLDF, gMinterior 0.356 Exterior Moment LLDF, gMexterior 0.428
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CALCULATIONS:
Composite Moment of Inertia, Ic
(calculated based on effective flange width)
INTERIOR BEAMS (Int.)
Effective Flange Width, EFW (composite section) (AASHTO LRFD Section 4.6.2.6)
{ }
L
4
EFWint = min
12 t s + max
[ ]tw
0 . 5 bft
EFWint = 49.25 in
where tw equals the distance between the outside of the webs

at their tops (AASHTO LRFD Comm. C4.6.2.6.1)
Distance to the composite section centroid, yc
A beam y bbeam + A slab y bslab
yc = yc_int = 13.54 in
A beam + A slab
Distance from the composite centroid to the slab or box section centroid, d
dbeam = y c − y beam dbeam_int = 3.73 in
dslab = y c − y slab dslab_int = 8.96 in
Ic = I beam + A beam ( d beam )2 + I slab + A slab ( d slab ) 2 Ic_int = 56,622 in4
EXTERIOR BEAMS (Ext.)

Effective Flange Width, EFW (composite section)
(Calculated based on exterior beam
{ }
dimesions for the adjacent interior beam.) L
8
EFWext = 0 . 5 EFW int +min
6 t s +max
[ 0 .5 t w
0. 25 b ft ] EFWext = 58.50 in
OH
where tw equals the distance between the outside of the webs

at their tops (AASHTO LRFD Comm. C4.6.2.6.1)
Distance to the composite section centroid, yc
A beam y bbeam + A slab y bslab
yc = yc_ext = 13.53 in
A beam + A slab
Distance from the composite centroid to the slab or box section centroid, d
db = y c − y beam db_ext = 3.65 in
ds = y c − y slab ds_ext = 8.97 in
I beam + A beam ( d beam )2 + I slab + A slab ( d slab ) 2
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2 2
Ic = I beam + A beam d beam + I slab + A slab
( ) ( d slab ) Ic_ext = 68,945 in4
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St Venant's Torsional Constant, J (AASHTO LRFD Eq. C4.6.2.2.1-3 (for thin-walled shapes))
4A
o2
J=
s
∑t
Where, Ao is the area enclosed by the centerlines of the elements that make up the thin-walled structure, s is
the element lengths, and t is the element thicknesses (see diagrams below for a graphical representation of
these variables).
For the calculation of J, the shear key is ignored, and the Box Beam cross section is simplifed to an open
box with dimensions equaling d (height) and b fb - 2x (width).
Simplified Beam
Depicting Ao Depicting s and t of Elements
t fb +t ft −t s t fb +t ft −t s
( )
A o = ( b fb −2 x−t w ) d−
2
∑ t=
s bfb −2 x−t w b fb −2 x−t w
t ft +t s
+
t fb
+2 ( d−
tw
2
)
INTERIOR BEAMS (Int.) EXTERIOR BEAMS (Ext.)
Ao_int = 599.44 in2 Ao_ext = 806.44 in2
s s
∑ t= 17.160 ∑ t= 20.702
Jint = 83,761 in4 Jext = 125,655 in4

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Distance between the Outside Web and the Face of the Curb, d e
de = OH - RW-1/2 * bfb + x + 1/2*tw = -0.6 ft
Minimum Distribution Factor

m = 1.0
gmin = m · NL ÷ Nb = 1.0 x 2 lanes ÷ 6 beams = 0.333
Correction for Skew

Shear LLDF Correction for Skew (Table 4.6.2.2.3c-1)
Range of Applicability (ROA) Checks
Check q: 0° ≤ 0° ≤ 60° OK
Check L: 20' ≤ 38.4' ≤ 120' OK
Check Nb: 5 ≤ 6 ≤ 20 OK
Check b: 35'' ≤ 47.8'' ≤ 60'' OK
Check d: 17'' ≤ 20'' ≤ 60'' OK
12 . 0 L
Corr. = 1. 0+ √ tan θ = 1.000
90 d
Moment LLDF Correction for Skew (Table 4.6.2.2.2e-1)
Based on TxDOT's LRFD Bridge Design Manual, "Do not apply the skew correction factor for
moment as suggested in Article 4.6.2.2.2e."

Shear LLDF Correction for Skew (Table 4.6.2.2.3c-1)
Check q: 0° ≤ 0° ≤ 60° OK
Check L: 20' ≤ 38.4' ≤ 120' OK
Check Nb: 5 ≤ 6 ≤ 20 OK
Check b: 35'' ≤ 59.8'' ≤ 60'' OK
Check d: 17'' ≤ 20'' ≤ 60'' OK
12 . 0 L
Corr. = 1. 0+ √ tan θ = 1.000
90 d
Moment LLDF Correction for Skew (Table 4.6.2.2.2e-1)
Based on TxDOT's LRFD Bridge Design Manual, "Do not apply the skew correction factor for
moment as suggested in Article 4.6.2.2.2e."
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Lever Rule - INTERIOR BEAMS (Int.)
SInt = 4.1 ft
INTERIOR LEVER RULE for Interior Beams
For S < 4:
16
One Lane = = 0.500
32
> For 4 ≤ S < 6:
16
One Lane = = 0.500
32
16 S−4
Two Lanes =
32 (
1+
S ) = 0.513
For 6 ≤ S < 10:

16 S−6
One Lane =
32
1+
S ( ) = 0.269
16 S−6 S−4
Two Lanes =
32 (
1+
S
+
S ) = 0.282
INTERIOR
One Lane Loaded = 0.500
Two Lanes Loaded = 0.513
Load Distribution Factors
Moment LL Distribution Per Lane (Table 4.6.2.2.2a-1):

Check b: 35'' ≤ 47.8'' ≤ 60'' OK
Check L: 20' ≤ 38.4' ≤ 120' OK
Check Nb: 5 ≤ 6 ≤ 20 OK
Use the Equations from Table 4.6.2.2.2a-1 because all criteria is OK.
One Lane Loaded
Lever Rule
mg = 1.2 * 0.500 = 0.600
Equation 0.5 0 .25
b I
g= k ( 33. 3 L )() J
= 0.306 where, k = 2. 5 ( N b )−0 .2 ≥1 . 5 k = 1.747
USE EQUATION
gVint1 = 0.306
Two or More Lanes Loaded

Lever Rule
mg = 1.0 * 0.513 = 0.513
Equation 0.6 0. 2 0 . 06
b b I
g= k ( )(
305 12 .0 L )() J
= 0.356
USE EQUATION
gMint2+ = 0.356
>> If W ≥ 20 ft, gMinterior is the maximum of gMint1, gMint2+, and gmin.
gMinterior = 0.356
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gMinterior = 0.356
If W < 20 ft, gMinterior is the maximum of gMint1 and gmin.
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Load Distribution Factors
Shear LL Distribution Per Lane (Table 4.6.2.2.3a-1):

Check b: 35'' ≤ 47.8'' ≤ 60'' OK
Check L: 20' ≤ 38.4' ≤ 120' OK
Check Nb: 5 ≤ 6 ≤ 20 OK
Check J: 25,000 ≤ 83,761 ≤ 610,000 OK
Check I: 40,000 ≤ 56,622 ≤ 610,000 OK
Use the Equations from Table 4.6.2.2.3a-1 because all criteria is OK.
One Lane Loaded
Lever Rule
mg = 1.2 * 0.500 = 0.600
Equation 0. 15 0. 05
b I
g=
( ) ()
130 L J
= 0.488
USE EQUATION
gVint1 = 0.488
Modify for Skew:
skew correc. = 1.000
gVint1 = 0.488
Two or More Lanes Loaded Equation

Lever Rule
mg = 1.0 * 0.513 = 0.513
Equation 0.4 0. 1 0 . 05
b b
g=
( )(
156 12. 0 L ) ( ) (48b )
I
J
= 0.487 where,
(48b )≥1. 0
USE EQUATION
gVint2+ = 0.487
Modify for Skew:
gVint2+ = 0.487
>> If W ≥ 20 ft, gVinterior is the maximum of gVint1, gVint2+, and gmin.

gVinterior = 0.488
If W < 20 ft, gVinterior is the maximum of gVint1 and gmin.
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Load Distribution Factor Calculations for Exterior Beams
Note: The exterior Live Load Distribution Factor calculations require the interior Live Load Distribution
Factors to be calculated. Since the exterior beam can be of a different width than the interior beam, the Live
Load Distribution Factors need to be calculated for an interior beam that has the same width as the exterior
beam. The Live Load Distribution Factors for this 'equivilant interior beam' will be used in the calculation of
the Live Load Distribution Factors for the exterior beam.
Lever Rule - EXTERIOR BEAMS (Ext.)

SExt = 5.1 ft OH = 2.3 ft RW = 1.0 ft X = SExt+OH-RW-2ft = 4.4 ft
INTERIOR LEVER RULE for Exterior Beams EXTERIOR LEVER RULE for Exterior Beams
For S < 4: > For X < 6:

16 16 X
One Lane =
32
= 0.500 One Lane = ( )
32 S
= 0.434
> For 4 ≤ S < 6: For 6 ≤ X < 12:

16 16 X X −6
One Lane =
32
= 0.500 One Lane = (
32 S
+
S ) = 0.280
Two Lanes = 16 1+ S−4

32 ( S ) = 0.608
For 6 ≤ S < 10: For 12 ≤ X < 18:

16 S−6 16 X X −6
One Lane =
32
1+
S( ) = 0.412 One Lane =
32 S(+
S ) = 0.280
Two Lanes = 16 1+ S−6 + S−4 16  X X  6 X  12 

32 ( S S ) = 0.520 Two Lanes =  
32  S S

S 
 = -0.462
INTERIOR EXTERIOR
One Lane Loaded = 0.500 One Lane Loaded = 0.434
Two Lanes Loaded = 0.608 Two Lanes Loaded = 0.434
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Moment LL Distribution Per Lane (Table 4.6.2.2.2):

Check de: -0.6' ≤ 2' OK
Check b: 35'' ≤ 59.8'' ≤ 60'' OK
Check L: 20' ≤ 38.4' ≤ 120' OK
Check Nb: 5 ≤ 6 ≤ 20 OK
Use the Equations from Table 4.6.2.2.3b-1 because all criteria is OK.
One Lane Loaded
Equivalent Interior Beam (Table 4.6.2.2.2b-1):
Lever Rule
mg = 1.2 * 0.500 = 0.600
Equation 0. 5 0 . 25
b I
gint = k ( 33 . 3 L )() J
= 0.325 where, k = 2. 5 ( N b )−0 .2 ≥1 . 5 k = 1.747
USE EQUATION
gMint1(ext) = 0.325
Exterior Beam (Table 4.6.2.2.2d-1):
Lever Rule
mg = 1.2 * 0.434 = 0.521
Equation
de
g = e * gint = 0.359 where, e = 1. 125+ ≥1 . 0 e = 1.105
30
USE EQUATION
gMext1 = 0.359
Equivalent Interior Beam (Table 4.6.2.2.2b-1):
Lever Rule
mg = 1.0 * 0.608 = 0.608
Equation 0.6 0. 2 0 . 06
b b I
gint = k ( )(305 12 . 0 L )() J
= 0.421
USE EQUATION
gMint2+(ext) = 0.421
Exterior Beam (Table 4.6.2.2.2d-1):
Lever Rule
mg = 1.0 * 0.434 = 0.434
Equation
g = e * gint =
de
0.428 where, e = 1. 04 + ≥1. 0 e = 1.016
USE EQUATION
25
gMext2+ = 0.428
>> If W ≥ 20 ft, gMexterior is the maximum of gMext1, gMext2+, gMint1(ext),

gMint2+(ext), and gmin.
gMexterior = 0.428
If W < 20 ft, gMexterior is the maximum of gMext1, gMint1(ext), and gmin.
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Shear LL Distribution Per Lane (Table 4.6.2.2.3):

Check de: -0.6' ≤ 2' OK
Check b: 35'' ≤ 59.8'' ≤ 60'' OK
Check L: 20' ≤ 38.4' ≤ 120' OK
Check Nb: 5 ≤ 6 ≤ 20 OK
Check J: 25,000 ≤ 125,655 ≤ 610,000 OK
Check I: 40,000 ≤ 68,945 ≤ 610,000 OK
Use the Equations from Table 4.6.2.2.3b-1 because all criteria is OK.
One Lane Loaded
Equivalent Interior Beam (Table 4.6.2.2.3a-1):
Lever Rule
mg = 1.2 * 0.500 = 0.600
Equation 0. 15 0. 05
b I
gint =
( ) ()
130 L J
= 0.500
USE EQUATION
gVint1(ext) = 0.500
Exterior Beam (Table 4.6.2.2.3b-1):
Lever Rule
mg = 1.2 * 0.434 = 0.521
Equation
de
g = e * gint = 0.610 where, e = 1. 25+ ≥1 . 0 e = 1.220
20
USE EQUATION
gVext1 = 0.610
Modify for Skew:
gVint1(ext) = 0.500
gVext1 = 0.610
Equivalent Interior Beam (Table 4.6.2.2.3a-1):
Lever Rule
mg = 1.0 * 0.608 = 0.608
Equation 0.4 0. 1 0 . 05
b b
gint =
( )(
156 12. 0 L ) ( ) (48b )I
J
= 0.671 where,
(48b )≥1. 0
USE EQUATION
gVint2+(ext) = 0.671
Exterior Beam (Table 4.6.2.2.3b-1):
Lever Rule
mg = 1.0 * 0.434 = 0.434
0.5
b
( )
Equation
d e + −2
g = e∗g int
( 48b ) where,
48
b
≤1 . 0 &e=
1+
12
≥1. 0
e = 1.244
g = 0.671 40
USE EQUATION
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gVext2+ = 0.671
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Shear LL Distribution Per Lane (Table 4.6.2.2.3): (Continued)

Two or More Lanes Loaded (Continued)
Modify for Skew:
gVint2+(ext) = 0.671
gVext2+ = 0.671
>> If W ≥ 20 ft, gVexterior is the maximum of gVext1, gVext2+, gVint1(ext),

gVint2+(ext), and gmin.
gVexterior = 0.671
If W < 20 ft, gVexterior is the maximum of gVext1, gVint1(ext), and gmin.
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Beam Sectional Properties
All of these beams have 3/4" chamfers on the bottom two corners of the beam.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Beam B (in) C (in) D (in) E (in) F (in) G (in) H (in)
4B20 43.75 2 5 4 4 5 0
5B20 55.75 2 5 4 4 5 0
4B28 43.75 3 4 11 5 5 0
5B28 55.75 3 4 11 5 5 0
4B34 43.75 3 4 11 5 5 6
5B34 55.75 3 4 11 5 5 6
4B40 43.75 3 4 11 5 5 12
5B40 55.75 3 4 11 5 5 12
4B40+100 43.75 3 4 11 5 5 12
5B40+100 55.75 3 4 11 5 5 12
1
UserDefined 43.75 2 5 2 4 5 0
Torsion Constant2
AASHTO LRFD, p4-25, closed thin-walled shapes
Beam bft (in) tft (in) bfb (in) tfb (in) tw (in) x (in) d (in)
4B20 43.75 5.5 47.75 5 5 4 20
5B20 55.75 5.5 59.75 5 5 4 20
4B28 43.75 5.5 47.75 5 5 5 28
5B28 55.75 5.5 59.75 5 5 5 28
4B34 43.75 5.5 47.75 5 5 5 34
5B34 55.75 5.5 59.75 5 5 5 34
4B40 43.75 5.5 47.75 5 5 5 40
5B40 55.75 5.5 59.75 5 5 5 40
4B40+100 43.75 5.5 47.75 5 5 5 40
5B40+100 55.75 5.5 59.75 5 5 5 40
UserDefined 43.75 5.5 47.75 5 5 4 18
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
TYPICAL SECTION
Multiple Presence Factors

NL m
1 1.2
2 1
3 0.85
4 0.65
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 17
yt (in) yb (in) Weight Shear Key

I (in) J(in) A (in2) I (in4)
(plf) Area (in2)
20 47.75 10.19 9.81 591.81 28086 616 40.00

20 59.75 10.12 9.88 717.81 35234 748 40.00
28 47.75 14.38 13.62 678.81 68745 707 86.00
28 59.75 14.26 13.74 804.81 85370 838 86.00
34 47.75 17.92 16.08 798.81 115655 832 86.00
34 59.75 17.72 16.28 924.81 142161 963 86.00
40 47.75 21.31 18.69 918.81 176607 957 86.00
40 59.75 21.07 18.93 1044.81 215300 1088 86.00
40 47.75 21.63 18.37 943.81 180159 983 86.00
40 59.75 21.36 18.64 1069.81 219007 1114 86.00
18 47.75 9.17 8.83 571.81 21032 596 32.00
Values are for half of one sh
1
Enter Values in Green Shaded Cells.
2
Shear keys are neglected for the calculations of I comp and J.
18 19 20 22 23 24 25
Shear Key Shear Key Shear Key Void Area Void yb

yb (in) Void 1 Void 2 Void I (in4)
I (in4) H (in) (in2) (in)
12.39 535.20 15.00 29.75 9.50 282.63 9.75 2125.58
12.39 535.20 15.00 41.75 9.50 396.63 9.75 2982.95
16.26 2547.36 23.00 27.75 17.50 485.63 13.75 12393.55
16.26 2547.36 23.00 39.75 17.50 695.63 13.75 17752.93
22.26 2547.36 23.00 27.75 23.50 652.13 16.75 30011.34
22.26 2547.36 23.00 39.75 23.50 934.13 16.75 42989.21
28.26 2547.36 23.00 27.75 29.50 818.63 19.75 59367.37
28.26 2547.36 23.00 39.75 29.50 1172.63 19.75 85039.74
28.26 2547.36 23.00 27.75 29.50 793.63 20.16 54918.50
28.26 2547.36 23.00 39.75 29.50 1147.63 20.04 80632.46
11.49 329.00 13.00 29.75 7.50 223.13 8.75 1045.90
Values are for half of one shear key,
neglecting the joint.
There are 5" chamfers on the bottom two corners of the void in this beam.
There are 5" chamfers on the bottom two corners of the void in this beam.
Revision History:
8/18/2006 Spreadsheet Created
11/1/2007 Updated for AASHTO LRFD 4th Edition 2007 & Bridge Design Manual April 2007.
6/16/2008 Neglect Shear Keys in Ic and J calculations

g must be ≥ m·NL/Nb
When W < 20ft, g = g1 Lane Loaded
Show gint for exterior beams
gext must be ≥ gint
Macro added to reinitialize default values
Corrected Shear Key I
Added User Defined Beam
8/20/2008 Made consistant with AASHTO LRFD (when Shear is outside ROA, Lever Rule is used)
11/12/2008 Fixed bug in Ext Shear LLDF Calculations

Added Options to give the user choices on what to do outside the ROA.

LRFD Live Load Distribution Factors: Txdot

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TXDOT County: ANY Highway: Any Design: BRG Date: 5/30/19 2007 LRFD Specs

LRFD Live Load Distribution Factors 1

RESULTS: FINAL FINAL

where tw equals the distance between the outside of the webs

EXTERIOR BEAMS (Ext.)

where tw equals the distance between the outside of the webs

Depicting Ao Depicting s and t of Elements

Jint = 83,761 in4 Jext = 125,655 in4

de = OH - RW-1/2 * bfb + x + 1/2*tw = -0.6 ft

Minimum Distribution Factor

Correction for Skew

INTERIOR BEAMS (Int.)

EXTERIOR BEAMS (Ext.)

For 6 ≤ S < 10:

Load Distribution Factors

INTERIOR BEAMS (Int.)

Moment LL Distribution Per Lane (Table 4.6.2.2.2a-1):

Two or More Lanes Loaded

INTERIOR BEAMS (Int.)

Shear LL Distribution Per Lane (Table 4.6.2.2.3a-1):

Two or More Lanes Loaded Equation

>> If W ≥ 20 ft, gVinterior is the maximum of gVint1, gVint2+, and gmin.

Lever Rule - EXTERIOR BEAMS (Ext.)

For S < 4: > For X < 6:

> For 4 ≤ S < 6: For 6 ≤ X < 12:

Two Lanes = 16 1+ S−4

For 6 ≤ S < 10: For 12 ≤ X < 18:

Two Lanes = 16 1+ S−6 + S−4 16  X X  6 X  12 

Moment LL Distribution Per Lane (Table 4.6.2.2.2):

>> If W ≥ 20 ft, gMexterior is the maximum of gMext1, gMext2+, gMint1(ext),

Shear LL Distribution Per Lane (Table 4.6.2.2.3):

Shear LL Distribution Per Lane (Table 4.6.2.2.3): (Continued)

>> If W ≥ 20 ft, gVexterior is the maximum of gVext1, gVext2+, gVint1(ext),

Beam B (in) C (in) D (in) E (in) F (in) G (in) H (in)

Multiple Presence Factors

yt (in) yb (in) Weight Shear Key

20 47.75 10.19 9.81 591.81 28086 616 40.00

Shear Key Shear Key Shear Key Void Area Void yb

8/18/2006 Spreadsheet Created

6/16/2008 Neglect Shear Keys in Ic and J calculations

11/12/2008 Fixed bug in Ext Shear LLDF Calculations

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