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Managerial Accounting

Holmes Institute

Faculty of Higher Education

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Table of Contents
Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 3
1. Components of the management accounting system .................................................................. 3
2. ‘A process of information creation’, and a firm needs to organize themselves ‘to transmit the
new information’ ............................................................................................................................. 5
3. Management accountants in Australian companies to learn from .............................................. 6
Conclusion ...................................................................................................................................... 7
Refernces......................................................................................................................................... 8
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Introduction
The following assignment states the brief over view of the strategic approach of the two
mentioned globally popular firms, canon Inc. and Apple Inc. Both the organizations has more
then billion dollars of yearly revenue and the brief assignments about their managerial approach
towards accounting and innovation apprehension, along with the information security
propaganda and monitoring policy.

1. Components of the management accounting system

Canon
Canon Inc., the renowned established global brand which concentrates in the global photography
arena has the appropriate security information which is completely ensuring (Kaplan, Atkinson
2015). This form f security propaganda adopted by Canon is an important management task
under which have been established a proper management system dialog for the entire group.
Undertaking the fundamental principles into consideration the information security is formally
regulated by the core authority. Canon has an exclusive form of certification for this purpose
which is under the ISO 27001 act for their secure information which is completely ensuring to all
it aspects for the entire group, globally. The communication risk management under the group
wide proposal is something that takes place during the training period of the newly appointed
individuals which is primarily conducted by the HR division of Canon. The compliance
subcategory of the popular establishment concentrates solely in promoting the official ethics over
the group which is according to the company group’s code of conduct and also for the
improvisation policy. Under the compliance aspect, the firm has undertaken stances of new
developments which categorize itself under the Hotline feature to receive information fast and
provide and effective feedback (Kaplan, Atkinson 2015). This system analytics is known as the
Whistleblower system. It focuses on the awareness programs of the services provided and use the
intranet method compliance portal for compliance training. The legal risk management system
has been used to identify significant risks faced legally which is acceptable in the course of
business orientation and in order to lessen the legal risks, canon is working on an improving
system to assure the legal compliances.
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Source: (Kaplan, Atkinson 2015)

Apple
Apple has been a successful establishment and has been the most trusted source of tech advance
firm the world has even seen. Talking about the management accounting systems, the firm has
deferred tax assets from shorter time span of differences, loss in taxation, crediting of tax which
is about $4.1 billion along with liabilities of differed ax of about $16.4 billion. The management
trusts that’s it is more likely the forecasted income, which includes earnings that have been made
due to certain tax paying decisions or strategies, with future temporary differences it would be
sufficient enough to recover from differed taxes. The company will be continuing the evaluation
of the reliability of the taxes which are deferred by analyzing the requirement for the amount of
values (Kaplan, Atkinson 2015). In order to protect the margins of gross fluctuations in the
foreign currency rates, specific firms; subsidies whose currency runs in US dollars hedge a part
of the inventory forecasted purchases in the subsidiaries which are not denominated. The hedged
portion consists of the revenue and the purchase made for the inventory for like 12 months.
Under the company’s modern management accounting proportion, the planning of the firm
consists of the combination of forecasting, statement of the financial analysis, budget review,
costs and decision making. In every firm, useful plan is required to be made for the foremost
business so that it can run smoothly. The company goals can be reflected in apples Inc. Annual
report and the book keepings where the authority believes that there are sufficient funds to
recover from deferred taxation amounts in future.
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2. ‘A process of information creation’, and a firm needs to organize

themselves ‘to transmit the new information’
Canon
The committee of security for information is solely the decision making/taking body for the
security measures of information at Canon. Penned by the senior most executive with a
responsibility for this information security purpose he takes the sole decision. Whistleblower
system, software which focuses on the awareness programs of the services provided and uses the
intranet method compliance portal for compliance training (Asahara 2017). The legal risk
management system has been used to identify significant risks faced legally which is acceptable
in the course of business orientation and in order to lessen the legal risks, canon is working on an
improving system to assure the legal compliances. Canon also improvises on the measures to
safeguard the primes 3 elements of the security information. Those 3 elements are: Integrity,
Availability, and Confidentiality. Measures against the cyber-attacks the firm uses the
monitoring systems to detect any differences of suspiciousness emails with a malware positivity.
They also monitor unstable online communication stances from sources which are internal to
stop the attacks from causing damages. The 3 elements standing for confidentiality summons the
measures of only enabling authorized individual to gain the information access. The integrity
responses to ensure data and the methods of processing are precise and cannot be changed
without proper permission. Availability refers to the Data accessibility by the personnel when
required. The group intends to extend their security measure further among the production group
all across the globe to ensure a sustainable condition which is safe and privacy oriented.

Apple
Considered number 1 innovative company in the world, the firm’s innovation strategy concludes
amazing products to an innovative business models. The company provides varied ranges of
products- software in great hardware with a package. Apple innovation leaders have this notion
that in terms of platforms they can push the pace of innovation. Apple does not only focus in the
creation of innovative and beautiful products, it actually builds the innovative orients and models
along with it. Apples contribution to its promise is cultural oriented and not actually pressingly
oriented. The successful commodities an apple were started by only a handful of people with no
formally oriented structure and a little corporate overview. Apple is cultural oriented and
innovation process is relied on the cultural blooming, the networks and partners to hold the
newest opportunities in the marketplace and grow its business exponentially (Asahara 2017).
Financial success key is another driver for Apple. The adoption of apple production for business
usage comprehending time, and Lessing the frustration are the ethnic apples promise.
Innovations solely lie on the effective business models, the iPod and the iPhone would not have
impacted if iTunes and the App store didn’t match accordingly. Systematic innovation is the
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heart of apples success. Apple only works on the traditional, cultural industries to create an
innovation friendly ecosystem overall (Otley 2016). The company is hardware, entertainment,
logistics and software oriented. The app store, one of the platforms in the world which provides
hundreds of useful apps which makes the iPhone better and thus can be yield as an innovation
forum.

3. Management accountants in Australian companies to learn from

Canon
Following the year 2015, canon has been improvising itself in the world forum and is
successfully competing against the various other similar products seller. The new feature of the
establishment innovation category is the Customizing of the Business Workflow and the User
friendly enhancements. Under the CBW, it is designed to evolve and suit every business needs
and therefore gives the perfect solution when an issue arises. Under the User friendly
enhancements, it is available in android, iOS and other windows platforms which is pretty user
friendly supported by the business analytics feature. They also support the third part applications,
like the MS Office and MS Quick-Office which can be edited by enabling the editing option and
is ready to use. Justified outcomes for Canon after the critical reviewing of the company:

 The firm should focus more on the one might go for longer rather than doing multitasking
at once for the better and the rich productivity. Heavy multitasking would be meaning not
a perfect productivity. Thus, the firm shall focus more on the single task at a time rather
than doing a lot of task at once and proving to be unsuccessful
 It is recommended that the firm shall possess an alternative idea of the prime concept or
the work doesn’t prove to be fruitful, they must have a plan B in mind and more like plan
C just to be safe if not successful in the first run.

Along with the examples required, canon has competitors which consists of the lacking
Canon has and the rival companies concentrate more on the issues canon faces. These
problems might include: lens not working properly at the required time, image not getting
displayed properly on the LCD and more on. Whereas, their rival Nikon and Sony focuses
more on the issue resolving juncture and improvises while doing so in the shorter run.

Apple
The outcome specified are a result of orientation of implementing the solution for the problems
the firm was facing. Apple in Australia has been facing various issues with payments as it is
made compulsory to be an American card holder to use apple pay which is absurd. This is about
20 percent of the world market in Australia, apple is continuing to work with the deferent card
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holders but there has been no further update whether is MasterCard or Visa can be used for the
payment for the Apple pay (Otley 2016). Although, it is stated that Apple pay can be used by the
Amex card directly by the American Express.

 The company creates products that lack certain needed features for the people who buys
it at the huge price, it has not Bluetooth advantage and the battery backup is something
they need to improve their efficiency. Also the cloud storage is less, Apple for a better
future shall focus more on these certain needed features and can thus successfully and
dominantly look for a better future of the company in varied ways
 The features of Apple laptops lacks the port system which is a b=major setback which is
therefore needed to be taken care of for a user friendly objective. The first time user of
apple would be totally confused because the system lacks the user friendly feature.
Concentrating more on these features would stop their prime competitors from
dominating and they may level equally in the global market

The apples main competitor is the Android market with tons of leisured featured that Apples
lacks providing at certain costs. Apple ate 60,000 INR would not provide all those useful
features while an Android at 20,000 INR will satisfy you more than you require. Therefore,
the pricing structure may vary for the User interface but the features of purchasing Apple
products seem to be lesser than an Android product. However, Apple provides the best
security feature in the global market which the android lacks, and privacy is a prospect which
can’t be overlooked. Thus, the purchase of an iPhone is way more safer than an android
smartphone.

Conclusion
Thus, up on further report analysis we can apprehend that the management accounts stated in the
brief assignment report resented below categorizes the subparts of various management
accounting concepts. However the concepts oriented are not the final outcome as new ideas are
implemented in solving the issues and as the different segments of the marketing outcome works
differently the implementation plays deferent role depending on concepts implemented.
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Refernces
Kaplan, R. S., & Atkinson, A. A. (2015). Advanced management accounting. PHI
Learning.

Otley, D. (2016). The contingency theory of management accounting and control: 1980–2014. Management
accounting research, 31, 45-62.

Rothkopf, F. R., Filson, J. B., & Yeates, K. H. (2016). U.S. Patent No. 9,507,780. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and
Trademark Office.

Shepherd, M. E., Huang, R. K., Rhee, S. J., Kurtz, D. T., & Neuenschwander, E. (2018). U.S. Patent Application No.
10/136,252.

Zargaran, A., Borhani-Haghighi, A., Faridi, P., Daneshamouz, S., & Mohagheghzadeh, A. (2016). A review on the
management of migraine in the Avicenna’s Canon of Medicine. Neurological Sciences, 37(3), 471-478.

Asahara, H. (2017). U.S. Patent No. 9,600,210. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and
Trademark Office.