Created by T.

Madas

BINOMIAL
EXPANSIONS
EXAM QUESTIONS

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 1 (**)
5
Find, without any calculating aid, the first three terms in the expansion of ( 2 − 5x ) , in
ascending powers of x .

C2L , 32 − 400 x + 2000 x 2 − ...

Question 2 (**)
5
Expand ( 3 − 2 x ) in ascending powers of x , up and including the term in x3 .

C2A , 243 − 810 x + 1080 x 2 − 720 x3 + ...

Question 3 (**)
4
Find the binomial expansion of (1 − 5 x ) in ascending powers of x .

C2B , 1 − 20 x + 150 x 2 − 500 x3 + 625 x 4

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 4 (**)
6
Find, without any calculating aid, the first three terms in the expansion of ( 2 − 7 x ) , in
ascending powers of x .

64 − 1344 x + 11760 x 2 + ...

Question 5 (**)
6
Find the binomial expansion of (1 − 2 x ) in ascending powers of x .

1 − 12 x + 60 x 2 − 160 x3 + 240 x 4 − 192 x5 + 64 x6

Question 6 (**)

a) Find the first four terms, in ascending powers of x , in the binomial expansion
8
of (1 + 3 x ) .

8
b) Determine the coefficient of x6 in the binomial expansion of (1 + 3 x ) .

C2H , 1 + 24 x + 252 x 2 + 1512 x3 + ... , 20412

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 7 (**+)

Find, without using a calculator, the coefficient of x3 in the expansion of ( 2 + 3 x )6 .

4320

Question 8 (**+)

Find the coefficient of x5 in the binomial expansion of ( 2 + 3 x )9 .

MP1-M , 489888

Question 9 (**+)
7
Find, without using a calculator, the coefficient of x 4 in the expansion of ( 4 x − 12 ) .
−1120

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 10 (**+)

Find, without using a calculator, the coefficient of x5 in the expansion of ( 2 x − 3 )7 .

6048

Question 11 (**+)

a) Find the first four terms, in ascending powers of x , in the binomial expansion
10
of (1 − 2x ) .

b) Use the answer of part (a) with a suitable value of x to find an approximate
value for 0.9810 , giving the answer correct to three decimal places.

C2F , 1 − 20 x + 180 x 2 − 960 x3 + ... , ≈ 0.817

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 12 (**+)

a) Find, in ascending powers of x , the first four terms in the binomial expansion
9
of ( 2 + x ) .

b) By using the answer of part (a), or otherwise, find the first four terms in the
9
(
binomial expansion of 2 − 1 x .
4 )
C2N , ( 2 + x )9 = 512 + 2304 x + 4608 x 2 + 5376 x3 + ... ,
9
( 2− 1 x
4 ) = 512 − 576 x + 288 x 2 − 84 x3 + ...

Question 13 (**+)

a) Find the first five terms, in ascending powers of x , in the binomial expansion
12
of (1 + 2x ) .

b) Use the answer of part (a) with a suitable value of x to find an approximate
value for 1.0212 .

c) Determine the error in this approximation.

C2P , 1 + 24 x + 264 x 2 + 1760 x3 + 7920 x 4 + ... , 1.0212 ≈ 1.2682392 ,

error ≈ 0.00000259

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 14 (**+)
In the binomial expansion of

(1 + kx )6 ,

where k is constant, the coefficient of x3 is twice as large as the coefficient of x 2 .

Find the value of k .

C2D , k = 3
2

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 15 (***)

5
a) Find, in ascending powers of x , the binomial expansion of ( 2 + x ) .

b) By using the expression obtained in part (a), or otherwise, find the binomial
5
(
expansion of 2 − x 2 ).
c) Use the expression obtained in part (b) to estimate, correct to 3 decimal places,
the value of 1.995 .

MP1-I , ( 2 + x )5 = 32 + 80 x + 80 x 2 + 40 x3 + 10 x 4 + x5 ,
5
( 2 − x2 ) = 32 − 80 x 2 + 80 x 4 − 40 x 6 + 10 x8 − x10 , 1.995 ≈ 31.208

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 16 (***)

a) Find the first four terms, in ascending powers of x , of the binomial expansion
7
of (1 + 2x ) .

b) Hence determine the coefficient of x in the expansion of

(1 + 2 x )7 ( 3 + 2 x )4 .

MP1-N , 1 + 14 x + 84 x 2 + 280 x3 + ... , 1350

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 17 (***)
3
a) Find the binomial expansion of ( 2 x + 4 ) , in descending powers of x .

b) Hence determine the expansion of

( 2 x − 1)( 2 x + 4 )3 .

MP1-K , 8 x3 + 48 x 2 + 96 x + 64 , 16 x 4 + 88 x3 + 144 x 2 + 32 x − 64

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 18 (***)

8
f ( x ) = (1 − 2 x )

a) Find the first four terms in the expansion of f ( x ) , in ascending powers of x .

b) Hence determine, in ascending powers of x , the first four terms in the

expansion of

( 2 + 3 x )(1 − 2 x )8 .

MP1-H , 1 − 16 x + 112 x 2 − 448 x3 + ... , 2 − 29 x + 176 x 2 − 560 x3 + ...

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 19 (***)

a) Find, in ascending powers of x , the first four terms in the binomial expansion
9
of ( 2 + x ) .

b) Hence find the coefficient of x3 in the expansion of

2
(
1− 1 x
8 ) (2 + x)9
.

C2C , ( 2 + x )9 = 512 + 2304 x + 4608 x 2 + 5376 x3 + ... ,  x3  = 4260

 

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 20 (***)

4
f ( x) = (2 + x)

a) Find the expansion of f ( x ) , in ascending powers of x .

4
b) Deduce the expansion of ( 2 − 3x ) , also in ascending powers of x .

c) Determine the coefficient of x in the expansion of

( 2 + x )4 ( 2 − 3 x )4 .

f ( x ) = 16 + 32 x + 24 x 2 + 8 x3 + x 4 , 16 − 96 x + 216 x 2 − 216 x3 + 81x 4 , −1024

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 21 (***)

a) Find the first five terms, in ascending powers of x , in the binomial expansion
11
of (1 − 2x ) .

b) Use the answer of part (a) with a suitable value of x to show that

11
 14  1582
  ≈ .
 15  3375

c) Determine the percentage error in the approximation of part (b).

MP1-G , 1 − 22 x + 220 x 2 − 1320 x3 + 5280 x 4 + ... , % error ≈ 0.122%

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 22 (***+)
It is given that if k is a non zero constant, then

( 2 + kx )6 ≡ a + bx + bx 2 + cx3 + ...

Determine the value of each of the constants a , b and c .

C2E , a = 64 , b = 153.6 , c = 81.92

Question 23 (***+)
In the binomial expansion of

( 2 x + k )4 ,

where k is a non zero constant,

the coefficient of x 2 is 12 times as large as the coefficient of x3 .

Find the value of k .

C2V , k = 16

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 24 (***+)
Find the binomial expansion of

4
 2
x+  , x ≠ 0,
 x

simplifying each term of the expansion.

32 16
MP1-L , x 4 + 8 x 2 + 24 + +
x2 x4

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 25 (***+)

a) Determine, in ascending powers of x , the first three terms in the binomial

10
expansion of ( 2 − 3x ) .

10
b) Use the first three terms in the binomial expansion of ( 2 − 3x ) , with a suitable
value for x , to find an approximation for 1.9710 .

c) Use the answer of part (b) to estimate, correct to 2 significant figures, the
value of 3.9410 .

MP1-F , ( 2 − 3x )10 = 1024 − 15360 x + 103680 x 2 + ... , 1.9710 ≈ 880.768 ≈ 881 ,

3.9410 ≈ 900000

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 26 (***+)
Find the term which is independent of x , in the binomial expansion of

8
 3 1 
 4x −  , x ≠ 0 .
 2x 

Question 27 (***+)

5
(1 + 2 ) ≡ a+b 2 .

Determine the value of each of the constants a and b .

a = 41, b = 29

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 28 (***+)
Find the binomial expansion of

5
 1
x−  , x ≠ 0,
 x

simplifying each term of the expansion.

10 5 1
x5 − 5 x3 + 10 x − + −
x x 3 x5

Question 29 (***+)
In the binomial expansion of

6
 x
k −  ,
 2

where k is a positive constant, one of the terms is 960 x 2 .

a) Find the value of k .

b) Determine the coefficient of x3 .

k = 4 , −160

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 30 (***+)
Given that k is a non zero constant and n is a positive integer, then

(1 + kx )n ≡ 1 + 40 x + 120k 2 x 2 + ...

Find the value of k and the value of n .

C2I , k = 5 , n = 16
2

Question 31 (***+)
Given that k and A are constants with k > 0 , then

( 2 − kx )8 ≡ 256 + Ax + 1008 x 2 + ...

Find the value of k and the value of A .

SYN-I , k = 3 , A = −768
4

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 32 (***+)

2 7
f ( x ) = ( 2 − 3x ) (1 + 4 x ) .

Find the coefficient of x 2 in the polynomial expansion of f ( x ) .

SYN-G , 1017

Question 33 (***+)

( 2 + x )5 = x5 + 10 x4 + ax3 + bx 2 + cx + 32 .

a) Find the value of each of the constants a , b and c .

5
b) Hence, or otherwise, simplify 2 − 2 ( ) , giving the final answer in the form
p + q 2 , where p and q are constants.

a = 40, b = 80, c = 80 , 232 − 164 2

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 34 (***+)

8
( )
f ( x) = 2 + 1 x .
4

a) Find the first four terms in ascending powers of x in the expansion of f ( x ) .

b) Use the expansion found in part (a) to find an approximation, to 3 significant

8
( )
figures, for 81 .
40

8
MP1-X , f ( x ) = 256 + 256 x + 112 x 2 + 28 x3 + ... , ( 40
81
) ≈ 283

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 35 (***+)
a) Find the binomial expansion of

( 5 + 10 x )4 .

b) Hence, by using the answer of part (a) with a suitable value of x find the exact
value of 10054 .
You may not give the answer in standard index form.

625 + 5000 x + 15000 x 2 + 20000 x3 + 10000 x 4 , 1,020,150,500, 625

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 36 (***+)

6 7
f ( x ) = (1 − 2 x ) , g ( x) = (2 + x) , h ( x) = f ( x) g ( x) .

a) Find the first four terms in ascending powers of x in the binomial expansion of
f ( x ) and in the binomial expansion of g ( x ) .

b) Hence determine the coefficient of x 2 in the binomial expansion of h ( x ) .

MP1-E , f ( x ) = 1 − 12 x + 60 x 2 − 160 x3 + ... ,

g ( x ) = 128 + 448 x + 672 x 2 + 560 x3 + ... , 2976

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 37 (***+)
Find the binomial expansion of

6
 2
x+  , x ≠ 0,
 x

simplifying each term of the expansion.

240 192 64
MP1-R , x6 + 12 x 4 + 60 x 2 + 160 + + 4 + 6
x2 x x

Question 38 (***+)

2 6
f ( x ) = ( 3 − 2 x ) (1 + 2 x ) .

Find the binomial expansion of f ( x ) in ascending powers of x , up and including the

term in x3 .

MP1-J , 9 + 96 x + 400 x 2 + 768 x3 + ...

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 39 (***+)
It is given that

(1 − 2 x )( 2 + kx )5 ≡ A + Bx + 240 x 2 + ... ,

where k , A and B are constants.

Determine the possible values of k

C2G , k = −1, 3

Question 40 (***+)
10
a) Find the binomial expansion of 1 + 1 x
4 ( ) in ascending powers of x up and

including the term in x3 , simplifying fully each coefficient.

b) Use the expansion of part (a) to show that

10
( 4041 ) ≈ 1.28 .

C2J , 1 + 5 x + 45 x 2 + 15 x3 + ...
2 16 8

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 41 (***+)

6
f ( x ) = (1 + 3x ) .

a) Find, in ascending powers of x , the binomial expansion of f ( x ) up and

including the term in x 4 .

b) Use the expansion found in part (a) to show that

(1.003)6 ≈ 1.01813554122 .

f ( x ) = 1 + 18 x + 135 x 2 + 540 x3 + 1215 x 4 + ...

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 42 (***+)

4
a) Find the binomial expansion of ( 3 + 2 x ) .

4
b) State the binomial expansion of ( 3 − 2 x ) .

c) Use the answers of part (a) and (b) to find

4 4
(3 + 8 ) + (3 − 8 ) .

No credit will be given for any other type of evaluation.

( 3 + 2 x )4 = 16 x 4 + 96 x3 + 216 x 2 + 216 x + 81 ,
4 4
( 3 − 2 x )4 = 16 x 4 − 96 x3 + 216 x 2 − 216 x + 81 , (3 + 8 ) + (3 − 8 ) = 1154

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 43 (***+)

a) Find the first four terms, in ascending powers of x , of the binomial expansion
7
 x
of 1 +  , giving each coefficient in exact simplified form.
 2

b) Hence determine the coefficient of x in the expansion of

2 7
 2  x
1 +  1 +  .
 x  2

C2R , 1 + 7 x + 21 x 2 + 35 x3 + ... , [ x ] = 42
2 4 8

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 44 (***+)

7
f ( x ) = (1 + 2 x )

a) Determine the first four terms, in ascending powers of x , in the binomial

expansion of f ( x ) ,

b) Hence, or otherwise, find the first four terms in the expansion of

(3 + 4 x − 4 x2 ) (1 + 2 x )6 ,
giving the answer in ascending powers of x .

MP1-C , 1 + 14 x + 84 x 2 + 280 x3 + ... , 3 + 40 x + 224 x 2 + 672 x3 + ...

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 45 (***+)
10
a) Find the binomial expansion of ( 2 − 5 x ) in ascending powers of x up and
including the term in x3 , simplifying fully each coefficient.

b) Use the expansion of part (a) to show that

(1.99 )10 ≈ 974 .

1024 − 25600 x + 288000 x 2 − 1920000 x3 + ...

Question 46 (****)

(1 + ax )n = 1 − 30 x + 405 x 2 + bx3 + ... ,

where a and b are constants, and n is a positive integer.

Determine the value of n , a and b .

C2M , n = 10 , a = −3 , b = −3240

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 Created by T. Madas

Question 47 (****)

n
f ( x ) ≡ (1 + x ) , x ∈
, n ∈  .

Determine showing a clear complete method the coefficient …

a) … of the highest power of x in the binomial expansion of f ( x ) , when n = 13 .

b) … of the second highest power of x in the binomial expansion of f ( x ) , when

iii n = 14 .

C2K , 1716 , 3003

Question 48 (****)
Find the coefficient of x5 in the binomial expansion of

(1 − x )5 (1 + x )6 .

SYN-Q ,  x5  = 10
 

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 49 (****)

7
 1
f ( x) =  4x +  ,
 kx 

where k is a positive constant.

Given the coefficient of x3 in the binomial expansion of f ( x ) is 21 , determine the

value of k .

C2Y , k = 32

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 50 (****)

5
f ( x ) = (1 + 2 x ) , x ∈
.

a) Find the binomial expansion of f ( x ) .

b) Hence state the binomial expansion of f ( − x ) .

c) Find the two non zero solutions of the equation

f ( x ) − f ( − x ) = 64 x .

C2Z , f ( x ) = 1 + 10 x + 40 x 2 + 80 x3 + 80 x 4 + 32 x5 ,

f ( − x ) = 1 − 10 x + 40 x 2 − 80 x3 + 80 x 4 − 32 x5 x = ± 1
2

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 51 (****)
k
In the binomial expansion of (1 + ax ) , where a and k are non zero constants, the
coefficient of x is 8 and the coefficient of x 2 is 30.

a) Determine the value of a and the value of k .

b) Find the coefficient of x3 .

SYN-R , a = 1 , k = 16 , 70
2

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 52 (****)

n
f ( x) ≡ (k + x) , x ∈
,

where k and n are constants such that k ∈
, k ≠ 0 , n ∈  , n > 3 .

a) Given the coefficients of x 2 and x3 in the binomial expansion of f ( x ) are

equal, show clearly that

n = 3k + 2 .

b) Given further that k = 2 , determine the coefficient of x 4 in the binomial

expansion of f ( x ) .

C2O ,  x 4  = 1120
 

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 53 (****)
4
a) Find the binomial expansion of ( 3 + x ) , simplifying fully each coefficient.

b) Hence solve the equation

( 3 + x )4 + ( 3 − x )4 = 386 .

81 + 108 x + 54 x 2 + 12 x3 + x 4 , x = ± 2

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 54 (****)
5
a) Find the binomial expansion of ( 2 x − 4 ) , simplifying fully each coefficient.

b) Hence find the coefficient of …

5
2  y + 16 
i. … y in the binomial expansion of   .
 4 

5 5
ii. … z 8 in the binomial expansion of ( 2z − 2 )( )
2z + 2 .

C2U , 32 x5 − 320 x 4 + 1280 x3 − 2560 x 2 + 2560 x − 1024 ,  y 2  = 40 ,  z 8  = −320

   

Question 55 (****)
Find the coefficient of x11 in the binomial expansion of

13
 9 2 x2 
 −  .
 2 x 3 

C2V ,  x11  = 92664

 

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 56 (****)
If k > 0 and n is a positive integer, then

(1 + kx )n ≡ 1 + 72 x + Bx 2 + Bx3 + ... ,

where B is a non zero constant.

By considering the coefficients of x 2 and x3 , show that

nk = 2k + 3 ,

and hence find the value of n and the value of k .

MP1-V , n = 14 , k = 1
4

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 57 (****)
It is given that

(1 − 2 x )2 ( 2 + kx )4 ≡ A + Bx − 104 x 2 + ... ,

where k , A and B are non zero constants.

Determine the possible values of B .

MP1-D , B = 32 ∪ 32
3

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 58 (****)

( 2 + ax )(1 + bx )7 = 2 − 41x + 357 x 2 + ... ,

where a and b are integers.

Show that b = −3 and find the value of a .

C2Q , a = 1

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 59 (****+)
a) Find the first four terms, in ascending powers of x , of the binomial expansion
8
of ( 6 x − 3) , simplifying fully each coefficient.

b) Hence find the coefficient of …

8
 y+9
i. … y 3 in the binomial expansion of   .
 3 

8 8
ii. … z 6 in the binomial expansion of ( )(
2z −1 )
2z +1 .

MP1-U , 6561 − 104976 x + 734832 x 2 − 2939328 x3 + ... ,  y 3  = 504 ,

 
 z 6  = −448
 

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 60 (****+)

( 2 + ax )2 (1 + bx )6 = 4 + 44 x + 85 x 2 + ... ,

where a and b are integers.

Find the possible values of a and the possible values of b .

MP1-Z , [ a, b ] = [ −7,3] ∪  25 , − 1 
2 4

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 61 (****+)

a) Given that c is a non zero constant, determine the first four terms, in ascending
6
powers of x , in the binomial expansion of (1 + cx ) .

It is further given that

 b 6 4
 a +  (1 + cx ) ≡ − + 74 − 576 x + ... ,
 x x

where a and b are non zero constants.

b) Show that one of the two possible values of c is −3 , and find the other.

MP1-Y , 1 + 6cx + 15c 2 x 2 + 20c3 x3 + ... , c = − 16

7

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 62 (****+)
Find the coefficient of x 2 in the binomial expansion of

7
( 2 x2 + 3x + 1) .

SP-B ,  x 2  = 203
 

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 63 (****+)

5
a) Find the binomial expansion of ( 2 + x ) .

b) Hence solve the equation

( 2 + x )5 + ( 2 − x )5 = 105.25 .

( 2 + x )5 = 32 + 80 x + 80 x 2 + 40 x3 + 10 x 4 + x5 , x=±1
2

Question 64 (****+)

6
(1 + x − x2 ) = 1 + Ax + Bx 2 + Cx3 + ...

Determine the value of each of the constants A , B and C .

C2X , A = 6 , B = −21 , C = −10

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 65 (****+)
It is given that if k is a constant then

4
(1 + k 3 ) ≡ 892 − 336 3 .

Determine the value of k .

k = −3

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 66 (****+)
If A , k and n are constants, with n ∈  , then

(1 + kx )n = 1 + Ax + 264 x 2 + 1760 x3 + ...

a) Show that

( n − 2 ) k = 20 .

b) Determine the value of A .

MP1-P , A = 24

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 67 (*****)
The binomial coefficients are given by

n n!
 = , k ∈  , n ∈  ∪ {0} .
 k  k !( n − k )!

Show directly from the above definition that

 n   n − 1   n − 1
 = + .
 k   k − 1  k 

C2S , proof

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 68 (*****)
It is given that

f ( x) =

r =0
 n  r
(
  x 1 + x + x
 r 
2
)
n−r 
,


where n is a positive integer constant.

a) Evaluate f ( −1) .

b) Find the value of n that satisfies the equation

f ( 3 ) f ( 2 ) = 17281728 .

C2T , f ( −1) = 0 , n = 2592

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 69 (*****)
23
The coefficients of x n , x n+1 and x n+ 2 in the binomial expansion of (1 + x ) are in
arithmetic progression.

Determine the possible values of n .

SP-S , n = 8, 13

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 70 (*****)
It is given that

n n n  n  n n

  +   +   + ... +  +  = k ,
0 1 2  n − 1  n 

where n and k are positive integer constants.

n
a) By considering the binomial expansion of (1 + x ) , determine the value of k .

b) By considering the coefficient of x n in

(1 + x )n (1 + x )n ≡ (1 + x )2n ,

simplify fully

2 2 2 2 2
n n n  n  n
  +   +   + ... +   +  .
0 1 2  n − 1  n 

SP-X , k = 2

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 71 (*****)
It is given that

( a + bx )n = 8192 + 6656 x + 2496 x 2 + ... ,

where a , b and n are non zero constants.

Use algebra to determine the values of a , b and n .

No credit will be given to solutions by inspection and/or verification

MP1-T , [ a, b, n ] =  2, 1 ,13
 8 

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 72 (*****)
It is given that

( a + bx )n = 512 + 576 x + 288 x 2 + ... ,

where a , b and n are non zero constants.

Use algebra to determine the values of a , b and n .

No credit will be given to solutions by inspection and/or verification

SPX-F , [ a, b, n ] =  2, 1 ,9 
 4 

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 73 (*****)
Find the term independent of x in the expansion of

10
 x +1 x −1 
 2 −  .
 3 1 1 
 x − x3 +1 x − x2 

SP-U , 210

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 74 (*****)
The binomial coefficients are given by

n n!
 = , k ∈  , n ∈  ∪ {0} .
 k  k !( n − k )!

Show directly from the above definition that if n ≥ r ≥ m , then

 n  n − m   n  r 
   =    .
 m  r − m   r  m 

MP1-S , proof

Created by T. Madas