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I, was killed in action on the Sambre Canal just seven days before the
Armistice on November 4, 1918, this, as in many of his poems, is
ironic. His poems depict the horrors of trench and gas warfare during
World War I. Owen was an anti war poet, his experiences in the war
fixated his view on the horrors, atrocities and the pointlessness of
war. Owens uses a series of poetic techniques in order to convey to
the reader the essence of war and how it should not be portrayed as a
noble, heroic feat as was thought in the early 20th century.
Dulce et Decorum Est (Latin for: it is sweet and proper, and at the end
of the poem, pro patria mori: to die for ones country) describes the
effects of a gas attack. The fact that it is sweet to die for ones country
can be linked to the bittersweet taste of the nerve gas used during
WWI, like in many of Owens poems this title is ironic, it expresses the
agony suffered by the gas victims who have died in vain. Through
vivid imagery and metaphors, the poem gives the reader the exact
feeling the author wanted, to be horrified by war. The use of
onomatopoeia aurally captivates the reader. Words like “guttering”,
“choking”, and “drowning” not only show how the man is suffering,
but that he is in terrible pain that no human being should endure.
Other words like “writhing” and “froth-corrupted” say precisely how
the individual is being tormented. Nerve gas, when inhaled, causes
the lungs to fill with water thus giving the victim the feeling of being
drowned, it also attacks the victims nervous system which causes
untold pain. Owen captures the victim’s pain and desperation through
his use of onomatopoeia and descriptive language. Owen uses strong,
impacting language to describe the situation:
The Send-off concentrates on the effect that sending men to the war
had on the public. The poem describes the sending-off of troops to
the front. The troops have just come from a sending-off ceremony with
cheering crowds, bells, drums, flowers given by strangers and now they are
being packed into trains for an unknown destination. Owen truly affected the
public with this poem as many people could not bear to watch a train moving
away because this reminded them of a last meeting. The poem is eerie and
somewhat scary as it describes the way in which soldiers would be packed into
trains and sent to their deaths. The train awaits for the soldiers, usually one has
to wait for the train, this indicates that there is something sinister about this
train. Owen describes the atmosphere, the “dull porters” watch the men go into
the train as if it were a routine, everything happens smoothly and well
organized, they are being efficiently taken to the horrors of war where many of
them will never return from. Owens use of pronouns diminishes the soldier’s
individuality as they are all being driven into the train like cattle, as in Anthem
for Doomed Youth. The poem has a rocking motion like that of a train, the dull
systematic motion contrasts with what the soldiers will encounter at the front.
Owen depicts the scene as an organized routine like that of a slaughter house,
the tone of the poem is not exiting. The fact that the individuals that constitute
the herd of soldiers are willingly to accept the inevitable reality of war arises
feelings of pity and sorrow.
These three poems by Wilfred Owen express his feeling towards war and the
effects that war has on individuals and society. In Dulce et Decorum Est Owen
touches on the individual suffering of soldiers affected by nerve gas and those
surrounding them. Anthem for Doomed Youth describes the injustice of war on
its victims, the lack of spirituality in battle and the contrast between home and
the front. The Send-off describes the sending-off of troops to the frontline, their
departure is secret, 'like wrongs hushed-up', because the true nature of what is
happening to them is being concealed in the parades that seek to clear peoples
minds.