AGRICULTURE LAW

PROJECT ON

White Revolution and its Impact on

Legislations

Submitted To: Dr. Sushma Sharma Submitted By: Shachi Singh

Associate Professor Roll no.: 2014BALLB92

 Introduction

White Revolution is related to a pointy boom within the milk manufacturing. The White
Revolution in India, also called Operation Flood has become released in the Seventies to make
India self-based totally in milk production. Dr Verghese Kurien is known as the father of The
White Revolution in India. Presently India is the arena’s largest milk manufacturer. India is the
largest milk generating country in the international. It produced 146.31 million tones of milk in
2014-15. India has low Milk productiveness as compare to western nations; nonetheless, it tops
the list of biggest milk-producing u. s. a. inside the global due to the larger variety of farm
animals in u. s. a. Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh, Punjab, and Haryana are the
fundamental milk generating states in India. India is likewise the largest manufacturer of buffalo
milk inside the world. At some stage in the 1964-65, extensive livestock development
Programme (ICDP) became delivered in the united states of America in which a package deal of
advanced animal husbandry become given to cattle proprietors for selling the white revolution
within the united states of America. in a while to increase the rate of the white revolution, a
brand new programme named “operation flood” changed into brought in the country by way of
the countrywide Dairy Development Board. It led to making India the most important producer
of milk and milk merchandise, and for this reason is known as because the White Revolution of
India. It also helped in lowering the malpractices by means of milk buyers and mercenary
merchants and in the long run helping in removing poverty. Operation Flood helped the dairy
farmers, in directing their private improvement, thru empowering them with the controls of the
resources that they devise. A 'national Milk Grid' has become normal that related milk producers
for the duration of u. s. along with the consumers of more than 700 cities and cities. This helped
in reducing seasonal and local price versions making sure consume pride and on the identical
time making sure that the producers get a major proportion of the rate those consumers pay.
The fundamental basis of Operation Flood become laid through the village milk producer’s
cooperatives that procured milk and furnished services, making most useful use of contemporary
control and technology. Operation Flood had the subsequent targets:

 Growth production of milk ( creating "a flood of milk")

 Increase rural incomes
 Offer honest prices for purchasers
 History

Anand Milk Union Limited, popularly known as Amul- a Gujarat-based totally co-operation
changed into the engine that drove the success of the programme. On the time when the
programme became applied Verghese Kurien changed into the chairman of NDDB. He drove
ahead of the co-operatives along with his sheer expert management talents, and is considered the
architect of India's 'White Revolution'.

There have been numerous other large Co-operatives that empowered that transformed Operation
Flood into White Revolution.

Operation Flood changed into carried out in three phases.

Phase I used to unfold over a span of 10 yrs, beginning from 1970 to 1980. It was financed
through the sale of skimmed milk powder and butter oil which had been donated by the ECU
Union thru the world food Programme.

NDDB planned the programme- “Operation Flood” and connected 18 surest Indian milk sheds
with customers in India's essential metropolitan cities, for that reason organizing mom dairies in
4 metros.

Within the preliminary level of a segment, I in 1970 positive properly described goals were kept
in view for the successful implementation of the programme. Development of milk marketing
within the organized dairy sector within the metropolitan towns- Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, and
Delhi became one such step to accomplish the desires.
Beginning from 1981, the phase II of Operation Flood lasted till 1985. It elevated the quantity of
milk sheds from 18 to 136. It becomes attributed to the fact that milk outlets had been multiplied
to 290 city markets. by the end of the second segment, a self-sustaining machine become
installation that covered 43,000 village cooperatives in conjunction with four,250,000 milk
producers. home milk powder manufacturing also improved from 22,000 heaps in the year 1980
to a hundred and forty,000 lots via 1989. All the growth in manufacturing was totally due to the
dairies set up underneath Operation Flood. Ultimately, direct marketing of milk through these
cooperatives expanded by way of numerous million liters a day.

Section III of Operation Flood from 1985 to1996 gave a final touch to the programme by means
of permitting dairy cooperatives to enlarge. This section noticed the strengthening of
infrastructure required to marketplace the growing volumes of milk.

Operation Flood's very last segment strengthened India's dairy cooperative motion, by way of
adding 30,000 new dairy cooperatives to the already existing forty-two,000 societies. a number
of milk sheds peaked to 173 and additionally, the variety of ladies contributors and ladies' Dairy
Cooperative Societies elevated appreciably.

Closer to the give up of Operation Flood Programme, 73,930 dairy cooperatives had installation
linking greater than 3.five crore dairy farmer participants. due to the progressive techniques and
sheer control skills adopted by means of those dairy cooperatives beneath the management of Dr.
Kurien, the milk production peaked to a predicted degree of 710 lakh tones.
 Effects of White Revolution

The white revolution gave a serious boost to the farm sector in India within the late Nineteen
Sixties by manufacturing milk in rural areas via smallholder producer cooperatives and shifting
industrially- processed milk from those small holder assets to the city demand facilities, as a
consequence, organizing a miles needed linkage between the rural manufacturers and concrete
consumers. The Joined together Countries has commended India's "White Revolution," said a
sharp increment within the generation of milk has accomplished twin objectives of raising
earnings of country poor families and sustenance status of the individuals. India's milk
production rose from around 30 million tons in 1980 to an estimated 87 million tons by 2003 and
in spite of increasing population, accessibility per individual increased from less than 50
kilocalories per day in 1980 to 80 kilocalories per day in 2000, a report on starvation by the Food
and Agribusiness Organization (FAO) said. The report estimates that India's dairy production
will be three times by 2020. "With government approaches that facilitate rural credit and give
basic back administrations to promote milk generation, the White Revolution will proceed to
play a significant part in diminishing destitution and starvation." FAO estimates that expanding
drain generation has boosted the incomes of 80 to 100 million families, the endless lion's share of
whom are minimal or little agriculturists whose plots are regularly too small to back their
families and landless laborers who depend on common touching lands and timberlands for feed.
 Development

India ranks first in milk production in the world. Milk production rose from about 17 million
tonnes in 1950–51 to nearly 88 million tonnes in 2003–04, and per caput availability has
improved. A series of steps have been taken by the governments at centre and state to boost
livestock sector. Fisheries is yet another promising area for India. Recognizing the importance of
livestock in the rural economy, Article 49 of the Constitution prescribes that all states shall
endeavour to organize agriculture and animal husbandry on modern and scientific lines and shall
take steps for preservation and improvement in breeding, conservation of local breeds,
prohibition of slaughter of cows, calves and other cattle. The Government of India promulgated
the Milk and Milk Product Order (MMPO), 1992 on 9 May 1992 under the provisions of
Essential Commodities Act, 1955 consequent to de-licensing of the dairy sector in 1991. As per
the provisions of this Order, any person/dairy plant handling more than 10,000 litres per day of
milk or 500 million tonnes of milk solids per annum has to be registered with the registering
authority appointed by the Central Government. The main objective of the Order is tomaintain
and increase supply of liquid milk of desired quality in the interest of the general public and also
to regulate the production, processing and distribution of milk and milk products. Government of
India has amended Milk and Milk Product Order, 1992 from time to time to make it more liberal
and oriented to facilitate the dairy entrepreneurs. The last amendment was notified on 26 March
2002. Now, there is no restriction on setting up of new capacity and the requirement of
registration is only for enforcing the prescribed standards of quality and food safety. Altogether,
the Central and the State Registering Authorities have registered 751 units with a combined
capacity of 8,414.8 millon litres/day in the co-operative, private and government sectors as on31
March 2005.