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Guest Virtual Image Applications Applications

Virtual Hardware Virtual Storage Virtual Networking

Virtualization Layer
Software Emulation

Host Physical Hardware Physical Storage Physical Networking

The virtualization reference model.

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 Virtual
Resources

Sharing Aggregation Emulation Isolation Virtualization

Physical
Resources
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 Applications Applications

API calls
API

Libraries Libraries

ABI User
System calls
ISA
User
ISA
Operative System Operative System

ISA
ISA

Hardware Hardware
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 Guest
In-memory
representation

Virtual Image
Storage

VMM
Host emulation

Virtual Machine

Binary translation
Instruction mapping
Interpretation
……

Host

A hardware virtualization reference model.

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Virtual Machine Instance

ISA
Instructions (ISA)

Dispatcher Interpreter
Routines

Allocator

Virtual Machine Manager

A hypervisor reference architecture.

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A full virtualization reference model.

 User Applications
I/O

Guest Operating System

VMware Virtual Machine Instance
User Applications Workstation

Host Operating System

VMware Hypervisor (VMM)
VMware Driver
•Direct access to hardware
•I/O, memory, networking for guests
•Save/Restore CPU state for host OS

Hardware (x86)

VMware workstation architecture.

Microsoft Hyper-V architecture.
 What is OpenStack?

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Architecture of Openstack
Architecture of Openstack
Core key components.
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 Multiple Applications

Thread Task ... MapReduce

1. SDK

Aneka

2. Runtime

Multi-core Cluster Grid Cloud

2100
2100 2100
2100

2100
2100
2100
2100

Multiple Infrastructures
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