Tyre speed ratings and markings

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Understanding tyre energy labels

The tyre energy label has been mandatory on all new tyres sold since November 2012.
Like the energy labels for household goods and cars, its aim is to tell consumers which
products are the most economical to buy.

As well as being a handy comparison tool, the label gives manufacturers an incentive to
produce better tyres. This has worked for domestic appliances, where the level of
improvement has led the authorities to re-evaluate the rating scales.

The label is applied to all new tyres, whether they’re fitted to a new car or when bought as
aftermarket replacements.

Tyre suppliers are obliged to provide the information in any technical promotional material,
including leaflets, brochures and on the internet. Retailers must ensure it is visible to
buyers at the point of sale.

The tyre energy label shows the following three aspects of a tyre’s performance:

Fuel efficiency
This is a measure of the tyre’s rolling resistance, or the amount of energy that is lost when a
tyre is rolling – normally due to the constant deformation of a tyre as you drive. A tyre with
lower rolling resistance requires less energy to roll, will provide better fuel economy and will
have a higher energy rating. Many tyre manufacturers now offer models specifically
designed to minimise rolling resistance to boost efficiency.

Wet grip

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Adding the grip rating to the label ensures tyre manufacturers don't compromise grip in
order to get a good energy rating. The rating is based on wet braking in a straight line.

In reality, braking distances also depend on a host of additional factors, but industry
analysts have estimated that using grade A tyres over grade G ones can result in a 30%
shorter stopping distance.

Noise
Tyre roar – the noise made by a tyre against the road surface – is a critical factor in a car’s
cruising refinement, and also its environmental impact.

Exterior noise levels are split into three categories and the figure is the noise level
measured in decibels (dB). The curved bars on the tyre icon show the tyre’s noise
emissions compared with European Union regulations.

One black sound wave = more than 3dB less than the European limit (very quiet).
Two black sound waves = already compliant with the future European limit
(moderately quiet).
Three black sound waves = above the current EU limit (noisiest allowable).

Quieter tyres not only benefits those around you, but reduced cabin noise reduces fatigue
on longer trips, making your journeys safer.

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