MAV Mathematical Methods Trial Examination 1, Solutions

Trial Examination 1 Answers & Solutions

Part I (Multiple-choice) Answers Question 5 [A]
5
1. A 2. C 3. C 4. E 5. A C 4 (3 x 2 ) 4 (−4) 1 = 5 × 3 4 x 8 × −4

6. D 7. B 8. B 9. E 10. C = −1620 x 8

11. B 12. A 13. D 14. D 15. D coefficient = –1620

16. C 17. E 18. A 19. D 20. A Question 6 [D]

21. D 22. D 23. B 24. B 25. D The most efficient way of solving this question
is by using a graphics calculator.
26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. B Type the equation into the calculator and use it
to find the area between x = 0 and x = 2 which is
Solutions = 2.267 units squared and the area between x = 2
and x = 5 which is = 2.475 units squared.
Multiple Choice Total 4.741 to 3 dps.

Question 1 [A]
For points A(–3, 4) and B(1, –3) the gradient is:
y 2 − y1 4 − ( −3 ) 7
m = = =−
x 2 − x1 −3 − 1 4

Question 2 [C]
The n-value is obtained by expanding.
3 π π
2( x + ) = 3x + n = 3 and the period
2 4 2
2π 2π
is =
n 3

Question 3 [C]
Question 7 [B]
f (x) =
4 3
x − 2 x 2 − kx + 5 At t = 3 the curve x = 2t2 + 3t has the value
3 x = 18 + 9 = 27
At t = 7 the curve x = 2t2 + 3t has the value
f ' (x) = 4x 2 − 4x − k
x = 98 + 21 = 119
2 = 4( 3) 2 − 4( 3 ) − k The average rate of change equals
2 = 24 − k 119 − 27 92
= = 23 km / hr
k = 22 7−3 4

Question 4 [E]
Question 8 [B]
Amplitude = 2 ∴ Not A or B
A reflection in the line y = x will change the
2π x-intercept (x = 1) into a y-intercept (y = 1). The
Period = ∴ n = 3 Must be D or E
3 translation of +3 parallel to the y-axis will move
π π
Moved to the right therefore, x − c = x − the whole graph up the y-axis to a y-intercept
6 6 of +4.
π
And c = ∴ E is the only possible answer from
6
the selections

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MAV Mathematical Methods Trial Examination 1, Solutions

Question 9 [E] Question 12 [A]

X = no. of defective ovens in sample. 4 4
1
2  x3 
4 ∴ ∫ x − dx =  − log e x 
C 0 8C 4 70 14 x
Pr(X = 0) = = = 1  3 1
12 495 99
C4
 64  1 
= − log e 4  −  3 − log e 1
3 
Question 10 [C]
= 21 − log e 4
This question can be completed faster using
the normal probability function on a graphics Question 13 [D]
calculator.
6
5e 3 x = 6 ⇒ e 3 x =
 30 − 34 39 − 34  5
Pr( 30 < X < 39) = Pr <Z<
 7 7  6 1 6
3 x = log e ⇒ x = log e
 4 5 5 3 5
= Pr − < Z <
 7 7
 5   4 Question 14 [D]
= Pr Z < − 1 − Z < 
 7    7 
1 2 1
 5  4 log10 x + log10 125 − log10 27 = 2
= Pr Z < + Pr Z < −1 2 3 3
 7   7 1
= 0.76247 + 0.71614 − 1 = 0.47861 log10 x 2 + log10 25 − log10 3 = 2
1
log10 x2 = log10 100 − log10 25 + log10 3
1
log10 x 2 = log10 12
1
x2 = 12
x = 144

Question 15 [D]
Question 11 [B] Using the product rule
This question can be done more efficiently using
the graphing function on a graphics calculator to f ( x ) = e 2 x cos x
determine the intersection points of the graphs
f ′( x ) = 2 e 2 x cos x − e 2 x sin x
and which graph is the upper one.
At x = 1 the curve f(x) = 7 and g(x) = 7 f ′( x ) = e 2 x ( 2 cos x − sin x )
At x = 2 the curve f(x) = 5 and g(x) = 5
Between x = 1 and x = 2 , f(x) > g(x) Question 16 [C]
2 The rate of change of the graph is the gradient
∴ ∫ ( f (x) − g (x)) x = B of the graph. The gradient is only positive when
1 the graph is sloping upwards from the left to
the right.
This happens only in the interval {−0.4 < x < 3.8}

Question 17 [E]
1 1
cos x = ⇒ x = cos −1
2 2
π 5π
x= , ⇒ The sum is 2π
3 3
for 0 ≤ x ≤ π

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MAV Mathematical Methods Trial Examination 1, Solutions

Question 18 [A] Question 23 [B]

x-intercepts are –2, –1, 0, and 1
Factors are x, (x + 2), (x + 1), (x – 1)
Therefore only A and B are possible.
At x = -0.5 f(x) ≈ 1 from the graph.
Substituting into each equation:
A f(x) =2x(x + 2)(x + 1)(x – 1) , f(x) = 18
16
B f(x) = x(x + 2)(x + 1)(x – 1) , f(x) = 9
16
The y-values are symmetrical around x = –2.5,
increasing by the same rate on each side of this
x-value. A quadratic function fits this data, and
a quadratic is a polynomial.
Question 24 [B]
p = 0.38, q = 0.62, X = no. of hits
Pr(X ≥ 3) = Pr(X = 3) + Pr(X = 4)
Pr(X = 3)= 4C 3 (0.38) 3 (0.62) 1

Question 19 [D] Pr(X = 4)= 4C 4 (0.38) 4

1st asymptote occurs when x – 2 = 0 ∴ x = 2 Pr(X ≥ 3)= 4C 3 (0.38) 3 (0.62) 1 + 4C 4 (0.38)4

3
2nd asymptote occurs when → 0∴y=1 Therefore B
x− 2

Question 20 [A] Question 25 [D]

sin(2 x) = – cos(2 x) y = A sin(Bx)

2π
sin(2 x) = π, ∴ B = 2
= −1, tan(2 x) = −1, 2 x = tan −1 (−1) B
cos(2 x)
π 3
3 π 7 π 11π 15 π Using ( , ) and B = 2
2x = , , , for 0 ≤ x ≤ 2 π 12 2
4 4 4 4 3 π 3 π
= A sin(2 × ), = A sin( )
3 π 7 π 11π 15 π 2 12 2 6
x= , , ,
8 8 8 8 3 A
= ∴ A = 3 , y = 3 sin(2 x)
2 2
Question 21 [D]
By a process of elimination the only domain Question 26 [A]
that produces a one-to-one function that enables Even numbers are 2, 4 and 6
an inverse is: ∴ 0.5 – 3k + 4k + 2k = 3k + 0.5
x ∈ [−3, 0) ∪ [3, ∞)
Therefore A

Question 22 [D]
Expand y = A(x + b)2 + B
Question 27 [D]
Eleven occurs when 5 then 6 are rolled or 6 the 5
y = Ax 2 + 2 Abx + Ab 2 + B are rolled. Twelve only can occur when 6 then 6
are rolled.
∆>0 Pr(5 then 6) = (k + 0.1) x 2k = 2k2 + 0.2k
∆ = (2 Ab) 2 − 4 A( Ab 2 + B) Pr(6 then 5) = 2k x (k + 0.1) = 2k2 + 0.2k
Pr(6 then 6) = 2k x 2k = 4k2
∆ = 4 A2b 2 − 4 A2b 2 − 4 AB
Find Pr(X ≥ 11) = Pr(X = 11) + Pr(X = 12)
∆ = −4 AB Pr(X ≥ 11) = 2k2 + 0.2k + 2k2 + 0.2k + 4k2
−4 AB > 0 Pr(X ≥ 11) = 8k2 + 0.4k = k(8k + 0.4)

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MAV Mathematical Methods Trial Examination 1, Solutions

Question 28 [C] Part II (Short answer questions)

2 1
f (x) = − sin(4 x) + c = − sin(4 x) + c Question 1
4 2
n
Cr ( ax )r (b)n − r since we are finding the coefficient
Question 29 [B] 3
of the x term r = 3
5
1.65 − 1.67 C3 ( ax)3 (b)2
Pr(X < 1.65) = Pr(Z < )
0.04
10 a 3 x 3b 2 = 1080 x 3
0.02 1 1
= Pr(Z < - ) = Pr(Z < − ) = 1 − Pr(Z < ) a 3 x 3b 2 = 108 x 3
0.04 2 2
From tables = 1 − (0.6915) = 0.3085 a 3b 2 = 108 Eqn 1 [M1]

Number of women = 0.3085 × 305 = 94.09 = 94 n

Cr ( ax )r (b)n − r since we are finding the coefficient
to the nearest person. 1
of the x term r = 1
5
Question 30 [B] C4 ( ax)1(b)4
Mean = np
5 a1x1b 4 = 240 x1
Standard Deviation = npq
a1x1b 4 = 48 x1
Mean = 60 × 0.65 = 39
a1b 4 = 48 Eqn 2 [A1]
Standard Deviation =
60 × 0.65 × 0.35 = 13.65 ≈ 3.69 Rearrange eqn 1 and sub into eqn 2
Answer is correct to 2 decimal places 108 108 2
a 3b 2 = 108 ⇒ b 2 = 3 ⇒ b 4 = 6
a a
108 2
Eqn 2 a( ) = 48
a6
108 2 108 2
= 48 ⇒ = a5
a5 48

5 108 2 [M1]
=a⇒a=3
48

Question 2
f(x) = 2tan(x)sin(x)
Let u = 2tan(x)
Let v = sin(x)
du
= 2 sec 2 x
dx
dv
= cos x
dx
dv du
Product Rule f ′( x ) = u. + v. [M1]
dx dx

f ′( x ) = 2 tan x. cos x + sin x.2 sec 2 x

(
f ′( x ) = 2 tan x. cos x + sin x. sec 2 x ) [A1]

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MAV Mathematical Methods Trial Examination 1, Solutions

π π π π π Question 5
f ′( ) = 2 tan( ). cos( ) + sin( ).2 sec 2 ( )
3 3 3 3 3
a. y
π 3
f ′( ) = 2 3 × 0.5 + ×2×4 2
3 2
π
f ′( ) = 3 +4 3 =5 3 [A1]
3 1

Question 3 x
a. Hypergeometric distribution π 2π

3
C 0 9C 3
Pr(X = 0) = 12
= 0.3818 –1
C3
3
C 1 9C 2
Pr(X = 1) = 12
= 0.4909 –2
C3 [A2]
3
C 2 9C 1 b. y = 1 – cos(2x) [A1]
Pr(X = 2) = 12
= 0.1227
C3
3
C 3 9C 0 Question 6
Pr(X = 3) = 12
= 0.0045
C3 a.
y − y1 = m( x − x1 ) where m = 4 , x1 = 2 , y1 = 4
X 0 1 2 3
y − 4 = 4( x − 2)
Pr(X = x) .3818 .4909 .1227 .0045 [A2]
y − 4 = 4x − 8
y = 4x − 4 [A1]
b. Pr(x ≥ 1) = 0.4909 + 0.1227 + 0.0045 = 0.6181
or 0.6181 [A2] b.

2 2 2
Question 4
y ( )
Area = ∫ x 2 dx − ∫ (4 x − 4) dx = ∫ x 2 − 4 x + 4 dx
0 0 0
4
2
 x3 2

 − 2 x + 4 x
f(x)
 3  0
2
 23 2
  03 2

 − 2 × 2 + 4 × 2 −  − 2 × 0 + 4 × 0
 3   3 
x
–4 –2 2 4 8  8
 3 − 8 + 8 − [0] = 3 sq units
h(x)
–2

[A1]
g(x)
–4

Important:
Must have the same x-intercepts [A1]
Must have both end points approximately
1.5 above g(x)’s end points and h(x)’s turning
point must be between g(x)’s turning point
and the x-axis [A1]

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MAV Mathematical Methods Trial Examination 1, Solutions

Question 7
Determine the points P and Q via either of two
methods:
1. Equating the line and the curve.
2. The graphics calculator

7 6 7 1
− x = x2 + x − 7
5 5 5 5
7 2 7 42
0= x + x−
5 5 5
7 2
0= ( x + x − 6)
5
0 = ( x + 3)( x − 2)
x = −3, +2

Substitute into the line 5 y + 6 x = 7

x = −3 x =2
5 y − 18 = 7 5 y + 12 = 7
5 y = 25 5 y = −5
y = 5 ⇒ ( −3, 5) y = −1 ⇒ ( 2 , −1)
[A2]

PQ = ( x2 − x1 )2 + ( y2 − y1 )2

PQ = ( 2 − −3)2 + ( −1 − 5)2

PQ = ( 5)2 + ( −6)2

PQ = 25 + 36

PQ = 61 [A1]

or using the graphics calculator to determine the

intersection points.

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