9/26/2018

What is Globalization?
The process by which PEOPLE, THEIR
IDEAS and THEIR ACTIVITIES in

Globalization DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE WORLD

become INTERCONNECTED or
INTEGRATED

Globalization as a term is new but the

Chapter 2, Sec 4 Social Studies Process is not …

It shows how the world has “shrunk”

and how people, goods and information
can be moved easily around the world

Important to Note… Examples of Globalization

So, if you are asked to assess HOW
EFFECTIVE globalisation has
been… you have to ask yourself
HOW MUCH INTERCONNECTION
AND INTEGRATION HAS TAKEN
PLACE BETWEEN PEOPLE, THEIR
IDEAS and THEIR ACTIVITIES in
DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE WORLD
The Internet
Selling local products (e.g. OCK Curry
Puff) in the global market (e.g.
Malaysia, China, Indonesia, etc)
Attending lectures by a British professor
teaching in an American University via a
web-conference in NUS

Examples of Globalization
People in different parts of the
world:
Wearing Made in China clothes
Driving Made in Japan cars
Sipping Australian Wine while
watching the LIVE telecast of a
soccer match in Germany

1
 9/26/2018

Key Driving Forces of Globalization

1) Developments in transportation and
communications
Enables globalization by encouraging it:
Transport systems are the means by which
people, products and materials are transferred
from one place to another
Communication systems are the means by which
information is transmitted from place to place in
the form of ideas, instructions and images

2
 9/26/2018

Key Driving Forces of Globalization

1) Developments in transportation and
communications
Transportation
Improvements in transport technology has
“shrunk” the world
19th century steam engine  20th century jet
engine, large ocean-going vessels move people
Containerisation moves goods fast and cheap
over long distances (ships  trucks)

3
 9/26/2018

Key Driving Forces of Globalization

1) Developments in transportation and
communications
Transportation
Increasing mobility of goods and people
Countries have built efficient and
integrated transportation infrastructure
(e.g. airports, seaports, railways,
highways to facilitate movement)

Key Driving Forces of Globalization

1) Developments in transportation and
communications
Communications
Faster and more convenient communication
People all over the globe can communicate via
telephone, e-mail, fax, video conferencing, etc
Satellite technology allows for simultaneous
communication
Optical fibre systems can transmit large amounts
of information and very high speeds

4
 9/26/2018

Key Driving Forces of Globalization Key Driving Forces of Globalization

1) Developments in transportation and
communications
Communications
Internet has enabled consumers to access
information instantly, conveniently and
efficiently
Internet has transferred the way people
communicate, do business, obtain information
and purchase goods and services
1) Developments in transportation and
communications
Communications
Transnational Companies can operate as
information from the head office can be
easily and effectively transmitted to every
branch office anywhere in the world

Key Driving Forces of Globalization

2) Transnational Companies
Large global firms that operate in a
number of countries and have
production and service facilities
outside the country of their origin
Example: Microsoft, Toyota

Key Driving Forces of Globalization

2) Transnational Companies
TNCs set up operations in different
parts of the world because:
Sourcing for new markets
Lowering cost of production
Production of different parts for products
and assembly done in a variety of
countries