NATURE OF RESEARCH

RESEARCH
Is a process of executing various mental acts for discovering and examining facts
and information to prove the accuracy or truthfulness of your claims or conclusion
about the topic of your research.

Research requires you to inquire and investigate about the chosen research topic by
asking questions that will make you engage yourself in top-level thinking strategies of
× Interpreting
× Analyzing
× Synthesizing
× Criticizing
× Appreciating and
× Creating
to enable you to discover truths about the many things you tend to wonder about the
topic of your research work. (Litchman 2003).

Research is analogous to inquiry both involve investigation of something through

questioning. The meaning of research in more complicated than inquiry because it does
not center mainly on raising question about the topic, but also carrying out particular
order stages.

Central of research is your way of discovering new knowledge, applying knowledge in

various ways as well as seeing relationship of ideas, events and situations.

CHARACTERISITCS OF RESEARCH

1. ACCURANCY – It must give correct or accurate data, which the footnotes, notes,
and bibliographical entries should honestly and appropriately documented or
acknowledged.
2. OBJECTIVENESS – It must deals with facts, not with mere opinions arising from
the assumption, generalization predictions and conclusions.
3. TIMELINESS – It must work on the topic that is fresh, new, and interesting to the
present society.
4. RELEVANCE – Its topic must be instrumental in improving society or in solving
problems affecting the lives of people in a community.
5. CLARITY – It must succeed in expressing its central point or discoveries by
using simple, direct, concise and correct language.
6. SYSTEMATIC – It must take place in an organized or orderly manner.
PURPOSE OF RESEARCH

1. To learn how to work independently.

2. To learn how to work scientifically or systematically.
3. To have in-depth knowledge of something.
4. To elevate your mental abilities by letting you think on higher-order thinking
strategies (HOTS) of inferring, evaluating, synthesizing, appreciating, applying
and creating.
5. To improve your reading and writing skills.
6. To be familiar with basic tools of research and various techniques of gathering
data and of presenting research findings.
7. To free yourself, to a certain extent, from the denomination or strong influence of
a single textbook or of the professor’s lone viewpoint or spoon feeding.

TYPES OF RESEARCH

1. Based on Application of Research Method

× Pure Research – deals with concepts, principles, or abstract things.

This research aims to increase your knowledge about something.
× Applied Research – Apply the chosen research to societal problems or issues,
finding ways to make positive changes of society.

2. Based on Purpose of the Research

× Descriptive Research – Aims to defining or giving a verbal portrayal of picture of

a person, thing, events, group, and situation.
- This is liable to repeated research because the topic relates itself only
to a certain period of limited number of years.
- Descriptive studies about a subject, you develop the inclination
conducting further studies on such topic.

× Correlational Research – It is a relationships or connectedness of two factors,

circumstances, or agents called variables that affect the research.
× Explanatory Research – It is to elaborate or explains not just the reasons
behind the relationship of two factors, but the ways by which such relationship
exists.
× Exploratory Research – This research’s purpose is to find out how many
reasonable or possible it is to conduct a research study on a certain topic.
 × Action Research – This type of research studies on going practice of a school,
organization, community, or institution for the purpose of obtaining results that
bring improvements in the system.

3. Based on types of Data Needed

TYPES OF RESEARCH

1. QUALITATIVE RESEARCH – Non-numerical data. This research uses words

rather than numbers to express the result, the inquiry or investigation about
people thoughts, beliefs, feelings views, lifestyle regarding the
objectsof the study.
- This is an opinionated answer from people are not measurable; verbal
language is the right way to express your finding.

2. QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH – Involves measurement of data, thus presents

research finding referring to the number or frequency of something in
numerical forms (using percentage, fractions, numbers).

KINDS OF DATA

1. Primary Data – obtained through with direct observation or contact with

people, object, artifacts, painting, etc.
New and original information resulting from your sensory
experience.
2. Secondary Data – Have already been written about or reported on and
are available for reading purpose.

APPROCHES TO RESEARCH