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L t
Lecture 2
Dr. M
Dr M. G
G. Abbas Malik
abbas.malik@ciitlahore.edu.pk
r‘s t – r-m
‘ complement
l
– 138 Subtrahend
-----
108
y In general, when the minuend digit is smaller than
the corresponding subtrahend digit, we borrow 1
from the higher significant position.
y This is easier when p
people
p p perform subtraction
with paper and pencil.
y This method is less efficient in digital systems.
E d carry → 1
End 69282
Answer of X – Y = 69282
N end
No d carry 30718
E d carry → 1
End 0110000
Answer of X – Y = 110000
N end
No d carry 1010000
Answer = – 2’s complement
p of 1010000 = – 110000
E d carry → 1
End 69281
+
Answer of X – Y = 69282
N end
No d carry 30717
E d carry → 1
End 0101111
+
Answer of X – Y = 110000
N end
No d carry 1001111
Answer = – 1’s complement
p of 1010000 = – 110000
1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1
8 3 6 9