Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Multiband Applications
Angamarca Stalin, Mena Duval, Peréz Kevin, Guzmán Marcelo
Informatic and Electronic School
Electronic, Telecomunications and Networks Engineering
Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo
Riobamba, Ecuador
ABSTRACT- The design of rectangular patch an- This project is based on antenna transmitting
tenna with fractal slots is presented in this paper. patch, which was modified to become an antenna with
For designing the antenna FR4 epoxy substrate with fractal slots, gradually slots were modified to improve
thickness 1.6mm and relative permittivity of 4.4 is the frequency and reach the 2 GHz that were the ini-
used as substrate. The resonant frequency used for tial objective for the structure of the antenna. By
designing the proposed antenna is 2GHz. Three iter- implementing a fractal antenna gets this decrease and
ation of proposed antenna is designed and simulated is achieved by having a frequency much more desirable
by using ANSOFT DESIGNER software and different to carry out this project. Used a coupling device of
parameters of antenna such as return loss, gain VSWR quarter wave, which serves to attach the impedance
and radiation pattern are analyzed and observed. The 50 ohm transmission line through and can be the ideal
antenna is expected to work in eight different reso- impedance to ensure that the antenna work to the de-
nant frequencies where the return loss is below -10dB sired frequency.
with VSWR less than 2 which is the desired condi-
tion for the antenna to work efficiently for practical c 3x108
applications. The designed antenna can be used for λ0 = = (1)
f 2x109
different wireless applications in frequency bands such
as Lband, S-band, C-band and X-band. c 3x108
λ= √ = → λ = 34.09mm (2)
εr f (4.4)(2x109 )
p
I. INTRODUCTION ZA = ZL Z0 (3)
In the world of wireless communication there is a need
of multi-functional and multiband antennas. So ac-
cording to the need the latest research in antenna
technology the fractal geometry of antenna took a vi- TRANSMITTER ANTENNA
tal role [2]. The two properties of fractal geometry
such as self-similarity and space-filling which makes
the antenna to work on multi frequency bands [6]. B.
Mandelbort defined the fractal geometry based on iter-
ation process in 1975. There are many different shapes
of fractal antenna have been designed so far such as
sierpinski carpet, sierpinski gasket, Koch-curve etc [5].
Fractal is a geometry shape that is sub divided into
different parts and the each part is a copy of complete
antenna shape at varying dimensions [3]. Use of frac-
tal geometry improves the features and performance of
Figure 1.Rectangular Patch Antenna With Fractal
antenna. So, the fractal antenna used in many wireless
Slots
applications like WLAN bands are 2.4GHz, 5.2GHz
and 5.8GHz, Wi-MAX bands are 2.5GHz, 3.5GHz and
In Figure 1 can see the dimensions that the transmit-
5.8GHz, Bluetooth at 2.4GHz etc [4]. In this paper
ting antenna is structured, the dimensions were grad-
the rectangular patch antenna with fractal slots for
ually modified to get an ideal connection of impedance
multiband applications is designed.
and frequency of the antenna. He is considered a sym-
metric antenna 29.35 mm to make it the central struc-
II. DESIGN OF THE RECTANGULAR PATCH ture from those dimensions is considered to place the
ANTENNA WITH FRACTAL SLOTS fractal slots to improve its functioning.
1
Points Dimensions
L 29.35mm
S 6mm
T 11.675mm
U 13.1mm
N 19.91mm
B 1.925mm
C 3.65mm
X 19.1mm
Table 1. Dimensions of the transmitting antenna
f2 − f1
B= ∗ 100% (4) III. DESIGN OF THE PATCH ANTENNA ARRAY
fc
Rx
Gets a bandwidth of 1.65%.
2
f2 − f1
B= ∗ 100% (5)
fc
Figure 5 shows the structure of the receiving antenna Figure 7 shows the ideal impedance to which the an-
with their respective diameters that were simulated tenna works, the red line in this figure shows the real
and with each of the values gradually fits the ideal part of impedance, which is located in the 50 ohm
impedance antenna and antenna can work to the re- and the imaginary part is zero, which shows that the
quired frequency and receive the information without impedance is the ideal of 50 ohm.
any problem.
Points Dimensions
L 30mm
N 6mm
S 11.5mm
X 20.5mm
A 19.84mm
B 22.95mm
C 95.05mm
D 46.75mm
E 19.84mm
F 9.77mm
Table 2. Dimensions of the Receiver antenna
3
[1] C. A. Balanis, “Antenna theory: Analysis and De- M. M. Sharma, “A Dual Band Star Fractal Antenna
sign, 3rd edition, Wiley, 2005. with Slot for Wireless Applications,” International
Conference on Signal Propagation and Computer Tech-
[2] P. S. R. Chowdary, A. M. Prasad and P. M. Rao, nology (ICSPCT), IEEE, pp. 738-740, 2014.
“Design of Modified Sierpinski Antenna for WLAN
Applications,” International Conference on Electron- [5] S. Yadav, P. Jain and R. Choudhary, “A Novel
ics and Communication System (ICECS), 2014. approach of triangular circular fractal antenna,” In-
ternational Conference on Advances in Computing,
[3] R. Choudhary, S. Yadav, P. Jain and M. M. Sharma, Communications and Informatics (ICACCI), IEEE,
“Full Composite Fractal Antenna with Dual Band used pp. 708-711, 2014.
for Wireless Applications,” International Conference
on Advances in Computing, Communications and In- [6] S. Kundalia, V. Unadkat and S. Dwivedi, “Com-
formatics (ICACCI), pp. 2517-2520, 2014. parative analysis of fractal based nested triangular
microstrip antnna,” IEEE, 2014.
[4] S. Yadav, R. Choudhary, U. Soni, A. Dadhich and