UNIT Inheritance and Variation

KEY CONCEPT Relationship

RELATED CONCEPT Environment

GLOBAL CONTEXT Fairness and Development

The transformation of genetic material into inherited traits connects individuals to one another
SOI
through patterns of inheritance.

LEARNER PROFILE Thinkers, Knowledgeable

ATLS Communication skills, Research skills

TASK TYPE C.W AND H.W Summative

ASSIGNED DATE 10th Feb 2019

DUE DATE 20th Feb 2019

TIME PROVIDED IN
80minutes
CLASS

Cloning is a method of creating and identical copy of an original. It could be done within genes,
cells, organisms etc. in biology cloning is used in two things; cloning in genes and cloning in
organisms. Cloning in gene could be when we remove a gene from an organism. Cloning an
organism means to create a new organism with the same genetic information existing. Cloning
has been done in several living things for example frog, mice, sheep, cattle and it has been
promoted but some people/scientist also started doing cloning in humans which was not
acceptable due to which several governments of different states stated that there will be no
cloning done in human and it got banned. People have also started computer cloning in which
they create a new computer out of an existing one, other than computer that have also started
cloning in different software’s. Some software’s which get exposed are given the stamp of
copyrights if they are not exposed it is being still used by the people.
Hans Spemann created the idea of cloning, he claimed that we can replace a nucleus of an egg
with the nucleus of some other cell. This occurred in 1938.Robert Briggs and Thomas king were
the first two people to experiment cloning. They collected the nucleus from a frog’s egg and
replaced it with the nucleus of a cell. The experiment was not successful and this occurred in
1952. John. B Gurdon was the first person for a successful experiment. He experimented
cloning on a frog. Many people questioned his success in the experiment. This was done in
1970. After this two scientist experimented on a mice not a frog and it went successful this took
place in 1994. In 1995 two sheep’s were cloned by the scientists Morgan and Megan, this was
the first time in history that a sheep was cloned, this experiment went successful. After this
many scientist started doing cloning on different kinds of animals such as; horse, cow, buffalo,
cat, monkey, pig etc. there are many disadvantages as well as advantages of cloning. The
disadvantages are; risk of mutations, when cloning is done it is more likely to have different
diseases, it may affect a person’s thinking, he might have ethical issues for example; not
believing in his religion or god. The person may have some deficiencies due to which he will not
be able to do some things either be it physically or mentally. There may be some side effects or
some reactions which can occur in the body. Cloned things may not be valued, they wouldn’t
get any importance because the people will think that it is nothing just a piece of cloning. The
advantages are that it can increase human life span, a person can live more than what is
expected. It could restore balance to a family because if a family loses someone, they can
restore him or her by cloning due to which peace would be maintained in the family. Cloning of
humans is not much accepted in different countries because some scientist take lives of people
to experiment something therefore cloning of animals is widely promoted by the government
as well as the people because it won’t affect the people in fact by this the scientific technology
can be improved allot which can help us in the coming years.
References;
 A brief history of cloning. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.kopernik.org.pl/en/special-
projects/archiwum-projektow/projekt-genesis/krotka-historia-klonowania/
 The History of Cloning. (n.d.). Retrieved from
https://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/cloning/clonezone/
 Kids.Net.Au - Encyclopedia > Cloning. (n.d.). Retrieved from
http://encyclopedia.kids.net.au/page/cl/Cloning
 History of Cloning Animals | Study.com. (n.d.). Retrieved from
https://study.com/academy/lesson/history-of-cloning-animals.html
 Cloning Fact Sheet. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.genome.gov/25020028/cloning-fact-
sheet/
 cloning. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://kids.britannica.com/kids/article/cloning/574603
 Kids.Net.Au - Encyclopedia > Cloning.
 (n.d.). Retrieved from http://encyclopedia.kids.net.au/page/cl/Cloning
 Advantages & Disadvantages of Cloning. (2008, November 29). Retrieved from
https://sciencing.com/advantages-disadvantages-cloning-4620621.html
 (n.d.). Retrieved from https://vittana.org/11-advantages-and-disadvantages-of-cloning
 10 Advantages and Disadvantages of Cloning | Flow Psychology. (n.d.). Retrieved from
https://flowpsychology.com/10-advantages-and-disadvantages-of-cloning/
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