Chapter 2: HISTORY OF TELEPHONE  1889

Almon B. invented the automatic line

I. Introduction:
selector which led to automatic
 1830
telephone system. By means of step-by-
o Telegraph was developed
step switching. The device
 1854-1860
automatically connects two subscribers
o Antonio Meucci, an Italian, designed
in an area.
and built the first transmitter and
 1892
receiver of a telephone set.
-The first automatic exchange was installed in
o Philipp Reis, a German, developed the
La Porte, Indiana.
first instrument that transmitted music
 1896
over a wire.
-The dial pulse replaced the older type.
 1874
 1915
o Alexander Graham Bell, a Canadian
-First transcontinental line connected New York
Educator, concluded that speech could
City to San Francisco.
be transmitted electrically if an electric
 1927
current could be made to vary in
-First shortwave radio linking New York to
intensity as the air varies in density
London, England.
when sound is produced.
 1936
 June 2, 1875
-First coaxial cable linked New York with
o Bell heard the twang of a metal spring
Philadelphia.
from his instrument receiver. Watson,
 1947
an assistant, had struck a jammed
-First microwave radio relay system was
spring in an effort to free it. Bell
employed.
realized that the vibrating spring had
 1956
acted as a transmitter.
-First transatlantic telephone cable between
 Feb. 14, 1876
Newfoundland, Canada, and Scotland was
o Bell applied for a patent for an electrical
completed.
speaking telephone.
 1963
 March 7, 1876
-Transpacific cable connected British Columbia,
o The patent was granted.
Canada, to Australia and New Zealand.
o Three days later, the first conversation
 Mid-1960s
was carried over a telephone.
-First satellite used to relay intercontinental
 1877
telephone signals.
o Bell Telephone Company was formed.
o The 1st telephone switchboard was
II. The Telephone of Today
installed in Boston, it served 6
 The end user or subscriber is the main concern
subscribers.
in any communication link.
 1878
 The subscriber can be either a private or a
New Haven, Connecticut was the first
business party.
city to have a commercial telephone
exchange, it served 21 subscribers.
III. The Telephone Set
 1880
 An instrument used to transmit and receive
54,000 Americans had telephones
information or calls sequentially or
 1884
simultaneously.
1. The first commercial telephone service
 Components:
was established between New York City
1. Transmitter
and Boston.
2. Receiver
3. Bell
 4. Dialer
5. Switchbook
 Operation of the Telephone Set
o All telephone sets are connected to a
central switching office through four wires.
o Conventions:
1. Tip(green) ; used to transmit
2. Ring(red) ; used to receive’
3. Slave(yellow) ;spare
4. Ground(black/white)
 Powering the Telephone Set

IV.