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Compound Angles
Compound Angle Formulae
Compound Angle Formulae
(A) Sum and Difference Formulae
1
area of LKM qr sin( A B)
2
1
area of MKN pq sin B
2
1
area of LKN pr sin A
2
area of LKM area of MKN area of LKN
1 1 1
qr sin( A B) pq sin B pr sin A
2 2 2
p p
sin( A B) sin A sin B
q r
sin( A B) sin A cos B cos A sin B
If we replace B by (-B) in formula of sin(A – B), we have
sin( A B) sin( A) cos B cos( A) sin B
2 2 2
tan A tan B
tan( A B)
1 tan A tan B
By substituting (-B) for B in the formula tan(A + B)
tan A tan( B)
tan[ A ( B)]
1 tan A tan( B)
tan A tan B
tan( A B)
1 tan A tan B
sin( A B) sin A cos B cos A sin B
sin( A B) sin A cos B cos A sin B
cos( A B) cos A cos B sin A sin B
cos( A B) cos A cos B sin A sin B
tan A tan B
tan( A B)
1 tan A tan B
tan A tan B
tan( A B)
1 tan A tan B
Exercise 7.1
P.235
sin( A B) sin A cos B cos A sin B
sin( A B) sin A cos B cos A sin B
cos( A B) cos A cos B sin A sin B
cos( A B) cos A cos B sin A sin B
tan A tan B
tan( A B)
1 tan A tan B
tan A tan B
tan( A B)
1 tan A tan B
sin(2 A) 2 sin A cos A
cos(2 A) cos A sin A
2 2
cos(2 A) 2 cos A 1
2
cos(2 A) 1 2 sin A2
tan A tan B
tan( A B)
1 tan A tan B
Exercise 7.2
P.244
The Subsidiary Angles
The Subsidiary Angles
The expression acos + bsin
may always be converted into the
forms rsin( ±α) or rcos( ±β) where
r is a positive constant.
α and β are called the subsidiary
angles.
r a b 2 2
Exercise 7.3
P.251
Sums and Products of
Trigonometric Functions
sin( A B) sin A cos B cos A sin B
sin( A B) sin A cos B cos A sin B
x y x y
A B
2 2
x y x y
A B
2 2
cos( A B) cos( A B) 2 cos A cos B
x y x y
cos x cos y 2 cos( ) cos( )
2 2
cos( A B) cos( A B) 2 sin A sin B
x y x y
cos x cos y 2 sin( ) sin( )
2 2
1
sin A cos B [sin( A B) sin( A B)]
2
1
cos A sin B [sin( A B) sin( A B)]
2
1
cos A cos B [cos( A B) cos( A B)]
2
1
sin A sin B [cos( A B) cos( A B)]
2
x y x y
sin x sin y 2 sin( ) cos( )
2 2
x y x y
sin x sin y 2 cos( ) sin( )
2 2
x y x y
cos x cos y 2 cos( ) cos( )
2 2
x y x y
cos x cos y 2 sin( ) sin( )
2 2
Exercise 7.4
P.257
Elimination of Angles
If we have two or more equations,
each containing a certain variable,
the process of finding an equation
from which that variable is
excluded is called elimination.
Identities to be used in this section.
sin cos 1
2 2
sec tan 1
2 2
cos ec cot 1
2 2
General Solutions of
Trigonometric Equations
Inverse Trigonometric Functions
If _ sin k
then _ sin k _ where _
1
2 2
Inverse Trigonometric Functions
If _ cos k
then _ cos k _ where _ 0
1
Inverse Trigonometric Functions
If _ tan k
then _ tan k _ where _
1
2 2
General Solutions
If _ cos k ,
then _ 2n
where n is any integer and is any
root of cos = k.
If _ sin k ,
then _ n (1)
n