TENSES

TENSES
Present Indefinite Tense
Present Continuous Tense
Present Tense Present Perfect Tense
Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Past Indefinite Tense
Past Continuous Tense
Past Tense Past Perfect Tense
Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Future Indefinite Tense
Future Continuous Tense
Future Tense Future Perfect Tense
Future Perfect Continuous Tense
 PRESENT INDEFINITE TENSE
Subject + MV s/es/1 + Object
Mukesh goes to school.

Subject + do/does + not + MV1 + Object

Mukesh does not go to school.

Do/Does + Subject + not + MV1 + Object?

Does Mukesh not go to school?

Wh-word + Do/Does + Subject + MV1 + Object?

When does Mukesh go to school?
 PRESENT INDEFINITE TENSE
Rule-1:- Always, often, sometimes, generally, usually, occasionally,
rarely, seldom, never, hardly, scarcely, habitually, daily, everyday,
every night, once a year, once a day, once a month, twice a day,
twice a week, twice a month = Present Indefinite Tense

He generally comes here on time.

He rarely speaks the truth.
 PRESENT INDEFINITE TENSE
Rule-2:- Universal truth, principle, permanent activities.
The sun rises in the east.
Two and two makes four.

Rule-3:- Possession
This pen belongs to me.
I have a car.
 PRESENT INDEFINITE TENSE
Rule-4:- Mental activity expressing words- notice, recognize,
see, hear, smell, appear, look, seem, want, wish, desire, feel, like,
love, hate, hope, refuse, prefer, think, suppose, believe, agree,
consider, trust, remember, forget, know, understand, imagine,
mean, mind, etc. = Present Indefinite Tense

We believe in God.
She trust in him.
 PRESENT INDEFINITE TENSE
Rule-5:- To express fixed programme or plan in the future.
The college reopens in October.
She leaves for Dehradun next month

Note:- Tomorrow, next day, next night, next month, next year, next
week, in January, in February, on Sunday, on Monday, etc.
 PRESENT INDEFINITE TENSE
Rule-6:- Future Conditional sentence : Subordinate clause

If you run fast, you will win the race.

I shall teach her if she comes.
 PRESENT INDEFINITE TENSE
Rule-7:- Exclamatory sentence started with ‘Here’ or ‘There’

Here comes the bus!

There goes the bus!
 PRESENT INDEFINITE TENSE
Rule-8:- Telecast on radio or television (of match, programme,
serial, film, drama, etc.)

In the film, my brother plays a role of Lakshman.

Ganguli runs after the ball, catches it and throws it on the stumps.
 PRESENT INDEFINITE TENSE
Rule-9:- Author statements
Shakespeare says, “The course of true love never runs smooth.”

Rule-10:- To make alive and fresh the event of the past.

At last Ram kills Ravan.
Babar crosses the plains, Ibrahim opposes him with a large army.
PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE
 PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE
Subject + is/am/are + MVing + Object
Mukesh is going to school.

Subject + is/am/are + not + MVing + Object

Mukesh is not going to school.

Is/Am/Are + Subject + MVing + Object?

Is Mukesh going to school?

Wh-word + is/am/are + Subject + MVing + Object?

Why is Mukesh going to school?
 PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE
Rule-1:- Actions continued at the time of speaking.

The girls are playing Kho-Kho.

Mr. Jha is teaching mathematics at present.

Note- now, at present, at the moment, this morning, this evening.

 PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE
Rule-2:- Near Future Action

I am going to buy a car.

He is going to get married this year.
 PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE
Rule-3:- Don’t use the following verbs in Present Continuous Tense.
See, hear, smell, notice, recognise, taste, appear, seem, look, love,
hate, abhor, despise, detest, like, dislike, hope, doubt, admit, accept,
refuse, deny, prefer, regard, satisfy, want, wish, desire, intend,
please, displease, mean, suppose, think, imagine, presuppose, recall,
recollect, remember, forget, believe, forget, trust, own, posses, have,
belong to, keep, consist of, contain, comprise, include, involve,
equal, cost, deserve, depend, fit, owe, lack, require, resemble, need,
dare, sound, etc.
She knows him very well.
I feel that you are right.
 PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE
Special cases;

I think he is right.
She is thinking to go to her village.

The flower smells sweet.

He is smelling the flower.
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
 PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
Subject + has/have + MV 3rd + Object
Mukesh has gone to school.

Subject + has/have + not + MV 3rd + Object

Mukesh has not gone to school.

Has/Have + Subject + MV 3rd + Object?

Has Mukesh gone to school?

Wh-word + has/have + Subject + MV 3rd + Object?

When has Mukesh gone to school?
 PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
Rule-1:- An action that completed right now.
He has written a letter.
They have gone to Allahabad.

Rule-2:- A past action impact of which is still at present.

He has cut his finger.
My son has eaten all the mangoes.
 PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
Rule-3:- Some adverb or adverbial phrases are used in P.P.T.
Ever, never, always, occasionally, often, several times, already, yet,
just, lately, recently, so far, up to now, up to the present, since, for,
during the last few weeks, etc.

He has come recently.

Mukesh has not completed his work up to now.
She has not gone yet.
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE
 PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE
Subject + has/have + been + MV ing + Object +since/for + time
Mukesh has been reading a novel for four hours.

Subject + has/have + not + been + MV ing + Object +since/for + time

Mukesh has not been reading a novel for four hours.

Has/Have + Subject + not + been + MV ing + Object +since/for + time?

Has Mukesh not been reading a novel for four hours?

Wh-word + has/have + Subject + been + MV ing + Object +since/for + time?

Why has Mukesh been reading a novel for four hours?
 PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE
Completed Task-
She has been crying.

I have been watering the garden.

 Thank You
Like – Comment – Share

SUBSCRIBE