5/13/2019 Matrix Inverse -- from Wolfram MathWorld

Search MathWorld

Algebra

Applied Mathematics
Calculus and Analysis
Discrete Mathematics
Foundations of Mathematics
Geometry
History and Terminology
Number Theory
Algebra > Linear Algebra > Matrices > Matrix Operations >
MathWorld Contributors > Stover > matrix inverse
Interactive Entries > Interactive Demonstrations >
THINGS TO TRY:
Matrix Inverse matrix inverse
matrix inverse of 3x3 matrix
matrix inverse of {{4,1,1},{2,1,-1},
{1,1,1}}
The inverse of a square matrix , sometimes called a reciprocal matrix, is a matrix such that

Probability and Statistics (1)

Recreational Mathematics where is the identity matrix. Courant and Hilbert (1989, p. 10) use the notation to denote the inverse matrix.
Topology Permuted Tabulation
A square matrix has an inverse iff the determinant (Lipschutz 1991, p. 45). The so-called invertible matrix of Vanishing
Alphabetical Index theorem is major result in linear algebra which associates the existence of a matrix inverse with a number of other Determinants
equivalent properties. A matrix possessing an inverse is called nonsingular, or invertible. Michael Schreiber
Interactive Entries
Random Entry The matrix inverse of a square matrix may be taken in the Wolfram Language using the function Inverse[m]. 3x3 Matrix Explorer
Chris Boucher
New in MathWorld
For a matrix

MathWorld Classroom
(2)
About MathWorld
Contribute to MathWorld the matrix inverse is
Send a Message to the Team
(3)
MathWorld Book

(4)
Wolfram Web Resources »
13,687 entries For a matrix
Last updated: Mon May 13 2019

Created, developed, and

nurtured by Eric Weisstein (5)
at Wolfram Research

the matrix inverse is

(6)

A general matrix can be inverted using methods such as the Gauss-Jordan elimination, Gaussian elimination, or
LU decomposition.

The inverse of a product of matrices and can be expressed in terms of and . Let

(7)

Then

(8)

and

(9)

Therefore,

(10)

so

(11)

where is the identity matrix, and

(12)

SEE ALSO:
Gauss-Jordan Elimination, Gaussian Elimination, LU Decomposition, Matrix, Matrix 1-Inverse, Matrix Addition, Matrix
Multiplication, Moore-Penrose Matrix Inverse, Nonsingular Matrix, Pseudoinverse, Singular Matrix, Strassen Formulas

Portions of this entry contributed by Christopher Stover

REFERENCES:
mathworld.wolfram.com/MatrixInverse.html
Ayres, F. Jr. Schaum's Outline of Theory and Problems of Matrices. New York: Schaum, p. 11, 1962. 1/2
5/13/2019 Ben-Israel, A. and Greville, T. N. E. Generalized Inverses: Theory
Matrix and Applications.
Inverse -- fromNew York: Wiley,
Wolfram 1977.
MathWorld
Courant, R. and Hilbert, D. Methods of Mathematical Physics, Vol. 1. New York: Wiley, 1989.
Jodár, L.; Law, A. G.; Rezazadeh, A.; Watson, J. H.; and Wu, G. "Computations for the Moore-Penrose and Other Generalized
Inverses." Congress. Numer. 80, 57-64, 1991.
Lipschutz, S. "Invertible Matrices." Schaum's Outline of Theory and Problems of Linear Algebra, 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill,
pp. 44-45, 1991.
Nash, J. C. Compact Numerical Methods for Computers: Linear Algebra and Function Minimisation, 2nd ed. Bristol, England:
Adam Hilger, pp. 24-26, 1990.
Press, W. H.; Flannery, B. P.; Teukolsky, S. A.; and Vetterling, W. T. "Is Matrix Inversion an Process?" §2.11 in Numerical
Recipes in FORTRAN: The Art of Scientific Computing, 2nd ed. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, pp. 95-98,
1992.
Rosser, J. B. "A Method of Computing Exact Inverses of Matrices with Integer Coefficients." J. Res. Nat. Bur. Standards Sect. B.
49, 349-358, 1952.

Referenced on Wolfram|Alpha: Matrix Inverse

CITE THIS AS:

Stover, Christopher and Weisstein, Eric W. "Matrix Inverse." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Web Resource.
http://mathworld.wolfram.com/MatrixInverse.html

Wolfram Web Resources

Mathematica » Wolfram|Alpha » Wolfram Demonstrations Project »

The #1 tool for creating Explore anything with the first Explore thousands of free applications
Demonstrations and anything computational knowledge engine. across science, mathematics,
technical. engineering, technology, business, art,
finance, social sciences, and more.

Computerbasedmath.org » Online Integral Calculator » Step-by-step Solutions »

Join the initiative for modernizing math Solve integrals with Wolfram|Alpha. Walk through homework problems step-
education. by-step from beginning to end. Hints help
you try the next step on your own.

Wolfram Problem Generator » Wolfram Education Portal » Wolfram Language »

Unlimited random practice problems
and answers with built-in Step-by-
step solutions. Practice online or
make a printable study sheet.
Collection of teaching and learning Knowledge-based programming for
tools built by Wolfram education everyone.
experts: dynamic textbook, lesson
plans, widgets, interactive
Demonstrations, and more.

Contact the MathWorld Team © 1999-2019 Wolfram Research, Inc. | Terms of Use

mathworld.wolfram.com/MatrixInverse.html 2/2